共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 828 毫秒
1.
针对机器视觉对作物行定位困难问题,给出一种基于Hough变换的作物行视觉定位方法。根据农田作物行图像的信息特点,运用2G-R-B灰度变换加大图像类间距离,采用最大类间方差法(OTSU)分割作物行与背景图像,采用5像素×1像素结构元素图像膨胀法对作物行形态进行修正并缩小或消除作物行和背景中的孔洞,采用中间线检测准定位基准线图像处理方法提取代表作物行走向的准定位基准线,采用Hough变换得到真正的定位基准线及其参数。采用400像素×300像素的白菜作物行图像进行实验,经本方法进行图像处理后,得到每条作物行单一的最能反映作物行走向的准定位基准线,再经Hough变换得到清晰、准确的定位基准线。所得到的定位基准线很好地代表了作物行走向,表明本方法能够得到较好的定位效果。 相似文献
2.
《江苏农业学报》2020,(4)
为了解决常规农业移动机器人导航基准线提取方法存在识别速度慢、检测精度低以及对光照变化敏感等问题,提出1种自然光照环境下基于人工蜂群算法的视觉导航路径提取方法。首先,将视觉传感器获取的作物图像进行灰度化处理,通过图像熵对灰度图像质量进行估计,当光照条件变化时,在线调整摄像机曝光时间,使获取的图像质量达到最佳状态,以提高后续图像处理对光照变化的适应能力。然后,采用类间最大方差法对图像进行分割,将作物信息与土壤背景分离,运用形态学滤波方法消除分割图像中的杂草噪声。最后,对图像顶部和底部分别进行灰度垂直投影,获取作物行区域并提取作物行特征点,利用人工蜂群算法搜索2个特征点,使其构成的直线所含目标点数最多,并将这条直线作为作物行中心线,进而得到导航路径。结果表明,在不同光照度条件下,基于图像熵的曝光时间调整方法可以有效降低光照度变化对后续图像处理的影响;基于人工蜂群算法的导航基准线提取方法可以快速有效地识别作物行与导航路径,处理1幅640×480像素的图像平均耗时76.4 ms,与传统导航基准线提取方法(Hough变换算法、最小二乘法)相比,人工蜂群算法具有检测速度快、准确性高的特点。本研究提高了应用于田间作业的农业移动机器人导航路径识别精度。 相似文献
3.
目的 为使水稻机械除草部件作业时能避开秧苗、降低伤苗率,设计了一种基于机器视觉与比例积分微分(Proportion integration differentiation,PID)控制的避苗控制系统。方法 利用改进超绿算法对秧苗进行灰度化,运用图像投影法对感兴趣区域(Region of interest,ROI)内的秧苗进行特征提取及图像坐标定位,采用稳健回归算法拟合秧苗,得到苗带中心线,通过小孔成像模型转换,获得秧苗的地面坐标位置及除草部件中心与苗带中心线的距离。基于PID控制算法对液压纠偏系统进行控制,并应用Matlab/Simulink对系统进行仿真研究。结果 系统可实现避苗作业,模型的稳态响应时间为0.34 s。系统性能对比试验的结果表明：避苗控制系统明显减少了除草部件的伤苗情况,平均伤苗率为3.75%;而没有避苗控制系统的情况下,平均伤苗率为24.88%。结论 本文设计的对行控制系统满足除草部件作业路径实时校正要求,可有效降低稻田机械除草的伤苗率。研究结果为水稻及其他作物的机械除草对行控制提供参考。 相似文献
4.
针对计算机对农田环境定位困难问题,提出一种计算机图像预处理和霍夫变换相结合进行农田环境定位的方法。通过对农田作物行图像特点的分析,运用恰当的计算机图像处理方法,从作物行图像中提取出反映作物行位置的准定位参考线,运用霍夫变换技术得到真正的定位参考线及其参数。采用600×450的甘著作物行图像进行实验,结果表明该方法能够实现较好的定位效果。 相似文献
5.
利用YUV色彩空间模型,以完全查表法对水稻秧苗列图像进行灰度化,通过基于傅里叶变换指导生成图像形态学运算的结构元素,提出一种结合傅里叶变换进行膨胀和腐蚀的方法,提取秧苗列轮廓,采用改良的逆投影变换对苗列图像进行垂直俯视投影,得到实际田间苗列位置,进而利用苗列实际走向信息,实现机器视觉导航系统跟踪苗列行进。对摄像机不同角度获取的苗列图像的处理结果表明,在容许识别定位误差小于50像素点、角度偏差小于6°的前提下,对苗列中心线识别与提取导航基准线的准确率为95.2%,可较好地实现田间自然环境下秧苗图像背景分割和苗列中心线提取。 相似文献
6.
