共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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应用地统计学结合地理信息系统研究了广东省东莞市森林表层土壤（0～25 cm）有机质、全氮、全钾、全磷和pH值等5种土壤肥力指标的空间变异规律。研究表明：全磷、全钾、有机质、全氮为中等变异;pH值属于弱变异;全钾、pH值的变异函数曲线的理论模型符合球状模型,有机质、全氮、全磷适用模型为指数模型;全磷、全钾、有机质、pH值具有中等空间相关性,全氮的空间相关性较弱;5种肥力指标的空间自相关范围存在明显差异,变化范围为2218～19297 m。用普通克立格法进行最优内插,得各肥力指标含量分布图,并分析了各土壤肥力指标的分布状态。 相似文献
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通过测定土壤有机质、全氮、水解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量、土壤pH值等指标,研究竹阔混交林的土壤化学性质.结果表明:A、B、C三种类型(毛竹与落叶阔叶树混交)较好,0～40 cm土层土壤有机质、全氮、水解氮、速效磷、速效钾和pH值分别比毛竹纯林增加29.6％,9.1％,10.4％,31.7％,26.8％和3.9％,土壤养分状况有明显改善,土壤肥力大大提高;毛竹与常绿阔叶树混交及毛竹纯林较差,两者趋于一致.由此可见,适当的竹阔混交有利于土壤地力的维持. 相似文献
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【目的】研究林分空间结构对土壤养分含量的影响,揭示影响土壤养分含量的主导空间结构因子,为以改善森林土壤养分含量为目标的森林空间结构优化措施的制定提供理论依据。【方法】以中亚热带人工针叶纯林、人工阔叶纯林、人工阔叶混交林、人工针阔混交林、天然次生林和竹林6种典型林分为研究对象,在比较其空间结构与土壤养分含量差异的基础上,运用Pearson相关系数、多元线性回归分析和典型相关分析法分析林分空间结构对土壤养分含量的影响。【结果】天然次生林的林分空间结构在整体上最优,其土壤有机质和氮磷含量也最高,其他5种人工林分的空间结构和土壤有机质、氮磷钾含量的优劣排序随着指标的改变而改变,没有呈现出规律性;Pearson相关分析表明林分混交度、角尺度和林层指数均与土壤有机质、全氮和有效磷含量显著正相关(P0. 05);多元线性逐步回归结果显示混交度和林层指数是影响土壤有机质和有效磷含量的主导因子,而影响土壤全氮含量的林分空间结构主导因子只有混交度;典型相关分析表明第一组典型变量的相关系数为0. 951,属于强相关(P0. 01),说明林分空间结构与土壤养分整体上相关程度极显著;典型载荷分析进一步表明在对土壤养分的整体影响力上,混交度和林层指数起着决定作用。【结论】从数量有限的样地调查结果来看,研究地点的林分空间结构显著地影响着土壤养分含量,对土壤有机质、有效磷含量及土壤养分整体水平起决定作用的均是混交度和林层指数,而对土壤全氮含量水平起决定作用的只有混交度。因此,欲提高土壤有机质、有效磷含量水平或土壤养分含量整体水平,应采用调整林分树种结构和林层结构的综合经营措施;而要提高土壤全氮含量,只需选择调整树种结构的经营措施。 相似文献
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【目的】阐明桃树果园短期自然生草条件下土壤水分空间分布特征及其与草地地上生物量的关系。【方法】以信阳沙壤土五月鲜桃园为研究对象,在冬春季短期自然生草条件下,采用1 m×1 m网格采样法,以经典统计学和地统计学半方差函数为工具,研究表层(0~5 cm)土壤水分和草地地上生物量空间分布特征。【结果】表层(0~5 cm)土壤含水量和地上草地生物量符合正态分布,平均体积含水量为10.08%,95%置信区间为9.84%~10.32%,变异系数为16.36%,0.2 m×0.2 m草地地上生物量均值为9.17 g,变异系数为56.71%。区域田块尺度上,自然生草桃园草地地上生物量和表层(0~5 cm)土壤水分空间分布均符合指数函数模型,模型块金值/基台值分别为0.477 3和0.499 8,变程分别为7.20和2.51。即二者均具有中等程度的空间依赖性,草地地上生物量较表层(0~5 cm)土壤含水量具有更强的空间依赖性。克里格插值结果表明,表层(0~5 cm)土壤含水量和草地地上生物量空间上呈斑块状分布,且表现为距离树体越远值越大的分布特征。相关分析结果表明,地上生物量与表层(0~5 cm)土壤含水量之间极显著正相关(P<0.001)。【结论】果园短期自然生草有利于保蓄表层土壤水分,改善土壤水分条件,草地地上生物量是影响果园表层土壤水分空间分布的重要因素。 相似文献
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小兴安岭谷地云冷杉林土壤酶活性的异质性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用传统统计学与地统计学相结合的方法对小兴安岭谷地不同死亡程度云冷杉林表层土壤（0~20cm）酶活性空间异质性和格局进行研究。结果表明：①土壤脲酶变异函数曲线的理论模型符合线性模型,土壤转化酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶的理论模型符合指数模型或球状模型。②土壤酶活性各项指标的空间变异主要是由结构性因素引起,土壤碱性磷酸酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性指标的空间自相关程度均属较强以上（空间结构比均在75%以上）,土壤转化酶为中等（空间结构比均在25%以上）,土壤脲酶在较弱到中等之间变化。③云冷杉林表层土壤过氧化氢酶的自相关范围最大（0.58~3.08 m）,转化酶和碱性磷酸酶分别为1.41~3.98 m和0.91~4.29 m,而土壤脲酶自相关范围最小（15.426~16.673 m）。④土壤转化酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性的空间格局明显,土壤转化酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和土壤脲酶的分数维分别为1.930~1.990,1.910~1.986,1.923~1.997和1.936~1.970。 相似文献
