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在肉猪日粮中 ,适当降低日粮营养水平 ,添加酶制剂可明显提高饲料利用率 ,降低能量和粗蛋白的消耗量。经试验 ,对照组日粮含粗蛋白 1 4 .2 %～ 1 6 .0 % ,消化能 1 2 .97～ 1 3.0 5 MJ/ kg,粗纤维 3.5 0 %～ 3.6 8% ;试验组前期选用 、 、 号配合料 ,后期选用 、 、 号配合料。结果表明 ,试验 1组 (前期为 号料 ,后期为 号料 )经济效益最佳 ,在肉猪日粮中添加适量酶制剂 ,有助于降低日粮中的消化能和蛋白质水平 相似文献
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<正>国内外许多试验结果得出秸秆经酶制剂处理后,粗蛋白含量增加,牛羊对它的自由采食量增加13%~15%,粗纤维的消化率和增重提高,从而可提高家畜的增重。酶制剂处理的突出优点是:把秸秆中粗纤维的纤维素和半纤维素切成短的链条,并切割成单葡萄糖分子被牛羊瘤胃中的消化酶吸收利用,可以给瘤胃微生物提供更多的合成蛋白质的原料。 相似文献
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添加纤维素复合酶制剂对羔羊日粮营养物质消化的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为研究纤维素酶制剂对羔羊消化性能的影响,选取体重相近、健康断奶的萨福克羊与小尾寒羊杂交一代4月龄羔羊60只,随机分为5组,分别为对照组(CP 18.54%,DE 13.04 MJ/kg)、低蛋白日粮加酶组(Ⅰ组CP 16.44%,DE 13.04 MJ/kg,复合纤维素酶0.2%)、低蛋白日粮组(Ⅱ组CP 16.44%,DE 13.04 MJ/kg)、低能量日粮加酶组(Ⅲ组CP18.54%,DE 12.26 MJ/kg,复合纤维素酶0.2%)、低能量日粮组(Ⅳ组CP 18.54%,DE 12.26 MJ/kg).饲喂30天后,采用全收粪法收集粪样.结果表明日粮能量水平和蛋白质水平影响羔羊对日粮营养物质的消化.降低日粮蛋白或能量水平显著降低了日粮DM、CP、EE、CF的消化率以及钙、磷吸收率.比较而言,能量水平对各种养分消化率的影响更大.同时,酶制剂作用效果受日粮能量水平的影响大于日粮蛋白质水平对其的影响;低蛋白日粮加入复合纤维素酶制剂有提高粗纤维消化率的趋势(但未达到显著水平,P＞0.05),不能提高粗脂肪的消化率和钙磷的吸收率;而低日粮能量水平添加加酶制剂,可以显著提高(P＜0.05)粗脂肪的消化率、钙的吸收率,但不能提高粗纤维的消化率,也不能改善磷的吸收率. 相似文献
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1合理选择和搭配饲料原料1.1选择适宜的鹅营养需要推荐量目前我国还没有建立肉鹅的营养需要数据库资料,商品肉鹅养殖场(户)多借鉴美国NRC(1994)、前苏联(1990)的营养推荐量。近年来,国内一些学者针对我国肉鹅的养殖方式、所使用的品种等提出:商品肉鹅在0～4周龄能量水平、蛋白水平和粗纤维水平分别为11.5～12.2MJ/kg、19%～22%和3%～4%;5～8周龄能量水平、蛋白水平和粗纤维水平分别为10.5～12.0MJ/kg、16%～18%和7%～8%时[1～6],商品肉鹅能表现出较好的生长潜力,同时也有利于降低饲料 相似文献
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本研究旨在探讨饲粮中不同粗蛋白、粗纤维水平对四川白獭兔种母兔生产性能的影响,以确定其适宜的蛋白质、粗纤维需要量。试验饲粮设计4个处理,粗蛋白/粗纤维水平分别是18.59%/15.62%、19.84%/16.06%、19.05%/17.55%、18.56%/16.00%。结果表明:饲粮粗蛋白/粗纤维水平为19.05%/17.55%时,母兔受胎率、仔兔平均初生窝重、窝仔数、初生个体重显著高于其余各处理(P<0.05),说明妊娠期母兔适宜的粗蛋白/粗纤维水平为19.05%/17.55%;饲粮粗蛋白/粗纤维水平为19.84%/16.06%、18.56%/16.00%时母兔泌乳量、仔兔生长性能高于其余各处理(P<0.05),说明泌乳期适宜的饲粮粗蛋白/粗纤维水平为19.84%/16.06%或18.56%/16.00%。 相似文献
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1. Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of level of inclusion of poultry by-product and enzyme-prebiotic supplementation on grower diet digestibility and the performance of broilers. 2. Six grower diets were formulated to provide a similar nutrient profile with the exception of using three graded levels of poultry by-product, namely 0, 25, 40 g/kg of the diet with and without supplementation of enzyme preparation at the rate of 1 kg per tonne of feed and prebiotic preparation at the rate of 2 kg per tonne of feed. The experimental diets were used from 3 to 6 weeks of age. 3. Body weights, feed intake and feed conversion efficiency were not affected by poultry by-product; however, enzyme-prebiotic had a significant positive effect on feed conversion efficiency at 0 to 6 weeks in experiment 1. 4. Crude protein digestibility was decreased by feeding the diet containing poultry by-product while ether extract digestibility was increased by poultry by-product at the rate of 25 g per kg of feed only. Dry matter retention, crude fibre digestibility and organic matter retention were not affected by poultry by-product. Dry matter and organic matter retentions, crude protein, ether extract and crude fibre digestibilities were not affected by enzyme-prebiotic. 5. Protein efficiency ratio (PER) values were increased by poultry by-product at the rate of 40 g per kg of feed and addition of enzyme-prebiotic. 相似文献
