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1.
AIM: To examine the alteration of pathologic structure and gaseous molecules in rats with pulmonary hypertension induced by high pulmonary blood flow.METHODS: Aortocaval shunting was produced for 11 weeks in rats, and pulmonary hemodynamics was evaluated.Pulmonary vascular micro- and ultra- structure was also examined.Meanwhile,the concentration of plasma nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) was measured by spectrophotometry.The expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in pulmonary arteries was detected by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: After 11- week aortocaval shunting,pulmonary artery mean pressure was significantly increased.Muscularization of small pulmonary vessels and relative medial thickness and area of pulmonary arteries were obviously increased in shunting rats compared with controls.Ultrastructure of intrapulmonary arteries changed obviously in shunting rats.Meanwhile,plasma NO concentration was increased and eNOS expression in pulmonary artery endothelial cells was significantly augmented in rats of shunting group.Plasma carbon monoxide level and HO-1 expression in puomonary artery smooth muscle cells,however,were not altered in shunting rats.CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary vascular structural remodeling is the important pathologic basis of pulmonary hypertension induced by a left-to-right shunt,and NO other than CO might play an important regulating role in the development of high pulmonary blood flow-induced pulmonary hypertension.  相似文献   

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4.
AIM:To study the role and the mechanism of heme oxygenas/endogenous carbon monoxide on nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide system in rats with pulmonary hypertension induced by hypoxic hypercapnia.METHODS:Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (A group), hypoxic hypercapnic group (B group), hypoxic hypercapnia+hemin group (C group). Blood CO concentration (COHb%), NO concentration, HO-1 activity, iNOS, cNOS in blood serum and lung homogenate were measured, respectively. RESULTS:① mPAP and RV/(LV+S) of B group were significantly higher than those of A and C group(P＜0.01).② Blood CO concentration, activity of HO-1in blood serum and lung homogenate in rats of B group were significantly higher than those of A group, but were significantly lower than those of C group (P＜0.01). ③ NO concentration in blood serum and lung homogenate in rats of B group were significantly lower than those of A group, those of C group were significantly higher than those of B group (P＜0.01).④The activity of iNOS in blood serum and lung homogenate in rats of B group were significantly higher than those of A group, but were significantly lower than those of C group (P＜0.01). Activity of cNOS in blood serum and lung homogenate of B group were significantly lower than those of A group (P＜0.01), and there was no significant difference between cNOS in B and C group.CONCLUSION:Endogenous carbon monoxide upregulated iNOS/NO system in rats with chronic pulmonary hypertension induced by hypoxic hypercapnia.  相似文献   

5.
AIM: To study effect of endogenous carbon monoxide on intracellular calcium concentration and explore the mechanism in brain protection of endogenous CO in focal cerebral ischemia in rats. METHODS: SD rats were divided into three groups randomly, which including hemin, ZnPP group and saline group as control. Respectively saline, hemin, ZnPP were injected intra-peritoneally twelve hours before middle cerebral artery was occluded. Twenty four hours after MCAO model was set up, the concentration of carbon monoxide in blood and intracellular calcium in neural cells was examined. RESULTS: Contrast to saline group, the concentration of CO in blood rose up while intracellular calcium in occluded side decreased in hemin group; the concentration of CO in blood went down while intracellular calcium in occluded side rose up in ZnPP group, there was significant difference among them (P<0.05). Hemin and ZnPP had no effect on intracellular calcium in non-occluded sides (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It may be one of mechanisms on brain protection in ischemic cerebral tissue that carbon monoxide affected intracellular calcium concentration of neural cells by regulating Ca2+-K+ channel on cell membrane as a messenger gaseous molecular and neurotransmitter.  相似文献   

