共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 343 毫秒
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阐述森林可持续经营的概念、目标、任务以及实现的途径。以森林可持续经营的标准和指标体系的建立为切入点。分剐论述国际和国内森林可持续经营研究进展。阐明发展中国家与发达国家对建立标准和指标的不同态度。从国际、国内范围2个方面分析森林可持续经营的发展趋势。 相似文献
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论森林可持续经营及森林认证 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
概述了国际区域性森林可持续经营的标准与指标体系的9大进程，阐述了森林认证的概念及其3个组成要素以及国际上对森林认证工作的促进与发展，介绍了中国森林可持续经营的标准与指标的制定和森林认证工作。 相似文献
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美国的森林经营与森林认证现状及对我们的启示 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
美国是世界上森林经营水平较高的国家之一,从国家林业计划、森林生态系统经营、可持续经营标准和指标等方面分析了美国森林可持续经营状况,并介绍了美国森林经营及森林认证的有关情况,借鉴美国森林可持续经营的经验,提出了我国森林可持续经营和森林认证的对策。 相似文献
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森林可持续经营的标准与指标:加拿大的观点 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
森林可持续经营的标准与指标：加拿大的观点制定森林可持续经营标准与指标的目的在于：（１）描述森林可持续经营的特征并为评估其进展提供量与质的标准；（２）为有关森林的保护、经营和可持续发展的国内政策奠定基础；（３）有助于阐明包括产品认定在内的有关环境与贸易... 相似文献
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森林可持续经营标准和森林认证标准的比较分析* 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在介绍森林可持续经营标准和森林认证标准的概念和产生背景的基础上 ,从目的、内容、性质、倡导机构、尺度等方面对两者进行了比较分析 ,认为两者的目的都是为了实现森林可持续经营 ,但在内容、性质和倡导机构方面互为补充。许多国家已经制定了这两类标准并正在积极试验中 ,中国的这两类标准也已被报送到有关部门审批。随着全球经济一体化进程的加快 ,森林认证正在从欧美经济发达地区向亚非地区扩展。不同森林认证体系标准之间的互认是当前的热点 ,而增加森林经营单位水平可持续经营标准的可操作性非常关键。 相似文献
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研究FSC森林认证体系原则和标准的层次结构 ,参照FSC认证标准和国际的森林可持续经营的标准和指标 ,结合我国国情 ,提出我国森林可持续经营的标准和指标。 相似文献
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森林认证作为一种国际公认的促进森林可持续经营的市场机制,通过认证标准体系将森林可持续经营的环境、社会和经济要求进行了有效融合,并将这些要求纳入日常森林经营和管理活动,有力地推动森林可持续经营从理论走向实践,得到国际社会的普遍认可。 相似文献
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《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2013,32(2):25-62
Abstract This paper presents different models designed to operationalize the principle of forest sustainability. Concepts such as resource or environmental utilization space, carrying capacity, and critical thresholds are defined. The paper also describes an application of the qualitative and quantitative multicriteria models in assessing forest sus-tainability. Sustainability analysis was done in three stages: Stage 1 involves the development of an appropriate set of criteria and indicators (C&I); Stage 2 involves the use of multicriteria analysis (MCA) models for estimating relative importance of each C&I; and Stage 3 involves the qualitative and quantitative assessment of each C&I. The qualitative model is based on a simple flagging method where C&I elements are evaluated and assigned appropriate flag colors depending on the experts' judgments on their criticality. Similarly, the same set of C&I elements were also evaluated quantitatively using a scaled scoring system. These models were applied in a case study involving a community-managed forest in the Philippines. An assessment team consisting of representatives from various disciplines, local institutions, and local stakeholders was organized and served as the expert team that provided the assessment information used in the analysis. Feedback received from the assessors indicate that the models were found to be useful, transparent, and helpful tools not only in generating relevant sets of C&I, but more importantly, in evaluating these C&I with respect to overall forest sustain-ability. 相似文献
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From a conceptual point of view, national forest management standards in Latin American countries have progressed significantly in recent years. Examples include the Costa Rican Standards and Procedures for Sustainable Forest Management and Certification, developed by the National Commission for Forest Certification and in Nicaragua, the National Institute of Forestry proposal of principles, criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management. In line with general approaches worldwide, these national standards primarily focus on the fulfillment of sound forest practice. There is comparatively little emphasis on the assessment of management outcomes or changes in key components of the eco- and social-systems that result from management impacts. Essentially, there is little emphasis on adaptive management, though arguments that management cannot be sustainable if it is not adaptive are persuasive. This study sought to contribute to the development of standards that include elements for adaptive management that define, communicate and evaluate sustainable forest management in Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Elements from the national standards and the CIFOR generic C&I template (predominantly focused on forest management outcomes) were used as a starting point. The basic research process consisted of three phases of evaluation (in-office, desk and field). The evaluations were carried out by multidisciplinary, international groups of experts in forest ecology, management and policy. This study demonstrated the value of forums and workshops that facilitate exchange between forest scientists and policymakers; the innovation and application of a practical, applicable and scientifically based methodology for developing national level C&I; and acceptance of this methodology by key players in the fields of forest management and policy. These experiences and the resulting proposals of C&I for the evaluation of ecologically sustainable forest management are expected to be used as points of reference for future development of forest policy in Costa Rica and Nicaragua, and to contribute to the overall understanding of C&I development processes in the region. 相似文献
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According to the structure-based forest management theory,the appraisal indices system of natural forest management efficiency was established from spatial utilization,species diversity, constructive species competition and tree composition,which could be used to depict stand status,and its metewand was given.Relative weight was endowed by The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP),and then the conception of natural forest management efficiency comprehensive appraisal index was put forward for the first time and applied to four different sampling plots of natural forest, three of them from Dongdapo forest region,Jiaohe, Jilin province,and one from Baihua forest area, Xiaolongshan,Gansu province,China.The results are as following:the stand status was obviously improved after being managed and plot A,B got a mark of "medium" while C and D were "perfect". From high to low,the arrangement of forest management efficiency comprehensive appraisal index was C>D>A>B.This appraisal result abided by the phenomenon detected in the practical field.The forest management efficiency comprehensive appraisal index brought up in this paper could be taken as a way of comprehensive quantitative change of stand state which directly reflects the effort of forest management and affords scientific basis of natural forest management effort. 相似文献
