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1.
在４头装置长久性胃肠道瘘管和临时性颈静脉血管插管公绵羊研究表明，经十二指肠瘘管灌注半胱胺（８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重）后５ｄ内外周血液的血浆ＳＳ浓度降低３３．６８％（２３３．１±４．４ｐｇ／ｍｌ对１５４．６±＋５．２ｐｇ／ｍｌ，Ｐ＜０．０１）；胃泌素水平升高２３．９％（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＧＨ、胰岛素分别升高１２４．２％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和１４４．０８％（Ｐ＜０．０１）；Ｔ３、Ｔ４水平分别增加７１．８％（ｐ＜０．０１）和１７．５５％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；β－ＥＮＤ水平第３天升高５８．１１％（５７．２９±１．６９ｐｇ／ｍｌ对３２．４４±２．５０ｐｇ／ｍｌ，Ｐ＜０．０１），第５天回落（Ｐ＜０．ｍ）。本实验证明半胱胺可抑制反刍动物ＳＳ水平，使外周血液ＧＨ、胃泌素、胰岛素、Ｔ_３、Ｔ_４和β－ＥＮＤ水平均相应升高，提示促进了反刍动物的消化代谢水平。  相似文献   

2.
半胱胺对奶牛产奶量及血浆生长抑素、生长激素水平的影响   总被引：42，自引：1，他引：41  
选用１０ 头处于泌乳中期的荷斯坦牛进行自身对照试验。对照期饲喂基础日粮,试验期在基础日粮中添加半胱胺。每隔５ 天一次,剂量为１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ 体重,共喂３ 次。结果表明,试验期奶牛日产奶量比对照期提高７ ．６ ％ （ 对照期１４ ．５ ±３ ．９ｋｇ／ 头,试验期１５ ．６ ±４ ．３ｋｇ／ 头Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） ;奶牛采食量无明显变化,试验期饲料转化率比对照期明显提高（ 对照期０ ．３２ ±０ ．０１ ,试验期０ ．３０ ±０ ．０２ ,Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） ;与对照期相比,试验期奶牛血浆生长抑素（ＳＳ） 水平明显下降（ 对照期１ ．２１ ±０ ．３４ｎｇ／ｍｌ,试验期０ ．１４ ±０ ．０５ｎｇ／ｍｌ,Ｐ（ ＜ ０ ．０１） ,生长激素含量显著提高（ 对照期１ ．３３ ±０ ．２６ｎｇ／ｍｌ,试验期１ ．７７ ±０ ．２９ｎｇ／ｍｌ,Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） ;半胱胺对牛乳脂率无明显影响（ 对照期２ ．１６ ±０ ．５８ ,试验期２ ．５３ ±０ ．０６） 。以上结果表明,半胱胺能明显提高奶牛产奶量,而抑制体内生长抑素,提高内源性生长激素水平,可能为其主要的作用机制。  相似文献   

3.
口服半胱胺引起绵羊外周血液GH,IGF—1和SS激素的变化   总被引：16，自引：1，他引：15  
试验羊装置临时性颈静脉血管插管，采集血样，测定血液ＧＨ、ＩＧＦ－１和ＳＳ。结果，６日内外周血液中血浆ＧＨ浓度升高５６．２％（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＩＧＦ－１浓度升高４５．３％（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＳＳ浓度降低２２．７％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。本试验证明半胱胺制成颗粒饲料，经口服可通过瘤胃进入小肠吸收，抑制体内ＳＳ水平，使外周血液中ＧＨ、ＩＧＦ－１水平相应升高，同时胰岛素、Ｔ３、Ｔ４浓度也升高。结果提示半胱胺颗粒料经口服可促进反刍动物的生长。  相似文献   

