共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
在温室、避雨棚和露地3种栽培模式下,对‘冬枣’植株的光合规律进行比较研究。结果表明：温室、避雨棚较露地,降低了光合有效辐射(PAR)和饱和水汽压差(Vpd)。露地和温室栽培模式下‘冬枣’净光合速率(Pn)日变化为双峰型曲线,温室内‘冬枣’午后峰值显著高于上午峰值,避雨棚栽培模式下‘冬枣’净光合速率(Pn)日变化为上午高,下午低,逐步下降趋势。3种栽培模式净光合速率(Pn)日均值无显著差异,但避雨棚和温室栽培‘冬枣’光饱和点(LSP)显著高于露地。通用线性模型分析表明,Pn与Vpd、环境温度(T)、PAR、相对湿度(RH)等环境因子呈显著相关关系,其中温室栽培下Pn与T和Vpd呈正相关,而在避雨棚和露地中呈负相关。各栽培模式下光合效率限制因子不相同,‘冬枣’露地“光合午休”是由气孔限制引起,而避雨棚和温室“光合午休”则是由气孔和非气孔两种限制因素共同作用导致的;露地栽培模式植株气孔限制值(Ls)高于避雨棚和温室栽培,避雨棚和温室栽培非气孔限制值(Pn/Gs)... 相似文献
2.
三种栽培方式对越橘光合特性影响 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
比较了3种栽培方式（露地、大棚、温室）对越橘‘蓝丰’净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）、胞间CO2浓度（Ci）等光合参数的影响。结果表明：‘蓝丰’Pn日进程曲线呈“双峰”型,3种栽培方式下‘蓝丰’均出现光合午休现象。露地栽培的‘蓝丰’Gs高峰值出现在8:00点和18:00点,大棚和温室的Gs高峰值则出现在10:00点和16:00点,但三者的Gs最低值都出现在14:00点。3种栽培方式的‘蓝丰’Ci均是从6:00点开始下降,在10:00点到16:00点之间保持较低水平,16:00点之后开始迅速上升。进一步分析表明,露地栽培的‘蓝丰’在10:00-14:00点时的Pn下降主要受气孔限制因素的影响,而其他时间的Pn下降则是受非气孔限制因素影响。在设施栽培方式下,越橘‘蓝丰’Pn的下降主要是非气孔限制因素引起的。 相似文献
3.
以多年生西藏箭竹(Fargesia setosa)、紫竹(Phyllostachys nigra)为试材,运用Li-6400光合测定仪对其光合参数和光响应进行测定分析,并通过差异性分析及生理因子的相关性分析进一步探讨2个竹种之间的生理差异,以期为2种类型竹种的栽培和经营管理提供参考依据。结果表明:2个竹种净光合速率(Pn)差异显著,西藏箭竹净光合速率(Pmax=11.381μmol·m-2·s-1)显著大于紫竹的净光合速率(Pmax=3.451μmol·m-2·s-1),西藏箭竹净光合速率Pn随光照有效辐射的增加呈增加趋势,紫竹呈先增加后降低趋势;西藏箭竹气孔导度(Gs)随光照有效辐射的增加呈增加趋势,紫竹呈先增加后降低趋势;西藏箭竹和紫竹胞间CO2浓度(Ci)随光照有效辐射的增加均呈显著降低趋势;西藏箭竹蒸腾速率随光照有效辐射的增加呈增加趋势,紫竹呈先增加后降低趋势。相关性分析中,西藏箭竹与紫竹的净光合速率均与胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)呈显著相关,而西藏箭竹的净光合速率(Pn)还同时受到水分利用效率(WUE)的影响。总体来说,西藏箭竹与紫竹相关光合生理特性随光照有效辐射的变化存在较明显的差异,西藏箭竹潜在光合能力明显优于紫竹,即西藏箭竹光合积累能力优于紫竹;西藏箭竹较紫竹更加适应强光辐射生境,即西藏箭竹适合阳坡生境,紫竹适合阴坡和半阴坡生境。该研究为西藏林芝地区及原产地城市园林绿化建设中对竹种生境的选择和栽培管理提供参考。 相似文献
4.
