共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 953 毫秒
1.
广东省杉木树种二元立木材积可变参数模型研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用155株建模样本,利用现代建模理论和方法,以山本式固定参数模型和可变参数模型建立了广东省杉木树种的二元立木材积模型。模型自检及64株检验样木验证表明,固定参数模型和可变参数模型精度均符合建模要求,能满足生产需要,但后者具有更优的适用性能。 相似文献
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《中南林业调查规划》2015,(4)
以海南松树为研究对象,利用162株松树样本数据,以山本材积式为模型基础,建立固定参数和可变参数二元立木材积模型。结果表明:无论固定参数材积模型,还是可变参数材积模型,模型预估精度高,达到了98%以上;模型在整体上和各径阶上,TRE和MSE基本上在±3%以内,具有较好的全面切合性能;可变参数材积模型明显要优于固定参数模型,应该作为生产上首选二元材积模型。 相似文献
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《中南林业调查规划》2020,(2)
以海南省松树、橡胶树为研究对象,利用Ormerod提出的基本削度方程模型结构,并在此基础上构建可变参数削度方程模型。通过对固定参数与可变参数削度方程模型的比较分析,可知:所建立的松树、橡胶树带皮和去皮削度方程拟合效果均很好,模型确定系数均达到0.93以上,预估精度在99%以上;而可变参数模型要明显优于固定参数模型,是生产中的首选模型。 相似文献
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杉木人工林材积生长率表编制的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用森林资源连续清查固定样地中的复位样木生长量测定数据,以材积生长率Pv为因变量,年龄T和胸径D为辅助变量,选择Pv=aTbDc为基本模型,采用逐步回归技术建立可变参数的材积生长率模型,并用改进单纯形法优化参数。结果表明:材积生长率表在理论值与实际值差异不显著,且误差小,精度高,在林业生产实践中有应用价值。 相似文献
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基于湖南省主要树种模型研建项目中50块马尾松样地的每木胸径和树高实测数据，经数据预处理后，构建了马尾松固定参数相对树高曲线模型和可变参数相对树高曲线模型。基于构建的树高曲线模型，计算林木材积和样地蓄积，并以二元材积公式计算蓄积作为真值，将基于树高曲线模型计算的蓄积、二元材积公式计算蓄积和一元材积公式计算蓄积进行对比。结果表明：固定参数和可变参数相对树高曲线模型的决定系数分别为0.844和0.857,体现了较好的拟合精度；两种方法统计的总体蓄积相对误差均在5%以内，满足林业行业标准要求的允许误差范围；分径级组或分起源统计样地蓄积相对误差，相对树高曲线模型均较一元材积公式表现出更高的精度，能有效避免产生较大偏差。构建的马尾松相对树高曲线模型能应用于生产实践。 相似文献
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以湖南省栎类为研究对象,基于157株样木的直径-树高干形数据,拟合3种简单削度方程和3种可变参数削度方程。选取常用的模型评价指标,结合模型残差图和模型相对排序法,对6个模型进行综合对比评价,利用“留一法”对模型进行适用性检验。结果表明：6种削度方程的确定系数R2和预估精度P分别超过0.94和99%,模型拟合效果较好;3种简单削度方程在树干基部均存在明显的系统偏差,而可变参数削度方程可有效减少这种系统偏差,拟合效果均优于简单削度方程;从模型评价指标和相对排序值可以看出,除MSE外,模型4的其余5项指标均在6个模型中表现最好,且模型4的整体排序值最小,可作为湖南省栎类的最优削度方程。 相似文献
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采用北京山区油松定期调查数据,比较研究固定生长率法和可变生长率法建立的单木直径年生长量模型和年存活率模型.研究结果表明:利用可变生长率法建立的直径生长模型中,平均偏差(-0.005 9)、平均绝对偏差(0.779 1)、均方根误差(1.0384)分别比固定生长率法的平均偏差(0.097 5)、平均绝对偏差(0.9200)、均方根误差(1.198 3)小,而且其决定系数(0.949 3)也高于固定生长率法的决定系数(0.917 8);在单木存活率模型中,可变生长率法的平均偏差(8.59E-7)、平均绝对偏差(0.088 4)、均方根误差(0.211 7)也分别比固定生长率法的平均偏差(0.002 7)、平均绝对偏差(0.091 1).、均方根误差(0.212 1)小,并且其对数似然值(-4 137.240 0)也比固定生长率法的对数似然值(-4 230.320 0)大.因此,利用可变生长率法建立的单木生长模型预测精度比利用固定生长率法建立的单木生长模型预测精度高,因为前者考虑了林分因子(林分断面积,林分优势高)和单木因子在生长期间的变化引起的单木直径年生长量及存活率的变化. 相似文献
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为减轻森林资源调查的工作量，满足蓄积量调查的精度要求，利用广西276块杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)林标准地资料，选用理查德函数变型的固定参数式和可变参数式建立杉木林分相对树高曲线模型，综合考虑模型拟合决定系数(R2)、均方误差(MSE)、总相对误差(TRE)、平均相对误差(MRE)、平均百分比误差(MPE)和预估精度(P)等指标，选择表现较好的模型。结果表明，最佳的杉木林分相对树高曲线模型为理查德函数变型固定参数式模型。将利用模型估算的林分蓄积量与利用二元材积表估算的林分蓄积量形成成对数据，采用配对t检验法对二者均值差异进行检验；结果显示，二者无显著差异，精度达到99.46%。利用理查德函数变型固定参数式模型建立的杉木相对树高曲线方程预估精度高，可在广西区内应用，整体区域模型函数为■，中心产区模型函数为■，一般产区模型函数为■。 相似文献
10.
