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1.
Introduction : Canine transmissible venereal tumour is occasionally observed in leishmaniotic dogs, and Leishmania amastigotes can be harboured in canine transmissible venereal tumour cells. Objectives : The aim of this paper was to investigate the clinicopathological significance of the association of both diseases. Methods : Nineteen dogs affected by canine transmissible venereal tumour and canine leishmaniasis were studied retrospectively. Results : In these dogs, the tumour manifested a large size and often aggressive behaviour (42%) and no predictive sign of spontaneous regression was observed. Sporadic Leishmania amastigotes were found within the canine transmissible venereal tumour in three cases, probably transported by infected macrophages often infiltrating the tumour. A high Leishmania parasitisation of canine transmissible venereal tumour was observed in two other cases and verified by immunohistochemistry. Clinical Significance : Canine transmissible venereal tumour is a tumour of the dog able to harbour a large number of Leishmania parasites. Alternatively, the systemic disease (canine leishmaniasis) may lower the immune defence against malignancy (canine transmissible venereal tumour). 相似文献
2.
A survey of disease conditions of dogs presented to the small animal unit of the University of Maiduguri Veterinary Teaching Hospital, between January 1986 and December 1990, was undertaken. A total of 559 cases was recorded during this period and these were divided into 13 groups according to the distribution of the following conditions: Ectoparasitism 21.1 per cent, helminthiasis 20.4 per cent, vaccination requests 13.4 per cent, trauma 11.1 per cent, orthopaedic problems 7.9 per cent, protozoan infections 6.3 per cent, castration 3.9 per cent, dermatitis 3.6 per cent, pneumonia 3.6 per cent, obstetrical problems 3.2 per cent, viral infections 2.5 per cent, cosmetic surgery 1.6 per cent and neoplasm (transmissible venereal tumour) 1.4 per cent. 相似文献
3.
The role of transmissible venereal tumours in the pathogenesis of urinary tract infection in dogs was investigated in 86 dogs. Fifty-five had transmissible venereal tumours, and the remaining 31 animals were used as controls. A thorough clinical examination of the external genitalia was carried out in each case. In the dogs with transmissible venereal tumours, the sites of attachment were recorded. Urine samples were taken by cystocentesis and the external genitalia swabbed; the samples were cultured for bacteria using standard methods. Tumours were found on the prepuce and other parts of the penis in male dogs; in bitches they were found in the vagina, vestibule or the vestibulovaginal junction. Dogs with transmissible venereal tumours were found to be at a high risk of having bacteriuria (odds ratio [OR] = 7.04). Obliteration of the urethral orifice by the tumour, possibly leading to urine retention, was thought to be the main reason for the high incidence of urinary tract infection among dogs with transmissible venereal tumours. Long-standing cases of transmissible venereal neoplasia had a higher chance of becoming bac-teriuric compared with recent cases (OR=29–60). This study indicates that transmissible venereal tumour may be a predisposing factor for the development of urinary tract infection. 相似文献
4.
O bjectives : To define the outcome of a cohort of canine patients with a histological diagnosis of spindle cell tumour of soft tissue managed solely by surgery in first opinion practice.
M ethods : Clinical details of 104 spindle cell sarcomas submitted to Finn Pathologists during the year 2000 were reviewed. Questionnaires were sent to the submitting veterinarians, requesting details about the tumour, surgery performed and ultimate outcome of the patient.
R esults : The method of surgical resection was described as marginal in 45 dogs (44·2 per cent). Excision margins of 3 cm or more were described in less than 10 per cent of cases. Tumours recurred locally in 29 dogs (27·9 per cent). Eighteen dogs (21·7 per cent) died of tumour-related causes. Most deaths were unrelated to sarcoma (50 dogs, 60·2 per cent) or unknown (15 dogs, 18 per cent). The median survival time was 1013 days. Tumour size, location or degree of surgical resection were not significantly related to survival or tumour recurrence. A palpable assessment of tumour invasion into underlying tissues was significantly associated with decreased disease-free interval (P<0·0001) and survival time (P = 0·0070).
C linical S ignificance : The results of this retrospective study indicate that many spindle cell tumours managed in first opinion practice exhibit a low-grade biological behaviour and may respond well to more conservative surgery than current recommendations advise. 相似文献
M ethods : Clinical details of 104 spindle cell sarcomas submitted to Finn Pathologists during the year 2000 were reviewed. Questionnaires were sent to the submitting veterinarians, requesting details about the tumour, surgery performed and ultimate outcome of the patient.
