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臭椿沟眶象的发生规律及防治对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
一、发生规律:
臭椿沟眶象是危害臭椿的主要蛀干害虫,在兴平地区一年发生一代,以幼虫或成虫在树干内或土壤内越冬.以成虫越冬的次年4月下旬开始外出活动,4月下旬至5月中旬为成虫盛发期,5月底幼虫孵化危害:以幼虫越冬的次年5月间化蛹,6、7月成虫羽化外出、产卵,8月下旬幼虫孵化危害. 相似文献
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城市园林树木中臭椿沟眶象的防治技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1．臭椿沟眶象生物学特性及危害方式
臭椿沟眶象又名椿小象，危害臭椿。以幼虫在韧皮部和木质部之间驻食，可造成树势衰弱，甚至整株死亡。臭椿沟眶象成虫体长约11．5毫米，黑色；头部布有小刻点；前胸几乎全部、鞘翅肩部及端部1／4密被雪白鳞片，仅掺杂少数赭色叶状鳞片，鞘翅肩部略突出。 相似文献
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臭椿沟眶象生物学特性初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
臭椿沟眶象 Eucryptorrhynchus brandti(Harild)在安徽省 1年 1代 ,以幼虫、成虫越冬 ;幼虫蛀食危害臭椿 Ailanthus altissima(Mill) Swingle,造成生长势衰弱或整株枯死。笔者于 1 996～ 1 998年对该虫生物学特性进行了观察研究 ,并进行了防治试验 ,初步获得了较为理想的效果 相似文献
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该文研究了３种林分类型樗蚕Ｐｈｉｌｏｓａｍｉａ ｃｙｎｔｈｉａ自然种群动态。结果表明：樗蚕世代内种群数量吴不断减少趋势；在各虫期中，１～２龄幼虫存活率最低，卵期存活率最高；不同世代间，第１代存活率高于第２代；在不同林分类型中枣粮间作存活率最低，而是椿片最高。在不同世代间各虫期的死亡原因和死亡率及变异程度有所不同，在不同年度间以蛹期死亡率变异最大；在不同林分类型中枣粮间作类型中樗蚕世代总死亡率及各虫期死亡率高于臭椿片林和臭椿行道树。 相似文献
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臭椿、新疆杨混交林对光肩星天牛选择寄主行为的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用3年生臭椿、新疆杨在室内建立混交林进行光肩星天牛成虫放飞试验.结果表明:臭椿、新疆杨混交林对天牛成虫的寄主选择有显著影响,天牛成虫的交尾行为只在新疆杨植株上进行;天牛成虫在林内植株上着落的总虫次随新疆杨株数的减少而下降,交尾次数也减少;臭椿、新疆杨植株数量在林分中所占比例在一定范围时,天牛成虫在新疆杨和臭椿上着落的虫次比均趋于稳定;新疆杨与臭椿以行状3:2和2:3混交时林分的抗虫效果较好. 相似文献
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对臭椿沟眶象的危害情况、越冬情况和生活史情况进行调查,并进行物理和化学防治方法试验。结果表明,受害臭椿上臭椿沟眶象和沟眶象同时发生,并且臭椿沟眶象主要以幼虫蛀食为害,幼虫蛀食枝、干的韧皮部和木质部,严重影响树木养分和水分的输导。在陕西省定边县1年发生1代,以幼虫和成虫越冬,幼虫在枝干内越冬,成虫在树干基部周围的表土中越冬。成虫多在白天活动,主要活动方式是沿树干及主侧枝爬行,具假死性,表明成虫的飞行能力很弱;活动范围小,自然扩散主要靠成虫爬行。人工捕杀费时费力,趋性诱杀适用于农村,人工悬挂倒喇叭是目前城市防治臭椿沟眶象的有效手段,针对受害部位涂抹树干作用明显,而树冠喷雾方式打药面积分散,防治效果不明显。 相似文献
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蓝墨天牛生物学及危害特性的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
蓝墨天牛（Ｍｏｎｏｃｈｍｕｓ ｇｕｅｒｒｙｉ Ｐｉｃ）是板栗主要蛀干害虫之一，在禄劝县２年发生１代，以老熟幼虫在虫道内越冬，翌年３月中旬开始化蛹，４月成虫外出活动，行补充营养、交尾产卵。成虫选择树皮光滑、干径３～６ｃｍ的枝干刻槽产卵，一般每环产卵３～８粒。卵期３０～３５天，初孵幼虫先在韧皮部与木质部交界处取食，随着虫龄的增大逐渐钻入木质部向上取食，幼早期最长，危害时间可达２０个月之久。该虫危害与栗 相似文献
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宁夏沟眶象越冬虫态分布研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用挖树根查虫的方法,调查越冬虫态在臭椿树根部的分布情况。结果显示,沟眶象越冬代成虫主要集中在21～30cm深的土层中,幼虫主要集中在31～40cm深的土层中;在0～10cm深度的土层中成虫、幼虫均较少;成虫、幼虫所处平均深度分别为32.6cm、32.9cm,极值深度分别为60cm、55cm。成虫、幼虫所处平均树干距离分别为22.7cm、18.8cm,极值树干距离均为49.0cm。沟眶象83.0%的成虫、90.4%的幼虫分布于深度0～40cm、与树干距离0～40cm的土层中。 相似文献
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We report the results of experiments conducted with Ephestia kuehniella Zeller to determine the effects of gamma radiation on life stages. Eggs, larvae, pupae and adults were irradiated with increasing doses of gamma radiation (seven dose levels between 50 and 400 Gy for eggs and larvae, six dose levels between 50 and 350 Gy for pupae and four dose levels between 250 and 550 Gy for adults). All the experiments were conducted in a growth chamber maintained at 27 ± 1°C, 65 ± 5% r.h., and alternating 14 h light:10 h dark cycles. The number of adults that developed from irradiated eggs and larvae was lower than the untreated