共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
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[目的]为了解水牛繁殖性能的分子基础及建立检测分子标记,本研究分析卵泡抑素(FST)基因在槟榔江、德宏水牛中的多态性,并与繁殖性能进行关联分析。[方法]研究采用PCR扩增及DNA测序方法,检测水牛FST基因多态性,并分析该基因变异位点与繁殖性能的关系。[结果]在槟榔江、德宏水牛的FST基因序列共检测到7个SNP位点,未发现插入/缺失变异。经χ2检验,除德宏水牛中SNP6偏离Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡状态,其他SNP位点均处于Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡状态。FST基因与槟榔、德宏水牛产犊和产犊率性状相关不显著,而当两个群体合并后,FST基因有两个变异位点与产犊率呈极显著相关。[结论]FST基因在槟榔江、德宏水牛中存在较高基因变异性,FST基因与水牛繁殖性状的关系还需进一步研究。 相似文献
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水牛是我国南方农村的主要役畜,其特点是性情温驯,饲料转化能力强及使用年限较长。为了系统了解水牛的繁殖性能。进而提高其受胎率,发展水牛业生产。对湖北省畜牧良种场,家畜品种改良站及荆门市郊兴隆大队的摩拉、尼里,滨湖水牛和杂交水牛的繁殖特性进行了观察。 相似文献
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<正> 水牛是我国南方主要役畜,历来被认为季节性繁殖家畜。我国幅员辽阔,气候千差万别,品种资源丰富。各地的气候对当地的水牛繁殖有一定影响。因而,研究各地特定气候环境条件下的繁殖规律(繁殖季节和繁殖率),对发展水牛生产具有十分重要的意 相似文献
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奶牛的繁殖性状是奶牛生产的重要经济性状,随着产奶量等重要经济性状不断选择和提高,在奶牛育种和生产实践中出现了严重的繁殖障碍,给奶牛育种工作中带来了很多困难。鉴于奶牛繁殖性能对生产性能造成如此大的影响,近几年,多个国家已将繁殖性状引入奶牛综合选择指标,通过给予权重期望来平衡育种目标。本文综述了部分生产性状与繁殖性状的相关性,为平衡育种提供参考。 相似文献
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水牛是某些国家农场畜力,奶和肉的主要来源。在印度,水牛的数量少于黄牛,而其产奶量却占全国总产量的60%。尽管水牛有这样优良的生产性能,但目前仍未引起重视和得到合理的估价与研究。水牛的繁殖障碍繁殖是水牛生产中考虑最多的经济损失之一。水牛主要的繁殖障碍是:晚熟,产后发情迟,屡配不孕,早期妊娠难以诊断及体情(尤其 相似文献
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近年来,我国加大了水牛资源开发的经费投入,明确提出把发展水牛奶业作为发展南方农村经济新的增长点,进一步推动了水牛产业的发展。但是由于水牛的繁殖性能低下,如初情期迟、初产年龄长、产后久不发情、产犊间隔长和受胎率低等特点,导致我国水牛杂交改良面临着良种种源匮乏的问题。要突破这个瓶颈,必须集成现代动物繁殖技术,如人工授精、超数排卵、体外胚胎生产、核移植、转基因和胚胎移植等技术,以提高水牛的繁殖效率和种源供应能力,从而促进我国水牛品种改良和水牛奶业开发。开展水牛繁殖生物技术可分为两个阶段,第一阶段是对水牛超数排卵和活体采卵、胚胎性别鉴定等一整套胚胎生物技术程序进行研究和开发,提高水牛品质和新品种的形成;第二阶段是采用转基因和体细胞克隆等技术,以培育水牛新品种和开发转基因新药品,更好地为水牛产业的发展和人类健康做出贡献。 相似文献
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洞庭湖区水牛繁殖性能的调查研究康顺之（湖南农学院）许德明（原省委奶牛场）何正湘（湖南常德市教委）我国南方具有几千年养水牛的悠久历史，饲养水牛总头数占世界第二位，尽管目前部分农村实现了机械化耕种，但大部分农村耕地役力仍然是水牛。为了迅速发展水牛数量，提... 相似文献
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唐振华李孟伟梁贤威梁辛郭艳霞彭开屏杨承剑 《饲料研究》2019,(1):56-60
意大利地中海水牛业是意大利重要产业,其巨大的经济效益对地中海地区农业发展起重要作用。而饲料资源开发、营养需要研究一直是意大利奶水牛研究的重点。因此,文章从近年来意大利饲料作物种植模式、饲料资源利用、水牛瘤胃微生物营养、营养与繁殖等方面的研究进行综述,以深入了解意大利水牛养殖模式和趋势,为中国水牛养殖业提供借鉴,加快中国奶水牛业发展。 相似文献
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江汉水牛头骨腔孔形态结构 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在我国,水牛是现代农村重要的役使动物和肉食来源之一,因此科学家对水牛展开了大量的研究工作,而水牛的解剖研究又是水牛研究中的基础.本研究旨在对江汉水牛头骨腔孔进行解剖结构观察,为水牛的其它深入研究提供基础数据.以江汉水牛为实验动物,观察了水牛头骨各个骨孔的形状、位置和骨孔所对应的神经、血管及其它组织的分布,并采用测量法对各个骨孔的直径进行了测量.结果表明,水牛头骨上13个骨孔,且在这些骨孔内都有对应的血管、神经分布;各个骨孔的直径如下:眶上孔6.74 mm,眶下孔6.64 mm,枕骨大孔45.42 mm,颞翼眶圆孔5.33 mm,腭下孔7.85 mm,翼卵圆孔10.73 mm,颞关节后孔4.47mm,颈静脉孔9.87 mm,舌下神经孔9.05 mm,颞管孔14.46 mm,下颌孔6.28 mm,颏孔4.21 mm,筛孔3.37 mm.本研究结果对江汉水牛的骨孔及其所对应血管、神经和组织的集中归纳,为江汉水牛解剖的研究和教学提供了一定的科学依据. 相似文献