基于随机抽样一致性算法(RANSAC)的农作物行提取 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《江苏农业科学》2017,(2)
农作物行提取是实施农业机械导航技术的关键,运用归一化的算法对图像进行灰度化处理,采用最大类间方差分割方法将图像转化为二值图像,然后利用垂直投影方法进行定位点归类,最后采用改进的随机抽样一致性算法提取作物行直线。结果表明,该算法能够在缺株、有杂草、地膜覆盖等复杂背景下,自动剔除伪定位点,有效检测出作物行。 相似文献
7.
设计了一套基于机器视觉的作物对行喷药控制系统.首先由CCD摄像机拍摄成行作物图像,提取其色调值图像并用最大类间方差法二值化后,经数学形态学腐蚀后用Hough变换方法拟合作物行中心线,最后步进电机移动其喷头标识来对准此作物行.实验验证了该方法的正确性. 相似文献
8.
基于机器视觉的作物对行喷药控制的研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
设计了一套基于机器视觉的作物对行喷药控制系统.首先由CCD摄像机拍摄成行作物图像,提取其色调值图像并用最大类间方差法二值化后,经数学形态学腐蚀后用Hough变换方法拟合作物行中心线,最后步进电机移动其喷头标识来对准此作物行.实验验证了该方法的正确性. 相似文献
9.
[目的]介绍一种根据小麦病害图像的颜色特征进行病害识别的方法。[方法]首先对小麦叶部图像进行预处理,利用小波变换进行病害部位增强和去噪;然后基于病害部位的非绿特征进行图像分割,得到只包含病害像素的图像;对病害图像颜色进行统计,得到R、G、B分量的均值,并用相对于绿色分量的均值比作为颜色特征值;最后通过分析样本图像得到每种病害的特征值范围,利用颜色特征值对未知样本进行病害识别。[结果]采用该方法对小麦叶锈病、条锈病、白粉病进行识别,平均准确率达到98%。[结论]为小麦病害的诊断与诊治提供了理论依据。 相似文献
10.
基于行宽的玉米行间杂草识别算法 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为精确识别和定位玉米行间杂草,满足基于机器视觉的变量施药系统喷施要求,提出了一种基于行宽的多行玉米行间杂草识别算法.该算法以垂直拍摄的3叶期3行玉米田间图像为研究对象,利用YIQ颜色空间中的Q分量灰度化田间彩色图像,以降低自然光源对图像的影响;通过建立实际田间玉米行宽与图像玉米行宽的映射关系,将3叶期玉米行的宽度映射到对应图像中,并确定基于识别率和运算速度的覆盖范围;以具有一定宽度的玉米行作为识别基准,减小未连通叶片区域的误识别率,提高对杂草识别的精度.从识别精度和速度2方面与基于作物行中心线识别算法进行了对比.研究结果表明,对于3叶期3行玉米田间图像,杂草正确识别率可达89.2％,速度为197 ms.本算法有效地提高了行间杂草识别的精度和速度,能够初步满足基于机器视觉的变量施药系统对大田玉米多行喷施的工作要求. 相似文献
11.
This study proposes a new method for detecting curved and straight crop rows in images captured in maize fields during the initial growth stages of crop and weed plants. The images were obtained under perspective projection with a camera installed onboard and conveniently arranged at the front of a tractor. The final goal was the identification of the crop rows which are crucial for precise autonomous guidance and site-specific treatments, including weed removal based on the identification of plants outside the crop rows. Image quality is affected by uncontrolled lighting conditions in outdoor agricultural environments and by gaps in the crop rows (due to lack of germination or defects during planting). Also, different plants heights and volumes occur due to different growth stages affecting the crop row detection process. The proposed method was designed with the required robustness to cope with the above undesirable situations and it consists of three sequentially linked phases: (i) image segmentation, (ii) identification of starting points and (iii) crop row detection. The main contribution is the ability of the method to detect curved crop rows as well as straights rows even with irregular inter-row spaces. The method performance has been tested in terms of accuracy and time processing. 相似文献
12.
