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1.
不同氮磷钾配比对马铃薯农艺性状、产量和干物质含量的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
《中国马铃薯》2013,(3):148-152
选用早熟品种‘荷兰15号’原种1代种薯为试验材料,研究了不同氮磷钾配比对马铃薯农艺性状、产量和干物质含量的影响。结果表明:增加茎粗和分枝数可以提高块茎的产量;合理的氮磷钾配比可以显著提高茎粗和增加分枝数,进而增加马铃薯的产量;氮磷钾配比对块茎干物质含量的影响不大;每667 m2施氮(N)14.4 kg、施磷(P2O5)9.6 kg、施钾(K2O)17.6 kg,可以获得较高的马铃薯产量。 相似文献
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密度和肥料对马铃薯‘渝马铃薯3号’主要性状及产量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国马铃薯》2016,(6)
利用L9(34)正交设计,研究密度和氮磷钾肥料因素对‘渝马铃薯3号’主要性状及产量的影响,得出高产栽培最佳模型,为品种推广提供依据。结果表明,‘渝马铃薯3号’正交试验各处理在主茎数、单株块茎数、商品薯数比和商品薯重比4个性状间无明显差异,在株高和单株块茎重间差异明显;密度间、施氮量间株高差异显著或极显著,施磷量和施钾量间株高无显著差异;密度越大,株高越低,氮肥用量越高,株高越高。单株块茎重除密度间差异显著外,氮磷钾因素间均达极显著水平;密度4 000株/667m~2和氮肥用量10 kg/667m~2时的单株块茎重最高;单株块茎重随磷肥用量增加而增加;钾肥用量11 kg/667m~2时单株块茎重最高。‘渝马铃薯3号’高产栽培最佳组合为T5处理,即密度4 000株/667m~2、施氮量10 kg/667m~2、施磷量6 kg/667m~2、施钾量为11 kg/667m~2时,‘渝马铃薯3号’鲜薯产量可达2 508 kg/667m~2。 相似文献
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湖北省高山、二高山区中晚熟鲜食马铃薯新品种评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国马铃薯》2019,(6)
马铃薯在湖北省广泛种植,是重要的粮食、蔬菜和经济作物,优良品种是保证其产业健康发展的先决条件。为筛选出适合湖北高山、二高山地区种植的中晚熟、高产、优质新品种,探讨农艺性状与产量的关系,试验以‘鄂马铃薯5号’为对照,研究8个无性系农艺性状和产量表现,并进一步分析了农艺性状与产量、比重以及商品薯率的关系。结果表明,马铃薯产量与生育期、株高呈极显著正相关,与商品薯率呈显著正相关;各农艺性状对产量、比重和商品薯率的构成影响最大的分别是单薯重、单株块茎数和单薯重;无性系‘HB1105-1’和‘HB1125-1’产量分别为2 034,1 900 kg/667m~2,较对照‘鄂马铃薯5’号分别增产17.6%,9.8%,建议在700 m以上地区大面积示范推广。 相似文献
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为了探讨马铃薯脱毒苗氮磷钾肥的科学配施问题,利用早熟品种‘荷兰15号’脱毒试管苗为试验材料,在温室扦插种植生产原原种。采用单因素随机设计,设计了16个氮磷钾配比组合方式,探讨了氮磷钾配比对马铃薯原原种产量性状(商品薯产量和总产量)、块茎干物质含量和经济系数的影响。通过比较不同氮磷钾配比组合对主要性状的影响,筛选出产量和干物质含量均高且经济系数较高的氮磷钾配比组合1个,即N为16 kg/667 m2、P2O5为11 kg/667 m2、K2O为14 kg/667 m2。 相似文献
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有机水溶肥料与无机肥料配施对马铃薯产量、养分吸收和品质的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
襄阳是湖北省马铃薯主要产区之一,一般冬季播种,春季收获,生育期较短,施肥以一次性施肥为主,肥料施用量较大。为了改变农民施肥习惯,节约肥料资源,提高肥料利用率,根据马铃薯的需肥特性和襄阳地区的土壤肥力状况,提出了推荐施肥以及配施有机水溶性肥料试验。研究了推荐施肥和施用有机水溶性肥料对马铃薯产量、品质以及养分含量等指标的影响,旨在为襄阳地区马铃薯的合理施肥提供理论依据。结果表明:按照推荐施肥量分别为N 180 kg/hm2、P2O590 kg/hm2、K2O 210 kg/hm2,与农民施肥相比马铃薯产量并没有明显差异,但氮磷钾分别减少了340 kg/hm2、150 kg/hm2、15 kg/hm2,表明适量减少肥料用量并不会减低襄阳区马铃薯产量,但是节约了施肥成本。在推荐施肥的条件下,配合施用有机水溶性肥料,马铃薯的产量比推荐施肥处理产量增加10.22%,产投比达9.84,表明配合施用有机水溶肥料能有效提高马铃薯产量,提高经济效益。施用有机水溶性肥料不仅可以提高马铃薯叶绿素含量,促进了植株对养分的吸收,而且能显著改善马铃薯品质,如马铃薯块茎的干物质、淀粉、维生素C、可溶性糖的含量均显著增加。 相似文献
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有机肥和无机肥对马铃薯养分吸收及产量的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《中国马铃薯》2019,(6)
