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小麦叶片氮含量与冠层反射光谱指数的定量关系 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
本文以3种蛋白质类型的小麦品种在不同施氮水平下的3年田间试验为基础,研究了小麦叶片氮含量与冠层反射光谱的定量关系。结果显示,不同试验中拔节后叶片氮含量均随施氮水平呈上升趋势,同时冠层光谱反射率在不同施氮水平下存在明显差异。对于低、中、高籽粒蛋白质含量的品种,叶片氮含量与冠层反射光谱的归一化植被指数NDVI (1 220, 710)和红边位置均有密切的定量关系,决定系数在0.80左右。对于不同品质类型小麦品种,均可利用统一的回归方程描述其叶片氮含量随反射光谱参数的变化,对于低蛋白类型品种,采用单独的回归系数即可提高叶片氮含量估测的准确性。本研究确立的小麦叶片氮含量与冠层反射光谱的定量关系可用于不同的小麦品种、生育时期和施氮水平,为小麦氮素营养的监测诊断与精确施肥等提供理论依据和技术途径。 相似文献
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基于多视角反射光谱的冬小麦冠层叶片氮素营养监测研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过2个蛋白质含量不同的冬小麦品种和4个氮素水平的试验,研究传感器在垂直冬小麦垄平面上,冠层不同观测角度的反射光谱与叶片氮素营养的关系,改进小麦冠层氮素光谱诊断的理论与方法。结果表明,在本试验选择的7种植被指数光谱特征参量中,2个小麦品种均表现为比值植被指数(RVI[670,890])与冠层叶片氮素含量(CLNC)相关性最高;不同视角的RVI与冠层叶片氮素含量关系中,0°、30°和90°的相关性最高;利用0°、30°和90°的RVI与CLNC进行模型拟合,其模型的决定系数是0°﹥30°﹥90°;在建立的0°模型中,京411小麦模型RMSE为0.2915,预测准确率为90.2%,中优9507模型RMSE为0.3827,预测准确率为87.2%。本研究证明改变反射光谱观测角度,能够提高冠层叶片氮素含量的光谱预测精度,不同小麦品种其光谱特征与冠层叶片氮素含量关系不同,在应用中要根据不同的小麦品种建立相应的模型。 相似文献
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小麦叶片氮积累量与冠层反射光谱指数的定量关系 总被引:14,自引:3,他引:14
利用不同小麦品种在不同施氮水平下的3年田间试验数据,研究了小麦叶片氮积累量与冠层反射光谱间的定量关系。结果显示,不同试验中拔节后叶片氮积累量均随施氮水平呈上升趋势,同时冠层光谱反射率在不同施氮水平下存在明显差异。对于低、中、高蛋白质含量的品种类型,近红外区域若干相邻波段和可见光波段组成的比值植被指数与单位土地面积上叶片氮素积累量的相关关系均表现较好,因此可用760、810、870、950和1100nm反射率的平均值与660nm组成的比值植被指数对不同蛋白质类型小麦品种的叶片氮素积累量进行定量监测,但回归方程的斜率在不同类型品种之间存在显著差异。本研究确立的小麦叶片氮积累量与冠层反射光谱的定量关系可用于不同的小麦品种、生育时期和施氮水平,为小麦氮素营养的监测诊断与精确施肥等提供理论依据和技术途径。 相似文献
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冷型小麦是一种冠层温度持续偏低的小麦,于80年代后期发现,此种类型小麦的叶片功能期较长,时间距较短,麦芒转黄速度较慢,上述表现特征和内部代谢功能有密不可分的关系,表明在蛋白质氮含量,气孔传导,蒸腾速率,过氧化氢酶活性,丙二醛含量和净光合率等方面均较优越,根据冠层温度和表现特征可较准确地识别具有良好代谢功能的冷型小麦材料。 相似文献
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利用不同小麦品种在不同施氮水平下的3年田间试验数据,研究了小麦叶片氮积累量与冠层反射光谱间的定量关系。结果显示,不同试验中拔节后叶片氮积累量均随施氮水平呈上升趋势,同时冠层光谱反射率在不同施氮水平下存在明显差异。对于低、中、高蛋白质含量的品种类型,近红外区域若干相邻波段和可见光波段组成的比值植被指数与单位土地面积上叶片氮素积累量的相关关系均表现较好,因此可用760、810、870、950和1 100 nm反射率的平均值与660 nm组成的比值植被指数对不同蛋白质类型小麦品种的叶片氮素积累量进行定量监测,但回归方程的斜率在不同类型品种之间存在显著差异。本研究确立的小麦叶片氮积累量与冠层反射光谱的定量关系可用于不同的小麦品种、生育时期和施氮水平,为小麦氮素营养的监测诊断与精确施肥等提供理论依据和技术途径。 相似文献
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蝴蝶兰不同耐热性品种幼苗对高温胁迫的生理反应 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
摘要:分别在25℃、35℃、40℃各处理2天,测定了耐热性存在差异的两个蝴蝶兰品种幼苗的生理指标变化。结果表明,随着温度的上升,两品种的相对电导率和丙二醛含量(MDA)均不断增加,而耐热性强的品种的相对电导率和丙二醛含量增幅明显小于耐热性弱的品种;随着温度的上升,两品种的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、可溶性蛋白含量均为先升而后降,但耐热性强的品种的SOD、POD活性、可溶性蛋白含量增幅明显大于耐热性弱的品种,而降幅明显小于耐热性弱的品种;随着温度的上升,两品种的脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量均持续增加,而耐热性强的品种的脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量增幅明显大于耐热性弱的品种。由此得出,耐热性强的品种具有较强的细胞渗透调节能力以及消除活性氧伤害的能力,是其耐热性较强的生理基础之一。 相似文献
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Thayna Mendanha Eva Rosenqvist Benita Nordentoft Hyldgaard John H. Doonan Carl-Otto Ottosen 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2020,206(6):651-664
Abiotic stress tolerance in plants is said to be induced by pre-stress events (priming) during the vegetative phase. We aimed to test whether drought priming could improve the heat and drought tolerance in wheat cultivars. Two wheat cultivars “Gladius” and “Paragon” were grown in a fully controlled gravimetric platform and subjected to either no stress or two drought cycles during the tillering stage. At anthesis, both batches were either subjected to high temperature stress, drought stress or kept as control. No alleviation of grain yield reduction due to priming was observed. Higher CO2 assimilation rates were achieved due to priming under drought stress. Yield results showed that priming was not damage cumulative to wheat. Priming was responsible to alleviated biochemical photosynthetic limitations under drought stress and sustained photochemical utilization under heat stress in “Paragon.” Priming as a strategy in abiotic stress alleviation was better evidenced in the stress susceptible cultivar “Paragon” than tolerant cultivar “Gladius”; therefore, the type of response to priming appears to be cultivar dependable, and thus phenotypical variation should be expected when studying the effects of abiotic priming. 相似文献