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利用统计分析和GIS空间分析模块初步分析了舟山市岱山本岛土壤pH、有机质含量、全氮含量3个土壤性质指标的空间变异特征,揭示这些指标空间变异的主要影响因素,并利用克立格插值法生成三者含量的空间分布图.结果表明:土壤表层pH、有机质、全氮含量变异系数分别为0.11、0.13和0.54,存在中等程度的变异性,且三者空间分布条带状或斑块状分布明显.土壤有机质和全氮含量相关系数达到极显著水平(P＜0.01),两者空间分布格局具有相似性;研究区土壤表层pH、有机质、全氮空间变异性主要受到植被分布、土壤类型、地形等因素的影响,土壤有机质含量空间变异性受植被因素影响明显. 相似文献
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基于GIS与地统计学原理,使用ArcGIS地统计分析模块研究了湖南省青石冈林场土壤(0~60 cm)pH值、有机质、水解性氮、全氮、全磷和全钾空间变异情况。结果表明:实验区土壤为酸性,pH值为4.36,有机质、水解性氮、全氮、全磷和全钾平均含量依次为20.47 g/kg、206.41 mg/kg、1.02 g/kg、0.32 g/kg和11.80 g/kg,该地区pH值变异系数最小,属于小变异,其他土壤养分变异系数在35%以上,为高度变异,变异强度为全钾(72.26%)>有机质(68.96%)全氮(66.96%)>全磷(47.06%)>水解性氮(37.16%)。全钾(49.58%)>全氮(46.08%)>水解性氮(40.09%)>全磷(35.38/%)>有机质(33.85%);半方差最优模型拟合分析表明,全氮、全钾的分布符合指数模型,pH值和水解性氮符合高斯模型,有机质符合球状模型,全磷符合有理二次函数模型;从空间结构特征看,pH值和全钾表现出强烈的空间相关性,其变异主要由地形、土壤母质、气候等自然因素(结构性因素)引起,有机质、全氮和全磷表现出中等空间相关性,主要是结构因素及随机因素共同影响造成,而水解性氮空间相关性很弱,表明随机因素对其空间分布的贡献较大;土壤养分的空间分布特征:有机质、全氮、水解性氮和全磷整体分布趋势比较相似,水解性氮的分布情况相对简单,等值线与等高线基本平行,但5种养分均在低海拔富集,有机质和全氮的分布图零碎,受人为及外界干扰明显。采用克里格插值方法进行最优内插,绘制了养分含量分布图,可更直观地了解县域的土壤养分丰缺状况,为土壤可持续利用、次生林的恢复与重建提供科学依据。 相似文献
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笔者采用样方法,选取植物组成、地上生物量、高度、盖度、腐殖质层厚度、土壤容重、0 cm～20 cm土层温度、相对湿度、pH值以及氮、磷、钾等指标,对山西省关帝山国有林管理局东葫芦林场草地修复前后的生态状况进行研究。结果表明,修复后草地的种群密度、优势度指数、多样性指数和丰富度指数均高于修复前,地上生物量平均增加了21.5 g/m2,土壤最大持水量和毛管持水量分别增加了24.61%和32.69%,非毛管孔隙度和毛管孔隙度分别增加了59.16%和33.01%,土壤中速效氮、磷、钾的含量均有不同程度的提高。通过各项草地修复措施,改善了东葫芦林场草地的生境条件和群落结构,提高了草地的生物量和土壤质量。 相似文献
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对轻、中、强等不同侵蚀程度和长期封禁的林地芒箕生长和土壤微生物区系进行调查分析的结果表明：芒箕的盖度、密度、高生长、生物量等都随着侵蚀程度的加重而呈下降趋势,长期封禁林地的芒箕生长最好,盖度达96％,密度为452株／m^2,平均高86cm,生物量10577kg／hm^2,较轻度、中度、强度侵蚀地增加了0．5—2．3、1．4～7．1、0．8～2．0、2．3～7．4倍,强度侵蚀地芒箕生长差,盖度仅29％,密度56株／m^2,平均高18cm。生物量为1256kg／hm^2。土壤侵蚀程度增加,芒箕地上部分生物量比例降低,根量和根冠比增大,土壤微生物数量减少。侵蚀地土壤细菌占43．0％-45．6％,真菌28．3％-35．2％,放线菌21．0％-26．4％,氨化、亚硝化、硝化细菌少,有一定数量的纤维分解菌和磷细菌,好气性自生固氮菌多。不同侵蚀土壤中的微生物组成和数量的变化与相应林地的芒箕生长变化趋势一致。 相似文献
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Rui-Li WANG Rui-Mei CHENG Wen-Fa XIAO Xiao-Hui FENG Ze-Bin LIU Xiao-Rong WANG Zhi-Bo WANG 《中国林学(英文版)》2013,15(1):13-23
Environmental heterogeneity is a constant presence in the natural world that significantly affects plant behavior at a variety of levels of complexity. In order to estimate the spatial pattern of fine root biomass in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, the spatial heterogeneity of fine root biomass in the upper layer of soils (0-10 cm) in three Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) stands in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China, was studied in 30 m × 30 m plots with geostatistical analysis. The results indicate that 1) both the live and dead fine root biomass of stand 2 were less than those of other stands, 2) the spatial variation of fine roots in the three stands was caused together by structural and random factors with moderate spatial dependence and 3) the magnitude of spatial heterogeneity of live fine roots ranked as: stand 3 > stand 1 > stand 2, while that of dead fine roots was similar in the three stands. These findings suggested that the range of spatial autocorrelation for fine root biomass varied considerably in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, while soil properties, such as soil bulk density, organic matter and total nitrogen, may exhibit great effect on the spatial distribution of fine roots. Finally, we express our hope to be able to carry out further research on the quantitative relationship between the spatial heterogeneous patterns of plant and soil properties. 相似文献