【目的】 为实现小麦精准管理,准确识别其种植行位置具有重要意义。本研究分别针对传统Hough变换法和绿色像元累积法存在的缺陷进行改进,并对改进前、后不同方法在小麦种植行识别上的精度进行对比分析,为小麦种植行精准提取提供技术支撑。【方法】 本研究开展了小麦水、氮耦合试验,在小麦拔节前期,基于四旋翼无人机携带RedEdge M传感器获取小麦不同生长条件下多光谱影像。基于上述数据,首先采用超绿超红差分指数和Otsu方法对影像分割、分类,获取植被/土壤二值图;其次,采用3×1线型模板进行形态学开运算,降低边界不规则度并去除噪音;然后,结合无人机影像中小麦种植行排布特点,分别针对传统Hough变换法的峰值检测过程和绿色像素累积法的角度检测过程进行优化,提出改进的小麦种植行识别方法;最后,分别将两种方法改进前、后的识别结果与目视解译种植行位置结果进行对比,基于检出率和作物行识别精度（crop row detection accuracy,CRDA）评价4种方法的优劣。【结果】 采用超绿超红差分指数与Otsu方法可以很好对植被/土壤进行分类,分类结果的总体精度达到93.75%,Kappa系数为0.87;形态学运算可以很好地去除图像噪声,减少后期种植行识别误差;改进后Hough变换法通过利用先验知识对峰值检测范围进行约束,有效提升了种植行检测精度,种植行平均检出率从30%提升至67%,CRDA平均值从0.22提升至0.44;改进后绿色像元累积法通过考察整幅影像的绿色像元累积特征,有效提升角度检测精度,种植行平均检出率从14%提升至93%,CRDA平均值从0.12提升至0.69;4种方法的识别精度从高到低依次为改进后绿色像元累积法、改进后Hough变换法、改进前Hough变换法、改进前绿色像元累积法。【结论】 本研究较好地改进了传统种植行识别方法,为种植密度大、行间距小的小麦种植行识别提供了技术支撑。 相似文献
13.
Automated Crop and Weed Monitoring in Widely Spaced Cereals 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
An approach is described for automatic assessment of crop and weed area in images of widely spaced (0.25 m) cereal crops,
captured from a tractor mounted camera. A form of vegetative index, which is invariant over the range of natural daylight
illumination, was computed from the red, green and blue channels of a conventional CCD camera. The transformed image can be
segmented into soil and vegetative components using a single fixed threshold. A previously reported algorithm was applied
to robustly locate the crop rows. Assessment zones were automatically positioned; for crop growth directly over the crop rows,
and for weed growth between the rows. The proportion of crop and weed pixels counted was compared with a manual assessment
of area density on the basis of high resolution plan view photographs of the same area; this was performed for views with
a range of crop and weed levels. The correlation of the manual and automatic measures was examined, and used to obtain a calibration
for the automatic approach. The results of mapping of a small field, at two times, are presented. The results of the automated
mapping appear to be consistent with manual assessment. 相似文献
14.
作物种植行自动检测研究现状与趋势 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大田作物一般成行种植,以提高种植效率和方便田间管理。因此,作物种植行自动检测对于智能农机携带传感器拍摄影像实现自主导航、精准打药,乃至基于无人机搭载传感器拍摄高分辨率影像生成田间的精准管理作业单元都具有重要意义,是智慧农业管理的重要组成部分。本研究首先系统归纳总结了已有作物种植行自动检测方法,分析了Hough变换法、最小二乘法、绿色像元累积法、Blob分析法、滤波法、消隐点法等作物种植行提取方法的基本原理、发展现状与优、缺点;其次,针对已有研究,提出目前还存在的、需要探讨的科学技术问题,比如不同空间和光谱分辨率影像如何影响作物种植行提取的精度;怎样基于无人机识别不同空间分布特征的作物种植行并进行长势空间精准制图;如何构建标准化的作物种植行识别技术流程等;最后,针对种植行提取技术现状与存在的问题,提出未来的若干研究方向,包括能适应高杂草压力等复杂环境的作物种植行精准识别技术,以提高智能农机自主导航精度;能基于种植行识别结果进行作物长势精准制图,从而支撑田间精准分区的方法;耦合无人机遥感精准作物长势监测与智能农机作业的田间精准管理技术等。本文可为影像中作物种植行自动提取及其相关应用研究提供参考。 相似文献
15.
Jun-bo DU Tian-fu HAN Jun-yi GAI Tai-wen YONG Xin SUN Xiao-chun WANG Feng YANG Jiang LIU Kai SHU Wei-guo LIU Wen-yu YANG 《农业科学学报》2018,17(4):747-754
Intercropping is one of the most vital practice to improve land utilization rate in China that has limited arable land resource. However, the traditional intercropping systems have many disadvantages including illogical field lay-out of crops, low economic value, and labor deficiency, which cannot balance the crop production and agricultural sustainability. In view of this, we developed a novel soybean strip intercropping model using maize as the partner, the regular maize-soybean strip intercropping mainly popularized in northern China and maize-soybean relay-strip intercropping principally extended in southwestern China. Compared to the traditional maize-soybean intercropping systems, the main innovation of field lay-out style in our present intercropping systems is that the distance of two adjacent maize rows are shrunk as a narrow strip, and a strip called wide strip between two adjacent narrow strips is expanded reserving for the growth of two or three rows of soybean plants. The distance between outer rows of maize and soybean strips are expanded enough for light use efficiency improvement and tractors working in the soybean strips. Importantly, optimal cultivar screening and increase of plant density achieved a high yield of both the two crops in the intercropping systems and increased land equivalent ratio as high as 2.2. Annually alternative rotation of the adjacent maize- and soybean-strips increased the grain yield of next seasonal maize, improved the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potasium of maize, while prevented the continuous cropping obstacles. Extra soybean production was obtained without affecting maize yield in our strip intercropping systems, which balanced the high crop production and agricultural sustainability. 相似文献
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17.