《南方园艺》2021,(4)
在自然条件下对贵州喀斯特地区主栽百香果品种:台农1号、芭乐味黄金果、满天星的叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)及相关的生理因子和生态因子的日变化进行测定,分析不同百香果品种间的光合、蒸腾速率的差异性以及影响因子对光合、蒸腾速率日变化的影响。结果表明:台农1号的光合速率Pn、蒸腾速率Tr、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)等都比芭乐味黄金果及满天星高,说明台农1号更加适宜贵州喀斯特地区种植,这为贵州百香果优质种质资源的引进筛选提供科学依据;Pn与生态因子有效光合辐射(PAR)、Gs关系最为密切,都呈现极显著正相关,与Ci呈现极显著负相关。PAR是Pn的决定因子,而生理因子中Gs作为主要的限制因子;Tr与气温(Ta)、PAR呈现极显著正相关,与Ci呈现极显著负相关。生态因子Ta与PAR是Tr的决定因子,生理因子中Gs作为Tr的主要限制因子。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
树龄对“绿宝”苹果生长及光合特性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以2年生(未结果树)和5年生(结果树)的"绿宝"苹果树为试材,对生长指标(新梢生长量,干径增长量,叶面积)、光合指标(净光合速率(Pn),蒸腾速率(Tr),气孔导度(Gs),胞间二氧化碳浓度(int-CO2))及色素含量(叶绿素、类胡萝卜素)进行了测定分析。结果表明:结果树的新梢生长量、叶面积、Pn、色素含量显著或极显著高于未结果树;蒸腾速率显著低于未结果树;干径增长量、Gs、int-CO2均与未结果树无显著差异;结果树的CO2补偿点和饱和点均高于未结果树。综合分析认为,"绿宝"苹果未结果树的光合能力以及生长量较结果树低,可进一步研究采取相应栽培措施提高未结果树的同化能力。 相似文献
8.
利用Li-6400便携式光合作用测定系统测定了2a生欧李叶片秋季光合生理生态特性及环境因子日变化,并采用相关分析和逐步回归法探讨了欧李叶片净光合速率的主要影响因子。结果表明:欧李净光合速率(Pn)日变化曲线为双峰型,第1峰(峰值为7.96μmol.m-2.s-1)出现在10:00左右,第2峰(峰值为6.26μmol.m-2.s-1)出现于15:00左右,具有一定程度的光合"午休"现象。欧李Pn与气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)以及光合有效辐射(PAR)显著正相关,而与胞间CO2浓度(Ci)及空气相对湿度(RH)显著负相关。其光合"午休"现象原因主要为气孔关闭引起的气孔限制因素。Gs与Ci为影响欧李Pn的关键因子,Gs影响最大、Ci次之。 相似文献
9.
用Li-6400便携式光合测定系统对甜茶的光合-光强响应曲线和光合日变化进行了测定.结果表明:100％光下甜茶的光饱和点、光补偿点与最大净光合速率均显著高于30％光下的值,但2种光下甜茶的表观量子效率值均较低,且无显著差异,说明甜茶强光下的光合能力较强,但对弱光的利用效率较低.全光下甜茶的净光合速率(Pn)日进程呈双峰型曲线,中午前后Pn的下降与此时的强光、高温和低湿度有关,但非气孔限制是主要限制因素.逐步多元回归和通径分析表明,光合有效辐射、气温、叶温和空气湿度是直接影响净光合速率日变化的主要因子.因此,甜茶适宜种植在阳光充足的环境,但夏季适度遮荫利于其生长. 相似文献
10.
不同欧李品种(系)光合与水分利用特性比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以9种不同欧李品种(系)为试材,使用GFS3000光合测定系统测定了自然条件下叶片的光合和水分利用特性。结果表明:9种欧李品种(系)的净光合速率(Pn)、叶片气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、蒸腾比率(TR)、水分利用效率(WUE)均存在差异;在新疆生产建设兵团第十四师二二四团的生长环境下,Pn与Gs、Tr、WUE呈极显著正相关关系,而与Ci、TR呈极显著负相关关系;Ci与TR呈极显著正相关相关关系,与WUE呈极显著负相关关系;Gs与Tr呈极显著正相关关系,与TR呈显著负相关关系;Pn最高的"宏宇Ⅵ号"其WUE较高,但不是最高;WUE最高的"宏宇Ⅰ号"其Pn较高,但不是最高;"01-01号"的Pn和WUE均最低,其它品种(系)的Pn和WUE均处于中等水平,不同的欧李品种(系)通过不同方式协调自身的光合和水分利用来适应生长的环境。 相似文献
11.