4.
半胱胺对小鹅血浆中β-END和某些激素的影响   总被引：33，自引：1，他引：32  
选用２４只二月龄的杂交鹅（川白×太湖）,随机分成对照组（１２只）和试验组（１２只）。试验组于日粮中一次性添加半胱胺（１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ＢＷ）。处理后第三天从翅静脉采取血样。用ＲＩＡ双抗法测定其中的β－ＥＮＤ、ＩＧＦ－Ｉ和各种激素的含量。结果表明：试验组的ＳＳ含量较对照组低１９．６４％（Ｐ＜０．０５）、而ＧＨ、ＩＧＦ－Ｉ和β－ＥＮＤ含量较对照组分别高５０．００％（Ｐ＜０．０１）、６２．８０％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和４４．５５（Ｐ＜０．０５）;与对照组相比较,试验组的ＴＳＨ低３２．３２％（Ｐ＜０．０５）,Ｔ４下降１４．７２％（Ｐ＞０．０５）,而Ｔ３升高２６．８０％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。以上结果提示：半胱胺可能是通过降低鹅血液中ＳＳ含量,使β－ＥＮＤ、ＩＧＦ－Ｉ、ＧＨ和Ｔ３水平升高,从而促进了鹅的快速生长。  相似文献   

5.
饲粮中添加复合酶制剂(GXC)对仔猪消化机能的影响   总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17  
研究了木聚糖酶、β－葡聚糖酶和纤维素酶组成的复合酶制剂（ＧＸＣ）对５６日龄仔猪消化机能的影响。结果表明，在含３５％麦麸的饲粮中添加ＧＸＣ３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，使干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰分的表观消化率分别提高１１．２３％（Ｐ＜０．０１）、１０．４９％（Ｐ＜０．０１）、３０．８３％（Ｐ＜０．０１）、６６．１３％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和２９．４４％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；肠内容物粘度、粪中大肠杆菌数和腹泻频率分别降低２５．７７％（Ｐ＜０．０１）、８８．５１％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和７２．０３％（Ｐ＜０．０１）；胃、胰、小肠的相对重量分别降低９．４８％（Ｐ＜０．０５）、８．９４％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和７．２９％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；十二指肠内容物总蛋白水解酶和α－淀粉酶活性分别提高２０．９６％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和５．６６％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；小肠绒毛高度提高２２．９４％（Ｐ＜０．０１），且微绒毛较长，数量多，均匀一致。  相似文献   

6.
用添加２０ｍｇ／ｋｇＲａｃｔｏｐａｍｉｎｅ的饲粮饲喂纯种大约克肥育猪，发现半腱肌ＤＮＡ含量降低１４％（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＲＮＡ含量升高７．７％（Ｐ＜０．０１），背最长肌ＤＮＡ含量下降７％（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＲＮＡ上升５．５％（Ｐ＜０．０１），且两种肌肉中的ＲＮＡ／ＤＮＡ均呈升高趋势；背最长肌中酪氨酸、苏氨酸和蛋氨酸含量分别降低２５％（Ｐ＜０．０５）、９％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和１７％（Ｐ＜０．０５），而甘氨酸和丙氨酸含量分别上升１５％（Ｐ＜０．０５）和８％（Ｐ＜０．０５），肝组织中天冬氨酸和异亮氨酸分别提高１１．６％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和１２％（Ｐ＜０．０１）；此外背最长肌肌原纤维的降解系数（ＭＦＩ）明显降低，血清尿素氮下降１６．６％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。同时还发现Ｒａｃｔｏｐａｍｉｎｅ使皮下脂肪中异柠檬酸脱氢酶活力降低２７％（Ｐ＜０．０１），血清脂肪酶活力升高１２．２％（Ｐ＜０．０５），血清胆固醇降低２３．５％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。上述结果显示：Ｒａｃｔｏｐａｍｉｎｅ可促进体内蛋白质的合成和脂肪的分解，而抑制蛋白质的降解和脂肪的合成  相似文献   

7.
人工瘤胃中半胱胺的稳定性及其对瘤胃发酵的影响   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  
在人工瘤胃中半胱胺具有较高的稳定性，培养２４ｈ后，可检测到初始浓度的７４．３％，实验还发现，实验组的总脱氢酶活力较对照组显著提高，ＮＨ３－Ｎ浓度降低２８．６９％（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＭＣＰ浓度提高９．０７％（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＴＶＦＡ浓度较对照升高，２５．５６％（Ｐ〈０．０５），同时，乙酸比例升高，丙酸比例降低，结果表明半胱胺可影响瘤胃微生物的活动及其区系结构。  相似文献   

