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为摸清贵州省规模猪场伪狂犬病免疫与野毒感染情况,利用g E-ELISA方法,对从贵州省181个规模猪场采集的3 192份猪血清样品进行抗体检测。结果显示:129个规模场存在伪狂犬病阳性样品,场点阳性率为71.27%(129/181),检出538份阳性样品,样品阳性率为16.85%(538/3 192)。其中:种猪场场点阳性率为64.29%(18/28),样品阳性率为30.81%(65/211);免疫猪场场点阳性率为51.39%(25/47),样品阳性率为9.20%(110/1 196);其他猪场场点阳性率为81.13%(86/106),样品阳性率为20.34%(363/1 785)。对从26个免疫猪场采集的1 061份样品进行g B-ELISA抗体检测,发现场点免疫抗体阳性率为100%(26/26),样品阳性率为60.79%(645/1 061)。对来自屠宰场等16个监测场点的179份扁桃体样品进行伪狂犬病病毒荧光PCR检测,检出1份阳性样品。调查结果表明,贵州省规模猪场存在伪狂犬病野毒感染且隐性带毒情况较为严重;疫苗免疫虽有一定的免疫效果,但个体免疫抗体阳性率不高。调查结果提示,贵州省应加强PRV野毒检测,掌握病毒基因变异情况,科学调整免疫程序,从而为全省规模猪场的伪狂犬病净化奠定基础。 相似文献
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为了解甘肃省天水市规模猪场伪狂犬病的流行和分布情况，采用ELISA方法，对5个生猪养殖量较大县区的18个规模猪场，采集1 923份血清进行伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)感染抗体检测。结果显示：5个县区均存在PRV感染，18个规模猪场中检出阳性场10个，场点阳性率为55.56%。1 923份样品中检出阳性样品78份，个体阳性率为4.06%。秦安县个体阳性率较高(10.94%)，麦积区(2.19%)和秦州区(1.29%)较低，种猪场个体阳性率(1.05%)低于商品猪场(28.99%)；存栏100～<500头小型猪场的个体阳性率为10.24%，高于存栏≥500头的大型猪场(3.62%)和中型猪场(3.09%)。不同县区、不同类型和不同规模猪场的个体阳性率均存在显著差异(P <0.05)。根据结果推测，天水市规模猪场可能普遍存在PRV感染，种猪场和大中型猪场防控效果较好，而商品猪场和小型猪场感染可能较严重。结果提示，天水市应加快种猪场PRV净化进程，通过加强免疫和生物安全管理，做好猪场的综合防控工作，降低商品猪场和小型猪场感染率，保障天水市养猪产业的高质量发展。 相似文献
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为了解浙江省规模猪场伪狂犬病野毒感染情况及变化趋势,2016—2018年对26家定点规模猪场开展伪狂犬病血清学监测。场内选择育成/育肥猪进行采样,每年度采集至少30份血清样品,采用ELISA方法进行猪伪狂犬病病毒gE抗体检测,共检测样品7 519份。2016—2018年,共检出阳性样品2 813份,个体阳性率为37.4%,各年度个体阳性率分别为44.7%、37.4%、30.6%,呈下降趋势,但个体阳性率在50.0%以上的规模猪场数量都在8个以上。结果表明,通过加强疫苗免疫,浙江省规模猪场伪狂犬病野毒感染正逐步得到控制,但感染程度仍较为严重,感染范围依然较广。因疫苗免疫效果受疫苗生产厂家、毒株种类、免疫次数等多种因素影响,所以应根据监测结果,及时调整疫苗种类和免疫程序,同时强化生物安全,逐步实现规模场伪狂犬病净化目标。 相似文献
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2016年江苏省部分猪场猪伪狂犬病血清流行病学调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2011年底,我国再次暴发猪伪狂犬病疫情,并造成严重经济损失。本研究采集2016年江苏省13个地市56个规模猪场的1 741份猪血清,采用伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）gE-ELISA、gB-ELISA抗体检测试剂盒进行血清学流行病学调查。调查结果显示：猪场PRV野毒抗体阳性率为94.6%（53/56）,血清gE抗体阳性率为43.2%,其中苏北地区显著高于苏中和苏南地区;公猪野毒感染阳性率为55%,后备母猪野毒感染阳性率高达69.4%;经产母猪野毒感染阳性率为44%,gE抗体阳性率与母猪胎次密切相关。结果表明：猪伪狂犬病在江苏省流行依然广泛,野毒感染较为严重,尤其是苏北地区;应重点关注种猪群,并加强伪狂犬病的疫苗免疫和抗体检测,从而更好地防控该病。 相似文献
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为了解某规模化猪场猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)的抗体水平以及猪伪狂犬病野毒感染情况,研究应用ELISA检测技术对该场307份血清进行了CSFV、PRRSV抗体检测,63份血清进行了PRV-gB、PRV-gE蛋白抗体检测,猪群总体CSFV抗体阳性率为81.11%;PRRSV抗体阳性率为90.23%;PRV-gB蛋白抗体阳性率为95.24%;PRV-gE蛋白抗体阳性率为69.84%,并对不同类别猪群的抗体水平做出具体分析。该结果为了解该猪场3种常见传染病的整体免疫水平,进一步制定合理的免疫程序和防治措施提供参考。 相似文献
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《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2021,(5)
为了解猪伪狂犬病在规模化猪场的净化效果,采用ELISA对规模化猪场血清检测样品中猪伪狂犬病病毒gE抗体的水平进行判定。结果显示:净化前,3个规模化猪场共检测34份血清样品,其中猪伪狂犬病病毒g E抗体阳性3份,抗体阳性率达8.8%。采取净化措施后,3个猪场共检测34份血清样品,未检出猪伪狂犬病病毒gE阳性抗体,净化措施取得明显的效果。 相似文献
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The prevalence of Salmonella in fresh pork cuttings in Denmark in the years 2002 and 2006 was investigated at retail and compared with the retail supply pattern. A total of 1025 and 3473 samples were taken in 2002 from butcher's shops and supermarkets, respectively. The corresponding numbers in 2006 were 259 from butchers' shops and 628 from supermarkets. In 2002, 1.2% of all samples were positive for Salmonella; butchers' shops and supermarkets had 1.8% and 1.0% positive samples, respectively. The overall prevalence in 2006 was 4.2%, with prevalence of 8.1% and 2.6% for butchers' shops and supermarkets, respectively. Hence, increases around 3- to 5-fold were found. There was neither observed any parallel increase in Salmonella positive carcasses in Danish slaughterhouses during the study period, nor were any changes in supply routes towards slaughterhouses with higher prevalence observed, which could explain the apparent increase. We hypothesize that hygiene levels and ability to avoid cross-contamination and prevent growth of the organism, in the meat processing chain after slaughter were the most likely responsible factors. Results from this study indicate that the hygiene performance, particularly at retail, has a significant impact on the occurrence of Salmonella. This implies that there is no direct link between slaughterhouse Salmonella surveillance data and the level of Salmonella contamination at retail. To improve risk assessment of Salmonella in fresh pork meat, this study underlines the need for comprehensive retail data. 相似文献