R esults : The method of surgical resection was described as marginal in 45 dogs (44·2 per cent). Excision margins of 3 cm or more were described in less than 10 per cent of cases. Tumours recurred locally in 29 dogs (27·9 per cent). Eighteen dogs (21·7 per cent) died of tumour-related causes. Most deaths were unrelated to sarcoma (50 dogs, 60·2 per cent) or unknown (15 dogs, 18 per cent). The median survival time was 1013 days. Tumour size, location or degree of surgical resection were not significantly related to survival or tumour recurrence. A palpable assessment of tumour invasion into underlying tissues was significantly associated with decreased disease-free interval (P<0·0001) and survival time (P = 0·0070).
C linical S ignificance : The results of this retrospective study indicate that many spindle cell tumours managed in first opinion practice exhibit a low-grade biological behaviour and may respond well to more conservative surgery than current recommendations advise. 相似文献
5.
Cell proliferation and apoptosis in canine cutaneous histiocytomas and transmissible venereal tumours were examined in twenty cases. The Ki-67 immunohistochemistry and Tunel methods were used to detect mitotic activity and apoptosis, respectively. The number of Ki-67 immunoreactive cells was 11.65 (+/- 1.1706) in canine cutaneous histiocytomas and 17 (+/- 2.1751) in transmissible venereal tumours. The mean values of apoptotic cells for canine cutaneous histiocytomas and transmissible venereal tumours were 13.25 (+/- 1.8758) and 8.52 (+/- 1.1007), respectively. It was considered that mitotic activity and apoptotic indices were useful in differentiation of canine cutaneous histiocytomas and transmissible venereal tumours. The correlation values for canine cutaneous histiocytomas and transmissible venereal tumours were 0.359 (+/- 0.330) and -0.232 (+/- 0.344), respectively. No significant (P > 0.05) correlation was found between mitosis and apoptosis in these two tumour types. 相似文献
6.
Evaluation of a genetic assay for canine transmissible venereal tumour diagnosis in Brazil 
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下载免费PDF全文 K. F. Castro A. Strakova M. Tinucci‐Costa E. P. Murchison 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2017,15(2):615-618
The canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT) is a transmissible cancer that is spread between dogs by the allogeneic transfer of living cancer cells. The infectious agents in CTVT are the living cancer cells themselves, which are transmitted between dogs during coitus. CTVT first arose several thousand years ago and the disease has a global distribution and is frequently observed in dogs from Brazil. We evaluated the utility of a LINE‐MYC quantitative polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of CTVT cases in Brazil. Our analysis indicated that the LINE‐MYC rearrangement was detectable in all CTVT samples but not in their corresponding hosts. This genetic assay proves to be a useful tool for providing a definitive molecular diagnosis of CTVT, which presents with varying degrees of aggressiveness and invasiveness in different host dogs and can therefore be a diagnostic challenge in some specific cases. 相似文献
7.
Sixty-four canine cutaneous round cell tumors were divided into 25 mast cell tumors, 15 histiocytomas, nine cutaneous lymphosarcomas and 15 transmissible venereal tumors. The final diagnosis was made from cytologic, clinical and histologic findings. Cytologic features were significantly distinctive in mast cell tumor, transmissible venereal tumor, and most cases of histiocytoma and lymphosarcoma to allow a diagnostic opinion. This opinion was supported by subsequent histologic examination. In some instances cytology was considered essential in rendering a diagnostic opinion even though histology was available. 相似文献
8.
Canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT) is a contagious venereal tumour of dogs, commonly observed in dogs that are in close contact with one another, or in stray and wild dogs that exhibit unrestrained sexual activity. CTVT represents a unique, naturally transmissible, contagious tumour, where the mutated tumour cell itself is the causative agent and perpetuates as a parasitic allograft in the host. Clinical history, signalment and cytological features are often obvious for establishing a diagnosis though biopsy and histological examination may be needed in atypical cases. Most cases are curable with three intravenous injections of vincristine sulphate at weekly intervals. The role of stray and wild dogs makes the disease difficult to control and necessitates sustained animal birth control in stray dogs along with prompt therapy of the affected dogs. This review captures the manifold developments in different areas embracing this fascinating tumour, including its biology, diagnosis and therapeutic alternatives. 相似文献
9.
