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不同龄组马尾松人工林生物量及生产力的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
刘茜 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1996,(4)
对桂中丘陵区不同龄组马尾松人工林的生物量及生产力进行了研究．结果表明：幼龄林（８ａ生）生物量为３２．０ｔ／ｈｍ２，中龄林（１４ａ生〕为１０８．０ｔ／ｈｍ２、近熟林（２３ａ生）为１８６．６ｔ／ｈｍ２，成熟林（３８ａ生）为１９７．４ｔ／ｈｍ２；林分平均净生产量分别为４．００ｔ／ｈｍ２·ａ．７．７１ｔ／ｈｍ２·ａ、８．１２ｔ／ｈｍ２·ａ和５．８０ｔ／ｈｍ２·ａ． 相似文献
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１９８２～１９９１年，对广西宜山县庆远林场不同整地方式及其不同植被类型的水文要素进行对比观测研究。结果表明，梯形整地桉松混交林模式具有显著的涵养水源、保持水土功能；与其他植被类型相比较，具有以下几点显著的差异：ａ．森林群落冠层的年截留水量为２３０．１ｍｍ，占降水量的１８．４％，比其他森林群落增加截留量１２．０％～５７．１％。ｂ．枯枝落叶层贮量及其最大持水量分别为７．７ｔ／ｈｍ２和２３．０ｔ／ｈｍ２，是其他植被类型的１．４～６．４倍。ｃ．土壤层的最大贮水量为５１１．５ｍｍ，比其他植被类型增加贮水６．６％～１１．８％。ｄ．林地水、土流失量分别为４．６ｍ３／（ｈｍ２·ａ）和０．６３ｋｇ／（ｈｍ２·ａ），比其他植被类型减少７９．０％～９７．９％。 相似文献
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长江滩地杨树人工林生物量的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文对具有季节性水淹的长江滩地上不同高程及间种与非间种条件下杨树人工林的生物量进行了较系统的测定与研究,按相对生长法建立了估测林木各部分生物量的害虫函数方程。研究结果表明：７年生杨树人工林生物量２３～２７ｔ／ｈｍ＾２,净生产量为３～１１ｔ／ｈｍ＾２．ａ．生物量与净生物量均随高程增高而递增。６年生杨树人工要间种和非间种条件生物量和净生产量分别为４８．３１ｔ／ｈｍ＾２．ａ和８．５ｔ／ｈｍ＾２,间种提高 相似文献
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对海南岛尖峰岭地区热带珍贵树种母生、海南石梓人工林下种植经济作物益智、咖啡的复合农林业系统的生态和经济效益研究表明：复合系统能显著促进主林层乔木的生长,胸径生长速度比对照地高出４３％～１３４％,材积生长高出１８％～８１％,生物量高出５％～８６％;生物量净积累量９．５３～１５．２３ｔ·ｈｍ－２·ａ－１,为对照地的１．６～５．１倍;系统的光能利用率为０．７８％～１．２６％,为对照样地的１．９４～５．０４倍;同时系统具有较高的经济效益,林下种植益智后的产值可达１．８～３万元·ｈｍ－２·ａ－１,为对照地的５．２６～９．８２倍,投入产出比为１∶２．９３～１∶４．１７。 相似文献
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雷林1号桉在贫瘠丘陵地造林密度的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
雷林１号桉在贫瘠丘陵地４种造林密度的林分，经６年的试验结果表明：雷林１号桉林木的生长、产量与造林密度存在着密切相关，其中林木胸径、单株产量及保存率与造林密度呈负相关，单位面积生物量、蓄积量与密度呈正相关，４种密度中０．５ｍ×１．０ｍ密度的林分单位面积生物量最大（８８．３２ｔ／ｈｍ２绝干重，下同），为其他密度林分的２．４倍～５．７倍，适于经营短轮伐期薪材林；１．０ｍ×２．０ｍ的造林密度的小径木占３０％，中径木占６４％，适于经营短轮伐期薪、材两用林；１．５×３．０ｍ密度的中、大径木占８４．５％，适于用材林；２．０ｍ×４．０ｍ密度林木稀疏、产量低，作为经营短轮伐期不宜采用。 相似文献
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通过时来舟林场三块立地条件大体属优良、中等、不良的样地进行生物量调查，探讨不同立地条件下杉木林的生长差异。调查结果表明：２０年生杉木人工林优良林分现存生物量为１５４．２ｔ／ｈｍ２（干重），而不良地只有６２．６ｔ／ｈｍ２；其中优良地的干干重为１２８．９ｔ／ｈｍ２，不良地只有其３７％，为４８．１ｔ／ｈｍ２；优良地的枝、叶干重分别为１３．０ｔ／ｈｍ２、１２．３ｔ／ｈｍ２，不良地为７．４ｔ／ｈｍ２、７．１ｔ／ｈｍ２，分别是优良地的５７％与５８％；干的年生长量优良地为，１９．６３ｍ３／ｈｍ２，不良地只有５．６４ｍ３／ｈｍ２，是优良地的２９％。优良地与不良地林分生物量的显著差异说明适地适树造林对南方低山丘陵区具有非常重要的意义。同时也指出坡位是划分立地条件的重要因子。 相似文献
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杉木光皮桦混交林效益的调查研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对桂西北杉木光皮桦混交林和杉木纯林的对比研究表明,３５年生杉桦混交林的立木蓄积量为４４１．０８７ｍ＾３／ｈｍ＾２,比杉木纯林高３．６％。混交林枯枝地层现存量及其Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ五种元素的积累量分别为１３．１８ｔ／ｈｍ＾２和２９９．５ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２,分别比杉木纯林高９．７％和６９．９％。８混交林地（０～１００ｃｍ）土壤容重为０．８１～１．２２ｇ／ｃｍ＾３,比杉木纯林低１．０％～８．０％,而土壤孔隙度,通气度和持水量分别比杉木纯林高２．０％～３．９％。土壤有机质、全氮、水解氮、有效磷和速效钾分别比杉木纯高５．５％～４９．８％。 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
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本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):472-479
Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken. 相似文献
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Srisuda Thippayarugs Banyong Toomsan Patma Vityakon Viriya Limpinuntana Aran Patanothai Georg Cadisch 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(2):137-148
In situ produced plant residues contain a mixture of different plant components of varying quality. To assess synergistic
or antagonistic interactions occurring during the decomposition and mineralization of such mixtures, individual plant parts
(stems, leaves, leaf litter and roots) or the mixture of stems, leaves and leaf litter of the agroforestry species pigeonpea
(Cajanus cajan) or of crop residues of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or of the weed hairy indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) were incubated in pots for 19 weeks. Periodically, remaining plant residues were sieved out (>2 mm), weighed and N content
as well as soil mineral N determined. Above- and below-ground residues of peanut decomposed fastest and showed the largest