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Four 40 kg castrated male pigs fitted with simple 'T' cannulas in the terminal ileum were given diets of varying crude fibre content in a change-over experiment with two periods. The basal diet was composed of wheat and fishmeal supplemented with minerals and vitamins. To this was added varying levels of partially hydrolysed straw meal to give crude fibre contents ranging from 40 to 132 g/kg. After adaptation to the particular levels of straw meal, faeces and ileal digesta were collected during successive 24 h periods. Nutrient digestibility values were determined by the chromic oxide ratio method. The addition of treated straw meal to the diet had little or no influence on the DM content of digesta or faeces. The excretion of N in faeces increased with increasing fibre intake but there was no effect on urine N excretion. The overall apparent digestibility of N was reduced from 89 to 79% as crude fibre intake increased from 40 to 132 g/kg but ileal apparent digestibility of N remained constant at about 68%, suggesting that the effect was mediated through hindgut bacteria. Increased fibre intake caused increased net secretion of Na in the small intestine and reduced the apparent absorption of P in the large intestine. 相似文献
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饲用复合酶对蛋用种鸡日粮磷的利用和生产性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究低磷日粮添加复合酶制剂对蛋用种鸡磷的利用和生产性能的影响。选用972只24周龄罗曼褐父母代种鸡,分为3个处理,每处理6个重复,每重复54只种鸡。采用玉米-豆粕-杂粕型基础饲粮,正对照组含总磷0.55%,非植酸磷0.40%,不加酶;负对照组含总磷0.40%,非植酸磷0.21%,不加酶;试验组含总磷0.40%,非植酸磷0.21%,加酶制剂。试验期18周。结果表明:在低非植酸磷的日粮中添加复合酶,粪便中磷含量极显著低于正对照组(P<0.01);粪便中粗蛋白质含量显著低于正对照组和负对照组(P<0.05);显著改善蛋黃顔色(P<0.05);不影响生产性能、骨骼发育和蛋壳质量。添加200 g/t复合酶替代罗曼褐蛋用种鸡日粮中75%的磷酸氢钙能够降低饲料成本,提高养殖企业的经济效益,对罗曼褐蛋用种鸡生产性能无不利影响。 相似文献
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C B Delorme D Barrette R Mongeau N Larivière 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1985,49(3):278-285
We studied the growth, feed intake, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of groups of female Beagle puppies fed 16% or 22% crude protein rations to which 6% or 12% wheat bean was added at the expense of the total diet. The final neutral detergent fibre concentrations were 12%, 16%, 22% and 23% (dry matter basis). The addition of wheat bran to puppy rations, bringing the neutral detergent fibre up to 16% in a 21% crude protein diet had no deleterious effects on feed intake, feed and protein efficiency or growth in Beagle puppies. Over a sufficiently long period of time, the growth of this group did not differ from that of the controls (12% neutral detergent fibre, 23% crude protein) although it was higher at intermediate times. The effects of the high fibre (22 or 23% neutral detergent fibre) diets on growth, feed intake feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio are consistent with an energy deficit resulting from the animals' inability to adapt fully to the dilution of their rations leading to lower growth, less efficient use of feed and, in the case of group 3 (22% crude protein, 22% neutral detergent fibre), a lower protein efficiency ratio. The protein efficiency ratio of group 4 (16% crude protein, 23% neutral detergent fibre) was higher than that of group 3, most likely the result of a more limiting amount of dietary protein leading to a more efficient use for growth by the animal. We have concluded that intermediate levels of neutral detergent fibre (up to 16%) were not deleterious even in puppy rations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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D. J. Langhout J. B. Schutte C. Geerse A. K. Kies J. De Jong M. W. A. Verstegen 《British poultry science》1997,38(5):557-563