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小麦籽粒蛋白质含量高光谱预测模型研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
为定量分析小麦籽粒蛋白质含量、叶片氮素营养指标、冠层高光谱参数的相互关系,确立能够准确预测小麦籽粒蛋白质含量的敏感光谱参数和定量模型,2003—2006年在连续3个生长季不同小麦品种和不同施氮水平的4个大田试验条件下,于小麦不同生育期采集田间冠层高光谱数据并测定植株氮素含量和籽粒蛋白质含量。试验1以低蛋白质含量的宁麦9号和高蛋白质含量的豫麦34为材料,试验2以低、中、高蛋白质含量的宁麦9号、扬麦12和豫麦34为材料,试验3以低蛋白质含量的宁麦9号、中蛋白质含量的扬麦10号和淮麦20以及高蛋白质含量的徐州26为材料,试验4以低蛋白质含量的宁麦9号和中蛋白质含量的扬麦10号为材料。结果显示,不同品种小麦的籽粒蛋白质含量随施氮水平的提高而增加,可以通过开花期叶片氮含量和氮积累量进行可靠的估测。而不同试验条件下的叶片氮含量和氮积累量可以基于统一的光谱参数进行定量反演,其中基于REPle和mND705的叶片氮含量监测模型及基于SDr/SDb和FD742的叶片氮积累量监测模型,具有可靠的预测性和适用性。根据特征光谱参数—叶片氮素营养—籽粒蛋白质含量这一技术路径,以叶片氮素营养为交接点将两部分模型链接,建立了基于开花期高光谱参数的小麦籽粒蛋白质含量预测模型,经独立资料检验表明,以参数mND705、REPle、SDr/SDb和FD742为变量建立成熟期籽粒蛋白质含量预报模型均给出较好的检验结果。因此,利用开花期关键特征光谱指数可以直接评价小麦成熟期籽粒蛋白质含量状况,其中基于mND705参数的预测模型更为准确可靠。 相似文献
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Summary The dough mixing tolerances of a number of non-1BL/1RS translocation wheat breeding lines and cultivars were measured using dough un-mixing time as the measure of mixing tolerance. For three different sets of wheats a large range in mixing tolerance was found. Wheats with short dough un-mixing times quickly broke down in the mixer to produce sticky doughs. Wheats with long dough un-mixing times possessed doughs which were more cohesive at optimum development, and therefore more resistant to breakdown by mechanical shear forces. Selection for dough mixing tolerance would ensure the breeding of wheat cultivars more suited for usage in high speed mechanical dough developers, and the modern food processing industry.Dough mixing tolerance, as measured by dough un-mixing time, was considerably influenced by flour protein content, and the environment.The incorporation of alien germplasms into wheat such as 1BL/1RS, and VPM-1, which produce sticky doughs, would be facilitated by selection for dough mixing tolerance, as measured by dough un-mixing time. 相似文献
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Hiroyuki Tanaka Yasir S. A. Gorafi Motohiro Fujita Haruka Sasaki Izzat S. A. Tahir Hisashi Tsujimoto 《Breeding Science》2021,71(2):184
Heat stress during grain filling has been documented to decrease wheat grain yield and quality in arid regions worldwide. We studied the effect of heat stress on wheat flour quality in heat tolerant cultivars to define the effects of heat stress on flour quality and to identify germplasm combining traits for heat tolerance and good flour quality. We studied the kernel phenotypic traits, the expression of seed storage proteins (SSPs), and the resulting flour quality under heat and normal conditions. Under heat stress, all cultivars yielded narrow-shaped seeds, and increased protein contents as compared to the control plants grown under normal conditions. The specific sedimentation values used to estimate the gluten quality varied between cultivars. We identified cultivars that could maintain good flour quality under heat stress conditions: ‘Imam’, which possessed the Glu-D1d allele responsible for the suitable bread-making; ‘Bohaine’, which displayed high expression level of SSPs; and ‘Condor’, which possessed slight variations in the ratio of each SSP under heat stress conditions. Combining the desirable traits from these cultivars could yield a wheat cultivar with heat tolerance and good flour quality. 相似文献