有机肥和无机肥是2种不同的肥料,都可以提高植物和土壤的质量,但是效果不同。为探讨有机、无机肥对土壤、马铃薯养分吸收以及产量的影响,以马铃薯品种‘内薯7号’为试验材料,设置5个施肥处理,即:T1:不施肥(对照),T2:无机肥一次性施入(50 kg/667m~2),T3:无机肥(40 kg/667m~2)+追肥(10 kg/667m~2),T4:有机肥一次性施入(1 500 kg/667m~2),T5:有机肥(1 200 kg/667m~2)+追肥(300 kg/667m~2)。结果表明,有机肥和无机肥均提高了土壤和植株体内的氮磷钾含量,并极显著增加了块茎的产量。且无机肥和有机肥总量不变以基肥和追肥的形式施入要比一次性基肥施入效果更佳。整体表现为无机肥对土壤中氮磷钾含量影响较大,而有机肥则对植株中氮磷钾含量影响较大。研究结果为马铃薯合理施肥提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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对甘薯‘桂粉3号’开展“3414”肥料效应试验,研究不同氮、磷、钾肥配比对甘薯农艺性状以及鲜薯产量的影响,探索出最佳施肥量。结果表明,不同氮磷钾配比对甘薯最长蔓长、单株结薯数和单株大中薯鲜重影响较大,对分枝数、干物率和淀粉率影响较小。在各施肥处理中,处理6的产量最高,增产率达52.44%,处理8的产投比最高,为127.48。在试验地力条件下,推荐的最佳施肥量：为N 101.21 kg/hm2、P(P2O5) 67.22 kg/hm2、K(K2O) 213.09 kg/hm2,可获35 104 kg/hm2的鲜薯产量。 相似文献
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通过对北镇地区氮磷钾不同配比模式对水稻的影响效果进行试验。结果表明,推荐施肥区、习惯施肥与推荐施肥搭配区的产量高于其他处理的水稻产量,肥料利用率高些,增产效果好,经济效益显著。其中以推荐施肥N-14.2、P-7、K-7的配方最佳,但此施肥配方易受土壤条件和气候制约,需因地制宜,予以应用。在生产实际中,氮磷钾肥施用以1/3氮肥、全部磷肥、2/3钾肥做底肥,后期追施2/3氮肥和1/3钾肥为最佳施肥模式,能够达到高产、稳产、高效的目的。 相似文献
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马铃薯测土配方3414肥效田间试验 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
通过马铃薯测土配方施肥肥效田间试验,以便提高马铃薯的单产,增加经济效益。试验采用"3414"完全试验设计。结果表明,在当地条件下,最佳经济施肥量N 6.04 kg/667 m2、P2O52.53 kg/667m2、K2O 9.26 kg/667 m2,最高产量为1 929 kg/667 m2。三要素比例1:0.420:1.533,肥料投入81.61/667 m2元,鲜薯产值1 735元/667 m2,施肥利润为291元/667 m2,投入产出比1:4.57。采用测土配方施肥能增加马铃薯产量,降低施肥成本,提高肥料当季利用率。氮磷钾肥合理配施,有利于增加薯重和结薯个数,增施钾肥能增加大中薯比例,提高马铃薯商品薯率。 相似文献
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民乐县马铃薯氮、磷、钾最佳施肥量及配比试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
试验以马铃薯品种大西洋和尿素、过磷酸钙以及硫酸钾镁肥料为供试材料,采用"3414"田间试验设计,研究氮、磷、钾肥对马铃薯产量的影响。结果表明:氮、磷、钾不同施肥量对马铃薯的经济性状影响不大,对马铃薯产量影响较大,每公顷施N 300 kg、P2O5 150 kg、K2O 150 kg马铃薯的产量最高,产量为51 669 kg/hm2,并根据试验结果得出马铃薯肥料效应方程,计算出马铃薯最佳施肥量和最大施肥量。 相似文献
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马铃薯对氮、磷、钾的吸收及分配规律研究进展 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
马铃薯的生长发育受到很多因素的影响,特别是养分的供应以及马铃薯对养分的吸收、利用,对其块茎的形成、膨大及淀粉积累的影响尤为显著。氮、磷、钾在马铃薯生长发育中需要量大,必须加以补充,才能满足其正常生长需求。生产上不合理的施肥,导致马铃薯产量不高、品质较差及生产成本增高。通过分析马铃薯不同生育阶段、不同器官吸收养分的特征和分配规律,从而探索马铃薯生产中最佳的氮、磷、钾施肥组合,这对于丰富马铃薯栽培生理理论和指导生产中氮、磷、钾肥合理配施均具有重要的现实意义。 相似文献
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Netted Gem potatoes were grown at four levels of N, three of P, and two of K fertilizer in metal lysimeters protected from rain by an automatic shelter. The first two increments of N fertilizer, 200 and 400lb/acre (224 and 448 kg/ha), successively increased yields by increasing the number of tubers produced. The first increment also increased the average tuber weight. With 800 lb N/acre (896 kg N/ha), tuber yield and grade of potatoes were reduced from those of the 400-lb/acre (448-kg/ha) treatment becuase the average weight per tuber was reduced. P fertilizer increased yield by increasing the average tuber weight. The increased yield due to N and P fertilizers was almost entirely in the form of Canada No. 1 potatoes. K fertilizer did not affect number or weight of tubers in this high-K soil. 相似文献
