首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 45 毫秒
1.
The historical and clinical findings in 200 referred cases of equine sinus disease were reviewed retrospectively. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to detect significant differences in historical or clinical features between various categories of sinus disease. The causes of sinus disease were classified as subacute primary (less than two months duration) (n=52), chronic primary (more than two months duration) (n=37), dental (n=40), sinus cyst (n=26), traumatic (n=13) or mycotic sinusitis (n=7), sinus neoplasia (n=10), dental-related oromaxillary fistula (n=8) and intrasinus progressive ethmoid haematoma (n=7). The majority of sinus disorders were of chronic duration at the time of referral and most (including 97 per cent of chronic primary sinusitis cases) had not responded to previous antibiotic therapy and/or sinus lavage in some cases. Clinical signs included unilateral nasal discharge in most cases, including purulent or mucopurulent discharge in all horses with primary, dental and mycotic sinusitis. Haemorrhagic nasal discharge was a feature of traumatic sinusitis and intrasinus progressive ethmoid haematomas. Firm facial swellings and nasal airflow obstruction were features of sinus cysts and neoplasms. Ipsilateral lymphadenitis was a more prominent feature of sinus disease with active infections such as primary, dental or mycotic sinusitis.  相似文献   

2.
OBJECTIVE: To describe a technique of contact neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser-assisted excision of progressive ethmoid hematoma (PEH) in horses, to determine the recurrence rate of clinical signs of PEH in horses with follow-up time of a minimum of 12 months, and to compare this result with reported results achieved by using conventional techniques. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 21 horses with 26 PEH. PROCEDURE: Medical records of all horses with PEH treated by Nd:YAG laser excision from December 1986 through August 1996 were analyzed. Twenty-one horses underwent unilateral (18 surgeries) or bilateral (14) frontonasal bone flap with excision of the mass, using an Nd:YAG laser. One horse with bilateral PEH underwent a unilateral bone flap twice, 1 year apart. RESULTS: 1 horse died. Four of 20 horses with followup times of 12 months or longer had recurrence of PEH. The PEH recurrence rate was 20% (5/25 PEH). Three of 6 horses with bilateral lesions had recurrence of PEH. Recurrence rate for horses that had bilateral PEH (3/6 horses) was greater than for horses with unilateral PEH (1/14 horses). CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Treatment of PEH by Nd:YAG laser excision through a frontonasal bone flap results in a recurrence rate comparable with that reported for conventional techniques. Horses with bilateral lesions are more likely to have a recurrence of PEH.  相似文献   

3.
Objective —To examine the response of horses with progressive ethmoidal hematoma (PEH) to intralesional injection of 4% formaldehyde solution.
Study Design —Nasal passages of horses affected with PEH were examined endoscopically at different intervals to determine the effects of intralesional injection of formaldehyde solution.
Animals —21 horses with PEH.
Methods —PEHs were injected transendoscopically with 4% formaldehyde solution. Horses were examined endoscopically and retreated at different intervals until the PEH was eliminated or was so small that reinjection was not possible.
Results —Lesions diminished significantly in size or were eliminated after 1 to 18 injections (median, 5; mean, 7.0 ± 5.62). Seventeen lesions (60.7%) resolved completely after 1 to 18 injections (median, 5; mean, 7.2 ± 5.71). Five lesions decreased markedly in size but did not resolve after receiving 1 to 18 injections (median, 5; mean, 7.6 ± 6.66). Injection of these lesions was discontinued 4.0 to 25.1 months (median, 9.5; mean, 11.02 ± 8.446) after the first injection. The PEH of one horse was removed surgically after one injection. Three horses, one with bilateral PEH, were lost to follow-up. One horse developed signs of laminitis. No other complications were observed.
Conclusions —Horses with a PEH can be treated effectively by transendoscopic, intralesional injection of 4% formaldehyde solution.  相似文献   

4.
Two cases of ethmoid hematoma of the equine are reported. Clinically both horses had intermittent unilateral epistaxis unassociated with exercise. In one horse, diagnosis was based on the use of an endoscope for visualization and for biopsy of a mass associated with the ethmoid turbinates. In the other horse, exploratory trephination of the posterior maxillary sinus was necessary to obtain a diagnostic biopsy specimen. Radiography was helpful in the diagnosis of one case. Surgical removal of the mass was attempted in one case. Histological examination of the biopsies was the single most definitive diagnostic technique in both cases.  相似文献   

