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1.
本研究应用测交原理，在果蝇特定突变种生活力测定的基础上，对果蝇紫眼（Ｐｒ）位点和残超（Ｖｇ）位点间的连锁交换率进行了测定。实验结果表明，在相斥相和相引相中，Ｐｒ和Ｖｇ两个基因位点之间的交换率分别为γＲ＝１２．４６％，γＣ＝１１．５９％，其平均值γ＝１２．０３％，是本实验室条件下紫眼和残翅基因位点间的交换率。这一研究结果是家畜连锁性状固定的育种进度研究中，果蝇模拟实验必须之参数。 相似文献
2.
大通家牦牛和含野血牦牛红细胞钾型的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用火焰光度法对１０９头大通家牦牛，１１０头１／４野血牦牛和９３头１／２野血牦牛的红细胞四型进行了研究，结果表明：（１）大通家牦牛，１／４和１／２野血牺牦牛都有ＨＫ和ＬＫ两种表型，以ＨＫ型为优势表型；（２）３个牦牛群体Ｋ和Ｋ基因频率分别为０．０５１８，０．０５１３，０．０５５３和０．９４８２，０．９４８７，０．９４４７；（３）３个群体的基因分化系数为０．０００５０，表明导入野牦牛血对大通牦牛红细胞 相似文献
3.
互助县杂种黄牛红细胞钾型的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
根据青海省互助县４０头杂种黄牛的红细胞钾（ＥＫ）浓度分别为高钾（ＨＫ）和低钾（ＬＫ）两种表型，其中ＬＫ型占３５头（８７．５％）为优势表型。ＬＫ型杂种黄牛的ＥＫ浓度为８．９～３０．１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ＨＫ型的为４５．８～７５．３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，等位基因频率Ｋ＾ｈ＝０．３５３６，Ｋ＾Ｌ＝０．６４６４。 相似文献
4.
日粮类型和羊草细度对肉牛瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸比例及能量转化效率的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
用装有瘤胃瘘管和真胃瘘管的肥育阉牛,按完全拉丁方设计,连续定点消化道食糜采样,用ＫＢ－１型自控大型呼吸测热室测定能量平衡和氮平衡。结果表明,４种不同加工细度羊草,在维持饲养水平（１Ｍ）下的ＤＥ／ＧＥ,ＭＥ／ＤＥ,ＨＰ／ＭＥ,Ｋｍ,ＶＦＡ总量,乙酸：丙酸比例等的组间差异均不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）,代谢能转化为维持净能效率（Ｋｍ）平均为６５．６９％（Ｃ．Ｖ＝０．８８％）;１．３Ｍ饲养水平的各种能量参数,４组间的差异亦均不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）,代谢能转化为增重净能效率（Ｋｆ）平均３３．９２％（Ｃ．Ｖ＝１．８６％）。４种不同精料：羊草比例的日粮,在维持饲养水平下,ＣＨ４（ＫＪ）／ＤＥ（ＫＪ）＝０．０７３８＋０．０６１５（ＮＤＦ／ＯＭ）,ｒ＝０．８９２８,Ｋｍ＝６０．８６５１＋０．３３０４（丙酸ｍｏｌ／１００ｍｏｌＶＦＡ）,ｒ＝０．９９５５;在１．５Ｍ下,ＨＰ／ＭＥ＝１４．３８３８＋０．７８０５（乙酸ｍｏｌ／１００ｍｏｌＶＦＡ）,ｒ＝０．９９０３,Ｋｆ＝２２．９６９７＋０．６０２２（丙酸ｍｏｌ／１００ｍｏｌＶＦＡ）,ｒ＝０．９９８１,或Ｋｆ＝５７．２２６５－０．３８１７（ＮＤＦ／ＯＭ）,ｒ＝－０．９９８７。 相似文献
5.