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Nitrogen fertilizer efficiencies on potatoes 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Dale T. Westermann Gale E. Kleinkopf Lynn K. Porter 《American Journal of Potato Research》1988,65(7):377-386
Nitrogen fertilizer efficiencies must be known to successfully apply N fertilizer according to crop growth needs. The objective of this study was to determine the recovery, partitioning, and translocation of N fertilizer applied at different times for potato production. Russet Burbank potatoes were fertilized preplant with15N-depleted ammonium sulfate, and during early and late tuber growth with urea containing K15NO3 in 1978 or (15NH2)2CO in 1980. All N applications increased tuber yields above the control treatments. The N recovery efficiency was 60% for the preplant N application, and over 80% and near 60% for the N applications during tuber growth in 1978 and 1980, respectively. Good agreement was found between the isotope and difference methods of determining N recovery efficiencies. Labeled N was initially concentrated in the stems and leaves, particularly if applied during tuber growth. Over 80% of the assimilated, labeled nitrogen was found in the tubers at the start of plant maturation. These data indicate that a significant improvement in N fertilizer efficiency would result from split N fertilizer applications made according to crop growth needs. 相似文献
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To identify the most important agronomic measures and cultivar traits in Swedish organic potato production, multivariate analyses were performed on a set of data from a series of field trials carried out in Sweden during a 7-year period. The effects of soil parameters, cultivar, year and geographical location on potato characteristics were investigated. Soil parameters including fertility level had strong and significant effects on potato characteristics, explaining 53% of total variation. Variables related to the duration of haulm growth were other dominant factors in the variation. While P and K fertilization increased yields, N fertilization had little effect on yield and a negative effect on the time to emergence. The N requirement of potatoes ranges from 2.5 to 5.9 kg ha?1 per ton of tuber yield and was met in these trials. The results implied the timing of N application is important for yield. It was concluded that the importance of P and K fertilization is underestimated in organic production, and that the most important cultivar trait in achieving acceptable yield is long-lasting foliage, which is a characteristic of cultivars resistant to Phytophthora infestans. Three of the cultivars tested (Lady Balfour, Cicero and Sarpo Mira) had a yield >3.5 kg m?2, which is high in Swedish organic production. 相似文献
