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1.
A dog was presented with mandibular paralysis, photophobia, and diffuse atrophy of the cranial skeletal muscles. Physical examination also revealed glossal paralysis, reduction of the swallowing reflex, reduction of the pupillary light response, and generalized lymphadenopathy. Cytologic and ultrastructural examinations of blood films, bone marrow, and lymph node aspirates were consistent with acute myelomonocytic leukemia. Post-mortem examination revealed extensive, multisystemic neoplastic infiltration with marked involvement of the central and peripheral nervous systems, especially the cranial and lumbar spinal nerves and associated ganglia. Neurologic manifestations are unusual in acute myelomonocytic leukemia in the dog. 相似文献
2.
Iwanaga T Miura N Miyoshi N Endo Y Momoi Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(7):909-912
A cat was presented with severe progressive anemia despite marked erythroblastosis. The cat was negative for feline leukemia virus antigen and feline immunodeficiency virus antibody. Bone marrow cytology revealed an excess of erythroid cells with a predominance of prorubricytes and basophilic rubricytes. No response to immunosuppressive therapy was obtained, and a tentative diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome was made. The cat showed a partial response to low-dose cytarabine (20 mg/m(2) subcutaneously q24) but died 51 days after the 1st admission. Histopathological examination revealed fibrosis in the bone marrow and marked infiltration of erythroid cells into other organs. 相似文献
3.
Sykes JE Weiss DJ Buoen LC Blauvelt MM Hayden DW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(2):162-166
Three Rottweilers with marked peripheral eosinophilia and infiltration of the liver, spleen, lungs, and bone marrow with eosinophils were diagnosed with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (IHES). Mean serum immunoglobulin E concentrations were markedly high. On cytogenetic analysis, no evidence of karyotypic abnormalities was found in bone marrow aspirates. Despite an extensive search, no underlying cause for the eosinophilia could be identified. In this study, cytogenetic analysis and measurement of serum IgE concentrations were used to differentiate IHES and eosinophilic leukemia. 相似文献
4.
Hikasa Y Morita T Futaoka Y Sato K Shimada A Kagota K Matsuda H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2000,62(2):187-190
An unusual case diagnosed as connective tissue-type mast cell leukemia with marked mastocyte infiltration into visceral organs in a seven-year-old female Curly-Coated retriever is presented. Acute circulatory collapse, emesis, diarrhea, abdominal enlargement, icterus, cyanosis, dyspnea, pulmonary edema, hepatomegary, ascites, and right ventricular enlargement were observed. Hematologic and biochemical examinations revealed mast cell leukemia, mature neutrophilia, monocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia, hyperhistaminemia, renal and hepatic injuries. Mast cells were distributed systemically, but predominantly in the diaphragm and liver with a large mass among the serosa of ileum, cecum and colon. Mast cells were stained intensely by both safranin and berberine sulfate. 相似文献
5.
The clinical, clinicopathological and pathological findings in three cats with hypereosinophilic syndrome are described. The cats chosen for the study had marked eosinophilia and evidence of tissue infiltration by eosinophils. Necropsies were performed on two cats, biopsy and blood samples were provided for the third cat. At necropsy, there was diffuse reddening of femoral bone marrow with ulceration and thickening of the duodenum. The livers had an enhanced lobular pattern with multiple, white, 1-3 mm nodules throughout the parenchyma. One cat had splenomegaly and the other had several enlarged, white, firm lymph nodes. Histopathologically, there was eosinophil infiltration of intestine, lymph nodes, liver, spleen, adrenal medulla and beneath the endocardium. Ultrastructurally, the eosinophils from lymph node and bone marrow of cat II were morphologically normal. The rigid criteria for eosinophilic leukemia were not fulfilled by these cases and the etiology of the eosinophilia in each case is not known. Possible pathogenic mechanisms are discussed. 相似文献
6.
Cassia H. Z. Hare Joy Archer Emilie Cloup Marie‐Aude Genain Katherine Hughes Katie E. McCallum Lisa Alves 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(2):856-861
A 1‐year, 8‐month‐old Rhodesian Ridgeback was presented with obtundation, ambulatory tetraparesis, and myoclonus. Initial clinical findings included ionized hypercalcemia with an apparent marked increase in parathyroid hormone, thrombocytopenia, and nonregenerative anemia. Low numbers of circulating atypical cells were noted on blood film evaluation. Brain magnetic resonance imaging identified an extra‐axial contrast enhancing subtentorial lesion, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis documented a marked atypical lymphocytic pleocytosis. Flow cytometry performed on the CSF demonstrated expression of only CD45, CD90, and MHC class II, with Pax5 positivity on subsequent immunohistochemistry. The final diagnosis was of B‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma or acute leukemia, given the distribution of disease and the presence of significant bone marrow infiltration alongside an aggressive clinical course. The unusual immunophenotype of the neoplastic cells and hypercalcemia presented antemortem diagnostic challenges, highlighting the need for a multidisciplinary approach and caution in the interpretation of clinical abnormalities in cases with multiple comorbidities. 相似文献
7.