硬秆仲彬草〔Ｋｅｎｇｙｉｌｉａｒｉｇｉｄｕｌａ（ｋｅｎｇ）Ｊ．Ｌ．Ｙａｎｇ,ＹｅｎｅｔＢａｕｍ〕是分布于我国西部的一种多年生六倍体植物。将其与犬草〔Ｅｌｙｍｕｓｃａｎｉｎｕｓ（Ｌ．）Ｌ．,２ｎ＝２８,ＳＳＨＨ〕、鹅观草（ＲｏｅｇｎｅｒｉａｋａｍｏｊｉＯｈｗｉ,２ｎ＝４２,ＳＳＨＨＹＹ）、糙毛仲彬草〔Ｋ．ｈｉｒｓｕｔａ（Ｋｅｎｇ）Ｊ．Ｌ．Ｙａｎｇ,ＹｅｎｅｔＢａｕｍ,２ｎ＝４２,ＰＰＳＳＹＹ〕３个种进行了杂交,对亲本及杂种Ｆ１代花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体配对行为进行了观察。减数分裂平均构型分别为：Ｅ．ｃａｎｉｎｕｓ×Ｋ．ｒｉｇｉｄｕｌａ２４．０８Ⅰ＋５．２８Ⅱ＋０．１２Ⅲ;Ｒ．ｋａｍｏｊｉ×Ｋ．ｒｉｇｉｄｕｌａ１７．２２Ⅰ＋１１．８１Ⅱ＋０．２８Ⅲ＋０．０８Ⅳ;Ｋ．ｒｉｇｉｄｕｌａ×Ｋ．ｈｉｒｓｕｔａ４．３２Ⅰ＋１７．４５Ⅱ＋０．５８Ⅲ＋０．２１Ⅳ＋０．０４Ⅴ。根据以上结果,结合种的形态特征,硬秆仲彬草从鹅观草属（ＲｏｅｇｎｅｒｉａＣ．Ｋｏｃｈ）拟冰草组（ＰａｒａｇｒｏｐｙｒｏｎＫｅｎｇ）中组合到仲彬草属（ＫｅｎｇｙｉｌｉａＹｅｎｅｔＹａｎｇ）是正确的。 相似文献
6.
天山马鹿清原品系产茸量遗传标记的研究 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
本文是把天山马鹿清原品系的部分生物信使指标作为产茸的标记性状进行了研究。结果表明,清原品系马鹿血浆８项生物信使指标在各锯别间具有一定波动,Ｔ３、Ｔ４、ｃＡＭＰ、ＡＫＰｓ活力与鲜茸重呈显著正相关（ｒ＝０．８６６９、ｒ＝０．８３５、ｒ＝０．８３４９、ｒ＝０．９８０１）,ＡＫＰ同工酶快型个体的平均产茸量均高于慢型个体;该试验还建立了预测产茸量的线性多元回归方程。 相似文献
7.
荒漠草地四种灌木单株生物量估测方法 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了砾石荒漠草地下松叶猪毛菜，合头草，中亚木紫菀，和琵琶柴的形体特征与产量的关系，建立了估算四种灌木生物量的回归公式：松叶猪毛菜：ｙ＝－５３．２６２６＋２．３５５Ｘ１＋０．９０６２Ｘ２＋０．５６０６Ｘ３，合头草：ｙ＝－１７．８２２８＋０．９２２６Ｘ１＋０．３９６５Ｘ２＋１．０５３１Ｘ３，中亚木紫菀：ｙ＝－１７．２３５６＋０．７３３９Ｘ１＋０．４０６８Ｘ２＋０．７０３４Ｘ３，琵琶柴：ｙ＝－２１．３ 相似文献
8.
几种添加剂组合饲喂鲤鱼效果研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将２７０尾一冬龄健康建鲤随机分成９组，选用均匀设计Ｕ８（８５），通过３０天的试验，研究基础日粮的２％添加剂成分甲基睾丸酮Ｘ１、甲状腺素Ｘ２、甜菜碱Ｘ３、柠檬酸Ｘ４的最佳组合。结果表明：添加成分与增重率呈显著回归关系：Ｙ＝７．７９１７＋０．９０６２Ｘ－０．３２Ｘ２Ｘ３＋４．３９７９×１０（－６）Ｘ３Ｘ４其拟合度Ｒ２＝０．９０６２，经格点网络筛选，最优组合为Ｘ１＝６，Ｘ２＝０．００４，Ｘ３＝４０００，Ｘ４＝３７００。其增重率为１００．３９％，该结果比试验最优方案Ⅱ的增重率高３３．１５％。方案Ⅱ与对照组比较：增重率提高４１．９８％。饵料系数降低０．７４，鱼体单位增重成本降低０．９６元／ｋｇ。 相似文献
9.