6.
AIM: To study the effect of exogenous carbon monoxide on rat intestine attacked by LPS. METHODS: The experimental rats were divided into 6 groups randomly: normal group, lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 5 mg/kg) group, CO inhalation (250 mL/M3) group, CO intraperitoneal injection (2 mL/kg) group, LPS (LPS 5 mg/kg) with CO inhalation (250 mL/M3) group and LPS (LPS 5 mg/kg) with CO intraperitoneal injection (2 mL/kg) group. The PaO2, PaCO2, SO2 and COHb were monitored. Rat intestine malondialdehyde (MDA) with thiobarbitric acid (TBA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) with hydroxylamine were detected and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mRNA expression were checked by RT-PCR. RESULTS: Low concentration of CO inhalation (250 mL/M3) and CO intraperitoneal injection (2 mL/kg) did not cause the rat hypoxia. Compared to control group, exposure exogenous CO, the MDA content in LPS attacked rat intestine decreased, the SOD activity and the expression of HO-1 mRNA increased. CONCLUSIONS: Low concentration of CO inhalation (250 mL/M3) and low dose CO intraperitoneal injection (2 mL/kg) are safe to rat. Exposure exogenous CO protects rat intestine against LPS attack, induces the HO-1 mRNA expression and exerts anti-inflammation via endogenous CO.  相似文献   

7.
Endogenous carbon monoxide (CO) is proposed to be an intracellular signaling molecule. As a new gaseous messenger, CO shares with nitric oxide (NO) the ability of modulating neuroendocrine function and inducing vasorelaxation, mainly by stimulating soluble guanylate cyclase and regulating the level of cGMP. This review emphasized the endogenous source of CO and the interaction of CO- and NO-generating systems. It also discussed the biological effects of CO and the underlying mechanisms.  相似文献   

8.
AIM: To investigate the effect of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)/carbon monoxide (CO) system on restenosis of carotid artery after balloon angioplasty.METHODS: Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group given normal chow (C group), sham group(Sh group), 1.5% cholesterol diet group (Ch group), 1.5% cholesterol diet plus hemin group(Hm group)and zinc protoporphyrin IX group(Zn group).The experiment lasted for 10 weeks. At the beginning of the 3rd week, the animals in Ch group, Hm group and Zn group underwent balloon injury at one side of common carotid artery.RESULTS: Compared with those in C group, the production of arterial nitric oxide (NO) and activity of constructive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) were significantly decreased, while CO production and HO-1 expression were significantly increased (all P<0.01) in Ch group. Compared with those in Ch group, the arterial CO production and HO-1 expression in Hm group were markedly increased, while the expression of endothelin-1 (ET-1), the intimal area and the ratio of intimal area/medial area(I/M) were distinctly reduced. Compared with those in Ch group, the arterial CO production and HO-1 expression in Zn group were obviously decreased, while the expression of ET-1, the intima area and the ratio of I/M were significantly increased.CONCLUSION: The HO-1/CO system improves the endothelium function and restrains neointimal proliferation by compensating and regulating NOS/NO system and lowering ET-1 expression so as to inhibit the restenosis.  相似文献   

9.
类番茄茄与番茄属间有性杂交的研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  
用类番茄茄与番茄属的 9个种进行有性杂交 ,通过人工离体胚培养获得栽培番茄‘粤农二号’×类番茄茄的F1植株。杂种近于不育。用栽培番茄、类番茄茄、野生番茄及(栽培番茄×野生番茄 )与之回交及杂交 ,获得与栽培番茄的回交子一代及与秘鲁番茄、多腺番茄、潘那利番茄、粤农二号×秘鲁番茄F1的杂种 ,但它们的能育性很低。用栽培番茄、野生番茄与它们再回交及杂交 ,未能得到与栽培番茄的二次回交子一代 ,只获得 (粤农二号×类番茄茄 )× (粤农二号×秘鲁番茄 )的F1与秘鲁番茄、多腺番茄的复合杂种。人工苗期接种黄瓜花叶病毒 (CMV)结果表明 ,类番茄茄及其与番茄属的远缘杂种对CMV有较强的抗性。  相似文献   

