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1.
胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae,APP)是一种严重危害世界养猪业的重要病原菌,至少有15种血清型,根据所有血清型菌株仅在感染猪体内产生外毒素ApxⅣ的特点,建立了一种能够区分感染猪与免疫猪的鉴别诊断方法ApxⅣ-ELISA。研究在反应条件方面加以优化,将该诊断方法进一步研制成试剂盒,对其特异性、敏感性、重复性和稳定性进行了测试,与间接血凝试验及IDEXX公司的CHEKIT-APP-APXⅣ试剂盒进行了对比研究,并用该试剂盒检测了来自中国、英国、丹麦、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等国的临床猪血清1453份。结果表明,ApxⅣ-ELISA试剂盒具有很高的特异性和敏感性,与CHEKIT-APP-APXⅣ试剂盒的检测符合率为91.37%;3批试剂盒的批内和批间重复性良好(变异系数均<15%);试剂盒在2～8℃保存9个月内稳定性良好。所检种猪血样中,来自中国猪场1、中国猪场2、美国、加拿大、丹麦、澳大利亚和英国的ApxⅣ抗体阳性率分别为30.05%、70.69%、39.72%、0.64%、42.22%、1.85%和93.94%;所检我国2个规模化猪场的仔猪ApxIV抗体阳性率分别为21.77%和27.15%,育肥猪的阳性率分别为5.51%和11.07%。研究表明,ApxⅣ-ELISA试剂盒能够有效区分APP感染猪与三价灭活疫苗或亚单位疫苗免疫猪。 相似文献
2.
摘要: 为了区分伪狂犬病野毒感染猪与糖蛋白E(gE )基因缺失疫苗免疫猪，利用大肠杆菌(Eschirchia coli )BL21(DE3)表达伪狂犬病病毒gE糖蛋白，经纯化、变性、复性等处理后将gE蛋白作为抗原建立了伪狂犬病的gE-ELISA鉴别诊断方法。以该方法检测115份已知背景猪血清，结果表明，该方法诊断特异性为94.5%，诊断敏感性为96.7%。以5块不同批次的包被抗原的酶标板检测5份血清，结果显示阳性血清的变异系数均小于10%，表明该方法重复性好。对比国外阻断gE-ELISA同时检测临床356份猪血清，两者阳性符合率为87.44%（195/223），总符合率为92.13%（328/356）。以上结果表明该gE-ELISA特异、敏感且重复性好，可用于猪伪狂犬病的鉴别诊断。 相似文献
3.
实时荧光定量PCR检测胸膜肺炎放线杆菌方法的建立及应用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
研究建立检测胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae,APP)的实时荧光定量PCR方法,并运用建立的检测方法对临床病料进行应用检测.根据GenBank报道的胸膜肺炎放线杆菌apxⅣA基因3'端391 bp核苷酸保守序列,设计1对特异引物扩增117 bp核苷酸片段,建立检测APP的实时荧光定量PCR方法和标准曲线,并利用该方法对收集肺脏组织和人工感染组织材料进行APP核酸定量检测.结果表明,构建的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法具有良好敏感性、特异性、重复性和临床应用性.该方法的建立为APP的临床高效诊断和APP感染的发生、发展和转归研究提供了一种有效手段. 相似文献
4.
猪Ⅱ型圆环病毒检测方法的建立及应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据GenBank上已发表的Ⅱ型猪圆环病毒（PCV-2）的基因序列，设计并合成1对能特异性扩增Ⅱ型猪圆环病毒（Porcine circovims）的引物，建立了PCR方法检测PCV-2并研制出试剂盒。然后对试剂盒的敏感性、特异性和有效期进行了研究。结果表明，该试剂盒只能扩增出PCV-2，具有很好的特异性。PCR方法可检测出0．5pg的模板DNA。试剂盒经过反复冻融后，不影响其检测效果。有效期在一20℃至少可以保存1年。 相似文献
5.
应用纯化禽流感病毒(AIV)H5抗原免疫Balb/c小鼠,得到2株配对良好的抗AIV H5单抗;采用金标免疫层析法制备AIV H5亚型金标快速诊断试剂盒,并对试剂盒性能进行评价.实验结果表明,AIV-H5金标试剂盒与AIV H5以外其它亚型及其它禽类病毒不发生交叉反应,其灵敏度达1/27,稳定性良好:试剂盒检测人工感染AIV H5的鸡脏器组织,结果除心脏、泄殖腔拭子和喉拭子外,其余脏器均呈阳性,与鸡胚病毒分离培养结果相符;田间试验结果与荧光RT-PCR试剂盒检测符合率达100%. 相似文献
6.