control. Doses of 200 Gy and above prevented adult emergence from irradiated eggs. Although a dose of 200 Gy was enough to prevent adult emergence from young larvae, 250 Gy should be used to prevent adult emergence completely from last instar larvae. Delayed developmental periods were observed for the treated eggs and larvae. Fecundity and egg hatchability were decreased depending on the doses applied. Decreased fecundity and egg hatchability were more prevalent when both the male and female pupae were treated compared to the treatment of female pupae only. There was no significant decrease in the fecundity of irradiated adults except 550 Gy, and no eggs hatched at doses of 300 Gy and above. 相似文献
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Dr. S. A. Temerak 《Journal of pest science》1981,54(10):149-151
Laboratory studies were undertaken to determine the differential response and suitability of 2 types of host larvae ofSesamia cretica (hibernating and active) to the development of the braconid,B. brevicornis. The parasitoid was able to immobilize the 2 forms of larvae. However, hibernating larvae were significantly less sensitive to the parasitoid's venom than active larvae. Parasitoid parents (specially females) which associated with hibernating larvae were significantly longer-lived than those kept with active larvae. Life cycle period of the parasitoid did not affect with any of the 2 types of larvae. However, numbers of each of cocoons and emerged adults/larva were significantly higher in case of hibernating than in case of active larvae. Moreover, the produced adults from hibernating larvae were significantly larger in their size. Therefore the hibernating host larvae will serve better for mass colonization of this braconid. 相似文献
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L. Planes J. Catalán A. Tena J. L. Porcuna J. A. Jacas J. Izquierdo A. Urbaneja 《Journal of pest science》2013,86(2):321-327
Spirotetramat is a new systemic insecticide listed in Group 23 of the IRAC mode-of-action classification scheme as an inhibitor of lipid biosynthesis. Side effects assessment on key natural enemies is necessary before incorporating a pesticide in IPM programs. Herein, lethal and sublethal side effects of spirotetramat on adults and larvae of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were evaluated under laboratory conditions by topical application and by ingestion of treated individuals of Planococcus citri Risso (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). The lethal and sublethal effects of spirotetramat were compared to those of chlorpyriphos and pyriproxyfen, two insecticides commonly used in Spanish citrus. Spirotetramat resulted harmless: (1) when directly applied on larvae and adults of C. montrouzieri, since it did not affect survival, longevity, fecundity, egg hatching, and offspring survival. In contrast, chlorpyriphos was classified as moderately toxic for adults due to its effects on fecundity, egg hatching and offspring survival. Pyriproxyfen was classified as harmful for larvae due to the acute effect on pupal mortality. When larvae and adults of C. montrouzieri were fed with treated prey, spirotetramat was also classified as harmless. Adults of C. montrouzieri fed with pyriproxyfen-treated prey exhibited increased fecundity but no eggs hatched. Moreover, the larvae fed on pyriproxyfen-treated prey did not reach the adult stage. The results of this study indicate that spirotetramat may be compatible with augmentative releases of C. montrouzieri in citrus. 相似文献
