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2020年11月28~29日,由中国工作犬管理协会会员单位云南昆明安宁何跃犬业有限公司主办的"第二届KM服从防卫比赛"在昆明举办。来自全国5个省份的86头次犬参加了此次服从、护卫比赛的角逐,此次参赛犬种包括昆明犬、马里努阿犬、德国牧羊犬、罗威纳犬和杜伯文犬等。经过两天激烈的比赛,分别决出服从比赛前五名、防卫比赛前五名和综合成绩前五名。 相似文献
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昆明犬、德国牧羊犬、马里努阿犬、罗威纳犬和杜伯文犬是中国广泛使用的警用纯种犬品种,后四个品种也是世界各国常用的警用纯种犬品种,同时都属于中型犬品种,它们之间有什么遗传背景,有何渊源,对于品种利用和改良、新品种培育都是很重要的课题。 相似文献
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山东华威曲阜市鑫安护卫犬业有限公司(以下简称:鑫安犬业)是中国工作犬管理协会会员单位.该公司隶属于山东华威保安集团的控股子公司,于2007年8月正式成立,坐落于山东省曲阜市王庄开发区,基地拥有齐全的工作犬训练专用器械和经验丰富的专业训导员,现有各类工作犬70余头,品种包括德国牧羊犬、马里努阿犬、拉布拉多犬、史宾格犬、罗威纳犬等,主要用于血迹搜索、气味追踪、气味鉴别、搜毒搜爆、巡逻护卫、治安防范等工作. 相似文献
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杜伯文犬起源于德国Thuerelngen(图林根州)的Apolda(阿波达尔村),F.L杜伯文培育了这种勇敢的护卫犬,目的是在他收税的时候得到保护。大约1870年,他让多种好斗犬种进行交配,包括当地的黑色间棕褐色牧羊犬、德国品捷犬、德国牧羊犬、法国狼犬以及罗威纳犬,结果培育了警觉的杜伯文犬。1910年建立了杜伯文犬标准。该犬种气质高贵,活泼、勇敢、警觉、精力充沛,对陌生人特别警觉,传统上用于护卫作业。在查阅外国训练资料和向国内同行学习借鉴的基础上,笔者及三名同事,从2005年8月起分别接训了分属3窝的3头10月龄,1头4月龄的杜伯文犬,经过近半年… 相似文献
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杜伯文犬原产于德国的阿波尔达,早期多用于保护人身安全。它混和了德国牧羊犬、罗威纳犬、黑色牧羊犬、棕黄色牧羊犬、德国品捷犬、波赛隆牧羊犬和灵提等品种的血缘。该品种犬活泼、勇敢、警惕、精力充沛,常用于击退凶猛的野兽。1910年建立了它的品种特征。笔者对某地12头二月龄内的杜伯文仔犬特性进行了认真细致的观察和总结,由于样本少,未作深层的研究分析,归纳的以下特性仅供参考。 相似文献
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杜伯文犬是1890年左右起源于德国图林根州的阿波尔达，由德国人DOBER．MEN培育而成，推测起来是在大丹犬、德国牧羊犬、罗威纳犬和德国品捷犬之间杂交，可能还引进了波赛隆牧羊犬和灵缇的血源。它特点明显，品质优良，身体结实而聪明，在各方面与德国牧羊犬差别较大。关于杜伯文犬的训练在国内尚不普及，有关杜伯文犬训练和使用材料甚少。笔者自1999年至2001年间共训练杜伯文犬两头，它们分别为“奥卡斯” 相似文献
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《中国工作犬业》2007,(12):55-56
以下犬只已在我会申请犬籍注册并获得“犬籍注册登记证书”:犬名豆豆特瑞能加奇奇道风红牛小虎Ayarvomjianianhua小虎贝贝Arhuavombisheng乌斯Appovombisheng卡尔海伦AryivombishangAifingvombisheng蒙斯Filouvomhausmontblang绿草-贝莉Moda尼康宝宝巴顿菲菲多尼(Doni)阿力阿黄AigervombishengChloe巴黎蒙娜Aabivomjianianhua呼噜旺旺Ayyavombisheng叮叮大卫Pijou来福品种京巴犬杂交犬波音达犬哈士奇波音达犬松狮犬德国牧羊犬罗威纳犬德国牧羊犬甲斐犬罗威纳犬德国牧羊犬罗威纳犬德国牧羊犬罗威纳犬罗威纳犬罗威纳犬德国牧羊犬罗威纳… 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: To develop an assay to measure canine von Willebrand factor (vWF):collagen-binding activity (CBA) to screen for type 2 von Willebrand disease (vWD) in dogs. SAMPLE POPULATION: 293 plasma samples submitted for analysis of canine vWF antigen (vWF:Ag) and 12 control plasma samples from dogs with inherited type 2 or 3 vWD. PROCEDURE: Bovine collagens were evaluated for suitability as binding substrate for vWF. Assay sensitivity to depletion, proteolytic degradation, or a genetic deficiency of high-molecular-weight vWF were determined. Amounts of vWF:Ag and vWF:CBA were measured. The ratio of vWF:Ag to vWF:CBA was used to discriminate between type 1 and type 2 vWD. RESULTS: An assay for canine vWF activity was developed by use of mixed collagen (types I and III). When vWF:Ag was used to subtype vWD, 48% of the dogs were classified as clinically normal, 9% as indeterminate, and 43% as type 1 vWD. Inclusion of vWF activity resulted in reclassification of 5% of those identified as type 1 to type 2 vWD. However, vWF:CBA of the reclassified dogs was not persistently abnormal, a finding compatible with acquired type 2 vWD. Some Doberman Pinschers had lower antigen-to-activity ratios than other breeds with type 1 vWD, suggesting that Doberman Pinschers have more functional circulating vWF. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Analysis of canine vWF activity should be included among the vWF-specific assays used to confirm type 2 vWD. The prevalence of inherited forms of type 2 vWD in screened dogs is lower than acquired forms that can result secondary to underlying disease. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of desmopressin (DDAVP) administration in Doberman Pinschers with type 1 von Willebrand disease (vWD) on plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimers through determination of vWF collagen binding activity (vWF:CBA; a functional vWF assay dependent on the presence of high-molecular-weight [HMWI multimers), comparison of vWF antigen concentration (vWF:Ag) to vWF:CBA, and vWF multimer size distribution. ANIMALS: 16 Doberman Pinschers with type 1 vWD and 5 clinically normal control dogs. PROCEDURE: Plasma vWF:Ag and vWF:CBA assays and vWF multimer analysis were performed before and 1 hour after administration of DDAVP (1 microg/kg, SC). RESULTS: Following DDAVP administration, dogs with type 1 vWD had an increase in mean baseline values of plasma vWF:Ag and vWF:CBA from 10% to 17% for both variables. The mean vWF Ag:CBA ratio at baseline (0.95) was similar after DDAVP administration (0.97), indicating concordant increases in plasma vWF concentration and activity. In control dogs, mean plasma vWF:Ag and vWF:CBA increased from baseline values of 64% to 113% and 58% to 114%, respectively, and the vWF Ag:CBA ratios were unchanged (1.1 vs 1.0) after DDAVP administration. Plasma vWF multimer analysis revealed proportional increases in band intensity for all multimer sizes following DDAVP administration, in comparison to baseline for the control dogs and Doberman Pinschers with vWD, consistent with vWF Ag:CBA ratios of approximately 1. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Beneficial effects of DDAVP on primary hemostasis in Doberman Pinschers with type 1 vWD cannot be explained by preferential increases in HMW vWF multimers. 相似文献