Papazoglou LG Koutinas AF Plevraki AG Tontis D 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2001,48(7):391-400
The medical records of six dogs with primary intranasal transmissible venereal tumour (TVT) were reviewed. Epistaxis (4/6), serosangineous nasal discharge (2/6), oronasal fistulae (2/6), facial swelling (1/6) and submandibular lymphadenopathy (3/6) due to reactive hyperplasia (2/3) and metastasis (1/3) were the most common complaints and clinical findings. Diagnosis was made by rhinoscopy and confirmed by cytology and histopathology in five dogs and by cytology only in one dog. The microscopic appearance of the tumours with both diagnostic techniques was typical of TVT. Four cases were treated effectively with four to five weekly cycles of vincristine monotherapy that resulted in complete resolution of TVT masses in approximately 1 month. One case was resistant to this kind of treatment and another one was lost to follow-up. 相似文献
10.
M. J. Booth 《The Journal of small animal practice》1994,35(1):39-42
A young German shepherd dog was presented for a protruding vaginal mass of one month's duration. Clinical appearance of the mass was suggestive of a canine transmissible venereal tumour. Diagnosis was confirmed by cytology; a single drug chemotherapy regimen using vincristine was instituted. Regression was evident within seven days after the first treatment. Bilateral ovarian papillary cystadenocarcinoma was an incidental finding after an elective ovariohysterectomy was performed. 相似文献
11.
R. L. Grier G. Di Guardo R. Myers D. F. Merkley 《The Journal of small animal practice》1995,36(9):385-388
Distilled water was studied as an hypoosmotic oncolysis agent to prevent mast cell tumour (MCT) recurrence following surgical excision. The results from 118 MCTS excised in 74 dogs were: surgery alone, a recurrence rate of 52·6 per cent (10/19); and surgery followed by distilled water injections into the wound, a 26·2 per cent (26/99) recurrence rate. All of 10 small MCTS (0·03 to 0·25 cm3) injected with distilled water in situ with no surgery, regressed. The present data suggest that distilled water should be considered as an adjunct to surgery for canine MCTS. 相似文献
12.
Mylonakis ME Saridomichelakis MN Lazaridis V Leontides LS Kostoulas P Koutinas AF 《The Journal of small animal practice》2008,49(4):191-196
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and identify possible clinicopathologic indicators of the diseases associated with canine epistaxis. METHODS: The medical records of 61 dogs with epistaxis were reviewed. RESULTS: Systemic diseases, diagnosed in fifty-six dogs, included canine leishmaniasis in twenty-three dogs, canine monocytic ehrlichiosis in twenty-two, concurrent canine leishmaniasis and canine monocytic ehrlichiosis in six, rodenticide toxicity in two and primary immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, suspected oestrogen toxicity and systemic arterial hypertension in one dog each. Intranasal diseases were documented in the remaining five dogs, including transmissible venereal tumour in three dogs, and nasal adenocarcinoma and nasal aspergillosis in one dog each. Mucosal pallor and a generalised bleeding tendency were significantly more common among dogs with canine monocytic ehrlichiosis compared with those with canine leishmaniasis, whereas the opposite was true for peripheral lymphadenomegaly. Also, dogs with canine monocytic ehrlichiosis presented with pancytopenia more frequently compared with those with canine leishmaniasis; in the latter dogs, the median values of haematocrit, leucocyte and platelet counts and serum total protein concentrations were higher. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Canine leishmaniasis and canine monocytic ehrlichiosis are the leading causes of canine epistaxis in Greece. Mucosal pallor, bleeding tendency and pancytopenia are more likely to be indicative of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis, as opposed to peripheral lymphadenomegaly and hyperproteinaemia in canine leishmaniasis. 相似文献
13.