本文论述了塞北兔几个繁殖性状简化选择指数的制订，其塞北兔简化选择指数的公式如下：Ｉ＝４．０５４６Ｐ１＋０．０１９ＩＰ２＋０．０４３９Ｐ３公式中，Ｉ为简化选择指数，Ｐ_１、Ｐ_２、Ｐ_３分别为窝产仔数、泌乳力、断奶个体重，４．０５４６、０．０１９１、０．０４３９分别为三个繁殖性状的系数值。通过使用算图的方法，可大大简化计算指数的程序，且详细说明了算图的制作方法。 相似文献
10.
沙打旺种带真菌——环境,致病力及防治 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：10
对来自江苏、内蒙古、河南和河北等四省（区）的沙打旺种子进行了健康检验；测定了细交链孢子和多主枝孢对沙打旺种子和幼苗的致病力；评价了甲基托布津浸种和菲醌拌和防治沙打旺种带真菌的效果。结果表明，种子产地９－１１月的湿润度与种子带菌率显著正相关，ｒ＾２＝０．９８７，二者的关系可用ｙ＝－１７．０＋２７．３ｘ表示：种了带菌率和混杂于种子间的植株残体带菌率分别与了发芽率呈显著负相关，ｒ＾２分别为０．９８７和０ 相似文献
11.
Brucella species lacking the major outer membrane protein Omp25 are attenuated in mice and protect against Brucella melitensis and Brucella ovis 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
To aid in the development of novel efficacious vaccines against brucellosis, Omp25 was examined as a potential candidate. To determine the role of Omp25 in virulence, mutants were created with Brucella abortus (BA25), Brucella melitensis (BM25), and Brucella ovis (BO25) which contain disruptions in the omp25 gene (Deltaomp25 mutants). Western immunoblot analysis and PCR verified that the Omp25 protein was not expressed and that the omp25 gene was disrupted in each strain. BALB/c mice infected with B. abortus BA25 or B. melitensis BM25 showed a significant decrease in mean CFU/spleen at 18 and 4 weeks post-infection, respectively, when compared to the virulent parental strain (P<0.05, n=5). Mice infected with B. ovis BO25 had significantly lower mean CFU/spleen counts from 1 to 8 weeks post-infection, at which point the mutant was cleared from the spleens (P<0.01, n=5). Murine vaccination with either BM25 or the current caprine vaccine B. melitensis strain Rev. 1 resulted in more than a 2log(10) reduction in bacterial load following challenge with virulent B. melitensis (P<0.01, n=5). Vaccination of mice with the B. ovis mutant resulted in clearance of the challenge strain and provided 2.5log(10) greater protection against virulent B. ovis than vaccine strain Rev. 1. Based on these data, the B. melitensis and B. ovis Deltaomp25 mutants are interesting vaccine candidates that are currently under study in our laboratory for their safety and efficacy in small ruminants. 相似文献
12.
高生俊 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2005,35(5):22-22
选用本地小尾寒羊60只,随机分为试验1组、试验2组、对照组3组,每组20只.试验1组在饲喂基础日粮中每只添加“牛羊壮”20g;试验2组在同等条件下,每只添加“牛羊肥”20g;对照组只喂基础日粮.试验表明,在试验期间,试验1组比试验2组平均多增重3.55kg,试验1组比试验2组经济效益多增28.98元. 相似文献
13.
O bjectives : To compare the results of urine and plasma ketone dip test in a group of diabetic cats with possible ketosis or ketoacidosis, using laboratory plasma β-hydroxybutyrate measurements as the gold standard.
M ethods : According to clinical examinations, plasma β-hydroxybutyrate measurements and venous blood gas analysis, 54 cats with diabetes mellitus were classified as non-ketotic (n=3), ketotic (n=40) or ketoacidotic (n=11). Plasma and urine acetoacetate concentrations were determined using urine reagent strips.