8.
将８０只３０日龄红布罗鸡随机分为４组，半胱胺（ｃｙｓｔｅａｍｉｎｅ，ＣＳ）的添加量分别为０（对照）、１００、１５０、２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重。至５８日龄称重、宰杀、颈静脉采血，并用放免法对血液生长抑素（ＳＳ）和生长激素（ＧＨ）含量进行分析。结果：（１）与对照组相比，ＣＳ１００组净增重提高６．２％（Ｐ＜０．０５），其它剂量组增重无明显变化；（２）口服ＣＳ不改变仔鸡采食量，但饲料转化率ＣＳ１００、ＣＳ１５０、ＣＳ２００组分别提高５．７％、３．３％、６．３％；（３）与对照组相比，ＣＳ１００、ＣＳ１５０、ＣＳ２００组的血液ＳＳ含量分别下降７０．７％（Ｐ＜０．０５）、７６．２％（Ｐ＜０．０２５）和７６．１％（Ｐ＜０．０１），但ＧＨ水平只在ＣＳ１００组有明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），结果提示ＣＳ对仔鸡的作用同哺乳动物一样也呈现剂量依赖性  相似文献   

9.
日粮能量和蛋白水平对肉鸡腹脂和血脂的影响   总被引：29，自引：2，他引：29  
对７０８只（公、母各半）５～９周龄黄羽肉鸡进行３个代谢能水平（１３．４,１２．５,１１．６ＭＪ／ｋｇ）和３个粗蛋白水平（２２．４％,１９．４％,１６．４％）交叉的饲养试验,以探讨日粮代谢能和粗蛋白水平时黄羽肉鸡腹脂和血脂水平的影响。日粮代谢能和粗蛋白水平对腹脂有明显影响,腹脂随日粮代谢能水平的升高而升高（Ｐ＜０,０１）。随粗蛋白水平的升高而降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）。日粮能量和蛋白水平对板油的影响与腹脂相似。日粮代谢能水平对肌胃脂无明显影响;日粮粗蛋白水平对肌胃脂重无明显影响,但对肌胃脂率有一定影响（Ｐ＝０．０７）。日粮粗蛋白和代谢能水平对血浆极低密度脂蛋白（ＶＬＤＬ）、甘油三酯、胆固醇及总脂浓度均有显著影响（Ｐ＜８．０５）,８周龄血浆ＶＬＤＬ浓度随日粮代谢能的升高而降低（Ｐ＜０．０００１）;血浆总脂和胆固醇浓度均随日粮代谢能、粗蛋白水平的升高而降低（Ｐ≤０．００１）。肉鸡８周龄血浆ＶＬＤＬ水平明显存在日粮能量和蛋白的互作效应（Ｐ＜０．０１）,而血浆甘油三酯、胆固醇和总脂水平不存在明显的能量和蛋白的互作（Ｐ＞０．０５）。  相似文献   

10.
日粮添加硫、磷提高水牛瘤胃纤维素消化率的研究   总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19  
应用装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的４头水牛研究了以稻草加精料和羟甲基尿素（ＦｏｒｍａｌｄｅｈｙｄｅｔｒｅａｔｅｄｕｒｅａＦＤＵ）（Ｉ）为基础日粮,分别添加硫（Ⅱ）及硫、磷（Ⅲ）后瘤胃内纤维素消化率的变化。添加硫（Ⅱ）后瘤胃液内硫化物、总硫水平均显著提高（Ｐ＜０．０１）;瘤胃内ｐＨ下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）;总挥发性脂肪酸（ＴＶＦＡ）含量增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）,发酵类型发生改变;瘤胃尼龙袋法纤维素消失率提高９．１９％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。在Ⅱ期的基础上添加磷,瘤胃ＴＶＦＡ含量、纤维素消失率分别提高了１６．１７％、１４．４８％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。而瘤胃容积、稀释率却未见显著变化。结果表明添加硫可促进瘤胃纤维素消化,而添加复合硫、磷效果更好。  相似文献   

11.
选用３头雄性中国海仔水牛,观察了去势及去势后注射睾酮对血清胃泌素水平的影响。结果去势后血清胃泌素水平明显下降（５０１．００±３７．２０ｖｓ,４３３．６±１０３．４ｐｇ／ｍｌ,Ｐ＜０．０５）,去势后水牛注射睾酮（２００μｇ／ｋｇＢＷ·ｄ,持续１２ｄ）血清胃泌素水平明显上升（４０８．１±６４．５ｖｓ,５１９．８±３４．４ｐｇ／ｍｌ,ｐ＜０．０５）。表明睾酮影响反刍动物胃泌素分泌。  相似文献   