5.
A method has been devised to produce eosinophilia in birds experimentally. Multiple intraperitoneal injections of bovine serum albumin (BSA) produced a greater response than horse serum in young adult fowls, and injections of 2 ml BSA were more effective than injections of 0.2 ml. The highest eosinophilic responses were obtained with injections of BSA together with aluminium hydroxide. Thymectomy had little effect on eosinophil numbers following horse serum injections but irradiation produced a depressed response. Horse serum that had been heated to 56 degrees C for 30 minutes to inactivate complement and to denature proteins, including possible horse IgE, induced an eosinophilic response in 50 per cent of birds compared with only 14 per cent with unheated horse serum. Furthermore, when the former birds were reinjected after a rest period of 13 weeks, the eosinophilic response followed a similar curve as before but a higher proportion of birds responded. Birds aged over two years did not give a good eosinophilic response after horse serum stimulation. There was no consistent correlation between raised IgE levels and eosinophil numbers. Tolerance to horse serum was detected in some birds using a radial immunodiffusion technique. Analyses of blood plasma from birds with eosinophilia showed a significant increase in total amino acids compared with normal birds.  相似文献   

6.
An 11‐year‐old Warmblood gelding with chronic bilateral epistaxis was diagnosed with an adenocarcinoma of the right ethmoid, based on transendoscopic biopsy. On computed tomography images, the cribriform plate was considered intact and the tumour was minimally invasive in surrounding tissue. The palliative treatment included a combination of surgical exploration and laser ablation. Following recurrence of the clinical signs one month later, intralesional formalin injection was performed. In the immediate post injection period, the horse developed severe neurological signs. Because of the overall poor prognosis, the horse was subjected to euthanasia. On post mortem examination, changes were seen in the frontal lobe consistent with diffusion of formalin through the cribriform plate. Care is needed when treating horses with intralesional formalin because macroscopic appearance of the cribriform plate may not relate to its functionality.  相似文献   

7.
Upper respiratory tract conditions of the older horse that are not necessarily associated with athletic exercise intolerance are discussed. Some of the diseases described include ethmoid hematoma, sinus disease, guttural pouch empyema and mycosis, retropharyngeal abscess, nasopharyngeal cicatrix, arytenoid chondropathy, and neoplasia.  相似文献   

8.
Multiple intraperitoneal injections of horse serum given to domestic fowls at five different ages resulted in eosinophilia in 55% of adults and in 36% of the younger birds, the highest individual eosinophil level reached being 50% of the differential white cell count. The primary eosinophilic response in fowls was between injections 7 and 36 and there was a secondary response between injections 32 and 72.Horse serum injections produced an eosinophilia in 88% of adult ducks with a maximum individual level of 31% of the differential white cell count. In ducks, primary and secondary eosinophilic responses occurred at injections 13 and 28 respectively.  相似文献   

9.
OBJECTIVE: To report experience with paranasal sinus surgery through a frontonasal flap in sedated, standing horses. STUDY DESIGN: Treatment of 10 horses with naturally occurring paranasal sinus disease through a frontonasal bone flap created with the horses standing. ANIMALS: Ten adult horses. METHODS: After restraint and sedation, local anesthetic was injected subcutaneously along the proposed incision line over the conchofrontal sinus and was instilled into the sinuses through a small hole created in the frontal bone. A 3-sided, rectangular, cutaneous incision that extended through the periosteum was created over the frontal and nasal bones. The incision was extended into the conchofrontal sinus using a bone saw, and the base of the flap, on the midline of the face, was fractured. The sinuses were explored, and the horse was treated for the disease encountered. The flap was repositioned; subcutaneous tissue and skin were sutured separately. RESULTS: The horses had few signs of discomfort during creation of the bone flap and during disease treatment. Diseases encountered included inspissated exudate in the ventral conchal sinus (five horses), feed and exudate throughout the sinuses (one horse), occlusion of the nasomaxillary aperature (one horse), polyp (one horse), osteoma (one horse), and progressive ethmoidal hematoma (one horse). CONCLUSION: In selected cases, surgery of the paranasal sinuses can be performed safely on sedated and standing horses through a frontonasal bone flap. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Performing surgery through a frontonasal bone flap with the horse standing and sedated, rather than anesthetized, eliminates risks and expense of general anesthesia.  相似文献   