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Local-level criteria and indicators: an Aboriginal perspective on sustainable forest management 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
Sherry Erin; Halseth Regine; Fondahl Gail; Karjala Melanie; Leon Beverly 《Forestry》2005,78(5):513-539
As tools for improving the sustainability of forest management,criteria and indicator (C&I) frameworks have grown in popularityover the last decade. Such frameworks have been largely derivedfrom top-down approaches to determining critical measures offorest management success. While useful, they fail to capturemany C&I of critical importance to local populations, whoexperience forest management strategies first hand and who havetheir own definitions of sustainability. Using archival materials,our research begins to identify one First Nation's forest valuesand compares these local-level C&I with three well-knownC&I frameworks for sustainable forestry. We demonstratethat local-level definitions can provide additional C&I,as well as additional levels of detail to C&I that theyshare with the national and international frameworks. Both arecrucial to developing strategies for sustainable managementthat meet local as well as broader needs and desires. 相似文献
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《Forest Policy and Economics》2004,6(1):63-70
Policy-makers in most countries now recognise the need to conserve biodiversity, forest productivity and the prosperity of forest dependent communities in the long-term. There is wide recognition of the importance of forested watersheds to hydrological regimes and water quality and the significant cultural, social and aesthetic values of forests. Policies are now directed at achieving sustainable forest management (SFM). Criteria and indicators (C&I) define SFM but obtaining agreement on what SFM is has proven to be a difficult task internationally and nationally. International activities including the work of the International Tropical Timber Organisation (ITTO), the European Union (EU) and the Montreal Process (MP) for temperate and boreal forests outside Europe, have, over the past decade refined C&I for SFM to the point now that there is substantial agreement between them. This paper reviews progress towards defining SFM and shows through a synthesis of the ITTO, EU and MP C&I the emergent consistency in defining SFM. The implication is that there are now sufficiently specific and agreed principles, C&I to guide policy-makers towards SFM. While much work remains to be done to operationalise the C&I, the gap between these agreed criteria and current practice for forest management is so wide that progress can be made within the frameworks while refinement continues. 相似文献
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Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) is an integral component of sustainable development. Iran is a Near East country with low forest cover. Iran uses 7 criteria and 65 indicators for regional and national monitoring of forest management. We evaluated the status of SFM in Iran, and a location imaging in its path towards SFM was provided by existing validation data and library references for the Criteria and Indicators (C&I) adopted in the Near East, We identify challenges and opportunities associated with SFM in Iran. Although the information to evaluate the trend of SFM in Iran was incomplete, we compiled some information on the basis of C&I. Comparison of some indicators with the values for the rest of the world revealed that the situation in Iran is very different. Although some indicators revealed a better situation in Iran, Iran lags the rest of the world in the implementation of SFM. Iran, like many countries, is trying hard to find ways to sustainably use its forests. Not all C&I for assessment of SFM in Iran have been determined or defined. However, a consistent and comprehensive framework of criteria and indicators to monitor progress towards SFM is being applied. Defining some C&I is still at an early stage. 相似文献
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Although the importance of aboriginal knowledge, values and perspectives in sustainable development has been recognised for many decades, worldwide examples exist showing that aboriginal involvement is less then effective. How and where to include aboriginal needs and goals has however been problematic. Ultimately, aboriginal forest values need to be considered with scientific strategies and their role and compatibility with forest conditions needs to be explored. Criteria and indicator (C&I) frameworks can be used as a platform to include community needs and goals in management decisions. This review compares aboriginal forest ecological perspectives defined by Canadian local level C&I frameworks with non-aboriginal local level C&I frameworks to identify their differences at the indicator level. Three major themes mark the differences between aboriginal and non-aboriginal indicators: (1) aboriginal frameworks introduce ecological indicators of cultural importance; (2) there is an aesthetic concern for forest operations especially if they affect cultural owners; and (3) indicators regarding the access to resources are more complex and include the sustainability of the productivity, proximity, integrity and quality of resources used in traditional activities. Results show that First Nation forest sustainability issues are in effect a combination of forest conditions and values. Inclusion of forest values in C&I frameworks is necessary because: (1) aboriginal communities do not dissociate culture from the environment and thus forest values from forest condition, (2) they have an impact on resulting forest management strategies and decisions, and (3) they offer a holistic approach to sustainability issues and a better picture of local environmental contexts. 相似文献
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