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马铃薯平衡施肥及钾肥效应研究 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
在甘肃高海拔干旱区采用马铃薯高产栽培技术和平衡施肥技术,马铃薯产量为35 350 kg.hm-2,超过当地平均产量1.2倍,配施钾肥马铃薯可增产16.7～2 916.7 kg.hm-2,增幅0.1%～9.0%,每千克K2O可增收马铃薯0.2～19.4 kg,增产增收效益好。施钾后马铃薯薯块数增加29.3%,薯块重增加7.7%,增产以增加穴薯为主,其次是增加薯块重,同时马铃薯品质也有较大改善。试验表明,在施入适量有机肥和氮磷基础上,高产高效的K2O用量为150 kg.hm-2。 相似文献
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氮肥基追肥比例对马铃薯微型薯生产的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨马铃薯微型薯合理的氮肥施肥方式,以‘早大白’马铃薯脱毒试管苗为材料,在温室内进行了氮肥不同基施和追施比例对马铃薯微型薯生产影响的试验。结果表明:在施氮肥量为纯氮105 kg/hm2条件下,单株结薯方面,基追比为5:2时,单株结薯最多,全部做基肥的处理,单株结薯最低;单粒重方面,基追比为2:1时,单粒重最大,全部追肥的处理最低。可见氮肥基施和追施配合有利于提高单株结薯率及平均单粒重。因此,微型薯生产重视氮肥基施同时配合追施比较符合移栽的试管苗对氮肥的吸收规律。 相似文献
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B. J. Zebarth W. J. Arsenault J. B. Sanderson 《American Journal of Potato Research》2006,83(4):289-296
The effect of seedpiece spacing on the efficiency of nitrogen (N) use by the potato crop is generally unknown. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of seedpiece spacing on tuber yield, yield components and N use efficiency parameters of two potato cultivars. Potato cultivars Atlantic and Shepody were grown at two rates of N fertilization (0 or 100 kg N ha?1) and three seedpiece spacings (20, 30, or 40 cm) in 2000 to 2002. Wider seedpiece spacing increased mean tuber weight and the number of tubers per stem, but decreased total tuber yield. The higher tuber yield at the narrow seedpiece spacing was attributed to higher biomass production in combination with lower tuber specific gravity. Seedpiece spacing had no consistent effect on plant N accumulation, and therefore no consistent effect on N uptake efficiency (plant N accumulation /N supply from the soil plus fertilizer). However, a small increase in soil NO3-N concentration in the hill at topkill at wider seedpiece spacing suggested plant N accumulation was slightly reduced at wider seedpiece spacing, but at a level that could not be detected from a plant-based measure of N accumulation. The reduced dry matter accumulation, but similar plant N accumulation, resulted in lower N use efficiency (plant dry matter accumulation / N supply) at wider seedpiece spacing. Wider seedpiece spacing also resulted in generally lower values of N utilization efficiency (plant dry matter accumulation / plant N accumulation) for the 40-cm compared with the 20- and 30-cm seedpiece spacings. Effects of seedpiece spacing on N use efficiency parameters were generally consistent across cultivars and fertilizer N rates. Wider seedpiece spacing did reduce the efficiency of N use by the potato crop; however, the magnitude of the effect was small under the conditions of this study. 相似文献