12.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of cysteamine on growth performance of preweaning piglets and gastric expression of ghrelin mRNA in vivo and in vitro. Twelve litters of newborn piglets were allocated randomly to control and treatment groups. From 15 d of age, piglets in the control group were fed basal creep diet, whereas the treatment group received basal diet supplemented with 120 mg cysteamine per kg of diet until weaning on 35 d of age. Body weight gain, creep feed consumption, and diarrhea rates were recorded, and gastric mucosal tissues were collected for quantifying mRNA expression. To evaluate the direct effect of cysteamine on gastric ghrelin expression, primary cultures of gastric mucosal cells isolated from 35-d-old piglets were exposed to cysteamine for 20 h at 0, 1, 10, and 100 μg/mL, respectively. Dietary cysteamine increased (P < 0.05) average daily creep feed consumption and BW gain in preweaning pigs, which was accompanied by reduction in diarrhea rates. At 35 d of age, piglets treated with cysteamine showed increased (P < 0.05) ghrelin and gastrin and decreased (P < 0.05) somatostatin mRNA expression in gastric mucosa. Moreover, dietary cysteamine treatment increased serum concentration of gastrin (P < 0.05). In vitro, cysteamine significantly increased ghrelin mRNA expression in gastric mucosal cells at the concentration of 10 μg/mL. In conclusion, dietary cysteamine is effective in improving the growth performance and health condition of preweaning piglets, which is associated with its stimulatory effects on gastric ghrelin mRNA expression both in vivo and in vitro.  相似文献   

13.
本实验采用放射免疫测定技术(RIA)分析了9头屡配不孕母牛和6头正常母牛于发情开始后8天内的血清雌二酵和孕酮含量的变化。测定结果表明:屡配不孕母牛发情开始时的血清雌二醇水平低于正常母牛(7.4±3.4pg/ml VS 14.2±6.3pg/ml p<0.025)。发情开后96小时内屡配不孕母牛的血清孕酮水平的变化范围为0.90～1.76ng/ml,正常母牛的变化范围为0.68～1.00ng/ml。发情开始后192小时,正常母牛的血清孕酮水平已经达到2.47±2.02ng/ml,而屡配不孕母牛的血清孕酮水平则为1.97±0.60ng/ml。实验结果指示:体内内分泌失调可能是导致母牛屡配不孕的重要原因之一。  相似文献   

14.
The effects of progesterone (P4) on follicular growth and fertility in ewes were examined. In Experiment 1, 22 ewes received either one or three packets of P4 (5 g/packed) or an empty packet subcutaneously (sc) from Days 5 to 15 of the estrous cycle (estrus = Day 0). On Day 6, P4-treated ewes received 12.5 mg of prostaglandin F2α. Follicles ⩾3 mm in diameter were observed via transrectal ultrasonography daily from Day 4 through estrus, corpora lutea (CL) were observed 5 to 7 d after estrus. Ewes with low (LOW; ⩽1 ng/ml; n = 5), intermediate (MED; > 1 and <2 ng/ml; n = 10), or normal (NOR; ⩾2 ng/ml; n = 7) P4 in jugular plasma on Days 7 through 15 differed in follicular development. The largest follicle at estrus was larger in ewes with LOW vs. MED and NOR P4 (7.8 ± 0.3 vs. 6.9 ± 0.2 mm; P < 0.05). Treatments differed in proportions of multiple-ovulating ewes, in which the oldest ovulatory follicle was first observed before Day 10 (LOW: 3 of 3, MED: 6 of 10, NOR: 0 of 5, respectively; P < 0.05). Estradiol was higher early in the treatment period in LOW ewes than in MED and NOR ewes (day × treatment; P < 0.05). In Experiment 2, ewes received 5 mg of P4 in corn oil (low progesterone [LP]; n = 51) or 2 ml of corn oil (CON; n = 49) sc every 12 hr on Days 6 through 14 of the estrous cycle before mating. LP ewes received 15 mg of prostaglandin F2α on Day 6. Mean serum P4 on Days 7 through 15 was 0.6 ± 0.1 ng/ml in LP and 1.9 ± 0.1 ng/ml in CON ewes. Eleven LP and 12 CON ewes were scanned daily from Day 4 through mating, and in all ewes (n = 93), CL were counted 10 d after mating and embryos were counted at 25, 40, and 60 d of gestation. In multiple-ovulating ewes, day of cycle of appearance was earlier for the oldest (Day 6.1 ± 0.8 vs. 10.4 ± 0.8) but not second oldest (Day 11.7 ± 1.0 vs. 12.2 ± 0.9) ovulatory follicles in LP compared with CON ewes. The conception rate was lower in LP (72%) than in CON ewes (98%; P < 0.01). However, numbers of CL 10 d after mating, and in pregnant ewes, numbers of embryos 25 d after mating and lambs born, did not differ with treatment. In summary, low P4 increased the size of the largest follicles and the age of the oldest ovulatory follicles. Embryos resulting from the ovulation of older and younger follicles in the same ewe did not differ in their ability to survive.  相似文献   

