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1.
桃分子连锁图的构建与分析 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
以‘大久保’与‘兴津油桃’杂交的F2代109 株群体为试材, 采用AFLP、RAPD、SSR 分子标记进行遗传分析。筛选扩增稳定、多态性丰富的36 对AFL P 引物、3 对SSR 引物、2 对RAPD 引物进行群体分离分析, 获得分离标记136 个, 卡方检验27 个标记偏离孟德尔分离比例。应用Mapmaker 分析软件将符合孟德尔遗传分离比例的标记构建了包含11 个连锁群的连锁图谱, 每个连锁群包含3～21 个标记, 平均为8.73 个标记。该图谱覆盖基因组1061.8 cM , 11 个连锁群的平均长度为96.5 cM , 标记间平均图距为11.0 cM , 与果实毛/ 油桃( G/ g) 、白/ 黄肉( Y/ y) 连锁的RAPD 标记、非酸/ 酸(D/ d) 性状连锁的AFLP标记分别定位在第3 、7 、9 连锁群上。 相似文献
2.
RAPD标记在苹果属种间杂交一代的分离方式 总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28
以富士苹果和山定子及二者的种间杂交Ｆ１代为试材,对ＲＡＰＤ标记的分离方式进行了研究。结果表明,ＲＡＰＤ标记在Ｆ１代的分离方式可归为３类,即呈孟德尔分离、偏离孟德尔分离比例和异常分离。呈孟德尔分离的情况有：不分离（代表了父母本中相应ＲＡＰＤ标记的５种组合：ＡＡ×ＡＡ、ＡＡ×Ａａ、Ａａ×ＡＡ、ＡＡ×ａ、ａ×ＡＡ）、１∶１分离（代表了父母本中相应ＲＡＰＤ标记的２种组合：Ａａ×ａ、ａａ×Ａａ）和３∶１分离（代表了父母本中相应ＲＡＰＤ标记的１种组合：Ａａ×Ａａ）。异常分离的标记包括：Ｆ１代出现双亲均不具备的标记、分子量在不同Ｆ１个体间变化的标记,以及隔代遗传的标记。据对２００个ＲＡＰＤ标记的统计分析,不分离标记、按１∶１或３∶１比例正常分离的标记、偏离孟德尔分离比例的标记和异常分离标记分别占４５．５％、４５．０％、８．０％和１．５％;双亲共有标记中７４．７％不发生分离,单亲特有标记中５７．１％～７９．６％发生正常分离;富士特有标记中不分离标记占３３．３％,而山定子特有标记中不分离标记只占４．３％,表明富士基因组中纯合基因位点的比例要高于山定子。对异常分离的ＲＡＰＤ标记等进行了讨论。 相似文献
3.
RAPD标记构建芥蓝×甘蓝分子标记连锁图 总被引：15，自引：5，他引：15
以芥蓝C100-12×甘蓝秋50-Y7为杂交组合, 构建了F2 作图群体, 利用300 个随机引物对两亲本进行了RAPD 检测, 共筛选到150 个RAPD 引物在亲本间表现多态, 多态引物的比率为58. 3 %。共分析了52个引物产生的96 个多态性RAPD 标记在该群体中的遗传。96 个RAPD 标记中有94 个在F2 群体中的分离比符合3∶1 , 说明该群体适合于QTL 分析, 共发现两对共分离的RAPD 标记。利用该作图群体构建了甘蓝的基本遗传图谱。该图谱由9 个主要的连锁图构成, 覆盖基因总长度约为555. 7 cM。 相似文献
4.
通过EMS诱变获得了1个可稳定遗传的番茄黄色柱头突变体,命名为ys(yellow stigma)。色素含量测定发现:同野生型相比,突变体ys柱头中的叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量没有明显变化,但对香豆酸和柚皮素查尔酮含量显著高于野生型,推测呈黄色的柚皮素查尔酮的大量积累可能在黄色柱头形成过程中起着重要作用。此外,分析发现,突变体和野生型在柱头表面结构、柱头可授性及花粉活力方面没有显著差异。对突变体ys与野生型构建的F_1、F_2、BC_1以及BC_2群体的遗传分析发现,F_1和BC_2均为绿色柱头植株,F_2和BC_1群体绿色柱头植株与黄色柱头植株的比例符合3∶1和1∶1的分离比(P0.05),表明黄色柱头突变受1对隐性基因控制,其遗传方式符合孟德尔遗传定律。 相似文献
5.