Zusammenfassung Die Leistungsprüfungen wurden im Zeitraum 1997 bis 2003 mit den Unterlagen Gisela 4 und 5, den Klonnummern 195/20 und 497/8 aus der Gisela-Serie sowie Weiroot 10, 13, 53, 72 und 158 durchgeführt. Dabei dienten Sämlinge von P1 (bulgarische Selektion aus Prunus mahaleb) als Kontrolle. Alle Unterlagen waren mit der Sorte Stella veredelt und im Dezember 1996 in der Versuchsanlage der Agraruniversität in Plovdiv, Bulgarien, im Abstand von 6 m×4,5 m gepflanzt worden. Dabei erfolgte ein Pflanzschnitt. Nach Abschluss der natürlichen Kronenentwicklung wurde jedes Jahr ein Winterschnitt vorgenommen. Der Boden wurde durch mechanische Bearbeitung offen gehalten und nach dem 4. Standjahr wurden die Baumstreifen mit Herbiziden behandelt. Die Wasserversorgung erfolgte durch eine dem natürlichen Gefälle folgende Überflutung, allerdings nicht immer zum optimalen Zeitpunkt, da keine eigene Wasserquelle zur Verfügung stand.Basierend auf den Ergebnissen bis zum Anfang des 7. Standjahres können die untersuchten Unterlagen in zwei Gruppen differenziert werden: starkwüchsig—Weiroot 10, P1 und Weiroot 13; mittelstarkwachsend bis schwachwüchsig—Gi 497/8, Gisela 4, Weiroot 53, Weiroot 158, Gi 195/20, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 5. Letztere zeichnete sich durch besondere Schwachwüchsigkeit aus. Die meisten Wurzelschosser bildeten Gisela 4, Weiroot 10 und Weiroot 13. Weiroot 53, Weiroot 72 und Weiroot 158 entwickelten deutlich weniger und P1, Gisela 5, Gi 195/20 sowie Gi 497/8 keine Wurzelschosser. Den frühesten Blühbeginn induzierte Gisela 4. Die anderen Unterlagen führten, in Abhängigkeit von den Temperaturbedingungen des jeweiligen Jahres, zu einer Verspätung der Blüte: P1 und Weiroot 10 um 1–2 Tage; Gi 497/8, Weiroot 13 und Weiroot 158 um 2–4 Tage; Weiroot 72 um 2–7 Tage; Gi 195/20 um 3–6 Tage; Weiroot 53 um 3–8 Tage und Gisela 5 um 3–10 Tage. Die Reifezeit der Früchte war bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 im Vergleich zu den anderen Varianten um 2–3 Tage verspätet. Gisela 5, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 4 induzierten bei der aufveredelten Sorte die höchsten Ertragsleistungen, P1 die geringsten. Bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 war die Fruchtgröße geringer als bei den anderen Unterlagen. Bäume auf Gisela 5 brauchen intensive Pflege. Nur wenn alle Produktionsfaktoren und kulturtechnischen Maßnahmen optimiert werden, kann das hohe Ertragspotenzial dieser Unterlage ausgeschöpft werden. 相似文献
12.
AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β-particles emission from 188Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by 188Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [3H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of 188Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from 188 Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G0/G1 arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation. 相似文献
13.
AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration. 相似文献
14.