Monocytic leukemia in a horse 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
On clinical examination, a six-year-old Hassian gray gelding with a history of impaired performance, slight cough, colic, and edema of the ventral abdomen, prepuce and the legs had reduced skin turgor, pale mucous membranes, forced costoabdominal breathing, reduced venous return, enlarged lymph nodes, and splenomegaly. Hematologic findings revealed anemia, leukocytosis and a high percentage of monocytoid leukemic cells. Generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, ascites, hydrothorax, and a diffusely thickened gut wall were found at necropsy. Massive infiltration with monocytoid leukemic cells was detected in lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, liver, gut wall, kidneys, and choroid plexus. Incubation of living cells obtained from a leukocyte concentrate with latex particles revealed phagocytosis in the leukemic cells on light and electron microscopy. The leukemic cells also had a marked alpha-naphthyl-acetate and naphthol-AS-acetate esterase activity, but were only weakly positive to naphthol-AS-D-chloroacetate esterase. A very weak alkaline phosphatase activity only was demonstrated in a few leukemic cells. On scanning electron microscopy, the leukemic cells had prominent ruffles and ridge-like profiles. These features of the leukemic cells excluded lymphocytic and granulocytic leukemia, and monocytic leukemia was diagnosed. 相似文献
8.
A 6-mo-old male Savannah monitor lizard (Varanus exanthematicus) was presented for lethargy and anorexia of 7 days duration. Physical examination revealed a slightly raised subcutaneous mass (1 cm diameter) in the left scapular area. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the mass revealed a population of immature, pleomorphic lymphoid cells consistent with lymphosarcoma. A hemogram indicated marked leukocytosis (465,000 cells/microl) characterized by extreme lymphocytosis and many circulating lymphoid blast cells. The lizard was euthanized at the owner's request. Necropsy revealed severe hepatomegaly and multiple raised, ulcerated mural masses in the gastrointestinal tract. There were many raised, poorly demarcated tan foci in all the parenchymal organs. Histopathologic examination confirmed infiltration of all parenchymal organs by neoplastic lymphoid cells. Transmission electron microscopic examination failed to identify viruses within the neoplastic cells. A literature review revealed few reports of squamate leukemia and lymphosarcoma and none in Savannah monitor lizards. 相似文献
9.
Serum biochemical analyses were done on F344 rats in the early and late stages of mononuclear cell leukemia. There were marked increases in serum bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase. Increases in these parameters generally were more severe in the late stages of leukemia. Both direct and indirect-reacting bilirubin were increased with the unconjugated form predominating early and the conjugated form predominating late in the course of the disease. Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme determination correlated with histological examination indicated that liver damage was responsible for the observed changes. Urinalysis revealed marked hemoglobinuria, bilirubinuria and increased urine urobilinogen. Serum protein electrophoresis revealed marked reductions in the alpha globulin fractions. 相似文献
10.
Pathological evaluations were done in 205 rats with mononuclear cell leukemia. Leukemia was diagnosed in 22.2% of males and 20.4% of females with significant risk beginning at 20 months of age. Mononuclear cell leukemia was responsible for 50% of early deaths in two-year studies. Clinically, rats became depressed, pale, icteric and had palpably enlarged spleens. Gross lesions included splenomegaly, enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes, and mottled livers. Hemorrhages occurred in the lungs, brain, and lymph nodes. Histological examination demonstrated that spleen and liver were most consistently and seriously involved, although numerous other organs contained leukemic infiltrates of variable severity. Spleens exhibited diffuse leukemic infiltration of the red pulp, follicular lymphoid depletion, and decrease in both extramedullary hematopoiesis and hemosiderin. Liver lesions consisted of diffuse centrilobular degeneration and necrosis. Erythrophagocytosis by tumor cells was common in the spleen and observed in liver, lymph nodes, and adrenals. The disease appeared to originate in the spleen. Bone marrow infiltration occurred late relative to spleen involvement and was present in less than half of the rats. 相似文献
11.