桃×山桃远缘杂种过氧化物酶同工酶研究初报 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文分析了普通桃( Prunus persica)与山桃( Prunus davidiana)的远缘杂种F_1,F_1自然授粉杂种F_2,F_2自然授粉杂种F_3以及珲春桃的过氧化物酶同工酶。结果表明,桃品种‘岗山白’与山桃酶谱明显不同,远缘杂种酶谱复杂,出现4种酶谱类型:(1)倾向‘岗山白’;(2)倾向山桃;(3)‘岗山白’与山桃互补;(4)杂种酶带。其中,F_2株间酶谱分离较为广泛,F_3次之,而F_1株间酶谱相对一致。珲春桃酶谱与‘岗山白’相似,未见有山桃的D_4特征酶带。 相似文献
6.
以中国古老月季品种‘月月粉’(Rosa chinensis‘Old Blush’,用OB表示)为母本,‘无刺光叶蔷薇’(Rosa wichuriana‘Basye’s Thornless’,用W表示)为父本,构建F_1代共296个单株。从146对SSR标记中筛选出亲本间多态性好且条带清晰的23对SSR标记,对随机选择的94株F_1进行杂种鉴定和遗传分析。结果表明:筛选到3个纯合显性标记分别为Fv512、Fv609和305,可单独一次性鉴定全部杂种真实性;随机筛选的94株子代均为真杂种;20个SSR标记用于基因型分析,有9个标记出现了偏分离,并在统计上达到显著或极显著水平,偏分离率45%,说明该F_1群体基于SSR位点的基因型偏分离率较高,在进行高密度遗传图谱构建时应重视偏分离标记对作图的影响;UPGMA聚类分析显示,94株F_1的遗传变异大,且遗传多样性丰富,可划分为2个大类7个亚类。 相似文献
7.
8.
大花紫薇与紫薇杂交F_1群体表型评价及分子标记连锁分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以大花紫薇(Lagerstroemia speciosa)为母本,紫薇(L. indica)品种‘Sacramento’为父本杂交构建的F_1群体为材料,对株高、冠幅、叶长、叶宽、花径、瓣爪长、花序长、花序宽、主枝GSA、生长习性、花芽形状、花芽缝合线、单色花颜色和复色花主副色共14个主要观赏性状进行了统计和分析,评价了F_1群体的遗传多样性,对主要观赏性状与SSR标记进行了连锁分析。结果表明:(1)株高等9个主要观赏性状的变异系数范围为14.58%～48.33%;生长习性以半直立和开展居多;花芽、花色表型无明显分离;主要观赏性状彼此之间呈现一定的相关性。(2)SSR标记多态信息含量(PIC值)的范围为0.20～0.59,平均值为0.43;Shannon’s信息指数分布范围为0.38～1.13,平均值为0.82;平均期望杂合度和观察杂合度分别为0.52和0.53:说明F_1群体遗传多样性程度中等。(3)8个SSR标记与8个性状共22个组合显著相关,解释率范围为3.46%～16.02%。 相似文献
9.
通过杏鲍菇多孢分离菌株的ISSR、RAPD分子标记和体细胞不亲和性分析,体细胞不亲和性分析得出子代杏1、杏3、杏4与出发菌株湘杏98有拮抗线,杏1、杏2、杏3、杏4四株子代均有明显的拮抗线。16条ISSR引物和19条RAPD引物分别扩增出99、154个条带,多态性条带分别占48.48%、61.00%;相似系数变异范围分别为0.63~0.86、0.57~0.83。湘杏98、杏2、杏3在2种标记的聚类结果上存在差异。体细胞不亲和性分析从表型上(拮抗线有无)反应了菌株的遗传变异。RAPD标记遗传相似系数小于ISSR标记,表明ISSR标记更适合亲缘关系较近的种群间遗传多样性分析。 相似文献
10.
番茄绿果与红果颜色性状遗传的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以绿果番茄‘绿樱’和红果番茄‘TTD1003A’为亲本材料,构建4个世代P_1、P_2、F_1和F_2遗传群体,采用标准比色卡,对成熟果实的果色、果皮色、果肉色和胎座胶状物质颜色进行观察分析。结果表明:在F_2代分离群体中,果色分离比例为,红︰棕︰黄︰绿=9︰3︰3︰1;果皮色为,黄色︰透明=3︰1;果肉色为,红︰浅黄︰浅绿=12︰3︰1,即果色、果皮色和果肉色的遗传符合孟德尔遗传规律,且分别由两对、一对和两对核基因控制;果实绿色相对果实红色为隐性,果皮透明相对果皮黄色为隐性,果肉浅绿色相对果肉红色为隐性,果皮与果肉颜色独立遗传。同时,运用色差仪测定果实表面颜色的L值、a值和b值,计算色光值后,运用植物数量性状主基因+多基因遗传分析法分析得出:番茄果实绿色对红色的遗传可能符合两对加性—显性—上位性主基因+加性—显性多基因遗传(MX2-ADI-AD),其中两对主基因均以加性效应为主,第一对主基因的加性作用更为明显。在F_2代中,色差仪测定指标的主基因遗传率为76%~89%,而多基因遗传率接近0,即该组合控制果色性状的主基因遗传力很高,多基因遗传力很低,对番茄果色的选择应在分离早期世代进行。 相似文献
11.