N release in agreement with their high N concentration and low-acid detergent fibre (ADF) : N ratio. Hairy indigo was hypothesized
to be of lower quality than pigeonpea because of its high-polyphenol content. However, it decomposed faster than pigeonpea,
largely because of the higher N and lower lignin concentration of its components. Ranking of individual plant components for
N mineralization resulted in the following pattern, leaves > leaf litter > roots > stems. In mixtures of the different plant
components a similar species order in decomposition was obtained, e.g. peanut > hairy indigo > pigeonpea. The amount of N
released from the mixture was dominated by stem material that comprised 46–61% of the mixture. The interactions in mixtures
were relatively small for peanut (generally high-quality components) as well as for pigeonpea (low proportion of high-quality
components, i.e. N rich leaf material). However, a positive interaction occurred during later stages of N mineralization in
the mixture of hairy indigo as it had a significant proportion of N rich components and absence of highly reactive polyphenols.
Thus, for plants with low to intermediate chemical quality attributes, manipulating plant composition (e.g. by varying harvest
age, affecting stem and leaf proportions) will be important to obtain significant interactions during decomposition when its
components are mixed. 相似文献
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A. Rigueiro-Rodríguez M. R. Mosquera-Losada E. Gatica-Trabanini 《Agroforestry Systems》2000,48(3):245-256
The use of organic waste materials such as milk sewage as an organic fertilizer could have the dual advantages of organic-waste
disposal and reduced dependence on inorganic fertilizers. The effects of fertilization with (1) conventional mineral fertilization,
(2) milk sewage sludge at 40 kg N ha−1 target rate and (3) no fertilization on pasture production and tree growth were examined in an experiment consisting of two
pasture mixtures under a one-year-old Pinus radiata plantation with a density of 2500 trees ha−1. The two pasture mixtures were: (1) Dactylis glomerata L. var. saborto (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1); (2) Lolium perenne L. var. Tove (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1). The experiment began in the spring of 1995 using a randomized block design with three replicates in Castro Riberas de Lea
(Lugo, Galicia, north-western Spain). Plot size was 12 × 8 m2, with a 1 m buffer strip between plots. Two-year data showed that fertilization with either material had a positive effect
on pasture production, with no significant difference between the two fertilization treatments. Tree growth in the milk sewage
sludge plot was significantly higher than in the control plots. Inorganic fertilization increased pasture production, but
affected tree growth negatively. The results show that milk sewage sludge could be used as a fertilizer in silvo-pastoral
systems.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):166-178
This study investigated the forest history, structural characteristics, the presence of fungal species suggested to indicate ecological continuity in old-growth forest, and the species composition of saproxylic beetles in 30 old forest ''woodland key habitats'' (WKHs), and compared them with production forest in the same age-class in south-eastern Norway. No statistically significant differences in forest characteristics, community of saproxylic beetles or number of red-listed beetles were found between the WKHs and the production forest, probably owing to a combination of profound long-term logging and a lack of will to delineate sufficiently large WKHs in the one area with significantly less forestry impact. The study indicates the advantage of including forest history information in WKH selection where such data exist, and the importance of restoring habitats in heavily exploited forest landscapes. 相似文献