15.
A commercial radioimmunoassay kit designed for measuring gastrin in human serum was validated for use with equine serum. This nonextraction, double-antibody procedure uses an antiserum with broad specificity for molecular forms of gastrin. Synthetic human gastrin (G17-I) was added to pooled equine serum, and the observed assay values were compared with the mass added. Recovery was 99 to 115% in the gastrin concentration range of 40 to 640 pg/ml. Dilutions of postprandial serum with serum from fasted horses were assayed, and the inhibition curves were compared with those of the human gastrin kit standards, using a log-logit transformation. The slopes of the sample dilution plots were not significantly different from the slopes of the standard curves. Ethylenediamine tetraacetate and heparin adversely affected the assay, resulting in lower assayed gastrin concentration values. The intra-assay coefficient of variation (n = 10) was 3.8%, and the interassay coefficient of variation (n = 6) was 11.2%. The assay sensitivity, as reported by the manufacturer, is 8 pg/ml. Gastrin concentrations in serum from fasted horses ranged from undetectable values (less than 8 pg/ml) to 17.5 pg/ml, and peaked at a mean value (n = 6) of 70 pg/ml 3 hours after feeding. Serum cortisol values monitored during the postprandial blood collection period were in the normal range for horses.  相似文献   

16.
本试验旨在研究水牛饲粮中添加半胱胺对水牛泌乳性能、瘤胃发酵参数、抗氧化性能和瘤胃微生物组成的影响。选取体重（615 kg±21 kg）、胎次（3~5胎）和产奶量（6 kg/d±1 kg/d）相近的健康泌乳中期尼里-拉菲奶水牛20头,采用单因素随机区组设计,分为4组,每组5头水牛。在基础饲粮中分别添加0（对照组）、15、30和45 g/d半胱胺。预饲期1周,试验期4周。结果表明：与对照组相比,①添加半胱胺对水牛体表温度、直肠温度和呼吸频率均无显著影响（P>0.05）。②添加30和45 g/d半胱胺显著提高了水牛干物质采食量（DMI）和酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）表观消化率（P<0.05）。③添加半胱胺显著提高了水牛产奶量、4%乳脂校正乳产量、乳蛋白率、乳总固形物和乳非脂固形物含量（P<0.05）。④添加45 g/d半胱胺显著提高了水牛瘤胃微生物蛋白（MCP）含量（P<0.05）;添加半胱胺对水牛瘤胃液细菌和真菌数量无显著影响（P>0.05）;添加15 g/d半胱胺显著降低了原虫数量（P<0.05）,而半胱胺添加剂量为30 g/d时瘤胃液原虫数量则显著增加（P<0.05）。⑤添加半胱胺能显著降低乳中C14：1n5、C18：3n6含量,显著增加乳中C18：1n9t、C19：0、C20：3n6含量（P<0.05）。添加30 g/d半胱胺显著降低乳中C16：0、C18：0和饱和脂肪酸（SFA）含量（P<0.05）;添加30和45 g/d半胱胺显著降低乳中C20：4n6（ARA）和不饱和脂肪酸（UFA）含量（P<0.05）。⑥添加半胱胺组水牛血清总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）显著提高（P<0.05）;15和30 g/d半胱胺组水牛血清丙二醛（MDA）含量显著降低（P<0.05）;30和45 g/d半胱胺组谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性、总蛋白、球蛋白水平显著增加（P<0.05）;15和45 g/d半胱胺组皮质醇（Cor）显著降低（P<0.05）;30 g/d半胱胺组谷草转氨酶（AST）活性显著增加（P<0.05）。综合试验结果,饲粮中添加半胱胺能够提高泌乳中期水牛泌乳性能与抗氧化能力,影响水牛瘤胃发酵、乳脂脂肪酸含量和瘤胃原虫数量。在本试验条件下,建议半胱胺在水牛饲粮中的适宜添加量为30 g/d。  相似文献   