The application and informativeness of RAPD, ISSR, IRAP and REMAP markers to study the genetic diversity and relationship among the Citrus and its relative genotypes were investigated. High levels of polymorphism were observed for all four marker systems. The RAPD technique generated the highest number of polymorphic bands and average number of polymorphic band per assay unit. Average limit of the discriminating power was very close to its actual discriminating power of each marker. The highest and the lowest values of effective number of patterns were obtained from the marker REMAP (5.94) and RAPD (4.48), respectively. Correlation between the genetic similarities matrices were estimated from all four markers using the Mantel matrix correspondence test, and results showed significant correlations among the RAPD, ISSR, IRAP and REMAP similarity matrices. The highest correlations were found comparing RAPD and ISSR markers, whereas RAPD and REMAP (r = 0.143) markers were poorly correlated. To assess the usefulness of the overall information provided by these marker data for establishing phylogenetic relationships and Citrus germplasm classification, cluster analysis was performed. All four techniques, solely or in combination, discriminated the genotypes very efficiently and generated a high similarity in dendrogram topologies, although some differences were observed. The linkage analysis was conducted based on the segregation of 38 RAPD, 13 ISSR, 19 IRAP and 9 REMAP loci in 96 progeny of an intergeneric cross Citrus sinensis and Poncirus trifoliata. Among the 81 studied loci 65 loci distributed on five linkage groups. Comparing the result obtained with RAPD, ISSR, IRAP and REMAP markers in this study, IRAP and REMAP proved to be as a reliable molecular marker for fingerprinting, mapping and diversity study of Citrus and its relatives. 相似文献
12.
利用乔化异质型蟠桃(DwdwSs) 与矮化型圆桃( dwdwss) 或乔化异质型圆桃(Dwdwss) 进行有性杂交, 培育杂种实生苗, 对子代相关性状的分离情况进行了分析。结果显示, 乔化对矮化为一对等位基因, 且乔化对矮化为完全显性, 蟠桃与圆桃为一对等位基因, 蟠桃对圆桃为完全显性。在乔化异质型蟠桃(DwdwSs) 与矮化型圆桃( dwdwss) 的正反交后代中, 没有出现矮化型蟠桃和乔化型圆桃, 乔化蟠桃与矮化圆桃的比例为1∶1; 在乔化异质型蟠桃(DwdwSs) 与乔化异质型圆桃(Dwdwss) 的杂交后代中, 也同样没有出现矮化型蟠桃, 乔化蟠桃、乔化圆桃与矮化圆桃的分离比例为2∶1∶1, 据此得出以下推论, 果实扁平性状与树体乔化性状完全连锁, 树体矮化性状与果实非扁平性状完全连锁, 即矮化突变与扁平果形突变分别发生在不同的同源染色体上, 两者之间没有发生过交换, 不产生dwS配子。 相似文献
13.
中国葡萄属野生种抗旱基因的分子标记及遗传分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以葡萄属种间杂交组合燕山葡萄×河岸葡萄的F_1代群体为试材,采用BSA法构建抗旱植株DNA混合样,从300个随机引物中初步筛选出7个可以扩增出多态性DNA的随机引物,用于对供试材料扩增分析,获得了与中国葡萄属野生种抗旱基因连锁的RAPD标记S226-1100、S271-550、S1165-1500、S264- 1300、S195-1000、S1345-1400和S513-1700。并将7个RAPD标记在中国葡萄属野生种、欧洲葡萄、美洲种的冬葡萄和沙地葡萄等18个株系或品种中做了进一步分析。对与目标性状连锁较紧密的RAPD标记S226- 1100进行了克隆测序,转化成专一性的SCAR标记DR-760。经JoinMap 3.0软件分析表明,RAPD标记S226-1100、S271-550、S1165-1500与目标基因位点处于同一个连锁群上,其中以S226-1100与目标基因位点距离较近,为21.8cM。 相似文献
14.
新疆野苹果分离群体的构建和评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
【目的】为了建立合适的用于构建新疆野苹果遗传连锁图镨的分离群体,【方法】以新疆红肉苹果和‘红富士’为材料,利用人工授粉方法构建了分离群体,采用SSR分子标记技术对作图亲本多态性、杂种纯度和群体内部的遗传结构进行了检测。【结果】结果表明,新疆红肉苹果和‘红富士’的遗传差异较大;排除了15株不确定的个体,确定110株作为新疆野苹果遗传图谱构建的作图群体;株系间无重复现象;64对SSR引物组合在作图亲本间共检测到232个多态性位点,其中有191个位点在P<0.01水平上符合孟德尔期望分离比,占多态性位点总数的82.30%。【结论】选取该群体作为构建新疆野苹果遗传连锁图镨的分离群体是合适的。 相似文献
15.
