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1.
经１４ａ的收集和引种栽培，已引进了我国热带、南亚热带地区的珍稀濒危树种共３８科６３属８３种，占全国保护树种总数的２３．４％，占广西保护树种总数的６７．４％。对３０个保护树种进行了播种、扦插等试验，已成功地繁殖了一批苗木。进行了３４个树种的物候相、生长量、适应性等观测。并建立了０．４６ｈｍ２的种质资源引种保存区 相似文献
2.
九江珍稀濒危植物种质资源库内木兰园，从1983年开始引种木兰科6属53种植物。经过5年多引种驯化栽培，生长理想或比较好的有46种，占引种总数的90％。本文介绍了各引进树种在新的环境条件下的生长发育表现，包括适应性、越冬性、越夏性，从而初步筛选出适宜于九江引种栽培的树种。 相似文献
3.
珍稀濒危植物的迁地保护研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文论述了西双版纳热带植物标本园引种的３２科６６种珍稀濒危植物迁地保护情况。在引种过程中，进行了生物学特性及抗性观察，对珍贵用材树种作了栽培和野生条件下的生长量比较以及龙脑香科植物的种子含水量测定和种子发芽试验。大多数树种的生长抽梢期在月平均温１７．５～２５．３℃的２～５月，开花期在月平均温２０．３～２５．３℃的３～５月，果熟期在３～４月和６～８月。 相似文献
4.
珍稀濒危植物的迁地保护研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本文论述了西双版纳热带植物标本园引种的３２科６６种珍稀濒危植物迁地保护情况。在引种过程中，进行了生物学特性及抗性观察，对珍贵用材树种作了栽培和野生条件下的生长量比较以及龙脑香料植物的种子含水量测定和种子发芽试验。大多数树种的生长抽梢期在月平均温１７．５￣２５．３℃的２￣５月，开花期在月平均温２０．３￣２５．３℃的３￣５月，果熟期在３￣４月和６￣８月。 相似文献
5.
在对湖南优良乡土树种原产地进行反复调查研究，进行多年引种栽培试验的基础上，提出优良乡土树种引种栽培方法、步骤以及技术要点．根据引种试验中各树种的生长情况以及注重树种的经济价值、观赏价值、生态效益的引种原则，筛选出了４０余种能适应本省不同立地条件的优良乡土树种，并进行中试或在生产中推广应用，结果表明，这些树种中，有的可作用材树种，有的可作经济林树种，有的可作园林和绿化树种．并提出了各树种的推广栽培范围． 相似文献
6.
沙地云杉引种实验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
刘瑞芬 《内蒙古林业调查设计》2008,31(6)
沙地云杉是我国珍稀濒危树种,为了扩大这一树种的造林范围,2003年将其树种从内蒙古克什克腾旗的白音敖包引种到呼和浩特,对其适应性进行了观察。结果表明:沙地云杉在呼和浩特市生长正常,两年高生长达6.73 cm,物候期比原产地提前30d,保存率为35.5%,因此沙地云杉有引种成功的可能性。 相似文献
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8.
黄波罗在山西省的引种驯化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
黄波罗被列为国家三级保护植物，属珍稀濒危树种，主产我国东北地区。在近年山西省林木种质资源普查中，发现该树种在大同、太原市，及忻州、晋中地区海拔680m-1200m、气候较湿润寒冷的地方，引种是成功的，其最大树龄30a，且生长良好，无病虫害，这一事实为山西省推广繁殖该树种提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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10.
新宁县国有苗圃自1978年以来，引种驯化国家保护树种25科62种，现保存56种，在引种驯化过程中，应用气候相似论和生态相似原理，成功地解决引种驯化中的许多技术难题，为保护和发展植物种质资源，拯救珍稀濒危树种，保护生物多样性提供科学依据。 相似文献
11.