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M Brooks W J Dodds S L Raymond 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1992,200(8):1123-1127
During a study period from 1985 through 1988, plasma von Willebrand's factor antigen (vWF:Ag) concentration was measured as a marker for prevalence of the von Willebrand's disease (vWD) trait in Doberman Pinschers (doberman, n = 5,554), Scottish Terriers (scottie, n = 1,363), and Shetland Sheepdogs (sheltie, n = 4,279). Significant increase in prevalence of the trait was seen in scotties and shelties during this period. In 1988, 73% of dobermans, 30% of scotties, and 28% of shelties tested had abnormal vWF:Ag concentration (less than 50% vWF:Ag). We found significant differences between breeds with respect to age and vWF:Ag concentration of clinically affected dogs at time of diagnosis. The affected dobermans were older (doberman mean age, 4.6 years; scottie mean age, 1.7 years; sheltie mean age, 1.9 years) and had higher concentration of plasma vWF:Ag (doberman mean vWF:Ag, 15%; scottie mean vWF:Ag, 0%; sheltie mean vWF:Ag, 8%). Bleeding in affected dogs of all 3 breeds was observed predominantly from mucosal surfaces and from cutaneous sites of surgery or trauma. The most common site of mucosal bleeding in scotties and shelties was oral or nasal cavity, and in dobermans was the urogenital tract. Differences in clinical manifestations of vWD in purebred dogs may reflect heterogeneous defects within the vWF gene, causing a variety of abnormalities in production, structure, and function of vWF protein. Analogous to vWD in human beings, acquired deficiencies of vWF may also contribute to the clinical variability of vWD in dogs. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: To determine the mode of inheritance of von Willebrand's disease (vWD) and perform linkage analysis between vWD and coat color or narcolepsy in a colony of Doberman Pinschers. ANIMALS: 159 Doberman Pinschers. PROCEDURE: von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag) concentration was measured by use of ELISA, and results were used to classify dogs as having low (< 20%), intermediate (20 to 65%), or high (> 65%) vWF:Ag concentration, compared with results of analysis of standard pooled plasma. Buccal bleeding time was measured, and mode of inheritance of vWD was assessed by pedigree analysis. RESULTS: von Willebrand's disease was transmitted as a single autosomal gene defect. Results suggested that 27.04% of dogs were homozygous for vWD, 62.26% were heterozygous, and 10.69% did not have the defect. Most homozygous and some heterozygous dogs had prolonged bleeding times. Dogs with diluted coat colors (blue and fawn) were significantly overrepresented in the homozygous group, compared with black and red dogs, but a significant link between vWD and coat color was not detected. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: von Willebrand's disease is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait with variable penetrance; most dogs in this colony (89.3%) were carriers of vWD. Homozygosity for vWD is not likely to be lethal. Some heterozygous dogs have prolonged bleeding times. An association between diluted coat colors and vWD may exist. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate primary hemostasis following administration of desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) to Doberman Pinschers with type-1 von Willebrand disease (vWD). ANIMALS: 16 nonanemic Doberman Pinschers with type-1 vWD. PROCEDURE: Closure time (CT), defined as time required for occlusion of an aperture by a platelet plug assessed within the point-of-care instrument, plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) concentration, and buccal mucosal bleeding time (BMBT) were determined before and 1 hour after administration of DDAVP (1 microg/kg, SC). RESULTS: Baseline closure times measured with adenosine diphosphate ([ADP-CT], 108 to > 300 seconds; reference range, 52 to 86 seconds) and epinephrine ([EPI-CT], 285 to > 300 seconds; 97 to 225 seconds) as platelet agonists were prolonged in all dogs. Following DDAVP administration, ADP-CT (59 to 186 seconds) was significantly shortened from baseline, but there was no decrease in EPI-CT. Although mean plasma vWF concentration increased significantly after DDAVP administration, only 1 dog had an increase of > 35 U/dL. There was no correlation between increase in plasma vWF concentration and shortening of the ADP-CT. Baseline BMBT was prolonged in 12 of 14 dogs, with significant shortening of BMBT after DDAVP administration in 6 of 7 dogs. In vitro replacement of vWF-deficient plasma with plasma from an unaffected dog shortened the ADP-CT whereas in vitro addition of DDAVP had no effect. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Administration of DDAVP to Doberman Pinschers with type-1 vWD resulted in improved hemostatic function, as assessed by the point-of-care instrument and shortening of BMBT, despite minimal increase in plasma vWF concentration. 相似文献
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Clinical and laboratory features of a severe form of von Willebrand disease in Shetland sheepdogs 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
S L Raymond D W Jones M B Brooks W J Dodds 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1990,197(10):1342-1346
Ten clinically affected Shetland Sheepdogs were evaluated to define their severe bleeding diathesis and were determined to have von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag) values less than 0.1% by ELISA assay. The virtual absence of vWF protein by ELISA assay and on multimeric analysis was diagnostic of either homozygosity or probable double heterozygosity for the canine von Willebrand disease (vWD) gene. Clinically affected dogs have type-III vWD and are the offspring of 2 heterozygous parents carrying type-I vWD. Twenty-three percent (1,428 dogs) of the more than 6,000 Shetland Sheepdogs screened for vWD at our facility since 1982 tested within the heterozygous carrier range for the common type-I form of this inherited disorder. Veterinarians and breeders should be aware of the potential for bleeding associated with elective and medical procedures in Shetland Sheepdogs and should use caution when breeding carriers of vWD because of the risk of producing clinically affected offspring with severe type-III vWD. 相似文献
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Mutation causing von Willebrand's disease in Scottish Terriers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Venta PJ Li J Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V Brewer GJ Schall WD 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2000,14(1):10-19
Von Willebrand's Disease (vWD) in the Scottish Terrier breed is a serious, often fatal, hereditary bleeding disorder. Elimination of the mutated gene by selective breeding is an important goal for the health of this breed. Although the standard protein-based tests are accurate for identification of affected Scottish Terriers, they are not reliable for the identification of carriers of the mutant gene unless multiple replicate assays are performed. A simple, highly accurate test for carriers of the disease is needed so that veterinarians can counsel clients on which animals to use in their breeding programs. The complete coding region of von Willebrand factor (vWF) complementary DNA (cDNA) was sequenced from an affected animal, and a single base deletion in the codon for amino acid 85 of the prepro-vWF cDNA that leads to Scottish Terrier vWD was identified. A highly accurate polymerase chain reaction assay was developed that can distinguish homozygous normal animals from those that are homozygous affected or heterozygous. In a voluntary survey of 87 animals provided by Scottish Terrier owners, 15 were carriers and 4 were affected with vWD, 2 of which had previously been shown to have undetectable vWF. The determination of the complete canine vWF cDNA sequence should facilitate the identification of additional vWD alleles in other breeds and other species. 相似文献
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Stokol T Parry BW Mansell PD 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1995,24(3):81-90