目的 针对林间或冠层下等卫星信号严重遮挡的区域，提出一种面向农业机器人导航环境感知的低成本3D激光雷达(LiDAR)点云信息处理与植物行估计方法。方法 利用直通滤波器滤除感兴趣区域外的目标无关点；提出均值漂移聚类、扫描区域自适应的方法分割每棵植物主干，垂直投影主干点云估算中心点；利用最小二乘法拟合主干中心，估计植物行。分别在开阔地的仿真果园与水杉树林进行模拟试验与田间试验，以植物行向量与正东方夹角为指标，计算本研究提出的方法识别的植物行信息与GNSS卫星天线定位测得的植物行真值间的角度误差。结果 采用提出的3D LiDAR点云信息处理与植物行估计方法，模拟试验和田间试验对植物行识别误差平均值分别为0.79°和1.48°，最小值分别为0.12°和0.88°，最大值分别为1.49°和2.33°。结论 车载3D LiDAR能够有效估计水杉树植物行。该研究丰富了作物识别思路与方法，为无卫星信号覆盖区域的农业机器人无图导航提供了理论依据。 相似文献
18.
《农业科学学报》2019,18(11):2628-2643
Timely crop acreage and distribution information are the basic data which drive many agriculture related applications. For identifying crop types based on remote sensing, methods using only a single image type have significant limitations. Current research that integrates fine and coarser spatial resolution images, using techniques such as unmixing methods, regression models, and others, usually results in coarse resolution abundance without sufficient detail within pixels, and limited attention has been paid to the spatial relationship between the pixels from these two kinds of images. Here we propose a new solution to identify winter wheat by integrating spectral and temporal information derived from multi-resolution remote sensing data and determine the spatial distribution of sub-pixels within the coarse resolution pixels. Firstly, the membership of pixels which belong to winter wheat is calculated using a 25-m resolution resampled Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) image based on the Bayesian equation. Then, the winter wheat abundance (acreage fraction in a pixel) is assessed by using a multiple regression model based on the unique temporal change features from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) time series data. Finally, winter wheat is identified by the proposed Abundance-Membership (AM) model based on the spatial relationship between the two types of pixels. Specifically, winter wheat is identified by comparing the spatially corresponding 10×10 membership pixels of each abundance pixel. In other words, this method takes advantage of the relative size of membership in a local space, rather than the absolute size in the entire study area. This method is tested in the major agricultural area of Yiluo Basin, China, and the results show that acreage accuracy (Aa) is 93.01% and sampling accuracy (As) is 91.40%. Confusion matrix shows that overall accuracy (OA) is 91.4% and the kappa coefficient (Kappa) is 0.755. These values are significantly improved compared to the traditional Maximum Likelihood classification (MLC) and Random Forest classification (RFC) which rely on spectral features. The results demonstrate that the identification accuracy can be improved by integrating spectral and temporal information. Since the identification of winter wheat is performed in the space corresponding to each MODIS pixel, the influence of differences of environmental conditions is greatly reduced. This advantage allows the proposed method to be effectively applied in other places. 相似文献
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针对遥操作拖拉机驾驶机器人旋耕作业时,工作环境中作物行多样化、光照不均的特点,提出一种基于导向滤波(Guided Image Filter)和剪切波变换(Shearlet Transform)的方法用于提取新旧土边界线以完成拖拉机视觉导航。首先,将图像快速转换到YCr Cb颜色空间,对灰度化的图像进行导向滤波,然后使用Shearlet-canny算子提取新旧土的边缘信息,最后经过Hough变换给出视觉导航线。结果表明,在YCr Cb颜色空间对图像进行灰度化处理与HSV、HIS、RGB颜色空间相比,效果最好,耗时最短,分别快94.0%、94.3%和25.4%;导向滤波处理图像的方法与Tarel中值滤波、MRetinex滤波、小波域Retinex滤波及同态滤波相比,算法耗时分别短87.5%、79.5%、88.8%和87.0%;采用Shearlet-Canny算子检测边缘并经过Hough变换后提取的导航线精确度最高,最大误差小于0.5°。研究表明,基于导向滤波和剪切波变换的新旧土边界线提取方法用于拖拉机智能导航是可行的。 相似文献