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Helminth and protozoan parasites in dogs and cats in Belgium 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This study investigates the level of helminthic and protozoal infestation over the last 10 years in strays, well-cared-for dogs and cats. Determination of the prevalence of infections was based either on faecal examination or on worm counts at necropsy. Of 2324 faecal flotations (NaCl sp.gr. 1.20) of stray dogs, 34.2% had eggs or proglottids of one or more worm species consisting of Toxocara canis (17.4%), Toxascaris leonina (10.1%), Uncinaria stenocephala (11.4%), Trichuris vulpis (7.0%) and cestodes (2.1%). Isospora oocysts were observed in 5.2% of the dogs. The data on the distribution of the various worm species in the positive dogs indicate that T. canis eggs were by far the most common (50.9%). Necropsy data from 212 infected dogs indicate that 38.9% were infected with T. canis and 33.7% with T. leonina. The overall prevalence of worm infestation of 246 well-cared-for kennel dogs, based on worm egg counts by the McMaster technique, was 36.1%. Of 30 feline faecal samples examined by flotation, 83.3% were positive for parasites, including Toxocara cati (60%), Ancylostoma tubaeformae (36.6%), Taenia (Hydatigera) taeniaeformis (20%) and coccidia (30%). Toxocara cati was the most frequently found worm species at the necropsy of 25 cats (52%). Toxoplasma was not observed. 相似文献
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Yong Wu Na-Jiao Zhao Yan Cao Zhuo Sun Qin Wang Zhao-Ying Liu Zhi-Liang Sun 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2020,43(2):208-214
Sanguinarine (SA) is a benzo[c] phenanthridine alkaloid which has a variety of pharmacological properties. However, very little was known about the pharmacokinetics of SA and its metabolite dihydrosanguinarine (DHSA) in pigs. The purpose of this work was to study the intestinal metabolism of SA in vitro and in vivo. Reductive metabolite DHSA was detected during incubation of SA with intestinal mucosa microsomes, cytosol, and gut flora. After oral (p.o.) administration of SA, the result showed SA might be reduced to DHSA in pig intestine. After i.m. administration, SA and DHSA rapidly increased to reach their peak concentrations (Cmax, 30.16 ± 5.85, 5.61 ± 0.73 ng/ml, respectively) at 0.25 hr. Both compounds were completely eliminated from the plasma after 24 hr. After single oral administration, SA and DHSA rapidly increased to reach their Cmax (3.41 ± 0.36, 2.41 ± 0.24 ng/ml, respectively) at 2.75 ± 0.27 hr. The half-life (T1/2) values were 2.33 ± 0.11 hr and 2.20 ± 0.12 hr for SA and DHSA, respectively. After multiple oral administration, the average steady-state concentrations (Css) of SA and DHSA were 3.03 ± 0.39 and 1.42 ± 0.20 ng/ml. The accumulation indexes for SA and DHSA were 1.21 and 1.11. The work reported here provides important information on the metabolism sites and pharmacokinetic character of SA. It explains the reasons for low toxicity of SA, which is useful for the evaluation of its performance. 相似文献
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Chlortetracycline in swine-bioavailability and pharmacokinetics in fasted and fed pigs 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
C. R. KILROY W. F. HALL D. P. BANE R. F. BEVILL G. D. KORITZ 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1990,13(1):49-58
Chlortetracycline hydrochloride was administered intra-arterially (11 mg/kg) and as an oral drench (33 mg/kg) to ten 21.0-31.5-kg pigs. Five of the pigs were fasted 18 h prior to dosing and five of the pigs were fed ad libitum prior to dosing. The mean volume of distribution determined by area-under-the-curve calculations for the fasted pigs (0.967 +/- 0.210 l/kg) was significantly less (P less than 0.05) than the mean volume of distribution for the fed pigs (1.39 +/- 0.31 l/kg). Mean total body clearance of the drug was also significantly less (P less than 0.05) in the fasted pigs (0.165 +/- 0.055 l/kg/h) as compared to the fed pigs (0.307 +/- 0.053 l/kg/h). The elimination constants (beta) were not found to be statistically different (P less than 0.05): 0.1811 +/- 0.0057 for the fasted pigs; 0.2260 +/- 0.0461 for the fed pigs. The bioavailability for both groups was similar; 19.12 +/- 8.3% for the fasted pigs and 17.88 +/- 5.3% for the fed pigs. In a second experiment three groups of six pigs which weighed 34.5-44.1 kg were fed a corn-soy diet ad libitum. The rations were fortified with chlortetracycline at 100, 400 or 1000 mg chlortetracycline hydrochloride/kg feed. Chlortetracycline concentrations were determined in plasma samples collected over a 6-day period. Plasma chlortetracycline concentrations reach a plateau within 24 h after initial access to the trial diets and were highly correlated with the dose of the drug consumed (r2 = 0.97). 相似文献