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对小果垂枝柏大痣小蜂的主要生物学特性进行观察研究,结果表明:小果垂枝柏大痣小蜂在云南省曲靖地区1 a发生1代,以幼虫越冬,翌年4月中旬开始化蛹;6月中旬开始羽化,6月下旬为羽化盛期;成虫产卵于当年生幼嫩小球果种子内,卵于6月中旬开始孵化;幼虫在种子内取食约10个月并随种子同步发育,一生仅取食1粒种子,无转移危害习性。成虫在上午6∶00—9∶00和下午12∶00—15∶00羽化最多,雌雄性比为0.9∶1,雌虫平均寿命为7.1 d,雄虫平均寿命为5.2 d。 相似文献
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松墨天牛生物学特性的研究 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
松墨天牛在福建闽北1a发生1代,以3～5龄幼虫在蛀道内越冬,极少数以低龄幼虫在树皮下越冬。4月上旬越冬幼虫在木质部内做一椭圆形蛹室化蛹,历时13～15d后成虫羽化。羽化后的成虫从蛹室向外咬圆形的羽化孔道飞出,6月上中旬是成虫羽化出孔的高峰期。成虫的雌雄性比为1∶1。在林间,成虫寻找松树嫩枝树皮补充营养,5～9d后开始交尾产卵,产卵前在树皮上咬刻槽,造成泪滴状松脂流下,1刻槽产卵1粒,少数可产2～4粒。卵期6～10d。幼虫孵化后取食松树内皮和韧皮部,在树皮外可见白色纤维状或褐色粉末状木屑与粪便的混合物。3龄幼虫咬一长椭圆形蛀入孔进入木质部,此后树皮外不再出现蛀屑。幼虫在蛀入木质部前死亡率极高,只有31 68%能蛀入树干中,幼虫期易受白僵菌侵染。幼虫期260～310d。 相似文献
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Lukáš Varga Peter J. Fedor Martin Suvák Jozef Kiseľák Ekrem Atakan 《Journal of pest science》2010,83(3):319-327
Numerous occurrence of Echinothrips americanus Morgan, 1913, a relatively newly established pest in European greenhouses, on a wide spectrum of cultivated plants throughout
Slovakia has encouraged us to present current data on its food ecology. Analysing 1,650 plant species, the poinsettia thrips
was found on 106 species (48 families) including 19 showing sporadic, 75 moderate and 17 high infestation. Larvae were detected
on 25 plant taxa from 13 families, most of them being new hosts. Mature clusters of Acalypha hispida, showing moderate to high infestation level and carrying both larvae and adults, were selected for more detailed statistical
evaluation. Preference of adults for upper and lower leaf surface tends to be without statistical significance, the larvae
on the contrary were strongly related to the lower side (Pearson’s χ2 = 13.3552, P = 0.0013). Concerning the age, increased occurrence was apparent on younger leaves for both larvae and adults. For larvae
the nonparametric test gives the statistical difference between three age categories of leaves with the following values:
Kruskal–Wallis χ2 = 6.6384, P = 0.03618. The statistical significance of age seems to be more crucial for younger shoots, as proved by the statistics for
both larvae (Kruskal–Wallis χ2 = 8.4852, P = 0.0144) and adults (Kruskal–Wallis χ2 = 7.1049, P = 0.0287). Different food preferences of larvae and adults may result in specific approach when applying an effective biological
or chemical control. Narrower tolerance of larvae could make them more manageable target in plant protection instead of efforts
to control the whole thrips population. 相似文献
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无公害技术在防治春尺蠖上的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
阐述了春尺蠖的危害、发生规律及防治方法。利用糖醋盘 ,灯光诱杀成虫 ,在树干上捆绑草绳 ,喷涂毒环阻止成虫上树产卵及使用无公害生物制剂防治幼虫效果较好 相似文献