This study was conducted to determine the relationship between factor VIII (FVIII) activity and von Willebrand factor antigen (vWf:Ag) concentration in canine von Willebrand Disease (vWD). In addition, the clinical utility of measuring FVIII activity in vWD was assessed. This was performed by the concurrent analysis of both FVIII activity and vWf:Ag concentration in three breeds of dogs, namely Dobermans (n=183), Scottish Terriers (n=169), and Labrador Retrievers (n=146). In the three breeds tested, linear regression analysis illustrated a positive relationship between FVIII activity and vWf:Ag concentration. This was reaffirmed in the Doberman and Scottish Terrier breeds, in which dogs with vWf:Ag concentrations < 50 CU/dL ("carriers") had lower median FVIII activities than dogs with vWf:Ag concentrations > 70 CU/dL ("normals"). The determination of various FVIII "cut-off" values was a poor test to separate Dobermans with and without clinical signs of hemorrhage attributable to vWD. In addition, the occurrence of hemorrhage in Dobermans with vWf:Ag concentrations < 50 CU/dL was not influenced by the FVIII activity. Various tests were performed to determine if the measurement of FVIII activity aided in the identification of "carriers" of the vWD gene in the Doberman and Scottish Terrier breeds. These included the use of optimal FVIII "cut-off" values for each breed and a FVIII "cut-off" value of 55 CU/dL; FVIII/vWf:Ag ratios and FVIII/vWf:Ag ratio "cut-off" values; and linear regression analysis of vWf:Ag concentration against FVIII activity. Of all these tests, only the determination of FVIII/vWf:Ag ratios appeared to have promise for "carrier" detection. The data in the present study indicated that routine FVIII assessment in vWD is not warranted; however, measurement of FVIII activity may be of use in confirming the "carrier" status of vWD. 相似文献
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CRS Mattoso RK Takahira SL Beier JP Araujo Jr JE Corrente 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(3):416-422
Plasmatic concentrations of von Willebrand Factor (vWF) increase during pregnancy in humans and dogs; however the mechanism of such increase is still not well defined. The aims of this study were: (i) to evaluate changes in vWF concentration during pregnancy and during the subsequent oestrous cycle in bitches affected and unaffected by von Willebrand Disease (vWD); (ii) to correlate the vWF levels and cortisol levels in both groups. Seven vWD affected (GI) and nine unaffected (GII) bitches were used. The animals were assessed during pregnancy, parturition, lactation and non‐gestational oestrous cycle in 11 moments (Pregnancy 1, Pregnancy 2, Parturition, Lactation 1, Lactation 2, Lactation 3, Anestrus, Proestrus, Oestrus, Diestrus 1, and Diestrus 2). The following tests were performed; measurement of von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag), albumin and cortisol. In both groups, vWF concentration remained stable during the non‐gestational oestrous cycle, but increased during pregnancy, with the highest value observed at parturition. Increases of 70% and 124% in vWF were seen in GI and GII, respectively, compared to anestrus. No correlation was found between vWF and cortisol. Values of vWF:Ag changed during pregnancy, with a peak at parturition, both in vWD affected and unaffected animals. Values of vWF were not altered in the different phases of the oestrous cycle following pregnancy in both groups. Evaluation of vWF during pregnancy can cause false negative results for vWD, but assessment can be performed at any point in the oestrous cycle of non‐pregnant bitches. 相似文献
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Kramer JW Venta PJ Klein SR Cao Y Schall WD Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V 《Veterinary pathology》2004,41(3):221-228
Heritable, type-2 von Willebrand's disease (vWD) was studied in a line of German Shorthaired Pointers (GSPs) in which some members had a nucleotide variant in exon 28 of the von Willebrand factor (VWF) gene. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnostic test for the nucleotide variant was developed to establish the disorder's mode of inheritance and to eliminate it from the line. Thirty-six of the 49 GSPs in the line, 14 unrelated GSP controls, and 71 unrelated dogs of various breeds were tested for the presence of the variant nucleotide. All the dogs with a vWF antigen deficiency (<70% of normal) were either homozygous or heterozygous for the nucleotide variant. The variant was not located in any tested dog in the line or outside of the line with a vWF antigen value greater than 68%. Of the GSPs in the line tested, two were homozygous for the variant, 15 were heterozygous, and 19 were variant free. The collective evidence of this and other studies is consistent with the variant nucleotide being the cause of the type-2 vWD in this line of GSPs and German Wirehaired Pointers. The PCR diagnostic test for the variant nucleotide was successfully used to select and produce progeny that were variant free and vWD free. This test should be effective in the subsequent elimination of this same variant from other lines of dogs. 相似文献