GONG Yong-sheng LI Ji-wu YANG Peng-lin FAN Xiao-fang HU Liang-gang ZHENG Lü-zhen JIANG Zhong-sun 《园艺学报》2003,19(9):1261-1264
AIM:To investigate the effect of puerarin on pulmonary vessel collagen metabolism in pulmonary hypertension rats induced by chronic hypoxia and hypercapnia.METHODS:Collagen Ⅰ, Ⅲ and their mRNA were observed in pulmonary arterioles by the technique of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.RESULTS:① Light microscopy showed media thickness of pulmonary arterioles was much higher in HH(hypoxic-hypercapnia) group than that of NC(normal control) group, and, vessel cavity turned more straiter in HH group than that of NC group.However, the damage of pulmonary arterioles in HP(hypoxic-pueratin) group was much slighter than that of HH group. ② The levels of plasma ET-1 and lung homogenates Hyr were much higher in HH group than those of NC group(P＜0.01), and lower in HP group than HH groups(P＜0.01).Plasma NO content in group HH was lower than that of group NC(P＜0.01), it was higher in group HP than that of group HH(P＜0.01).③Expression of collagen Ⅰ and collagen Ⅰ mRNA in pulmonary arterioles were significantly higher in HH groups than those of NC group (P＜0.01), and they were lower in HP group than those of HH group (P＜0.01).Expression of collagen Ⅲ and collagen Ⅲ mRNA showed no difference among three groups(P＞0.05).CONCLUSION:Puerarin inhibited the deposition of collagen and improved pulmonary vessel remodeling. 相似文献
15.
AIM: To examine the autoantibody against α1-adrenoceptor and its biologic activities during the development of renal hypertension. METHODS: Renal hypertension of rat was achieved by clipped renal artery, the titre of autoantibody to α1-adrenoceptor was detected using ELISA immunoassay. Furthermore, the biological offects of these autoantibodies on cultured cardiomyocytes were also examined. RESULTS: After two weeks of clipping renal arteries, both the frequency of occurrence and the titre of autoantibodies to cardiac α1-adrenergic receptor were significantly increased as compared with the control of pre-treatment. The increased autoantibodies lasted for several weeks and then automatically decreased gradually to the pre-clipping level at 12 weeks. The biological effects of these autoantibodies displayed an "agonistic-like" activities on the beating frequency of cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION: Autoantibodies against α1-adrenoceptor may play a role in the elevation of peripheral vascular resistance and in the development of cardiac hypertrophy in rats with renal hypertension. 相似文献
16.
《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(3):101-120
Abstract Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared. 相似文献
17.
《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(1):139-156
Abstract This review is based partly on complete articles and partly on abstracts. Three of the 60 articles deal with the total uptake of elements in strawberry plant organs in two different strawberry production systems, both considered as optimal concerning amount and balance of elements. The effect on fruit quality may be dramatic if the level of a particular element is outside this range, but there may also be effects initiated by differences within the optimal range of elements. Most articles refer to product oriented quality, but some focus on consumer oriented quality, as discussed by Shewfelt (1999). The discussion here is on a general basis, so one should keep in mind that there are cultivar differences and that specification of nutrition ideally should mirror the needs of a single cultivar, or a group of cultivars with similar requirements. Also, to get a complete understanding of the subject future reviews should embrace a broader access of information including the effect on plant development of individual elements, such as the role of calcium in fruit firmness and its importance in cell wall structure. However, the intention here is to narrow the information to results that suggest a direct connection between nutrient uptake and fruit quality. 相似文献
18.
The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species. 相似文献
19.
Habitat for wide-ranging species should be addressed at multiple scales to fully understand factors that limit populations.
The marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus), a threatened seabird, forages on the ocean and nests inland in large trees. We developed statistical relationships between
murrelet use (occupancy and abundance) and habitat variables quantified across many spatial scales (statewide to local) and
two time periods in California and southern Oregon, USA. We also addressed (1) if old-growth forest fragmentation was negatively
associated with murrelet use, and (2) if some nesting areas are more important than others due to their proximity to high
quality marine habitat. Most landscapes used for nesting were restricted to low elevation areas with frequent fog. Birds were
most abundant in unfragmented old-growth forests located within a matrix of mature second-growth forest. Murrelets were less
likely to occupy old-growth habitat if it was isolated (> 5 km) from other nesting murrelets. We found a time lag in response
to fragmentation, where at least a few years were required before birds abandoned fragmented forests. Compared to landscapes
with little tono murrelet use, landscapes with many murrelets were closer to the ocean's bays, river mouths, sandy shores,
submarine canyons, and marine waters with consistently high primary productivity. Within local landscapes (≤ 800ha), inland
factors limited bird abundance, but at the broadest landscape scale studied (3200 ha), proximity to marine habitat was most
limiting. Management should focus on protecting or creating large, contiguous old-growth forest stands, especially in low-elevation
areas near productive marine habitat.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
20.
多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。 相似文献