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2005年如果没有年底的禽流感疫情,对于我国蛋鸡、肉鸡生产来说应该是一个非常完美的丰收年,是哪些因素导致了2005年蛋鸡市场如此好的行情?2006年我国家禽市场又将走向何方?……作者对以上热点问题进行了深入分析研究,供读者参考。 相似文献
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b. bengtsson s-o. jacobsson j. luthman & a. franklin 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1997,20(4):258-261
Concentrations of penicillin-G in serum were determined after single intravenous doses of potassium penicillin-G (10 mg/kg body wt) to ewes and cows in late pregnancy and in early lactation. Penicillin-G in serum was analysed by a microbiological method and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by model-independent methods. Serum concentrations were lower in early lactation than in late pregnancy in both ewes and cows. The differences were statistically significant at most sampling times in ewes but only during the first hour in cows.
Weight corrected values of clearance and volume of distribution were significantly higher in early lactation than in late pregnancy in both ewes and cows. Mean residence time and elimination-half life were shorter in lactating than in pregnant ewes, however for the latter parameter the difference was not statistically significant. Neither of these parameters changed in cows.
It is concluded that in both ewes and cows pharmacokinetic parameters of penicillin-G are altered from late pregnancy to early lactation but that these changes have little practical impact and do not call for a revised dosage regime of the studied drug. 相似文献
Weight corrected values of clearance and volume of distribution were significantly higher in early lactation than in late pregnancy in both ewes and cows. Mean residence time and elimination-half life were shorter in lactating than in pregnant ewes, however for the latter parameter the difference was not statistically significant. Neither of these parameters changed in cows.
It is concluded that in both ewes and cows pharmacokinetic parameters of penicillin-G are altered from late pregnancy to early lactation but that these changes have little practical impact and do not call for a revised dosage regime of the studied drug. 相似文献
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Campos SG Cavaglieri LR Fernández Juri MG Dalcero AM Krüger C Keller LA Magnoli CE Rosa CA 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2008,92(3):377-383
Commercial feedstuffs are a basic element in modern pet husbandry in the world. In dogs, the effect of mycotoxins is severe and can lead to death. Few reports on the influence of dietary mycotoxins were found in the scientific literature. The aims of this work were to isolate and identify the mycoflora and to determine the aflatoxins (AFs) natural occurrence in raw materials and ready dry pet food. Therefore, the aflatoxigenic capacity of Aspergillus flavus species was investigated. Aspergillus was the prevalent genera (65-89%) followed by Penicillium and Fusarium spp. Aspergillus flavus was the most prevalent species, followed by Aspergillus sydowii, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus versicolor. Aspergillus flavus frequencies ranged from 58% to 86% except in sorghum meal. All samples assayed (except corn grains and ready pet food) showed Fusarium spp. contamination. Corn meal and corn meal and gluten samples had 100% Fusarium verticillioides. Fusarium graminearum was isolated from sorghum meal. Aspergillus flavus strains (75%) isolated from raw materials and 57% from pet food were able to produce AFs. All samples showed AFs contamination percentages over 70%; corn and sorghum meal obtained the highest AFs levels. Ready pet food did not show quantitative levels of the tested toxins. This is the first report of the aflatoxigenic capacity by A. flavus from Brazilian pet food. 相似文献