1. A study with growing chicks investigated the effects of an inclusion of an endo‐xylanase preparation (LYXASAN®) to a wheat‐ and rye‐based diet on performance and nutrient digestibility in relation to the fat source.
2. The basal diet contained 500 g wheat and 100 g rye/kg of diet. The basal diet was supplemented with either 65 g soya oil/kg or 60 g blended animal fat and 5 g soya oil/kg.
3. Endo‐xylanase added to the soya oil diet did not affect weight gain, but there was a numerical improvement in food conversion efficiency which was not statistically significant. When the endo‐xylanase preparation was added to the blended animal fat diet, both weight gain and food utilisation were improved by 9.5% and 6.0%, respectively (P< 0.05).
4. Digestibilities of organic matter, crude fat, crude fibre and NFE were not significantly affected by adding endo‐xylanase to the soya oil diet. However, when endo‐xylanase was included in the blended animal fat diet, digestibility of organic matter, crude fat, crude fibre and NFE were improved (P<0–05). The improvement in fat digestibility was the most pronounced, amounting to 9–4%. Nitrogen retention and metabolisable energy content were improved significantly by the addition of an endo‐xylanase to the animal fat diet (P< 0.05), by 6.6% and 6.5% respectively.
5. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the effects on chick performance and nutrient digestibility of a dietary endo‐xylanase in a wheat‐ and rye‐based diet are influenced to a considerable degree by the type of fat in the diet. 相似文献
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The hypothesis tested was that the intake of extra fat at the expense of an isoenergetic amount of nonstructural carbohydrates reduces fibre utilisation in horses. In a crossover trial with feeding periods of 42 days each, 6 mature trotting horses (age 4-12 years, bodyweight 340-476 kg) were given either a control or test diet. The test concentrate was formulated to contain 37% of net energy in the form of soybean oil. The control concentrate contained an isoenergetic amount of corn starch plus glucose. The concentrates were fed in combination with the same amount of hay so that the control and test diet contained 25.13 and 86.66 g crude fat/kg dry matter, respectively. Apart from the amounts of fat and nonstructural carbohydrates, the 2 diets were identical. The test diet reduced the apparent total tract digestibilities of crude fibre, neutral and acid detergent fibre by 8.0 (P = 0.007), 6.2 (P = 0.022) and 8.3 (P = 0.0005) percentage units, respectively. It is suggested that a high fat intake by horses may increase the amount of fat entering the large intestine to levels that depress fermentation by cellulolytic bacteria. The observed interaction between fat content of the diet and fibre utilisation may have consequences for practical horse feeding in that calculating the energy content of test diets on the basis of feedstuff tables leads to overestimating the amount of energy provided by the high-fibre ingredients of the diets. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究临武鸭对几种糟渣类原料(白酒糟、啤酒糟、2种酱油渣、灵芝菌糠、柑橘渣和甘蔗糖渣)的养分利用率和代谢能,及添加复合酶制剂(蛋白酶、纤维素酶和木聚糖酶)对几种糟渣类原料养分利用率和代谢能的影响。试验选用48只体重2.0 kg左右的健康成年临武鸭公鸭,随机分为8组,每组6个重复,每重复1只鸭。采用绝食强饲-全收粪法进行代谢试验,将待测原料与无氮饲粮按1∶2的重量比混合配成试验原料,每种原料均设对照组和添加复合酶制剂组(试验原料中添加250 mg/kg的复合酶制剂),对照组和添加复合酶制剂组的试验分2个批次进行,测定添加复合酶制剂对临武鸭几种糟渣类原料养分利用率和代谢能。结果表明:临武鸭对几种糟渣类原料的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)和粗纤维(CF)表观利用率分别为30.73%~51.08%、17.65%~75.62%、10.85%~91.19%和10.84%~67.05%,表观代谢能(AME)和真代谢能(TME)分别为4.58~15.20 MJ/kg和5.57~17.17 MJ/kg。添加复合酶制剂后临武鸭对几种糟渣类原料的DM、CP、EE和CF的有效营养改进值(ENIV)分别为6.46~41.37 g/kg、0.33~13.23 g/kg、0.09~9.73 g/kg和0.70~7.84 g/kg,TM E提高了0.13~1.68 M J/kg。由此可见,添加复合酶制剂能够一定程度地提高临武鸭对糟渣类原料的养分利用率和代谢能。 相似文献
