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试验表明:5.8%双氟·唑嘧磺悬浮剂(麦喜)10mL/667m2、20%氯氟吡氧乙酸乳油(使它隆)20mL/667m2 10%苯磺隆可湿性粉剂10g/667m2、20%氯氟吡氧乙酸乳油(使它隆)20mL/667m2 75%苯磺隆干悬浮剂(巨星)1g/667m2对小麦田阔叶杂草(猪殃殃、播娘蒿、荠菜)药后45d防效均在83.4%~89.8%之间,可以有效控制麦田阔叶杂草。几种除草剂对荠菜、播娘蒿的防效相当,对猪殃殃的防效,以5.8%双氟·唑嘧磺悬浮剂(麦喜)处理的最好,以75%苯磺隆干悬浮剂(巨星)处理的最差。 相似文献
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试验表明:5.8%双氟·唑嘧磺悬浮剂(麦喜)10mL/1667m^2、20%氯氟吡氧乙酸乳油(使它隆)20mL/667m^2+10%苯磺隆可湿性粉剂10g/66m^2、20%氯氟吡氧乙酸乳油(使它隆)20mL/667m^2+75%苯磺隆干悬浮剂(巨星)1g/667m^2对小麦田阔叶杂草(猪殃殃、播娘蒿、荠菜)药后45d防效均在83.4%~89.8%之间,可以有效控制麦田阔叶杂草.几种除草剂对荠菜、播娘蒿的防效相当,对猪殃殃的防效,以5.8%双氟·唑嘧磺悬浮剂(麦喜)处理的最好,以75%苯磺隆干悬浮剂(巨星)处理的最差. 相似文献
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《杂草科学》2015,(3)
研究不同剂量40%氰草津悬浮剂+75%苯磺隆水分散粒剂对豫南稻麦茬区小麦田杂草的防效。结果表明:40%氰草津悬浮剂1 200~1 800 g/hm~2+75%苯磺隆32.1~48.0 g/hm~2处理对卷耳的株防效均达100%;40%氰草津悬浮剂1 500~1 800 g/hm~2+75%苯磺隆39.9~48.0 g/hm~2处理对猪殃殃、婆婆纳、荠菜的株防效达90%以上,显著高于75%苯磺隆水分散粒剂和40%氰草津悬浮剂单剂处理对麦田杂草的防效;两者混用对看麦娘有一定的兼治效果。说明40%氰草津悬浮剂+75%苯磺隆水分散粒剂对小麦田阔叶杂草具有优异的防效,对单子叶杂草也有一定的防效。 相似文献
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引进9.5%丙嗪嘧磺隆悬浮剂防除移栽水稻田杂草,设计3个药剂处理:一是先做封闭处理,再使用9.5%丙嗪嘧磺隆悬浮剂;二是每667 m~2用9.5%丙嗪嘧磺隆悬浮剂55 mL+53%苯噻·苄可湿性粉剂80 g混用;三是每667 m~2用9.5%丙嗪嘧磺隆悬浮剂55 mL(单用)。再用常规药剂做对照。试验结果表明,9.5%丙嗪嘧磺隆悬浮剂能有效防除水稻田阔叶杂草和禾本科杂草,可作为水稻田二次施药的常规药剂,且可与其他农药混用。 相似文献
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为了便于基层技术人员和广大农民迅速掌握麦田化学除草技术,我们在搞好调查试验、大面积示范推广的基础上,制定了《济南地区麦田化学除草应用技术操作规程》。经执行,证明该“规程”简便易行、可操作性强,防除杂草效果明显,达 90%以上, 取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益。现将该“规程”公布如下: 1应用药剂 巨星 75%干悬浮剂 (下称巨星,美国杜邦公司 ); 10%苯磺隆可湿性粉剂 (下称苯磺隆,河北省张家口市宣化农药厂 ); 72% 2, 4-滴丁酯乳油 (下称 2, 4-滴丁酯,黑龙江省佳木斯农药厂 )。 2防除对象 济南地区麦田杂草,主… 相似文献
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通过田间药效试验,正确评价重庆中帮药业有限公司生产的75%苯磺隆干悬浮剂对小麦田间阔叶类杂草的防治效果及其对小麦生长的安全性,筛选适宜于生产的安全、经济有效剂量,为农药登记提供可靠依据. 相似文献
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红花苗后除草剂筛选及安全性评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本研究通过室内盆栽和田间试验相结合的方法筛选出对红花苗后安全且对阔叶杂草防效好的除草剂。室内盆栽试验从12种除草剂中初步筛选出30%草除灵SC、50 g/L双氟磺草胺SC、15%噻吩磺隆WP、12%砜嘧磺隆OD 4种对红花较为安全的除草剂。田间验证试验评估了它们对红花的安全性和除草效果,得出15%噻吩磺隆WP有效剂量36 g/hm~2对红花生长安全,且对红花田阔叶杂草防效最好。在田间验证试验的基础上,继续进行田间剂量优化试验确定合适的施用剂量范围,试验结果表明15%噻吩磺隆WP有效剂量27~36 g/hm~2对红花安全,株高抑制率小于15%,同时对田间阔叶杂草防效好。因此,红花田苗后除草可选用15%噻吩磺隆WP,推荐有效成分使用剂量27~36 g/hm~2;该药剂具有重要的应用前景。 相似文献
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草甘膦铵盐在苎麻田的残留及消解动态 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
建立了简单、灵敏的土壤及苎麻中草甘膦残留量的气相色谱检测方法。土壤样品用0.01 mol/L 的氢氧化钠水溶液提取,其他样品用水和丙酮提取,经阴离子交换柱(AG1-X8)净化,与原乙酸三甲酯(TMOA)和冰醋酸反应,用气相色谱带火焰光度检测器(FPD)检测,外标法定量。结果表明:当草甘膦在麻蔸和土壤中的添加水平在0.05~1 mg/kg时,添加回收率分别为 73.6%~102.6% 和85.9% ~105.1%,相对标准偏差分别为2.3% ~8.1% 和5.4% ~13.0%。草甘膦的最小检出量(LOD)为0.5×10-10 g,在麻蔸中的最低检测浓度(LOQ)为0.05 mg/kg。2年3地的残留试验结果表明:草甘膦铵盐在湖南省、广西壮族自治区及福建省土壤中的半衰期分别为1.6~2.6 d,1.0~1.8 d和1.1~1.5 d。无论是在高浓度处理区 还是在低浓度处理区 ,苎麻收获时(距施药60 d),土壤和麻蔸样品中均未检出草甘膦铵盐。 相似文献