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Good food intake behavior is the basis of maintaining the growth and development of animal and improving production performance.Olfaction and taste are two important senses in the progress of animal food intake.They are determined by olfactory receptor genes and taste receptor genes respectively,which are relatively large gene family in mammalian genomes.They express not only in the sense organs,but also widely in the respiratory,digestive,reproductive and other systems.This paper analyzed the consumption of mutton and sheep breeding in China.It gave an overview of the latest research progress on the olfaction,taste and their receptor gene.Finally,the function and mechanism of olfaction and taste in animal food intake,and the utilization in livestock production were expounded.This paper provided a theoretical reference for the study of the sense of olfaction and taste in animal food feeding especially in sheep. 相似文献
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Saadullah Muhammad Iqbal Zeeshan Muhammad Naveed-ul-Haque Muhammad Hifzulrahman Bhatti Jalees Ahmed Abdullah Muhammad 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(6):2897-2903
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of increasing total nutrient supply by increasing level of concentrate supplementation in forage-based diet of growing Nili-Ravi buffalo replacement heifers on pre-pubertal growth rate and its impact on age at puberty and post-pubertal productive and reproductive performance. Twenty-eight Nili-Ravi buffalo heifers of 7 ± 1 month age were divided into 3 groups. The treatments were 3 levels of concentrate (crude protein (CP) = 17.9%, metabolisable energy (ME) = 2.66 Mcal/kg), i.e. 0.5, 1, and 1.5% of the body weight referred as low, medium, and high treatments, respectively. Irrespective of pre-pubertal treatment, all the heifers received similar feed after puberty up to completion of their first lactation. The results of the study showed a similar response across the treatments in age, weight, and condition at puberty, weight at calving, lactation length, and yield. The medium and high treatments resulted in poor reproductive performance because of higher services per conception and less number of heifers confirmed conceived compared with low treatment. The low treatment resulted in less mortality compared with medium and high treatments. The feeding cost per animal at puberty, conception, and calving was lowest for treatment low as compared with medium and high. In conclusion, the results of the study showed that Nili-Ravi buffalo heifers achieved puberty at 23 months with feeding of concentrate (CP = 17.9%, ME = 2.66 Mcal/kg) during pre-pubertal stage at the rate of 0.5% of the body weight with better reproductive performance.