10.
AIM: To investigate the effect of endogenous and exogenous carbon monoxide on the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells under anoxic condition. METHODS: Primary culture of rat PASMCs were passed every 3 days, the 3-5 passages were used. PASMCs were divided into 5 groups, cultured under normoxia and hypoxia and treated with HO inducer hemin, CO scavenger bovine hemoglobin (Hb) and exogenous carbon monoxide (CO), respectively. After 48 hours incubation under the conditions mentioned above, the following assay were carried out: 1) the MTT colorimetric assay and immunocytochemical staining were used to study the energy metabolism and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in PASMCs. 2) flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle of PASMCs. RESULTS: In comparison with the control group, the value of MTT colorimetric assay was higher, the immunocytochemical staining of PCNA was stronger and the percentages of PASMCs in S and G2M phases in the anoxia group were higher (P＜0.01). After treatment with hemin and CO, the above indexes were decreased (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05). But treatment with Hb made the above indexes increased (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05). CONCLUSION: The endogenous CO suppress the proliferation of PASMC in an autocrine way. Both the induction of endogenous CO by hemin and the treatment with exogenous CO could suppress the rat PASMCs' proliferation under anoxic condition.  相似文献   

11.
AIM:To study the alterations of heme oxygenase-1 mRNA in vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC) induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and the role of heme oxygenase(HO)/carbon monoxide(CO)pathway in the disorders of regulation of cardiovascular system by LPS. METHODS: LPS (final concentrations 10 mg/L,30 mg/L and 50 mg/L) was added in cultured VSMCs for 6 h respectively or 10 mg/L LPS for 9 h and 18 h. MDA content, LDH release and the rate of trypan blue uptake of VSMC were measured. HO-1 mRNA expression was examined by Northern Blot. RESULTS:VSMC HO-1 mRNA expression was increased gradually with the increasing of LPS concentration. When final concentration of LPS was 50 mg/L, the HO-1 mRNA expression of VSMC was increased by 176.7% compared with control. When LPS final concentration was 10 mg/L, the HO-1 mRNA expression increased gradually along with the culture time. When cultured for 18 h, the HO-1 mRNA expression of VSMC was increased by 195.6% compared with control. Only at LPS 50 mg/L for 6 h and 10 mg/L for 18 h, the rate of trypan blue uptake,MDA content and LDH release were significantly increased. CONCLUSION: LPS can induce the HO-1 mRNA expression of VSMC and that were dose-dependent and time-dependent. The inducible HO may play an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular system under LPS.  相似文献   

12.
AIM:To evaluate the effect of carbon monoxide(CO) on the permeability of brain blood barrier(BBB) in cerebral ischemic rats. METHODS:SD rats were divided into three groups. Saline, hemin or ZnPP were injected intraperitoneally 12 h before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), respectively. The concentration of blood CO and the permeability of BBB at 24 h after MCAO were measured. RESULTS:The CO concentration in blood in hemin group was higher than that in saline group(P＜0.01), but those in ZnPP group was lower than that in saline group(P＜0.01). In infracted regions, the permeability of BBB in hemin group was lower than that in saline group, and those in ZnPP group was higher than that in saline group (P＜0.05). There was no significant changes in BBB permeability among hemin, ZnPP and saline groups in noninfarcted side(P＞0.05). CONCLUSION:CO reduced the permeability of BBB as a messenger gas molecular when its intrinsic concentration was elevated.  相似文献   