[目的]比较分析不同树种的生理特性差异及其对空气负离子(NAI)浓度影响,为探究森林植被对NAI作用机理提供理论依据。[方法] 2018年6—9月,在中国林科院亚热带林业研究所人工气候室内,分别对6个典型亚热带树种NAI效应进行连续定位监测,选择无植株的土盆作为空白对照,并对各树种叶片形态特征、叶绿素荧光参数、叶绿素含量等性状特征进行测定和分析。[结果]人工气候室放入植株后,NAI浓度均极显著高于对照组(P0.01);植株NAI浓度由高到低依次为:红豆杉(876 ion·cm~(-3))枫香(828 ion·cm~(-3))杉木(733 ion·cm~(-3))榉树(685 ion·cm~(-3))青冈(677 ion·cm~(-3))闽楠(665 ion·cm~(-3))对照(345 ion·cm~(-3))。总体而言,针叶树种NAI效应显著大于阔叶树种(P0.05),落叶阔叶树种NAI效应显著大于常绿阔叶树种(P=0.05)。NAI浓度同树种叶尖数、叶片含水量和叶面积均呈极显著正相关关系(P0.01),与叶生物量显著正相关(P0.05),与叶绿素a/叶绿素b显著负相关(P0.05)。比较阔叶树种可得出,叶厚度及叶片长宽比与NAI浓度呈显著负相关(P0.05),与大多数叶绿素荧光参数指标呈极显著正相关(P0.01)。[结论]试验树种显著提高空气负离子(NAI)浓度,树种间NAI效应存在差异,针叶树种NAI效应高于阔叶树种,落叶阔叶树种NAI效应高于常绿阔叶树种。叶片形态、叶尖数和光合荧光生理特性等是造成树种间NAI效应差异的重要原因。 相似文献
12.
Do multipurpose companion trees affect high value timber trees in a silvopastoral plantation system?
Establishment of native timber trees on deforested land may contribute to the livelihood of farmers, to improved ecosystem
services and to increased greenhouse gas uptake. Here, we present a new silvopastoral planting design to assess species performance
and interspecific competition or facilitation effects among native timber and multipurpose trees in Central America. Two timber
species, Tabebuia rosea and Cedrela odorata, were established in three low-density planting regimes allowing combined tree and future livestock production: (1) solitary
planting, (2) companion planting with Guazuma ulmifolia, and (3) companion planting with the nitrogen-fixing Gliricidia sepium. We quantified survival, growth and reforestation potential of the two timber species subjected to the different planting
regimes for the first 2 years after establishment. Nitrogen concentration as well as stable nitrogen and carbon isotope composition
(δ15N, δ13C) of leaves of the timber saplings were determined. T. rosea showed higher survival and better growth than C. odorata under varying environmental conditions (soil, concomitant vegetation). Performance of the timber saplings was unaffected
by either companion species. Planting regimes had no effect on foliar nitrogen concentration and δ15N of the two timber species, although δ15N values indicated nitrogen fixation activity in G. sepium trees. Planting regimes affected foliar δ13C values in T. rosea. δ13C values were significantly higher in solitarily growing individuals, suggesting lower exposition to water stress conditions
in saplings surrounded by companion species. As we found positively correlated growth traits among timber and multipurpose
trees, a combined planting may benefit farmers by providing additional goods and services. 相似文献
13.
Acevedo Manuel Álvarez Carolina Cartes Eduardo Dumroese R. Kasten González Marta 《New Forests》2020,51(1):159-174
Ruil (Nothofagus alessandrii) is an endangered keystone species from the Mediterranean climate zone of Chile. Ruil’s fragile state of conservation urges development of restoration programs, but specific protocols for nursery production and field establishment that ensure plant survival are largely unknown. Therefore, we examined the effect on nitrogen (N) fertilization and container size during nursery production in combination with the use of mesh shelters after outplanting on survival and growth during the first growing season in the field. First year outplanting survival of nursery-grown container seedlings was enhanced when seedlings were given nitrogen (N) during nursery production and deployed with mesh tree shelters in the field. The volume of the container had no effect on outplanting survival and growth. Increasing N from zero to 200 mg N L?1 provided sufficient N levels, resulting in increased seedling height, root-collar diameter, shoot biomass, and total seedling N and phosphorous concentrations. Additional N provided by the 400 and 600 mg N L?1 treatments underwent luxury consumption by the seedlings with no further benefits in field performance. Improved growth in the nursery, along with the use of mesh tree shelters after outplanting, especially during the typical summer drought, may be responsible for increased survival during the first growing season. Increasing the performance of nursery-grown ruil seedlings is essential to restoring this endangered, vulnerable, and foundation species within the highly biodiverse, yet seriously threatened endemic Maulino Costero Forest of the Mediterranean climate of central Chile.