17.
本试验旨在研究散栏式饲养方式下,饲喂半胱胺盐酸盐对泌乳中期热应激奶牛生产性能的影响。选择48头健康荷斯坦奶牛[体重(562.25±37.85)kg,泌乳天数(123.64±10.67)d,胎次(1.23±0.42)胎,日产奶量(26.58±1.58)kg],根据体重、泌乳天数、产奶量相同或相近的原则,随机分成4组(每组12头),对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加半胱胺盐酸盐3、15、30 g/kg。预试期12 d,正试期30 d。结果显示:随半胱胺盐酸盐添加剂量的增加,奶牛呼吸频率和直肠温度呈显著的线性降低(P0.05);干物质采食量、乳脂较正乳产量、能量校正乳产量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率均呈先升高后降低的显著的二次曲线变化(P0.05),并且以添加3 g/kg组的效果较好;正试期末,3、15 g/kg组血清甲状腺素浓度显著低于对照组(P0.05),15 g/kg组血清皮质醇浓度显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结果提示,半胱胺盐酸盐能有效缓解散栏饲养的泌乳中期奶牛热应激,提高产奶量和乳品质,本试验条件下,饲粮中添加3 g/kg半胱胺盐酸盐较为适宜。  相似文献   

18.
The objectives of the experiment were to determine the effect of two doses of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) in a standard synchronization protocol based on a short-term progesterone (P4) priming on ovarian structures and haemodynamics, concentrations of steroid hormones and prolificacy rate when oestrus was induced during low-breeding season (LBS) in Beetal dairy goats. We hypothesized that inclusion of eCG in a short-term P4 priming-based synchronization protocol would increase the blood perfusion to ovarian structures leading to enhance oestrous and ovulatory responses and prolificacy rate in goats. Forty-two multiparous acyclic goats were blocked by body condition and, within block, assigned randomly to receive saline as control (CON), low eCG (L-eCG; 300 IU) or high eCG (H-eCG; 600 IU) dose. Initially, a controlled internal drug release (CIDR) device was placed in the anterior vagina on d −8, followed by removal of CIDR on d −3, concurrent with the administration of PGF2α and eCG according to their respective treatments. Goats were monitored for oestrous response. B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography was performed with 12-h interval, starting from day −3 until natural breeding (day 0), and then on days 5, 10, 15 and 20 post-breeding to monitor follicular and luteal dynamics and blood flow, respectively. Blood was sampled at 0, 12, 24, 36 and 60 h after CIDR removal to quantify plasma concentrations of estradiol-17β (E2), whereas plasma concentrations of P4 were assayed at days 5, 10, 15 and 20 after breeding. Pregnancy and prolificacy rates were determined at day 30 and 150 after breeding, respectively. Data were analysed with mixed-effects models, and orthogonal contrasts were used to evaluate the effect of treatment [Con vs. (½ L-eCG + ½ H-eCG)] and dose of eCG (L-eCG vs. H-eCG). Data are presented in sequence as CON, L-eCG, H-eCG (LSM ± SEM). The oestrous intensity score (152.9 vs. 182.7 vs. 186.5 ± 15.1; p = .02) was greater in eCG-treated goats as compared to CON. Administration of eCG reduced the intervals to standing oestrus (66.2 vs. 41.8 vs. 48.9 h ± 5.5; p = .05), breeding (70.2 vs. 44.4 vs. 45.4 h ± 4.5; p = .03) and ovulation (84.5 vs. 61.2 vs. 63.4 h ± 6.2; p = .05) compared with CON goats. The mean growth rate of pre-ovulatory follicle was greater (1.11 vs. 1.49 vs. 1.45 mm ± 0.08; p = .01) in eCG-treated goats resulting in an increased diameter of pre-ovulatory follicle (6.27 vs. 7.20 vs. 7.31 mm ± 0.07; p < .01) and corpora lutea (6.75 vs. 8.26 vs. 8.07 mm ± 0.42; p = .04) than CON. The mean follicular blood flow did not differ among treatments; however, the mean luteal blood flow was greater in L-eCG-treated goats (0.81 vs. 1.61 vs. 1.07 cm2 ± 0.12; p = .001). The mean concentrations of E2 (4.03 vs. 5.21 vs. 4.78 pg/ml ± 0.42; p = .04) and P4 (4.85 vs. 6.39 vs. 6.22 ng/ml ± 0.34; p = .04) were greater in eCG-treated goats. The twinning rate did not differ between treatments; nevertheless, prolificacy rate was greater (p = .04) in L-eCG-treated goats. Collectively, our data suggest that the administration of eCG improves the induction of oestrous and ovarian dynamics. Administration of L-eCG enhances prolificacy rate, therefore, a low dose of eCG might be practically beneficial to improve reproduction during LBS in acyclic Beetal dairy goats.  相似文献   