R esults : Although there was a significant positive correlation between blood and urine ketone measurements (r=0·695, P<0·001), the results differed significantly (Z=−3·494, P<0·001). Using the differential positive rates, the best cut-off value to detect cats with ketoacidosis was 1·5 mmol/l for urine and 4 mmol/l for plasma. The sensitivity/specificity was 82/95 per cent for urine and 100/88 per cent for plasma, respectively.
C linical S ignificance : The urine and plasma ketone dip tests have a different diagnostic accuracy, and results have to be interpreted differently. Because of its high sensitivity, the plasma ketone dip test performs better than the urine ketone dip test to identify cats with impending or established ketoacidosis. 相似文献
M ethods : According to clinical examinations, plasma β-hydroxybutyrate measurements and venous blood gas analysis, 54 cats with diabetes mellitus were classified as non-ketotic (n=3), ketotic (n=40) or ketoacidotic (n=11). Plasma and urine acetoacetate concentrations were determined using urine reagent strips.
R esults : Although there was a significant positive correlation between blood and urine ketone measurements (r=0·695, P<0·001), the results differed significantly (Z=−3·494, P<0·001). Using the differential positive rates, the best cut-off value to detect cats with ketoacidosis was 1·5 mmol/l for urine and 4 mmol/l for plasma. The sensitivity/specificity was 82/95 per cent for urine and 100/88 per cent for plasma, respectively.
C linical S ignificance : The urine and plasma ketone dip tests have a different diagnostic accuracy, and results have to be interpreted differently. Because of its high sensitivity, the plasma ketone dip test performs better than the urine ketone dip test to identify cats with impending or established ketoacidosis. 相似文献
14.
Bellamy JE 《Veterinary parasitology》2004,126(1-2):235-248
A laboratory quality assurance (QA) program can minimize errors and provide confidence in the validity of laboratory test results. The structure of a QA program varies somewhat among laboratories but usually requires addressing a QA manual, QA goals, quality of resources, standard operating procedures, internal quality control, and external QA procedures. This paper reviews these general components and discusses some of the more particular QA considerations specific to filtration, immunomagnetic separation (IMS), immunofluorescence microscopy (FA), vital dye staining, differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy, and molecular methods, which are involved in the detection and enumeration of Cryptosporidium oocysts. 相似文献
15.
Three strip test kits which measure calcium and/or magnesium in mares' mammary secretions were compared and assessed for their accuracy in:- 1) measuring these electrolytes compared to standard laboratory measurements, and 2) predicting the time of parturition. Daily samples of mammary secretions were obtained pre-partum from 35 Thoroughbred mares and allocated a score. Measurement of mammary secretion calcium and/or magnesium by the strip tests and laboratory methods correlated significantly (P less than 0.001). The results obtained for prediction of parturition were analysed by two methods. Method i) indicated that the majority of mares had a maximum score on the day of birth. However, the second method of analysis included all prepartum scores and this demonstrated that maximum scores occurred on more occasions prior to the day of birth than on the day of birth itself. The number of nights spent attending mares, and the percentage of occasions when foaling was missed, were also calculated for given strip test scores. The results indicate that the test kits are not particularly accurate in predicting time of parturition although they are a reliable means of measuring mammary secretion calcium and/or magnesium. It is suggested that the test kits may be more helpful by indicating when it is not necessary to attend mares at night. 相似文献
16.
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed in our laboratory and used to determine the seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in three different dog populations in Belgium: healthy dogs from cattle farms and urban dogs with or without various neurological disorders. The test was validated and compared with two other tests: an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and a commercially available competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA). The study showed a good correlation between the IFAT and the ELISA developed. When the two tests were compared with the C-ELISA, moderate positive and negative agreement indices were observed. Using our ELISA and the IFAT techniques, a high prevalence was found in farm dogs. This result showed that the neurological symptoms are not usually associated with the Neospora infection. In conclusion, the ELISA developed in our laboratory could replace the IFAT for the screening of a large number of dogs' sera. 相似文献
17.