相似文献14.
Growing concern about increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and resulting global climate change, has spurred a growing demand for renewable energy. In this study, we hypothesized that a nurse tree crop may provide additional early yields of biomass for fuel, while in the longterm leading to deciduous stands that are believed to better meet the demands for other ecosystem services. Ten different species combinations were planted, with two different stocking densities, at three different sites in Denmark. Significant differences, with regard to biomass production, were observed among the different sites (P?P??1?yr?1 more biomass. The additional biomass production was similar to what was obtained in stands with conifers only (Sitka spruce, Douglas-fir and Japanese larch), which produced 4.9–6.1?t ha?1yr?1 more biomass than the pure beech stands. No effects of initial planting density (P?=?.19), or of initial weeding (P?=?.81), on biomass production were observed. Biomass production of the broadleaved crop was in most cases reduced due to competition. However, provided timely thinning of nurse trees, the qualitative development of the trees will allow for long-term timber production. 相似文献
15.
Heinz Gallaun Giuliana Zanchi Gert-Jan Nabuurs Geerten Hengeveld Mathias Schardt Pieter J. Verkerk 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010
The overall objective of this study was to combine national forest inventory data and remotely sensed data to produce pan-European maps on growing stock and above-ground woody biomass for the two species groups “broadleaves” and “conifers”. An automatic up-scaling approach making use of satellite remote sensing data and field measurement data was applied for EU-wide mapping of growing stock and above-ground biomass in forests. The approach is based on sampling and allows the direct combination of data with different measurement units such as forest inventory plot data and satellite remote sensing data. For the classification, data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) were used. Comprehensive field measurement data from national forest inventories for 98,979 locations from 16 countries were used for which tree species and growing stock estimates were available. The classification results were evaluated by comparison with regional estimates derived independently from the classification from national forest inventories. The validation at the regional level shows a high correlation between the classification results and the field based estimates with correlation coefficient r = 0.96 for coniferous, r = 0.94 for broadleaved and r = 0.97 for total growing stock per hectare. The mean absolute error of the estimations is 25 m3/ha for coniferous, 20 m3/ha for broadleaved and 25 m3/ha for total growing stock per hectare. Biomass conversion and expansion factors were applied to convert the growing stock classification results to carbon stock in above-ground biomass. As results of the classification, coniferous and broadleaved growing stock as well as carbon stock of the above-ground biomass is mapped on a wall-to-wall basis with a spatial resolution of 500 m × 500 m per grid cell. The mapped area is 5 million km2, of which 2 million km2 are forests, and covers the whole European Union, the EFTA countries, the Balkans, Belarus, the Ukraine, Moldova, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Turkey. 相似文献
16.
Relative contribution of initial root and shoot morphology in predicting field performance of hardwood seedlings 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
Single and multiple linear regression techniques were used to explain the capacity of initial seedling root volume (Rv) and first-order lateral roots (FOLR) relative to shoot height, diameter, and fresh mass to serve as important indicators of stock quality and predictors of first- and second-year height and diameter on an afforestation site in southern Indiana, USA. This was accomplished for northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.), white oak (Quercus alba L.), and black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh) seedlings graded into four Rv categories at establishment. Field survival was high (85–97%) for all species. Initial diameter, height, fresh mass, and Rv provided similar predictive ability of second-year field response for absolute height (R2 = 0.59–0.77) and diameter (R2 = 0.50–0.73) for both oak species. Initial seedling Rv was a better predictor of field response than FOLR for both oak species, though not for cherry. Multiple-variable models accounted for a greater proportion of the total variation in seedling field height and diameter than did single-variable equations. The high R2 (up to 0.95) of regression models suggests field performance of these species can be reliably predicted and confirms the importance of initial seedling morphology in dictating early plantation performance. 相似文献
17.
