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1.
鸡腔上囊传出神经元的分布——用CB—HRP法研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
将CB—HRP注入鸡腔上囊壁内,支配腔上囊的神经元被标记。支配腔上囊的长轴突型交感节前神经元在胸7—腰荐3(简称T_7—LS_3)髓节的Terni氏柱内,主要位于LS_1—LS_2髓节。在LS_8—LS_(11)髓节中央管背侧和背外侧区有大量标记细胞,主要集中于LS_8髓节,这些标记细胞是支配腔上囊的副交感节前神经元,其轴突大部分行经同侧盆神经到达腔上囊,少数行经对侧的盆神经到达腔上囊。腔上囊的交感节后神经元位于T_6—L_(13)交感干神经节和肾上腺神经节,交感干的标记细胞集中位于LS_9—LS_(11)和LS_2—LS_3。副交感节后神经元位于盆神经和泄殖腔神经节内。在肠神经内有大量的标记细胞。 相似文献
2.
刘英 《甘肃农业大学学报》1995,30(3):210-213
本文用１４只１．０～２．５ｋｇ重的成年鸡研究嗉囊的副交感神经元定位。将ＨＲＰ注入嗉囊，动物存活２～４天后心室固定。取迷走神经远神经节、岩神经节和颈静脉神经节及延髓，制成５０μｍ厚的冰冻切片，用Ｍｅｓｕｌａｍ氏ＴＭＢ法反应呈色，明视野观察，结果如下：１．被标记的嗉囊副交感节前神经元出现于迷走神经背侧运动核和中间核内。嗉囊的标记细胞在迷走神经背侧运动核内的分布有局部定位关系。２。被标记的嗉囊感觉神经元出现于远神经节、岩神经节和颈静脉神经节内。 相似文献
3.
Functional interaction and partial homology between human immunodeficiency virus and neuroleukin 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Dementia is common in patients with AIDS, but the mechanism by which the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) causes the neurological impairment is unknown. In this study the possibility that an antigen of HIV-1 suppresses neuronal responses to neurotrophic factors was examined. Both HIV-1 and a related retrovirus, simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), inhibited the growth of sensory neurons from chick dorsal root ganglia in medium containing neuroleukin (NLK) but not in medium containing nerve growth factor. An unrelated type D retrovirus, simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome virus, did not affect the growth of neurons in the presence of either neurotrophic factor. The inhibition by HIV-1 of neuron growth in the presence of NLK was found to be due to the gp120 envelope glycoprotein. Regions of sequence homology between gp120 and NLK may account for this inhibitory property of gp120 and functional interactions between gp120 and NLK may be important in the pathogenesis of the AIDS dementia complex. 相似文献
4.
鸡腔上囊传入神经元的分布——HRP法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用CB—HRP法研究鸡腔上囊的感觉神经分布,结果表明:初级传入神经元位于T_6—LS_(13)脊神经节内,主要在LS_9—LS_(11)和LS_1—LS_2;初级传入神经元的中枢突在LS_8—LS_(12)髓节沿背角外侧缘延伸,止于中央管背测阳背外测区;部分初级传入神经元位于迷走神经结状节内。 相似文献
5.
Astrocytes block axonal regeneration in mammals by activating the physiological stop pathway 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
Regenerating sensory axons in the dorsal roots of adult mammals are stopped at the junction between the root and spinal cord by reactive astrocytes. Do these cells stop axonal elongation by activating the physiological mechanisms that normally operate to stop axons during development, or do they physically obstruct the elongating axons? In order to distinguish these possibilities, the cytology of the axon tips of regenerating axons that were stopped by astrocytes was compared with the axon tips that were physically obstructed at a cul-de-sac produced by ligating a peripheral nerve. The terminals of the physically obstructed axon tips were distended with neurofilaments and other axonally transported structures that had accumulated when the axons stopped elongating. By contrast, neurofilaments did not accumulate in the tips of regenerating axons that were stopped by spinal cord astrocytes at the dorsal root transitional zone. These axo-glial terminals resembled the terminals that axons make on target neurons during normal development. On the basis of these observations, astrocytes appear to stop axons from regenerating in the mammalian spinal cord by activating the physiological stop pathway that is built into the axon and that normally operates when axons form stable terminals on target cells. 相似文献
6.
红豆杉体外培养生产紫杉醇研究 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
该文从培养基组成、培养条件、培养基中不同添加物对红豆杉细胞培养和细胞中紫杉醇产量的影响 ,以及在提高紫杉醇产量中有关酶代谢调节、细胞株系选择和培养方法的改进等方面 ,着重介绍了近几年来的研究成果 .同时在毛状根培养、冠瘿瘤组织培养、水培根培养和瘤培养等培养材料的扩展方面 ,对国内外所作的尝试性研究和新的报道进行了综述 .国内外学者围绕红豆杉体外培养方法优化、提高紫杉醇产量等问题进行了许多尝试和深入细致的研究工作 ,取得了令人瞩目的进展 ,为利用红豆杉体外培养进行紫杉醇商业化生产提供了可能 相似文献
7.