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Ficld bean (Vicia fab a L. cv. Maris Bead) was susceptible both to simazine and dimefuron applied to the root system in culture solution at concentrations of 0–5 and above. Pea (Pisum satirum L. cv. Kelvedon Wonder). however, exhibited significantly greater tolerance them field bean to dimefuron between concentrations of 0.5 and 1.0. The Hill activity of isolated chloroplasts from pea was more sensitive to dimefuron than that from field bean qualitative (autoradiography) and quantitative experiments dcmonstrated that root-applied 14C dimefuron was more readily transported to the shoot system in bean than in pea. A double-pot experiment revealed that the effective site of uptake by the field bean is the root system: foliar uptake of 14C-dimefuron was shown, but little movement of label from the treated leaf oceurred. Adsorption of dimefuron on a calcareous loam soil was relatively low. It is concluded that fieltolerance exhibited by field bean to pre-emergence applications of dimefuron is due principally to depth protection: in pea. retention in the root provides an additional basis iS for tolerance. 相似文献
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耕作地表土块状况及其对近地表风场的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
为深入理解非可蚀性土块吸收风能、降低侵蚀力的机制,利用野外风速资料,对半干旱区农田传统耕作模式下犁耕、耙耱及抹平等的地表土块大小、土壤表面粗糙度、近地表风速及空气动力学特征进行了研究。结果表明,犁耕后农田土块长、宽、高均在15 cm以上,盖度为27.67%,耙耱、抹平后土块大小和盖度显著降低,抹平地表土块盖度仅为2.13%;土块的破碎导致土壤表面粗糙度降低,近地表风速增大;与犁耕地表比较,耙耱后土壤表面粗糙度降低34%~64%,抹平后降低幅度甚至在90%以上;耙耱抹平后地表以上0.5 m高度内风速显著增大,空气动力学粗糙度由1.1 cm降低至0.05 cm,侵蚀力增强。因此认为,合理选择犁耕、耙耱和抹平的时间对农田风蚀防治有实际意义。 相似文献
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Johnson Stanley Subramanian Chandrasekaran Gnanadhas Preetha Sasthakutty Kuttalam 《Pest management science》2010,66(5):505-510
BACKGROUND: Cardamom, an important spice crop often attacked by many insect pests, is controlled mainly using synthetic insecticides. As honey bees play a vital role in pollination in cardamom, the impact of insecticides on honey bees needs to be explored to assess its safety. RESULTS: Risk assessment based on contact toxicity revealed diafenthiuron to be a non‐selective insecticide to bees with a low selectivity ratio (the ratio between the LD50 for beneficial and pest species). A dose of diafenthiuron that killed 90% of cardamom borer, Conogethes punctiferalis Guenee, was found to kill 100% of Indian bees. Based on the hazard ratio (the ratio between the field‐recommended dose and the LD50 for the beneficial), diafenthiuron was found to be slightly to moderately toxic to bees. Diafenthiuron, even at low concentrations of LC1 (the concentration that killed 1% of bees), was found to affect the foraging and homing behaviour of Indian bees. Of bees fed with 30 µg mL?1 of diafenthiuron, 40% were found missing on the third day after exposure. However, diafenthiuron did not affect bee visits to the cardamom fields. CONCLUSION: Diafenthiuron is more highly toxic to Apis cerana indica F. than to C. punctiferalis by contact, using selectivity ratio and probit substitution methods of risk assessment, but the hazard ratio revealed diafenthiuron to be a slightly to moderately toxic chemical. Diafenthiuron was found to affect the foraging and homing behaviour of bees at sublethal concentrations. Thus, sublethal effects are more relevant in risk assessment than lethal and acute effects. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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农田生态系统生物多样性与害虫综合治理 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
本文评述了农田生态系统中生物多样性的概念及其与害虫发生的关系;探讨了农田生态系统中生物多样性影响害虫发生的生态机制,农田生态系统中生物多样性在害虫综合治理中的作用;提出了利用生物多样性进行害虫综合治理的策略和措施。 相似文献
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