Using tuberculin (purified protein derivative) as the test antigen, 29 dogs with different vaccination histories were tested with the lymphocyte transformation (LT) assay, the indirect agarose leukocyte migration inhibition (LMI) assay, and the skin test for delayed type hypersensitivity. All three tests were done simultaneously on each dog. The LT assay results were found to correlate well (r = 0.88) with the skin test results, whereas LMI results were found to correlate poorly (r = 0.55) with the skin test results. It was concluded that the LT assay is a more reliable measure of cell mediated immunity in the dog than is the LMI assay. 相似文献
18.
Staufenbiel R Ahmed MM Baumgartner W Gelfert CC 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2007,114(6):225-230
In this prospective study the impact of fatty liver and an impaired liver function on the treatment outcome of displacement of the abomasum (DA) was investigated. In a yearlong period, all cows suffering from DA submitted to the clinic were included in this study. All cows were clinically examined before surgery and a serum sample was taken to measure the following parameters: ASAT, bilirubin, urea. Liver biopsy was performed in all cows. Liver fat content was measured gravimetrically and concentrations of triglycerides were measured using a commercial test kit. Reposition of DA was done using the method by Dirksen. A total of 365 cows with DA entered the study, 326 (89.3%) suffered from LDA and 39 (10.7%) from RDA. RDA-cows had significantly (p = 0.002) more days in milk than LDA-cows. RDA-cows had significantly (p < 0.001) higher urea concentrations than LDA-cows. Bilirubin concentrations (p = 0.008) and liver fat content, triglyceride concentrations and the ratio of triglycerides to fat (TRI/FAT) (p < 0.001) were significantly higher in LDA-cows. The majority of LDA-cows showed at least a mild fatty liver. Comparing the cows with successful and failed treatment showed that ASAT-activity (p = 0.021), bilirubin concentration (p = 0.001), triglyceride concentration in liver and TRI/FAT (all p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the unsuccessfully treated cows. In RDA cows, significant differences between successfully and unsuccessfully treated cows were only seen in urea concentration (p = 0.004). ROC-analysis was performed to determine whether any parameter is suitable for a prediction of treatment outcome. In RDA-cows no threshold value was traceable for urea concentration. In LDA cows, TRI/FAT showed the best curve progression. The threshold value of 53.5 % had a sensitivity of 0.720 and a specificity of 0.700. LDA-cows exceeding this threshold had a 2.4 higher risk of an unsuccessful treatment. Due to the good overall treatment success (92.3 %) the positive predictive value for an unsuccessful or ineffective treatment was 0.368 only. The results of our study clearly show that impaired liver function plays an important role in the outcome of treatment of LDA but not RDA. In spite of this no laboratory parameter provides sufficient power to make a predictive statement of treatment outcome. 相似文献
19.
为了比较临床中常用的猪伪狂犬病诊断方法的检测效果,试验采用常规方法对猪伪狂犬病毒进行不同浓度梯度的稀释,分别通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR)、葡萄球菌A蛋白-酶联免疫吸附试验(SPA-ELISA)、琼脂扩散试验(GDT)3种方法对猪伪狂犬病毒进行检测,并对各种方法的敏感性、可重复性、经济性、简便性进行综合分析。结果表明:SPA-ELISA法和PCR法的灵敏度都远远高于GDT法,并且二者的敏感性相当;PCR法和SPA-ELISA法适用于实验室对PRV的确诊;GDT法所耗费的材料较少、经济、操作简便,适合于临床大规模的检测和初次检测猪伪狂犬病毒的存在。 相似文献
20.
We have characterized the cell surface properties of three mutant series of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that show various defects in their lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core region. The deepest rough mutants of each series used in this study lacked completely rhamnose and glucose, and contained only galactosamine and alanine as LPS outer core constituents. However, rough mutants other than the deepest rough mutants showed high cell surface hydrophobicity compared to the corresponding parental strains, the deepest rough mutants showed less hydrophobicity than other rough mutants. The reactivity of an anti-lipid A monoclonal antibody with the deepest rough mutants was markedly higher than that with other counterparts. The deepest rough mutants tended to be more susceptible to antibiotics, such as gentamicin and polymyxin B, than the corresponding parental strains and other rough mutants. The above evidence indicates that neutral sugar, namely rhamnose and glucose, residues of the LPS outer core region play a critical role in the cell surface properties of P. aeruginosa. 相似文献