大白菜永久高密度分子遗传图谱的构建 总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17
以大白菜高抗TuMV白心株系91-112和高感TuMV桔红心株系T12-19为亲本建立的小孢子培养DH系作为图谱构建群体, 构建了包含10 个连锁群、406 个标记位点的分子连锁图谱, 图谱总长度826.3 cM, 标记间的平均图距为2.0 cM, 连锁群数目和染色体数相等。每个连锁群上的标记数在7～111个之间, 连锁群的长度在26.4～156.1 cM的范围内, 平均图距在1.0～3.8 cM之间。该连锁图谱包括246个AFLP标记、135个RAPD标记、11个SSR标记和12个同工酶标记、1个SCAR标记和1个形态标记。 相似文献
16.
Charu Mitra Sanjogta Uppal Sunita Jain 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):398-402
SUMMARYA comparative study was conducted to evaluate genetic diversity in 45 genotypes of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), including both male and female plants, employing RAPD and ISSR marker systems. The data were analysed to calculate the total number of bands, the number of polymorphic bands, the percentage polymorphism, the average number of bands per primer, the effective multiplex ratio (EMR), the polymorphic information content (PIC), the marker index (MI), and genetic similarity coefficients. The 37 RAPD and 53 ISSR primers used generated 363 and 608 scorable amplified products, respectively, of which 95.0% and 90.9% were polymorphic. The ISSR markers produced more information than the RAPD markers due to their higher EMR and MI values. Jaccard similarity values among male plants, female plants, and between all male and all female plants varied between 0.72 – 0.80. The results indicate the effectiveness of these two marker systems for demonstrating genetic relationships among date palm genotypes. 相似文献
17.
P. Saha P. Kalia P. Sharma T. R. Sharma 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):480-486
SummaryIn order to understand the genetics of resistance to black rot disease caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) (Pammel) Dowson in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) and to identify random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers that segregate with the resistance genes, susceptible (‘Pusa Himjyoti’, female parent) and resistant (‘BR-161’, pollen parent) plants were crossed. Six generations of plants (30 P1, 30 P2,30 F1, 120 F2, 90 B1, and 90 B2) were evaluated for the presence or absence of black rot disease in a randomised block design with three replications. The pattern of segregation of resistance was tested by the χ2 test at the 5% level of significance. All F1 progeny plants were resistant, and the segregation of resistant and susceptible plants in the F2 and two backcross generations (B1 and B2) showed that a single dominant gene caused resistance to the black rot pathogen in ‘BR-161’. Three polymorphic RAPD markers (OPO-04833, OPAW-202538, and OPG-25625) were found by bulk segregant analysis, which produced unique amplicons 833 bp, 2,538 bp, and 625 bp in length, respectively. These markers were associated in coupling phase to the resistance allele. Best fit ratios of 3:1 (resistant:susceptible) in the F2 plants with the three RAPD markers, suggested that the markers were linked to the single gene controlling black rot resistance. These markers will be useful to identify more closely-linked markers and to develop black rot-resistant hybrid cauliflower varieties. 相似文献
18.
Veerendra K. Verma T.K. Behera A.D. Munshi Swarup K. Parida T. Mohapatra 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007
Ten inbred lines of ash gourd [Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.] were crossed to produce 45 F1 hybrids (without reciprocal) which were evaluated along with the parents for 20 growth- and yield-related traits, in a replicated field trial. High level of heterosis was observed among the hybrids for most of the traits examined, including yield. These inbred lines were analysed by using 42 RAPD primers those produced 282 DNA marker bands. A total of 130 RAPD markers were obtained with a mean of 3.1 per primer, which in combination discriminated all the inbreds from each other. Pair-wise genetic distance measurements ranged from 0.07 to 0.31, suggesting a wide genetic diversity for these inbreds. These inberds were also analysed with five ISSR primers of which four were informative. Twenty-six ISSR marker bands were generated of which 11 were polymorphic with an average of 2.80 per primers. The percentage of polymorphic bands produced were higher in ISSR markers (>80%) than generated through RAPD markers (46%). Although the results indicated significant positive correlations of genetic distance with hybrid performance and heterosis, the RAPD based genetic distance measures and use of limited ISSR markers in this present study could not effectively predict hybrid performance in this crop. The genetic variation among ash gourd inbred lines examined, herein, defined a marker array (combined ISSR and RAPD) for the development of a standard reference for further genetic analyses, and the selection of potential parents for predicting hybrid performance and heterosis. 相似文献