10.
Objectives To determine the effect of an acute soft tissue inflammatory response on biochemical and haematological indices of hepatic and renal function in the Thoroughbred horse.
Procedure Soft tissue inflammation was induced in four Thoroughbred horses by intramuscular injections of Freunds complete adjuvant. The horses were clinically examined and blood and urine samples were collected before and after the adjuvant injections. Biochemical and haematological indices were measured in samples collected and used to determine the onset of the acute-phase response and to assess hepatic and renal function at this time.
Results After adjuvant injection, significant increases (P< 0.01) in total white (13.1 ± 1.4 times 109/L) and neutrophil (10.2 ± 1.2 times109/L) cell counts, rectal temperature (39.7 ± 0.5A°C) and various plasma protein concentrations, including fibrinogen (6.6 ± 1.2 g/L), haptoglobin (1.3 ± 0.1 g/L) and total protein (88.1 ± 2.7 g/L), indicated the induction of an acute-phase response. This corresponded with significant reductions (P< 0.01) in the plasma elimination half-lives (t½β) sodium bromo-sulphthalein (3.13 ± 0.05 to 2.82 ± 0.07 min) and sodium sulphanilate (38.29 ± 4.04 to 19.60 ± 5.68 min) and reductions in the plasma activities of aspartate aminotransferase, gluta-mate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transferase; the urinary creatinine clearance ratios of sodium, chloride and potassium; and the urinary gamma glutamyl transferase-to-creatinine clearance ratios. (All values mean ± SD.)
Conclusions The effects of the acute-phase response on indices of hepatic and renal function in the horse suggest that the disposition of pharmacological agents administered at this time may be altered and that indices of acute inflammation should be interpreted cautiously.  相似文献   

11.
SUMMARY Three cases of intramural haematoma of the small colon of horses are presented. In all cases the haematoma obstructed the lumen and caused an accumulation of faeces and gas. The horses were in shock and had acute abdominal pain. Exploratory abdominal surgery revealed the haematomas and showed them to be associated with chronic infection and terminal rupture in one animal which was subsequently killed, and an iatrogenic perforation of the terminal small colon in another which survived after intestinal resection. In the remaining horse, which died without recovering after intestinal resection, no cause was found.  相似文献   

12.
The invasive grass cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) presents major challenges for land management and habitat conservation in the western United States. Feral horses (Equus ferus caballus) have become overabundant in some areas of the West and can impact fragile semiarid ecosystems. Amid ongoing efforts to control cheatgrass in the Great Basin, we conducted a study to determine if feral horses contribute to the spread of cheatgrass through distribution via their feces. We collected feral horse fecal samples from Little Book Cliffs Herd Management Area in western Colorado in 2014. Fecal samples were dried, and 20 from each of 3 collection sessions were cultivated to examine germination success. Six species germinated from 18 samples (30%; mostly one plant per sample where germination occurred), including cheatgrass from 8% of samples. In a separate study we examined the diet of this same horse population using fecal plant DNA barcoding. Plant species that germinated were rare in the diet and germinated from fewer samples than expected relative to their detection in the diet. Our results suggest that feral horses could be contributing to cheatgrass propagation. Native ungulates and domestic cattle also have this potential. Although management of all large ungulates is necessary to mitigate cheatgrass spread, control of feral horse numbers is particularly necessary.  相似文献   

13.
Horner's syndrome developed in 2 horses after routine jugular venipuncture. Signs included unilateral sweating of the face in both horses and ptosis in 1 horse. The signs resolved within 14 hours. Signs of a perivascular injection did not develop in either horse. Although Horner's syndrome has been reported after perivascular jugular injections these cases illustrate that the syndrome may develop following routine intravenous injections.  相似文献   

14.
Reasons for performing study: Results of surgical treatment of sinonasal disease in horses have been reported previously; however, this paper describes the outcome of horses in which a specific post operative treatment protocol was used. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine: 1) short‐ and long‐term outcome; 2) complications; and 3) recurrence rates of different disease processes, when horses were treated with a specific treatment protocol. Methods: Medical records of horses presented for surgical treatment of sinonasal disease from 1996–2007 were reviewed. Results and duration of surgical exploration were recorded. Post operatively, the sinus flaps were re‐opened with the horses standing and sedated. Number of horses requiring further treatment (debridement and/or lavage), median number of post operative days when the flap was re‐opened, median number of times the flap was opened and median duration of hospitalisation were recorded. Short‐ and long‐term survival and complication rates were determined. Results: Ninety‐one horses were included in the study. The sinus flaps were re‐opened with the horses standing a median of 3 days post operatively. Thirty‐nine horses (43%) required further treatment at this time and 89 horses (97%) survived to discharge. Incision infection was the most common complication encountered (29%). No horse required a blood transfusion. Recurrence rates were 5% for paranasal sinus cysts, 12% for progressive ethmoid haematoma and 50% for neoplasia. Conclusions: Rapid removal of the primary lesion followed by packing the sinuses and re‐evaluating in the standing horse in a more controlled environment offers a safe and effective means to thoroughly assess and treat sinonasal disease. Potential relevance: Surgical time, intraoperative haemorrhage, long‐term complications and recurrence rates of paranasal sinus diseases treated via frontonasal or maxillary sinus flap may be reduced using this technique.  相似文献   