13.
AIM: To observe the effect of extracorporeal cycle membrane oxygenation (ECMO3) treatment on rabbit model of acute carbon monoxide poisoning(ACOP) and to discuss its curative effect and security on ACOP. METHODS: The New Zeland white rabbits with single intraperitoneal injection of 99.99% carbon monoxide (CO) at dose of 200 mL/kg were used for modeling of ACOP. The ACOP rabbits were randomly divided into ozone membrane oxygenation treatment group (ECMO3 group), veil oxygen absorption group (FIO2 group) and comparison group (ACOP group, without any treatment). The normal rabbits (without ACOP and treatment) served as negative controls (control group). The changes of the vital signs of the animals were observed. The concentration of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), the saturation of blood oxygen (SO2) and the base excess in whole blood (BE-B) in the rabbits were also determined. RESULTS: In ECMO3 group and FIO2 group, the breathing frequencies and heart rates of the rabbits were obviously lower than those in ACOP group (P<0.01). The values of COHb, SO2 and BE-B were improved, and a significant difference was found in the tendency with the time changed (P<0.05). COHb in the rabbits of ECMO3 group was lower than that in FIO2 group and ACOP group (F=42.799, P<0.01). The SO2 of the rabbits in ACOP group was lower than that in FIO2 group and ECMO3 group (F=55.080, P<0.01). The effect of ECMO3 on ACOP was better than that in single veil oxygen absorption group. CONCLUSION: ECMO3 effectively reduces the concentration of COHb, increases SO2, and corrects the acidosis with good security, indicating that a new therapeutic application may be provided by the way of ECMO3 for treating carbon monoxide intoxication.  相似文献   

14.
AIM:To investigate the change of heme oxygenase (HO)-carbon monoxide (CO)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway in vascular calcification, to clarify the cellular and molecular mechanimsm in vascular calcification.METHODS:Vascular calcification model was established in rats by using vitamin D3 and nicotine. The relative content of HO-1 mRNA, immunochemistry (IH) for HO-1, HO activity, HbCO formation and content of cGMP in aorta were measured.RESULTS:Compared to those of control rats, the HO-1 mRNA level in vessels of rats in VDN group(vascular calcification group) were decreased by 34.9% (P＜0.05);expression of HO-1 protein were decreased too, there were trace positive staining of HO-1 in the endothelium, and no obvious immunoreactivity in the medial layer;HO-1 activity was decreased by 60.6% (P＜0.01), CO concentration was decreased by 53.9% (P＜0.01) and cGMP content was decreased by 77.1% (P＜0.01) in vessels of rats in VDN group.CONCLUSION:There were obvious down regulation in HO-CO-cGMP pathway in calcified vessels.  相似文献   

15.
AIM:To study the effect of carbon monoxide (CO) on hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α) expression and on hypoxic tolerance duration in hypoxia preconditioned mice. METHODS:Mice were injected with normal saline (NS) or hemin intraperitoneally. Western blot was used to detect HIF-1α in hippocampus. The tolerant duration of each hypoxic run was recorded. RESULTS:After 1 and 2 runs of hypoxia exposure, there were no significant differences in HIF-1α expression and hypoxic tolerance duration between N and hemin injection groups. After 3 and 4 runs of hypoxia exposure, the content of HIF-1α was lower and hypoxic tolerance duration was shorter (P＜0.05) in hemin injection groups than that in NS injection groups. CONCLUSION:CO could decrease the expression of HIF-1α, and decrease hypoxic tolerance duration in hypoxia preconditioned mice. The mechanism may be that CO binds to hemoprotein and inhibits hemoprotein oxygen sensor.  相似文献   

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17.
AIM: To study the mechanism of protective effect of exogenous carbon monoxide (CO) in the lung injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion (IR) of hind limbs in rats. METHODS: Thirty-two SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, control+CO, IR and IR+CO. A rat model of ischemia in hind limbs and the reperfusion lung injury was made. The rats in IR+CO and control+CO groups were exposed to air containing 2.5×10-8 CO for 1 h before reperfusion or the corresponding control time point, while the other two groups were exposed to the routine air. The lung tissue structure, polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) count, wet-to-dry weight ratio (W/D), malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the animal survival rate were observed. The carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels in artery blood were detected with CO-oximeter and the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the lung was detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: Compared to control, the animal mortality, lung PMNs number, W/D, MDA content and ICAM-1 expression were all significantly increased in IR group. Compared with the IR group, the blood COHb level was significantly increased and the animal mortality, lung PMNs number, W/D, MDA content and ICAM-1 expression were all significantly decreased in IR+CO group. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that exogenous CO attenuate limb IR-induced lung injury by down-regulatiny ICAM-1 expression and suppressing PMN sequestration in the lung following limb IR in rats.  相似文献   