农产品质量安全快速检测试剂盒评价方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对农产品质量安全检测监管工作中所使用的快速检测产品的梳理,将快速检测试剂盒分为定量型、定性型、非定量非定性型试剂盒3类,分别以酶联免疫快速检测试剂盒、胶体金免疫层析法快速检测试剂盒和植物性样品中有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类农药残留的酶抑制-比色法快速检测试剂盒为例,根据各类试剂盒的特征和检测目的,从准确度、精密度、重复性、检出限、定量限、线性范围、特异性、基质效应、完成批量样品所用的时间、前处理过程中使用的仪器数量、前处理方法的难易程度、对农药的敏感性等方面对3类试剂盒的评价方法进行了初步探索和研究。 相似文献
7.
通过TMpred生物学软件分析猪水肿毒素(SLT-IIe) A亚基蛋白质结构并设计引物、构建表达质粒使基因片段获得可溶性表达。SDS-PAGE和Western-blotting分析表明，表达产物具有可溶性从而主要存在于裂解上清液，易于纯化且具有良好免疫学活性。生物学毒性试验表明该可溶性蛋白不能致死小白鼠，也不具有Vero细胞毒性。体外细胞毒性中和试验表明表达产物的兔抗血清能高效中和SLT-IIe（中和度90.4℅）。在小鼠免疫保护力试验中，表达产物作为免疫原不能提供任何保护力。以表达产物为抗原建立的检测SLT-IIe抗体的间接ELISA方法具有良好的特异性、敏感性和稳定性，可用于临床猪水肿病的诊断。 相似文献
8.
本研究建立了检测牛肉中疯牛病特殊风险物质（主要是中枢神经组织）标记物GFAP mRNA的荧光RT-PCR检测技术。试验结果表明：该技术具有良好的种属特异性和组织特异性，只能从牛源和羊源的中枢神经组织中检测到GFAP，猪源和禽源检测结果为阴性，而且只有脑和脊髓等中枢神经组织产生阳性反应，其他内脏组织以及不同部位牛肉检测结果均为阴性；敏感性检测结果表明，该方法最低检测限达到0.001%以下；稳定性试验结果表明，100°C 加热处理30min对检测结果无明显影响，中枢神经组织在30°C以上室温可以稳定存放4天， 在4°C可以稳定冷藏2周，检测结果仍然为阳性。该结果显示，所建立的荧光RT-PCR技术用于牛肉中疯牛病特殊风险物质的检测具有特异性强、敏感性高、稳定性好及快速方便等优点，适合于在日常检测工作中推广使用。 相似文献
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10.
猪传染性胸膜肺炎(porcine contagious pleuropneumonia,PCP)是猪(Sus scrofa)的一种呼吸道疾病,影响世界养猪业,其病原菌为猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae,APP),现有疫苗由于保护效果不甚理想,因此有必要寻找新的疫苗候选分子。本研究检测了猪APP重组NLPI蛋白(recombinant NLPI,rNLPI)的免疫保护作用。根据Gen Bank中已报道的APP nlpi基因序列设计引物对,然后以APP的基因组为模板PCR扩增nlpi基因,测序后进行生物信息学分析,发现该基因(Gen Bank No.:MH027649)由900 bp组成,编码1个含299个氨基酸的蛋白质,为一外膜脂蛋白,此外膜蛋白在多种APP血清型之间具有很高同源性。将nlpi基因亚克隆至p ET32a(+)载体,转化大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)BL21(DE3),用异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(isopropylβ-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside,IPTG)诱导表达APP rNLPI,并经十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,SDSPAGE)和蛋白质印迹(Western blot,WB)确认。结果表明,在34 k D处有特异性条带,可被相应的阳性血清识别。动物保护实验采用BALB/c小鼠(Mus musculus)进行,酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay,ELISA)用于测定免疫球蛋G(immunoglobulin G,IgG)抗体滴度。结果表明,弗氏不完全佐剂+50μg rNLPI、弗氏不完全佐剂+30μg rNLPI、弗氏不完全佐剂+10μg rNLPI、30μg rNLPI免疫后,可诱导小鼠分别产生40%、20%、10%和20%的存活率;佐剂组和生理盐水对照组存活率为0。幸存小鼠慢慢恢复健康,并正常采食。可见,rNLPI皮下免疫可诱导小鼠产生免疫应答和较高的抗攻击感染的免疫保护力。该研究结果为进一步筛选猪传染性胸膜肺炎分子疫苗积累了基础资料。 相似文献
11.