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F. Rey J. M. Hallebeek & A. C. Beynen 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2001,85(7-8):251-254
The question addressed was whether apparent crude fibre digestibility in ponies would change after lowering protein intake from adequate to borderline deficient. Four adult ponies were fed a low- and high-protein diet according to a cross-over design. The diets consisted of grass hay and concentrates and provided either 1.5 or 3.6 g digestible crude protein/kg0.75 per day. The two whole rations provided 2.4 g crude fibre/kg body weight per day. Apparent crude fibre digestibility was not affected by protein intake (low-protein diet: 42.9 ± 4.03%; high-protein diet: 38.1 ± 1.14%, means ± SE, n =4). The low-protein diet caused a significant increase in the ratio of faecal: urinary nitrogen. It is suggested that, when the low-protein diet was fed, sufficient urea flew from the blood into the intestine and ammonia released in the hindgut was conserved so that microbial growth, and thus fibre fermentation, was maintained. 相似文献
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Z. Zduńczyk J. Jankowski J. Juśkiewicz A. Lecewicz B. Slominski 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2010,94(5):561-570
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the physiological and growth response of young turkeys (up to 8 weeks of age) to dietary replacement of soybean meal (SBM) by soy protein concentrate (PC) or protein isolate (PI). This replacement resulted in a differentiated dietary concentration of α‐galactosides of over 2.5% in the SBM diet, approximately 2% with a mixture SBM and PC, 1% with a PC diet and 0.1% with a PI diet. Each treatment was applied in two ways: with lower (3.5%) or higher (5.3%) dietary crude fibre content, made by supplementation with soybean hulls. The highest and lowest body weight of turkeys was recorded both after the first and second 4‐week half of the study in the PC and PI‐type diets respectively. A gradual withdrawal of α‐galactosides from a diet was accompanied by a decline in ileal tissue mass, ileal viscosity and activity of endogenous maltase (the latter was found to be significant at 4 weeks of age). At the same time, two‐way anova revealed that an elevated level of crude fibre (HF treatment) caused an increase in ileal tissue mass (p < 0.05 after 4 weeks of feeding) as well as a decrease in activity level of intestinal sucrase and maltase. The presence of raffinose family oligosaccharides in a diet, in contrast to dietary crude fibre level, significantly affected the caecal metabolism. The rate of bacterial production of short‐chain fatty acids in the caeca was distinctly diminished by dietary withdrawal of α‐galactosides. In conclusion, the soy protein concentrate, in contrast to the protein isolate preparation, exerted positive effects on the turkeys’ growth and gastrointestinal tract physiology and should be considered as an effective SBM substitute. 相似文献