15.
In China, the first Przewalski’s horse (Equus przewalskii) group was released in Kalamaili Ungulate Protected Area in Xinjiang, in August 2001. The objective of this study was to investigate reproduction and development of released Przewalski’s horses in Xinjiang, China from 2002 to 2006. Twenty-four descendants were naturally born, average reproduction rate was 38.7%, and average survival rate of foals was 69.1% in this interim. Frequent alternation of the leading stallion and infertility in female horses due to environmental factors were main causes for the low reproduction rate. The infant mortality rate of released Przewalski’s horses was 25.0%, and 83.3% of death in infants was due to the leading stallion infanticide. The released Przewalski’s horses exhibited seasonal breeding, 70.8% of infants were born in May and June. The fertility rates were 8.3% in April and 37.5% in May, which were lower compared to those of the captive Przewalski’s horse groups (18.3% and 44.3%, respectively). Furthermore, the fertility rate in June was 33.3% and higher than the captive groups (18.3%). These findings showed that the breeding peak of the released Przewalski’s horse groups was later than the captive groups, and suggested that the altered survival environment and food supplies were the main reasons contributing to the delayed breeding peak.  相似文献   

16.
Chronic progressive lymphedema (CPL) is a debilitating condition identified in Clydesdales, Shires and Belgian draft horses and results in progressive swelling of the lower legs associated with the development of thick skin folds, ulcerations, fibrosis and marked hyperkeratosis. The result is severe discomfort and recurrent secondary infection, often requiring euthanasia. Due to the delayed onset, many horses are bred prior to diagnosis. CPL has only been documented in three related draft horse breeds, suggesting a genetic cause. Determining the molecular basis would enable owners to test horses prior to breeding and facilitate the elimination of CPL. Mutations in the FOXC2 gene cause a comparable condition in humans, lymphedema-distichiasis. This gene was sequenced in affected and unaffected draft horses and a control horse. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in unaffected draft horses and the control horse, indicating that they were not associated with CPL. A fifth SNP was seen in a single affected draft horse and the control horse. Since it was not seen in all affected draft horses, this SNP is not associated with the CPL phenotype.  相似文献   

17.
Squamous cell carcinoma originating from an epithelial scar in a horse   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
A Quarter Horse stallion developed an abscess over the left gluteal region after an IM injection of antihistamine. The wound healed with considerable fibrous scarring and some persistent granulation tissue. The lesion was static for 2 years before the granulation tissue went through a 6-month period of progressive enlargement. At that time, histopathologic diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma was made from excisional biopsy. Six months after diagnosis, the horse had lost body weight and the lesional diameter had further increased, so the horse was euthanatized.  相似文献   

18.
Composition of culture medium for mass production of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was optimized using a response surface methodology (RSM). Initially, the influence of glucose, thallium acetate, fresh yeast extract, horse serum, and porcine serum on the production of mycoplasmal protein was assessed using a ''one factor at a time'' technique. Next, factors with a significant effect, including fresh yeast extract, and horse and porcine sera, were selected for further optimization using a central composite design (CCD) of RSM. The experimental results were fitted into a second order polynomial model equation. Estimated optimal condition of the factors for maximum production of mycoplasmal protein (i.e., triple-fold increase from 0.8 mg/L produced by basal mycoplasma media to 2.5 mg/L) was 10.9% fresh yeast extract, 15% horse serum, and 31.5% porcine serum (v/v). For the optimized conditions, a 2.96 mg/L experimental result was observed, similar to the estimated optimal conditions result of the CCD.  相似文献   

19.
Signs of malignant hyperthermia, including progressive increases in PaCO2, skin temperature and heart rate, and elevated serum levels of potassium, inorganic phosphate, and creatine kinase, were identified in a halothane-anesthetized horse. Treatment was discontinuing halothane administration, applying ice and cold fluids, and hyperventilating with 100% oxygen. After an initial recovery, bilateral hindlimb myopathy and pigmenturia developed. The myopathy resolved after treatment with oral dantrolene, IV fluids, and hydrocortisone. Results of caffeine-halothane challenge, using semimembranosus muscle collected 2 weeks after the episode, were considered within normal limits for horses. The intraoperative abnormalities were evidently predictive of postanesthetic myopathy but the cause in this horse remained unclear.  相似文献   

20.
Ulcerative colitis, protein losing enteropathy and intestinal histoplasmosis-salmonellosis were diagnosed in a six-year-old Quarterhorse stallion. For six months before examination, the horse experienced a slow continual loss of weight. During the 17 day period of hospitalisation the horse developed progressive generalised oedema. On the 12th day of hospitalisation a severe profuse watery diarrhoea began; the horse was killed five days later.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号