Zhao C Liu W Ling H Lu S Zhang Y Liu J Xi R 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(17):6879-6884
A polyclonal anti-gatifloxacin antibody has been prepared, and an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) was developed on the basis of the antibody prepared for the first time. The antibody shows high sensitivity with an IC50 value of 2.6 ppb and excellent specificity with only a minor cross-reaction with lomefloxacin (3.0%) among common (fluoro)quinolones evaluated in this study. The high specificity of the antibody was explained by the molecular structures of related drugs by comparison with published research. The cELISA test kit developed has a detection limit of 0.05 ppb and could be used as a screening method to detect and regulate illegal use of gatifloxacin in food and food products. The test kit was applied to the detection of milk samples spiked by gatifloxacin. The recovery rates were in the range of 86-106%, whereas the intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were <14.3 and <19.6%, respectively. 相似文献
12.
The performance of a commercially available microtiter plate ELISA kit for the determination of diazinon was evaluated for sensitivity, selectivity, intra-assay repeatability, accuracy, and matrix effects in fortified distilled water and filtered and unfiltered environmental surface water samples. Repeatability and reproducibility studies show that the kit satisfies current EPA criteria for the assessment of analytical methods. Mean recoveries from spiked samples averaged 80.3, 95.5, and 103.5% from distilled, unfiltered surface, and filtered surface waters, respectively. The experimentally determined method detection limit (MDL) for the commercial diazinon microtiter plate format (0.0159 microg L(-)(1)) was comparable to the least detectable dose (LDD) established by the manufacturer (0.022 microg L(-)(1)). Specificity studies indicate that the diazinon polyclonal antibody can readily distinguish the target compound from other structurally similar organophosphorus analogues, with the exception of diazoxon. Cross-reactivity with the oxon was approximately 29%, while reactivity with pirimiphos-methyl, pirimiphos-ethyl, and chlorpyrifos-ethyl was negligible. A slight matrix effect was discovered to be present in both filtered and unfiltered environmental water matrixes, but its effect on the immunoassays is insignificant within experimental error. For validation of the microtiter plate ELISA format, environmental surface and storm runoff water samples were collected, split, and analyzed directly by ELISA and by liquid-liquid extraction followed by GC (California State Department of Food and Agriculture method EM 46.0). Results of the two analytical methods were then compared statistically. A close correlation was found between methods for unspiked and untreated river water samples (r = 0.969) while a much less robust correlation was obtained for runoff waters (r = 0.728). Results from runoff waters exhibit a particularly high positive bias for the ELISA method relative to the GC method. Cross-reactivity of diazoxon and probably other unidentified cross-reacting components may be responsible for the exaggerated account of the target analyte in surface and runoff waters. While excellent for screening purposes, further study is required to elucidate and quantify the factors responsible for the consistent overestimation of ELISA results before the kit can be employed routinely for regulatory compliance monitoring. 相似文献
13.
抗苯巴比妥单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株的筛选及ciELISA试剂盒的研制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用BSA-pAPB免疫Balb/c小鼠，用细胞融合技术制备并用间接ELISA和阻断ELISA筛选抗苯巴比妥单克隆抗体(PB mAb)杂交瘤细胞株，体内诱生腹水法生产PB mAb，应用PB mAb研制PB残留竞争ELISA(ciELISA)快速检测试剂盒(PB-Kit)，并测定其性能。结果表明，筛选出3株杂交瘤细胞，最好的3F6-C4株的PB mAb间接ELISA效价为1∶6.4×105，亲和常数(Ka)为1.96×1010 L/moL，半数抑制浓度(IC50)为5.7 μg/L，与巴比妥的交叉反应率(CR%)12.4%，与其它化合物无CR；PB-Kit的线性检测范围1.0～81 μg/L，灵敏度0.75 μg/L，检测限1 μg/L；饲料样和猪尿样的平均添加回收率85.8%和91.3%，平均批内和批间变异系数均<15%。PB-Kit具有快速、敏感、特异、简便等特点，适合PB残留快速检测的推广应用。 相似文献
14.
Sánchez D Tucková L Burkhard M Plicka J Mothes T Hoffmanová I Tlaskalová-Hogenová H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(7):2627-2632
A gluten-free diet (GFD) is the sole effective long-lasting treatment of celiac disease. Four monoclonal antibodies (Abs) were prepared by immunization of animals kept on GFD with gliadin. The specificity of these Abs to decapeptides of alpha- and gamma-gliadin and omega-secalin was analyzed by the PEPSCAN technique. Repetitive sequences of alpha- and gamma-gliadin and omega-secalin containing the motifs QPFPXQ (X = Q, L, P) were recognized by all Abs tested. These Abs also frequently reacted with peptides containing the sequences QQSFPQQ, QQTFPQP, and QPFRPQ. On the basis of PEPSCAN results two Abs--8D4 and 7C6--were selected for the construction of a new ELISA kit for the detection of gliadin in food. The comparison of data obtained using the newly developed ELISA kit and commercially available ones indicated that Abs selection on the basis of their fine specificity to gliadin is useful for sensitive detection of gliadin in foods. 相似文献
15.