J. M. THOMPSON N. T. GORMAN N. M. BLEEHEN L. N. OWEN R. A. S. WHITE 《The Journal of small animal practice》1987,28(6):457-477
Fifty-one dogs bearing a variety of naturally occurring tumours were treated with combined radiation and hyperthermia. The treatment regime consisted of four, weekly fractions of radiation to a total dose of 3600–4000 cGys and one or two treatments with local microwave hyperthermia, heating the tumour to 44°C for 30 minutes on each occasion. Twenty-six (51 per cent) of the tumours showed a complete response to this treatment and a further eighteen (35 per cent) tumours underwent significant regression giving a total response rate of 86 per cent. Sixteen tumours later recurred at intervals of 11–50 weeks post treatment. The majority of tumours were in the oral cavity (35 cases) and in this group the survival rate compares favourably with figures for surgical treatment and radiotherapy alone. These findings support published results from other centres, indicating that hyperthermia combined with radiotherapy is a potentially useful technique for the management of certain canine malignant tumours. 相似文献
14.
C. Clercx J. Wallon S. Gilbert F. Snapst† F. Coignoul‡ 《The Journal of small animal practice》1996,37(9):423-427
Fifty-four dogs with nasal tumours were included in this study. Based on histopathology, 52 tumours were malignant (36 epithelial and 16 mesenchymal) and two were benign (one oncocytoma and one pleiomorphic adenoma). Malignancy was significantly more frequently diagnosed by imprint cytology (81 per cent of the cases) than by brush cytology (56 per cent). Brush cytology was a significantly more sensitive technique in epithelial than in mesenchymal tumours, while the sensitivity of imprint cytology was not affected by the histological type. Brush cytology determined an epithelial origin in 88 per cent of epithelial tumours, and imprint cytology in 90 per cent. In mesenchymal tumours, the scores were significantly lower, the histological type being determined in only 20 per cent and 50 per cent, using brush and imprint cytology, respectively. 相似文献
15.
Sixty-five canine skin neoplasms studied using immunocytochemistry, included 22 histiocytomas, 18 amelanotic melanomas, 14 cutaneous lymphosarcomas, six mast cell tumors, and five transmissible venereal tumors. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections were stained using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) immunoperoxidase technique for reactivity with S-100 protein, kappa and lambda immunoglobulin light chains, alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, leukocyte common antigen (LCA), neuron-specific enolase, keratin, cytokeratin, muramidase, and vimentin. Detection of S-100, kappa and lambda light chains, neuron-specific enolase, and vimentin were most useful for screening these neoplasms. None of the markers examined was consistent in staining histiocytomas. While reactivity of S-100 (ten cases) and neuron-specific enolase (ten cases) was detected in some amelanotic melanomas, lambda light chain immunoglobulin (eight cases) was relatively consistent in cutaneous lymphomas. Mast cell neoplasms reacted with avidin and, therefore, were positive, even on negative control sections. Vimentin reacted strongly on all amelanotic melanomas and transmissible venereal tumors examined. These antibodies are helpful adjuncts in the differential diagnosis of canine skin tumors. 相似文献
16.
A. Hesse 《The Journal of small animal practice》1990,31(12):599-604
The incidence of canine urolithiasis was found to lie between 0–5 to 1 per cent of the canine population. Epidemiological and analytical data were collected for 1731 urinary stones, and causal relationships investigated. Calculi were found in 72 breeds. While they were relatively common among dachshunds, dalmatians, cocker spaniels, Pekingese, bassets, poodles, schnauzers and small terrier breeds, urinary stones were relatively rare among German shepherd dogs, boxers, collies, chow chows, old English sheepdogs, spitz and rottweiler breeds. Struvite, which was found in 55-6 per cent of all calculi, proved to be the most common constituent, followed by cystine (22-5 per cent) and ammonium urate (6-6 per cent). Xanthine calculi were rare (six cases), while silicium dioxide calculi were present in only one case. The likelihood of calculi in male animals was twice that of bitches, although the latter were found to be more prone to infection of the urinary tract. Adiposity was present in 29 per cent of all dogs with calculi. The average age of the animals was seven years. In 98-7 per cent of all cases the calculi were found in the lower urinary tract, and surgical removal of the stones was required in 87-5 per cent of cases. The main types of calculi appear among specific breeds, which indicates that a careful breeding programme may help to reduce the frequency of urinary calculi. 相似文献
17.
A procedure for the clinical investigation and surgical treatment of cases of coenuriasis in sheep was assessed. The results were based on a series of 62 cases of coenuriasis, of which 58 per cent did not have any palpable skull softening. A useful correlation between the neurological signs and the location of cysts was demonstrated, enabling accurate localisation of cysts in 68 per cent of cases. The surgical technique for the removal of cysts gave a success rate of 74 per cent among the 42 cases selected for surgery, as judged by the complete removal of the cyst and recovery of neurological functions. 相似文献
18.