A species introduction experiment including several tropical pines and eucalypts was established in 1966/1967 in the Tchianga research station in Angolan Highlands. Despite 27 years of political conflict (1975-2002) and lack of management, the research experiment has remained relatively well conserved. We measured the best conserved plots that were 41 years old in 2007 to obtain information on the growth of different pine species. We calculated stand characteristics including basal area, dominant height, mean diameter, and stand volume for Pinus patula Schiede ex Schiltdl. Et Cham., Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl., Pinus kesiya Royle ex Gordon, Pinus devoniana Lindl., Pinus chiapensis (Martinez) Andresen, Pinus elliottii Engelm., Pinus greggii Engelm. Ex Parl., Pinus montezumae Lamb. and Pinus oocarpa Schiede ex Schltdl. The growing stock volume at 41 years was the highest in P. pseudostrobus, 1,325 m3·ha-1, followed by P. kesiya with 1,200 m3·ha-1. The widely planted P. patula had a growing stock volume of 892 m3·ha-1. P. oocarpa and P. pseudostrobus had the highest stand basal area, over 80 m2·ha-1. Using increment core analyses we studied the temporal development of stand characteristics. Analysis of the mean annual increment (MAI) showed that rotation lengths of 20-30 years would maximize wood production. With these rotation lengths, the MAI of P. pseudostrobus would be 35 m3·ha-1. Other productive species were P. kesiya, P. oocarpa and P. chiapensis. P. patula had a maximum MAI of 20 m3·ha-1. P. greggii had the lowest mean annual volume production, only about 13 m3·ha-1. 相似文献
18.
Tree-ring chronologies were developed fromAbies mariesii Masters andPicea jezoensis ssp.hondoensis (Mayr) P. Schmidt collected at different altitudes of Mt. Norikura, central Japan. The tree-ring parameters of ring width and maximum density were measured by soft X-ray densitometry. The measurement series were detrended by fitting a 33-year cubic smoothing spline and autoregressive model. The correlation between species and between sites showed different responses of the species to climate in terms of ring width and maximum density. The correlation coefficient between sites within a species was higher than that between species for a site in the ring width, and the coefficient between species for a site was higher in maximum density. The correlation coefficient between tree-ring chronology and monthly climate data set showed different responses of radial growth to climate. The different response was probably explained by the difference in the length of the growing season. High summer temperature increased the maximum density of the two species and the radial growth inAbies mariesii. Summer precipitation correlated negatively to maximum density, but it did not affect the ring width of either species. The climatic signals could be extracted from ring-width and maximum-density chronologies of both species. 相似文献
19.
Antti Otsamo Tjuk Sasmito Hadi Göran Ådjers Jussi Kuusipalo Risto Vuokko 《New Forests》1995,10(3):257-265
A species trial with 14 eucalypt species with randomized complete blocks design was planted on Imperata cylindrica dominated grassland in South Kalimantan, Indonesia in January 1987. The site was prepared mechanically. No fertilizers were used. At the age of three years E. camaldulensis had clearly the highest survival rate (95%) and mean annual increment (5.9 m3ha–1a–1) compared with the other species tried. It was followed by E. urophylla, E. deglupta, E. pellita, E. tereticornis, E. alba, E. torelliana, E. intermedia, E. grandis and E. pilularis. Four other species, E. phaeotricha, E. resinifera, E. cloeziana and E. microcorys died either in the nursery or immediately after planting. All the eucalypts tried had narrow crowns and open canopies. It is suggested that eucalypts are not recommendable for grassland reforestation under minimum plantation tending. Effects of intensive weeding, spacing, fertilizing and performance in second rotation or mixed stands should be tested to elaborate the suitability of eucalypts on grasslands. 相似文献
20.
R. Horntvedt 《Forest Pathology》1997,27(2):73-82
The accumulation of fluoride in natural vegetation exposed to emissions from five aluminium smelter plants in Norway was studied during the years 1990–93. About 2000 leaf, bark and twig samples of 60 plant species, collected mostly during the growing season, were analysed. Rowan (Sorbus aucuparia) was widespread and common in the areas studied, and was used as a reference species. Fluoride concentrations in monthly samples of rowan leaves were linearly related to fluoride exposure (average fluoride concentration in ambient air × days since leaf emergence). The accumulation coefficient for rowan was estimated to be 1.7 m3/g dry wt. day. Most other species had values between 0.3 and 1.5; the median for all species was 0.8. The fern Dryopteris filix-mas was exceptional, containing on average three times greater fluoride concentrations man rowan. High background levels indicated that soil uptake contributed significantly to the fluoride accumulation in this species. The fluoride concentrations in bark and shoots of trees were mostly low compared with leaves, but the bark of Betula pendula and B. pubescens had very high concentrations. 相似文献