所有背根节和迷走神经结状节出现大量P物质(SP)阳性胞体和纤维,小细胞占92％,大中型细胞占8％,仅有极少数生长抑素(SS)样神经胞体。大量含SP的纤维和终未见于颈上节和腹腔-前肠系膜神经节,但含SS的纤维和终末主要见于腹腔-前肠系膜神经节,颈上节甚少。交感节中无SP和SS阳性胞体。出现于交感神经节中的SP和SS纤维和终末,可能来自背根节初级感觉神经元的外周侧支或肠神经元。按照这个模式,SP和SS可通过不涉及中枢神经系统的外周短反射环路;去调节交感神经的反应。 相似文献
8.
Nerve trophic function: in vitro assay of effects of nerve tissue on muscle cholinesterase ctivity 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
T L Lentz 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1971,171(967):187-189
The effects of tissue explants and nerve homogenates on cholinesterase activity of muscle of the newt Triturus in organ culture were measured. Sensory ganglia, ganglia separated from muscle by a Millipore filter, spinal cord, liver, and nerve homogenates produced greater activity of muscle cholinesterase than occurred in untreated muscle cultured for the same period of time. Boiled ganglia, kidney, oviduct, and spleen were ineffective. This procedure serves as a convenient bioassay for a neurotrophic process and indicates that the trophic effect is mediated by a diffusible chemical substance produced by nerves. 相似文献
9.
用ＨＲＰ法研究证明,支配山羊胸腺的初级传入神经来源于双侧Ｃ１～Ｔ５ 脊神经节,以同侧为主;其标记神经元的分布呈双峰型;在双侧结状节也出现少量标记细胞,山羊胸腺的感觉经两侧神经传入,以交感途径占优势;交感节后纤维来自双侧颈前节、颈中节、星状节及Ｔ２～Ｔ５ 椎旁节,其中颈中节和星状节的标记细胞最多;在双侧Ｃ１～２节脊髓腹角和延髓疑核出现标记细胞较多,延髓迷走神经背核、面后核和脊上核出现较少的标记细胞。 相似文献
10.
Axonal proteins of presynaptic neurons during synaptogenesis 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
P Sonderegger M C Fishman M Bokoum H C Bauer P G Nelson 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1983,221(4617):1294-1297
Changes occur in the synthesis and axonal transport of neuronal proteins in dorsal-root ganglia axons as a result of contact with cells from the spinal cord during synapse formation. Dorsal-root ganglia cells were cultured in a compartmental cel culture system that allows separate access to neuronal cell bodies and their axons. When cells from the ventral spinal cord were cultured with the dorsal-root ganglia axons, synapses were established within a few days. Metabolic labeling and two-dimensional electrophoresis revealed that four of more than 300 axonal proteins had changed in their expression by the time synapses were established. The highly selective nature of these changes suggests that the proteins involved may be important in the processes of axon growth and synapse formation and their regulation by the regional environment. 相似文献
11.
Cortisol was found in myelinated nerve fibers of the lumbo-sacral plexus (2.0 to 6.0 microg per gram of tissue) and in the sympathetic chain with dorsal root ganglia (0.2 to 0.4 microg per gram of tissue). 相似文献
12.
几种氨基酸前体物对红豆杉愈伤组织的生长和紫杉醇含量的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过在培养基中加入紫杉醇合成的前体物质,提高愈伤组织紫杉醇含量和细胞生物量.在培养基中添加甘氨酸、L-丝氨酸、L-苯丙氨酸和D-苯丙氨酸,培养40 d后,测定愈伤组织紫杉醇含量和细胞生物量.分析得到甘氨酸、丝氨酸、L-苯丙氨酸能提高细胞紫杉醇的合成能力,但对愈伤组织的生长有抑制作用.D-苯丙氨酸对愈伤组织的生长有显著的促进作用,也显著提高紫杉醇合成能力,愈伤组织中紫杉醇含量高达0.224%. 相似文献
13.
此项研究用了体重1.0～2.5kg的成年母鸡18只,以追寻鸡颈皮神经的感觉神经元和交感节后神经元。将C_6～C_(11)皮神经断端浸渍于20％HRP溶液中2～3天以引入酶。取相应的颈交感干神经节和脊神经节及其前后相邻的神经节,制成厚50μm的连续冰冻切片。TMB反应,明视野光镜观察。标记的交感节后神经元胞体出现于与酶引入皮神经相连的交感干神经节。少数出现于相邻的后一个交感神经节。标记的脊神经感觉神经元胞体只出现于与酶引入皮神经相连的脊神经节。 相似文献
14.