O bjectives : To evaluate the response of measurable canine mast cell tumours unsuitable for other treatment modalities to a chemotherapy protocol comprising chlorambucil and prednisolone.
M ethods : Dogs bearing measurable mast cell tumours, unsuitable for treatment by surgery or radiotherapy, were treated with orally administered prednisolone and chlorambucil, and their responses assessed.
R esults : Twenty-one dogs were enrolled in the study; 13 had intermediate-grade mast cell tumour, six were high grade and two were diagnosed by cytology alone. Eight dogs had multiple tumours and 13 dogs had single tumours, and six dogs had lymph node metastases and no dogs had visceral metastases detected. Three dogs achieved complete remission, five achieved partial remission (overall response rate 38 per cent), nine had static disease and four dogs had progressive disease. Median progression-free interval for the eight responders was 533 days, and median survival time for all dogs in the study was 140 days. Progression-free interval and median survival time were not influenced by the age, sex, weight or neutering status of the patient, by the grade or stage of the tumour or whether the patient had single or multiple tumours. No toxicity was detected.
C linical S ignificance : Response and survival rates of inoperable canine MCT to chlorambucil and prednisolone are comparable to previously described protocols, with no apparent toxicity. 相似文献
M ethods : Dogs bearing measurable mast cell tumours, unsuitable for treatment by surgery or radiotherapy, were treated with orally administered prednisolone and chlorambucil, and their responses assessed.
R esults : Twenty-one dogs were enrolled in the study; 13 had intermediate-grade mast cell tumour, six were high grade and two were diagnosed by cytology alone. Eight dogs had multiple tumours and 13 dogs had single tumours, and six dogs had lymph node metastases and no dogs had visceral metastases detected. Three dogs achieved complete remission, five achieved partial remission (overall response rate 38 per cent), nine had static disease and four dogs had progressive disease. Median progression-free interval for the eight responders was 533 days, and median survival time for all dogs in the study was 140 days. Progression-free interval and median survival time were not influenced by the age, sex, weight or neutering status of the patient, by the grade or stage of the tumour or whether the patient had single or multiple tumours. No toxicity was detected.
C linical S ignificance : Response and survival rates of inoperable canine MCT to chlorambucil and prednisolone are comparable to previously described protocols, with no apparent toxicity. 相似文献
19.
Canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT) is the only known naturally occurring tumour that can be transplanted as an allograft across major histocompatibility (MHC) barriers within the same species, and even to other members of the canine family, such as foxes, coyotes and wolves. The progression of this tumour is unique in that, it follows a predictable growth pattern. In natural and experimental cases, the growth pattern includes progressive growth phase, static phase and regression phase, and this is followed by transplantation immunity in immunocompetent adults, while metastasis occurs in puppies and immunosuppressed dogs. Because of the uniqueness of CTVT transmission and progression, experimental investigations of various aspects of the biology of CTVT have been used to provide clues to the immunobiology of both animal and human tumours. This review examines the current state of knowledge of the aspects of the cytogenetic origin, immunophenotype, immunobiology and immunotherapy of CTVT. 相似文献
20.
Seventy-two dogs of 27 breeds were ovariec-tomised and followed for six years minimum. Trie technique used was a bilateral surgical flank approach, removing the ovaries and leaving the uterus in situ. The main technical advantages of the technique are the better ovarian exposure, the possible deep placement of the ligatures and the small incisions. The disadvantages are the need to turn the animal, to redrape it and the difficulty in finding the ovarian bursa in some animals as well as the difficulty of removing the uterus when necessary. Post surgical complications were minimal and consisted mainly of seroma formation in 16 dogs (26 per cent) for a maximum of two weeks. In the long term the major complications were weight gain (60 per cent), excessive hair shedding (26 per cent), aggressiveness towards other dogs (22 per cent), sedentary behaviour (29 per cent) and urinary incontinence (18 per cent). The latter started approximately 1–5 years after surgery and occurred periodically in one half and continuously in the other half of the dogs. Over the mean 10 years follow-up period no cases of pyometra occurred. 相似文献