19.
Four experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of diet and the administration of H2-antagonists in feed on gastric ulcer formation and performance of growing-finishing swine. Pigs receiving a finely ground diet (less than lmm) grew faster (.73 vs .68 kg/d, P less than .01) and had better feed utilization (3.47 vs 3.76, P less than .01) than pigs receiving a cracked corn-based diet. Incidence of ulcers in the esophageal region of the stomach of pigs fed the finely ground diet was greater (P less than .01) than in pigs fed cracked corn. The average daily gain of pigs receiving the finely ground diet was inversely related to ulcer incidence (r = .403, P less than .01, df = 59). The addition of 5, 10, 20 or 100 ppm of the H2-antagonist, metiamide, or 6, 18 or 54 ppm of SK&F 93479 to the finely ground diet did not improve pig performance or affect the incidence of gastric ulceration. The addition of 2, 6 and 18 ppm of SK&F 93479 to a corn-soy diet containing 4.5% alfalfa meal caused a reduction in gastric ulceration (P less than .05) and improved feed utilization by 3.2% (P less than .05). These data suggest that finely ground diets improve the performance of growing-finishing swine, but increase the incidence of ulcers in the esophageal region of the stomach. Severe gastric ulceration adversely affects swine performance. Feeding H2-antagonists does not reduce the ulcerogenic properties of finely ground diets, suggesting factors other than gastric acid secretion are involved in ulcerogenesis. The use of H2-antagonists in corn-soy diets improves feed utilization and reduces ulceration.  相似文献   

20.
Comet assay was used in the present study to examine DNA damage to buffalo oocytes and embryos during in vitro culture. Embryos were produced in vitro from oocytes obtained from slaughterhouse ovaries in presence of cysteamine (IVM and IVC media supplemented with 50 and 100 μm , respectively) or in its absence (controls). Compared to controls, cysteamine supplementation increased (p < 0.01) cleavage rate and proportion of oocytes that developed to 8‐ to 16‐cell stage. The incidence of DNA damage was lower (p < 0.01) in cysteamine group than that in controls at 8‐ to 16‐ (19.3 ± 4.24 vs 72.0 ± 5.22%) but not in 2‐cell stage embryos (11.7 ± 5.63 vs 20.8 ± 5.49%) or in mature oocytes (5.3 ± 3.43 vs 10.3 ± 4.73%). The tail length, which indicates magnitude of DNA damage, was shorter (p < 0.01) in cysteamine group than in controls in mature oocytes (25.5 ± 0.5 vs 36.0 ± 0.71 pixels) and 8‐ to 16‐cell stage (49.2 ± 1.64 vs 152.7 ± 1.28 pixels) but not in 2‐cell stage embryos (36.3 ± 1.54 vs 36.4 ± 0.75 pixels). Also, exposure of oocytes/embryos to UV radiation or H2O2 caused extensive DNA damage. In conclusion, these results suggest that oocytes/embryos suffer from DNA damage during progress of in vitro culture, which can be partly ameliorated by cysteamine supplementation of culture media.  相似文献   

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