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Wilson RT 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(7):1367-1373
Egypt is the only country in Africa where domestic buffalo have a long-term presence and constitute an important part of the array of domestic animal resources. Attempts to introduce buffalo to other African countries have been made since at least the 1920s. Nine such attempted introductions are documented in this paper, although for most cases, there is very limited information. Buffalo have disappeared without trace in some countries and were slaughtered in at least two because of lack of adaptation or susceptibility to disease. In addition to Egypt, only Tanzania and Mozambique are known to have buffalo in 2012. There are suitable ecological niches for buffalo in many African countries. Failure to provide sufficient financial resources by governments, initially small numbers of animals and probable lack of interest by the private sector are among the reasons for the failure of buffalo to become a contributor to African livestock production. Policy makers and development agencies should very carefully consider the overall benefits against the overall costs of attempted introductions of buffalo (and of other exotic livestock species) in to African countries. 相似文献
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Infertility and disease surveillance using a milk recording scheme in the Sahiwal district of Pakistan 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
C. H. Pedersen 《Tropical animal health and production》1989,21(4):263-272
Milk recording was initiated in 1980 in the Sahiwal district of the Punjab province in Pakistan with the aim of identifying superior cattle and buffalo cows. The paper describes how the recording scheme with some modification was utilised to obtain accurate information about production parameters, reproductive traits, blood mineral contents and the prevalence of certain diseases. The main findings indicate that the calving interval in cattle is even higher than previously estimated (22.3 months), that phosphorus and copper deficiency is widespread in the area and that reproductive diseases are not a major factor in infertility. It is concluded that the low reproductive efficiency among cattle and buffaloes in the Sahiwal district is due mainly to phosphorus and copper deficiency accompanied by a low level of feeding and management. 相似文献
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Animal transport has always been an important part of the production of animal husbandry.But the transport stress disorder caused by long distance transportation has become a serious problem which is harmful to the development of beef industry. This paper reviewed the effects of transport stress on animal behavior,blood biochemical indexes, immune function and meat quality. It had important practical significance for future research related to transport stress mechanism and promoting the development of animal husbandry in China. 相似文献
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How to improve reproductive efficacy from now in Japan? Find out the factors of late lactation to predict postpartum reproductive diseases 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Nakada K 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2006,52(1):177-183
Reproductive efficiency and performance in dairy cattle has been declining over the last 20 years in Japan. Recently, this has resulted in serious problems in dairy herds. There have been changes in the animals themselves and in the animal's environment, e.g. the genetic potential for milk yield has improved, the herd size of dairy farms has been expanding, the housing system of dairy cattle has been changing from tie stall to free stall, and total mixed ratio (TMR) feeding systems have become widespread. It is not clear whether the animals have adapted adequately to these environmental changes. Up till now, reproductive management has been undertaken by monitoring animal performance and/or hormonal treatments, and this has resulted in acceptable reproductive performance. However, conception and pregnancy rates have continued to decline, and the calving to calving interval has continued to extend. Consequently, the average parity and the average age at culling in dairy cattle have been declining. The most common causes of culling in dairy cattle are reproductive disorders in Japan. Therefore, in future, prevention of reproductive disorders will be required for both reproductive efficiency and animal welfare. During late pregnancy and the transition from the pregnant, non-lactating state to the non-pregnant, lactating state, dramatic changes are occurring in the dam including an increase in the fetal-placental mass and calving. Thus, the demand for energy, protein and minerals by the conceptus increases, the space within the abdominal cavity and the rumen capacity decreases due to the increased volume of the conceptus, the local immunological relationship between the fetal and maternal placenta dramatically changes, and physiological homeostasis is activated to adapt to these changes. If cattle can't maintain homeostasis before calving, the incidence of reproductive diseases will be greatly increased. We have been examining reproductive, nutritional and immunological factors to predict the occurrence of reproductive disorders as early as possible and to develop strategies to prevent them. It is unlikely that all dairy farms in Japan will be able to improve reproductive performance with general advice, due to the wide variation in feeding systems and management in Japan. Therefore, specific advice needs to be tailored to each herd, based on management systems employed within each herd. We have proposed that it is important to identify common risk factors across herds, to use these factors as an index for disease control and reproductive management and finally to demonstrate the relationship between these factors and fundamental improvement of the reproductive efficiency. We propose this approach with the aim of providing a breakthrough in improving reproductive performance in dairy cattle in Japan. The focus of this review will be that such an approach is important for improvement of the reproductive efficiency in Japanese dairy cows. 相似文献