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Mario Fontana Michel Labrecque Christian Messier François Courchesne Nicolas Bélanger 《New Forests》2017,48(6):817-835
Soil and climatic conditions for optimizing aboveground biomass yields of bioenergy short rotation coppices (SRCs) of Salix are not well elucidated. The objective of this study was to identify and quantify the limitations induced by soil and climate, and compare the magnitude of their effects, on annual aboveground yields across ten SRCs of Salix miyabeana SX67 in Quebec, Canada. The effects of weather variation between years on yields were also tested within locations. In five plots per SRC, soil bulk density, particle size, exchangeable cations and bulk composition were analysed, and moisture deficits were estimated using leaf δ13C. For each location, numerous weather variables were simulated for spring, summer and the whole growing season. Climate was calculated by averaging weather variables for growing seasons for which annual yields were available. Annual aboveground biomass yields were modelled using linear regression, partitioning of the variance and mixed models with soil, weather and climate variables as predictors. Across SRCs, silt content, soil organic matter, pH, exchangeable Ca and Mg, and total N and Zn were significantly and positively related to aboveground yields (adj. R 2 ranging from 0.38 to 0.79). Generally, annual yields were negatively related to summer temperature within SRCs (adj. R 2 = 0.92) and drought across SRCs (adj. R 2 = 0.54). Partitioning of the variance revealed that soil variables (~80%) had a greater effect on productivity than did climate variables (~10%). In fact, soil properties buffered or exacerbated water shortages and, thus, had a preponderant effect on yield. 相似文献
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《Forest Ecology and Management》2005,217(1):117-125
Microbial biomass, organic carbon, total nitrogen, and microbial quotient (MBC/Corg) in soil were determined during the secondary forest succession in north Ziwulin region in the middle of Loess Plateau, China. The results showed that with secondary forest succession organic carbon (Corg), total nitrogen (TN), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and N (MBN) in soil increased quickly, and tended to be the highest contents under SF17 (17-year secondary forest), after that they decreased and gradually remained at quite a constant level, suggesting that accumulations of organic C, total N, MBC and MBN in soil occurred mainly at the early