Complete hemograms were evaluated for 57 rats with mononuclear cell leukemia and compared to hemograms obtained from 52 age- and sex-matched nonleukemic rats. All leukemic rats had marked hemolytic anemia and associated spherocytosis, reticulocytosis, anisocytosis, and polychromasia. The anemia varied with the stage of illness and was more severe in rts with advanced leukemia. Death appeared to be related to anemia. There was a marked neutrophilia with left shift, mild lymphopenia, and moderate to severe thrombocytopenia. Atypical mononuclear cells were detected in circulation in all but three rats. Total white blood cell counts ranged from 5.0-370 x 10(3) cells/ml. There was an increase in erythrocyte osmotic fragility with separation into two distinct populations of erythrocytes. Eight of nine rats were Coombs' positive indicating an immune-mediated pathogenesis for the anemia. Hemostasis tests revealed a markedly prolonged prothrombin time, hypofibrinogenemia, slightly increased to normal partial thromboplastin time, and undetected fibrin degradation products. These findings suggest significant liver disease associated with the leukemia. 相似文献
12.
Ledieu D Palazzi X Marchal T Fournel-Fleury C 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2005,34(1):52-56
A 7-year-old, intact male Dachshund was presented to the Lyon veterinary school for lethargy and anorexia of several weeks duration. The main clinical signs were pale and icteric mucous membranes, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy. Results of a CBC and plasma biochemistry tests revealed severe nonregenerative anemia, thrombocytopenia, and increased alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities. Blood smear evaluation and cytologic examination of lymph node and bone marrow aspirate specimens revealed a large population of poorly differentiated blast cells with morphologic features suggesting megakaryocytic lineage. A low number of well-differentiated but dysplastic megakaryocytes also were observed in lymph node and bone marrow smears. A few blast cells were erythrophagocytic. Blast cells were positive for glycoprotein IIIa, factor VIII-related antigen, and factor XIII using immunocytochemistry. The dog was euthanized and necropsied. Histologic findings consisted of diffuse, massive infiltration of lymph nodes, liver, and spleen by megakaryoblasts and atypical megakaryocytes, with widespread thrombosis. This case confirms the usefulness of immunochemistry, including for factor XIII, in the diagnosis of megakaryoblastic leukemia, and demonstrates the unique features of tumor cell erythrophagocytosis and marked fibrinous thrombosis, which have not been reported previously in dogs. 相似文献
13.
Takahashi T Otani I Okuda M Inoue M Ito K Sakai M Koie H Yamaya Y Watari T Sato T Kanayama K Tokuriki M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(6):677-681
An 8-year-old spayed female Golden Retriever was referred to us for evaluation of mild lymphocytosis. The peripheral lymphocytes were comprised of mostly large granular lymphocytes (LGLs), and flow cytometry showed that they were mostly CD3+8+ T lymphocytes. Clonal rearrangement of the T-cell receptor gene was identified in the peripheral blood, and the dog was therefore diagnosed with LGL chronic leukemia. The dog was subclinical without treatment until hospitalization on day 154, at which point the lymphocytes looked like lymphoblasts and the surface markers changed to CD3-8-. This was regarded as malignant transformation from LGL chronic leukemia to the acute type. Sequential chemotherapy was started, but the dog died on day 190. Necropsy revealed tumor cell infiltration into the heart, skin, and brain. 相似文献
14.
Using erythrocyte volume distribution histograms (erythrograms), erythrocyte macrocytosis and anisocytosis were quantitated in 139 cats tested for feline leukemia virus group-specific antigen. Feline leukemia virus-negative cats with non-regenerative anemia or normal packed cell volumes had normal mean corpuscular volume values. Uninfected cats with regenerative anemia had prominent significantly increased macrocytosis and anisocytosis (p less than 0.01). Ninety percent of 62 feline leukemia virus-positive cats had altered erythrograms. Thirty-three feline leukemia virus-positive cats with non-regenerative anemia had marked macrocytosis. Their mean corpuscular volume values (mean 60 fl +/- 2 fl standard error, reference range of 37-49 fl) were significantly greater than those of feline leukemia virus-negative cats except for those with regenerative anemia. Feline leukemia virus-positive, non-anemic cats had significantly increased mean corpuscular volume values of intermediate magnitude. Nine adult cats experimentally infected with feline leukemia virus developed non-regenerative anemia with significant increases in mean corpuscular volume and anisocytosis. However, the macrocytosis observed in these cats was considerably less than in naturally occurring feline leukemia virus-positive cats with non-regenerative anemia. These observations indicate there are events in the pathogenesis of feline leukemia virus-associated anemia other than simple erythroid hypoplasia. We suggest that hemolysis and erythrocyte regeneration occur before erythroid hypoplasia and may partially account for macrocytosis observed in the face of non-regenerative anemia. 相似文献
15.
16.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia was diagnosed in 22 dogs. Diagnosis was based primarily on detection of lymphocytosis and bone marrow infiltration with small lymphocytes similar to those seen in the blood. More than 50% of the dogs had monoclonal gammopathy, and, of these, 40% had monoclonal light-chain (Bence Jones) proteinuria. Hyperviscosity syndrome was observed occasionally. Most dogs were treated with chemotherapy. For the 17 dogs treated greater than or equal to 30 days, the survival times ranged from 30 to 1,000 days. 相似文献
17.