18.
AIM: To investigate the effect of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)/carbon monoxide (CO) system on pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury (PIRI) in rabbits. METHODS: Single lung ischemia and reperfusion animal model was used in vivo. The rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (n=10 in each), control group (C), PIR group (I-R), PIR+ hemin group (H) and PIR+zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP) group (Z). Changes of several parameters which included plasma carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) at different time points, wet to dry ratio of lung tissue weight (W/D), the injured alveoli rate (IAR) and the HO-1 enzymatic activity were measured at 180 min after reperfusion in lung tissue. The tissue slides were also stained by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) for HO-1 to detect the expression of HO-1 in lung and to analyze the optical density. The lung tissue was prepared for electron microscopic observation at 180 min after reperfusion. RESULTS: The plasma content of COHb in I-R, H, and Z group increased in a time-dependent manner after I-R. But the increment of H group was higher than that of I-R group, while that of Z group was lower. The HO-1 activity in lung tissue was highest in H group, followed by IR group, Z group, and C group (P<0.05 and P<0.01). Except C group, HO-1 was upregulated in all other groups in the pulmonary endothelial cells, part of pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells, extima of vessels and epithelial cells of airway. H group had the highest average optical density value, then the IR group, Z group and C group (P<0.05 and P<0.01). The value of W/D and IAR was highest in Z group, the second was in IR group, then the H group and C group (P<0.05 and P<0.01). The abnormal changes of the lung tissue in morphology in I-R group, Hemin treatment mitigated the injury of I-R in H group and ZnPP exacerbated the impairment of ultrastructure in Z group were also observed. CONCLUSION: HO-1/CO system possesses notable protective effects on lung during pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbits.  相似文献   

19.
基于开路式土壤碳通量测量系统和静态箱法对酿酒葡萄园和鲜食葡萄园的碳通量进行全年观测,观测结果表明:开路式土壤碳通量测量系统和静态箱法均能观测到施肥、翻耕或降水后引起CO2的剧烈排放,施肥后高水平排放通常持续7 d左右,峰值一般在第3到5天时出现;在对葡萄园的土壤CO2通量观测中,2种方法测得结果一致性较好,开路式土壤碳通量测量系统测得结果普遍高于静态箱法结果,不同季节存在8.30%到387.41%的差异,差值大小随通量降低而增高;在全年观测中,春季累计排放通量最大,随季节更替逐渐降低。葡萄园CO2排放主要集中于春、夏2季,其土壤CO2排放量占全年总排放量额75%以上。开路式土壤碳通量测量系统观测结果与静态箱法观测结果趋势一致性较好,2种方法在对葡萄园土壤CO2通量观测中均取得良好的效果。因此,开路式土壤碳通量测量系统的观测结果具有可信性,而开路式土壤碳通量测量系统具有操作简便,自动化程度高,可直接获得观测数据的优点,较静态箱法有一定改进和提高。  相似文献   

20.
一氧化碳对切花月季瓶插寿命和抗氧化代谢的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
 研究了不同浓度(0.001、0.01和0.1μmol·L - 1 ) 的外源一氧化碳(CO) 供体高铁血红素(Hematin, H) 对切花月季‘影星’的瓶插寿命和抗氧化代谢的影响。结果表明, 与对照相比, CO供体在0.001～0.01μmol·L - 1范围内, 随使用浓度的提高延长了切花月季的瓶插寿命, 其中0.01μmol·L - 1处理效果最明显, 而0.1μmol·L - 1的处理反而缩短切花月季的瓶插寿命。进一步研究发现, H 0.01μmol·L - 1处理还不同程度地上调前期过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性, 显著降低MDA含量。  相似文献   

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