鸡传染性鼻炎自家油乳苗免疫的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验用从广西分离的二株引起鸡传染性鼻炎的副鸡嗜血杆菌 ( H aemophilus paragallinarum,H.pg) GX 97、GX 981株研制成自家油乳苗 ,进行后备鸡免疫试验 ,免疫后 3、 6、 9和 1 2个月进行免疫抗体检测和攻毒试验。结果表明 ,免疫后 6个月 90 %免疫鸡的抗体滴度在 1∶ 640以上 ,9个月抽样攻毒有 75%～ 80 %的鸡获得保护。大田免疫试验也获得了良好的效果。证明自家油乳苗免疫接种也是防制该病的一个有效途径。 相似文献
16.
Jahouach W Essid K Trabelsi M Frikha MH 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(19):7137-7143
This work is a contribution to the study of the bleaching process, which is a very important stage in the refining process of vegetable oils and used to reduce or convert undesired constituents to harmless ones from fats and oils. The virgin olive oil, taken as reference, and the pomace-olive oil were bleached in the optimal conditions using Tunisian bleaching earths (South of Tunisia) which were activated in our laboratory and compared with commercial clays. It was shown that activated Tunisian clays are characterized by a very important adsorptive capacity, comparable to that of commercial clays. Also, the physicochemical stability of bleached oils was studied. The fatty acid composition (GC), the triacylglycerol composition (HPLC), and the oxidative stability (UV spectrometry) allowed us to conclude that oils, bleached with the Tunisian activated clays, do not undergo considerable physicochemical alterations and remain corresponding to the international standards for refined oils for human consumption. 相似文献
17.
基于偏振光和聚类分析的皮蛋壳裂纹无损检测(英文) 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
检测出缸皮蛋蛋壳是否有裂纹是确保皮蛋质量的重要环节。腌制好的皮蛋蛋壳表面大量的灰褐色斑点和一些大块黑斑使得其蛋壳表面的裂纹不易检测。皮蛋表壳斑点和裂纹的微细结构不同,对偏振光的退偏程度也不一样,可以利用皮蛋表壳各点偏振度的差异来识别其裂纹。该文设计了皮蛋表壳偏振图像采集系统,基于皮蛋0、45°、90°、-45°4个偏振角度的图像和斯托克斯公式获得皮蛋表壳裂纹的偏振度图像,对偏振图像进行阈值预处理后,以皮蛋表壳偏振图像中像素最高且连通区域最大部分作为中心,截取100×100像素的图像,提取该图像裂纹长度、均方比、偏度和峰度等4个特征参数,采用Kmeans聚类分析算法准确识别了皮蛋表壳裂纹。试验证明,该方法综合准确率为93%,其中好壳皮蛋识别准确率为100%,裂纹蛋识别准确率为88.3%,这表明偏振光检测技术能有效地识别皮蛋蛋壳裂纹。 相似文献
18.
Yang MC Fang JM Kuo TF Wang DM Huang YL Liu LY Chen PH Chang TH 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(22):8851-8856
This study provides a practical method for production of the antibodies against malachite green (MG) and its primary metabolite leucomalachite green (LMG). Two ELISA kits are constructed with the MG and LMG antibodies for detection of the residual MG and LMG in fish muscle and fishpond water. The detection limit is established at the level of 0.05 microg/L for both MG and LMG. Our ELISA kits show the advantages of good specificity, high sensitivity, and convenience in rapid screening of MG and LMG residues. The sample of fishpond water, without extraction or prior preparation, is directly assayed by the ELISA kit. More then 80 fish samples can be simultaneously tested in a kit. The toxic crystal violet and its metabolite leucocrystal violet of illegal use in aquaculture are detected by our prepared MG and LMG antibodies, whereas the antibodies do not cross-react with common antibiotics, sulfonamides, and benzene derivatives. 相似文献
19.
DNA条形码与实时荧光定量PCR技术在铁皮石斛鉴定中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为建立铁皮石斛准确、高效的鉴定体系,本研究以101份石斛属和蝴蝶兰属植物样品为试验材料,通过对比ITS、psbA-trnH、matK及rbcL基因在石斛属植物中的鉴定能力,筛选出ITS作为本研究最理想的DNA条形码。以ITS序列作为靶基因,设计铁皮石斛特异引物和特异探针,以及石斛属通用引物和探针,利用实时荧光定量PCR(TaqMan)技术,建立铁皮石斛多重实时荧光PCR检测新体系,通过特异性、灵敏度和实际样本验证,发现参试样品中的25份铁皮石斛均可被有效鉴定,与其他鉴定方法相比,该方法具有特异性强、灵敏度高(高出普通PCR 100倍)、重复性好且高效经济的优势。本研究结果对铁皮石斛的资源保护与利用起到了积极作用。 相似文献