succession stages (before SF17). Soil microbial biomass was markedly correlated with the organic carbon and total nitrogen content of soil (p < 0.01), Furthermore, microbial quotient showed significant correlation not only with MBC and organic C, but also with succession duration during the secondary forest succession. Therefore, the results suggested that changes in microbial biomass in soil were relative not only to the quantity, but also to the quality of soil organic matter during secondary forest succession, and that changes in aboveground plant species during succession were critical to improve degradation soil physical, chemical and microbial properties in north Ziwulin of Loess Plateau, China. 相似文献
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为探索科学施肥模式,缓解园林绿地土壤肥力的退化,以油松为处理对象,研究了园林废弃物、化肥和腐熟鸡粪对园林绿地土壤理化性质的影响,结果表明:施肥能够显著降低土壤容重和pH,增加土壤毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度和总孔隙度,提高土壤有机质含量,土壤电导率(EC值)变化不显著。以穴施腐熟鸡粪效果最佳,在0~30 cm土层中,穴施鸡粪的土壤容重降低了9.56%,pH降低了4.93%。土壤毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度、总孔隙度和土壤有机质分别增加了6.25%、36.66%、12.03%和14.92%,有效改善了土壤环境,可以用于园林绿地建设和土壤的培肥。 相似文献
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The bamboo vinegar was used to produce organic calcium,and different concentrations of NaCl,CaCb and organic calcium solutions as deicer were sprayed evenly on the potted Cymbidium ensifoiium and collected soil, and the growth of C.ensifoiium was observed everyday,and the physical and chemical properties of soil were analyzed.The results indicate that all the 3 types of salt solutions had certain influence on C.ensifolium,while the organic calcium had less effect on C.ensifolium than NaCl and CaCl2,and both of NaCl and CaCl2 had little effect on the pH of soil while organic calcium increased greatly the pH of soil,and the organic matter and cationic exchange capacity of soil reduced,and the content of total N, P in soil also reduced while the apparent content of total K in soil increased.By above comparison,the effect of organic calcium made by bamboo vinegar on C.ensifolium and soil was less than that of NaCl and CaCl2,in addition smaller the concentration of salt solution was,less the effect of salt solution on C.ensifoliumand soil was. 相似文献
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内蒙古几个沙地土壤理化性状调查研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文对内蒙古科尔沁沙地、浑善达克沙地和库布齐沙漠土壤理化性质进行了调查研究。结果表明：在土壤0～60cm土层范围内,库布齐沙漠土壤容重平均为1．45g／cm^3,科尔沁沙地为1．50g／cm^3。科尔沁沙地各类土壤平均养分含量分别为：全氮0．042％,全磷0．018％,全钾2．706％,速效磷3．274mg／kg,速效钾35．190mg／kg,有机质9．095g／kg,pH值7．5;在库布齐沙漠：全氮0．014％,全磷0．035％,全钾1．808％,速效磷1．353mg／kg,速效钾67．360mg／kg,有机质平均含量为6．216g／kg,pH值为9;在浑善达克沙地：速效磷4．032mg／kg,速效钾67．247mg／kg,有机质含量为7．450g／kg,pH值为7．5。土壤微生物在沙地土壤养分循环过程中具有重要的作用,土壤真菌、放线菌、细菌平均数量在库布齐沙漠分别为：2．4×10^3个／g（土）、1．8×10^5个／g（土）和1．8×10^6个/g（土）;科尔沁沙地分别为：6．6×10^4个／g（土）、3．8×10^5个／g（土）、1．3×10^6个／g（土）。在土壤微生物群落结构中,细菌大约占73．5％-91．9％,放线菌约占7．8％-22．5％,真菌数量最小。土壤有机质含量是影响微生物数量的主要因子,二者间具有良好的线性相关关系。 相似文献
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