Cruz Cardona JA Milner R Alleman AR Williams C Vernau W Breen M Tompkins M 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2011,40(1):40-47
A 9-year-old female spayed mixed breed dog was evaluated at the University of Florida Small Animal Hospital for marked leukocytosis with no associated clinical signs. CBC abnormalities included marked leukocytosis (106,000/μL), marked monocytosis (78,000/μL), and the presence of 13% blast cells (13,832/μL), supporting a diagnosis of leukemia. Cytopenias and dysplastic changes in other cell lines were not present. Microscopic examination of bone marrow showed hypercellular uniparticles with a marginal increase in frequency of unclassified blast cells (2%), but was otherwise unremarkable. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping of blood cells determined that leukemic cells were CD45(+) , CD14(+) , and CD34(-) , and based on side scatter and CD45 reactivity the marrow contained 19% monoblasts. By immunocytochemical staining, the leukemic cells in the bone marrow were CD11b(+) , CD11c(+) , CD11d(+) , MHC-II(+) , MPO(+) , and CD34(-) . Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of peripheral blood leukocytes documented a chromosomal translocation producing a BCR-ABL gene hybrid, similar to the "Philadelphia" chromosome abnormality recognized in human chronic myelogenous leukemia, as well as a phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene deletion. Hydroxyurea therapy was attempted, but was ineffective; the dog died 7 months after initial presentation. Clinical and laboratory findings and the protracted course supported a diagnosis of chronic monocytic leukemia (CMoL) and, to our knowledge, this is the first case of CMoL with a BCR-ABL chromosomal abnormalitiy described in dogs. This may have clinical implications for treatment of dogs with chronic leukemias associated with particular genetic mutations. However, more case studies are needed to further characterize this disease. 相似文献
18.
Tetsuya SHIMODA Mika TANABE Yuuki SHOJI Takuya KANDA Kouhei KISHIDA Ai KISHIDA Atsushi HASHIMOTO Mako OTSUKA Akina MIYAMOTO Tomoko KAWAKITA Wataru OSHITA Reijiro HIRAO Akihisa SUWA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(2):251
A cat was presented with depression and anorexia. The complete blood cell count (CBC) revealed non-regenerative anemia (PCV, 8.5%), marked thrombocytopenia (2,400/µl), and leukocytosis (32,090/µl). In the peripheral blood, proliferation of blast cells (85%; 27,276/µl) and basophils (7.7%; 2,460/µl) was observed. Bone marrow aspirate showed hyperplasia with 8.8% blasts and 90.2% basophils of all nucleated cells. The blast cells were negative for myeloperoxidase staining and positive for alpha-naphthol butyrate esterase staining, indicating the agranular blasts are monoblasts. Thus, acute monoblastic leukemia (M5a) with chronic basophilic leukemia was diagnosed. Basophils accounted for more than 40% of the bone marrow, and we diagnosed secondary basophilic leukemia. Secondary basophilic leukemia should be included in the differential list when abnormal basophil increases are observed in feline bone marrow. 相似文献
19.
Mahapokai W van den Ingh TS van Mil F van Garderen E Schalken JA Mol JA van Sluijs FJ 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2001,78(3-4):297-303
We induced prostatic enlargement in castrated dogs using either androgen alone or androgen combined with estrogen. In addition to previously reported hyperplastic changes, marked infiltration with immune effector cells was observed. This mononuclear cell infiltrate was phenotypically characterized using CD3 as pan T-lymphocyte marker, CD79 for B-lymphocytes, MAC378 for macrophages, and antibodies against kappa- and lambda-immunoglobulin (Ig) light chains for plasma cells. The majority of inflammatory cells (>80%) in the mononuclear infiltrates were T-lymphocytes and the numbers correlated with the degree of inflammation. The B-lymphocytes were found particularly in areas with marked follicular formation and diffuse infiltration, whereas there were only a few positive cells (<10%) in areas with a moderate or slight inflammation. Macrophages were found primarily in areas with atrophic and cystic changes with and without inflammation. The expression of lambda-Ig-positive cells depended on the degree of inflammation (5-10%), whereas immunoreactivity of kappa-Ig did not correlate with the extent of inflammatory reaction. Our present findings together with the evaluation of longitudinal biopsies of hormonally-induced BPH indicate that hyperplasia preceded cell-mediated and humoral immune response. 相似文献
20.
14C cypermethrin applied topically to the dorsal surface of sheep moved radially across the skin within the stratum corneum of the epidermis at a rate which exceeded 11 cm h-1. This spread was accompanied by some dermal infiltration which was most marked at the site of application. 相似文献