Ethanol neurotoxicity: effects on neurite formation and neurotrophic factor production in vitro 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The effects of ethanol on chick embryo sensory and spinal cord neurons growing on one of several biological substrates (poly-D-lysine, laminin, or neuron-produced neurite-promoting materials) were examined. Ethanol inhibited process formation by the neurons in a dose-dependent manner and inhibited the production of neurotrophic factors. Neuronal attachment to the substrates, survival of attached neurons, and receptor interactions of sensory neurons with nerve growth factor were not influenced by ethanol. It appears that ethanol alters certain metabolic characteristics of developing neurons. 相似文献
15.
将 HRP 注入颈部食管壁后,在延髓的两侧面神经后核出现大量密集的中、小型标记细胞,在疑核的全长可见散在的大型细胞,在迷走神经背核可见少量小型细胞,以核的前区腹外侧缘标记细胞较多。在闩以上的孤束内侧核和第一颈髓的中间外侧核(疑后核)也看到零星标记细胞。颈前神经节和星状神经节出现大量标记细胞,而以颈前节标记细胞较多,还多次发现小标记细胞紧偎着大标记细胞配对的现象。 相似文献
16.
Transmission of nerve impulses in superior cervical sympathetic ganglia of cats and rabbits is markedly enhanced after reserpine-induced depletion of ganglionic norepinephrine. Transmission is also enhanced by administration of adrenergic blocking agents. In contrast, reserpine-induced release of ganglionic norepinephrine in animals pretreated with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor results in a pronounced depression of ganglionic transmission, which lasts until the ganglionic norepinephrine disappears. These results support the concept that norepinephrine in ganglia modulates the action of acetylcholine. 相似文献
17.
石玉珂 《新疆农业大学学报》1987,(2)
新疆草鹅的交感神经系统,前端起自两侧颈前神经节,后端止于第四对尾节,形成纵贯脊柱两侧的交感干;第二至十五颈椎两侧的交感干,完全在推动脉管内。胸部节间交感干,均分为两支围绕着肋骨头。椎旁神经节共有46对,其中颈节19对,胸节8对,腰荐节15对,尾节4对。椎前神经节共有9个,其中包括腹腔神经节2,肠系膜前神经节2,肾上腺神经节2,肾动脉神经节2,肠系膜后神经节1。另外,还有数目不定的中间神经节(包括直——迥肠节状神经干节)。交感干和椎旁神经节发出的纤维,除形成脏器相应的神经丛外,还沿主动脉形成了四个较大的神经丛,如腹腔神经丛、主动脉神经丛、腹下神经丛和肠系膜后神经丛等。 相似文献
18.
Axonal elongation into peripheral nervous system "bridges" after central nervous system injury in adult rats 总被引：48，自引：0，他引：48
The origin, termination, and length of axonal growth after focal central nervous system injury was examined in adult rats by means of a new experimental model. When peripheral nerve segments were used as "bridges" between the medulla and spinal cord, axons from neurons at both these levels grew approximately 30 millimeters. The regenerative potential of these central neurons seems to be expressed when the central nervous system glial environment is changed to that of the peripheral nervous system. 相似文献
19.
Neurotrophins regulate survival, axonal growth, and target innervation of sensory and other neurons. Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) is expressed specifically in cells adjacent to extending axons of dorsal root ganglia neurons, and its absence results in loss of most of these neurons before their axons reach their targets. However, axons are not required for NT-3 expression in limbs; instead, local signals from ectoderm induce NT-3 expression in adjacent mesenchyme. Wnt factors expressed in limb ectoderm induce NT-3 in the underlying mesenchyme. Thus, epithelial-mesenchymal interactions mediated by Wnt factors control NT-3 expression and may regulate axonal growth and guidance. 相似文献
20.
Cu2+对红豆杉培养细胞中紫杉醇形成的影响 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
用Ｃｕ＾２＋对红豆杉（Ｔａｘｕｓ ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）培养细胞中紫杉醇形成的影响进行了研究。在红豆杉细胞悬浮培养２０ｄ即指数生长期末,每１Ｌ细胞悬浮培养物中加入３０μｍｏｌ ＣｕＣｌ２,Ｃｕ＾２＋促进紫杉醇形成的作用最大。添加ＣｕＣｌ２对红豆杉细胞生长没有明显影响,但引起培养细胞中可溶性蛋白质含量、苯丙氨酸解氮酶活性及培养基ｐＨ值的变化。 相似文献