采用林分平均高和密度估计人工林蓄积量 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用2015年广西森林资源连续清查第9次复查中人工林样地调查数据,按树种组(杉木、松树、桉树)建立林分每公顷蓄积量与林分平均高、林分密度(郁闭度、每公顷林木株数)二元非线性模型(不变参数和可变参数),用确定系数(R~2)和平均预估误差(MPE)等6个指标对模型进行评价和检验。结果显示:全部12个模型的总相对误差(TRE)、平均系统误差(MSE)均小于15%,MPE均小于10%,表明采用林分平均高和密度估计林分单位面积蓄积量可取得较好的效果,但可变参数模型的参数的变动系数太大,不宜采用;3个树种组中,不论是不变参数模型还是可变参数模型,以平均高和每公顷林木株数构建的模型的R~2均大于由平均高和郁闭度构建的相应模型的R~2,而剩余标准差(SEE)、MPE则相反,说明每公顷林木株数对林分每公顷蓄积量变动的解释能力优于郁闭度。综合考虑6个统计指标和参数的稳定性,3个树种组的每公顷蓄积量的最优估计模型均为由每公顷林木株数、平均高构建的不变参数模型。 相似文献
11.
It is a truism in the sampling literature that sampling is most efficient when it is conducted with probability proportional to the variable of interest. Variable probability sampling methods have long been applied to trees. The most familiar approach is horizontal point sampling (HPS) which samples trees with probability proportional to basal area. Here, I introduce a generalization of horizontal point sampling (GHPS). GHPS is a simple practical technique for sampling trees with probability proportional to an approximate equation for biomass. The technique requires construction of a gauge, but the gauge need not be complicated. In principle, GHPS should be more efficient than ordinary HPS. This hypothesis was tested with a field trial. Somewhat surprisingly, GHPS was only marginally superior to HPS in terms of sampling variance and efficiency. However, GHPS took no longer to perform, and was not associated with detectable non-sampling error. Results suggest that a well-designed subsampling approach, used in conjunction with GHPS, might lead to appreciable improvements. 相似文献
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基于异速生长和理论生长方程的广东省木荷生物量动态预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】将异速生长方程与理论生长方程相结合,预测广东省木荷生物量动态,为广东省木荷林碳汇计量提供模型和方法,为其他树种碳汇计量提供可借鉴的方法学支持。【方法】基于实测样木生物量调查数据,包括40株树干解析资料,构建由胸径和年龄的理论生长方程以及地上生物量和胸径的异速生长方程组成的模型系,利用非线性度量误差联立方程组,在胸径生长速度分级情况下拟合模型参数;基于3期森林资源连续清查固定样地样木数据,对广东省木荷生物量动态进行预测。采用决定系数( R 2)和均方根误差(RMSE)评价模型拟合效果,通过生物量存量估计误差和增量估计误差判断模型预测效果。【结果】在胸径生长速度分级情况下,理论生长方程中年龄对胸径的解释率达0.95以上,比不分级提高0.166 3,均方根误差下降到1.97 cm,降低2.16 cm以上,预测胸径对地上生物量的解释率提高到近0.82;接近独立异速生物量模型中实测胸径对地上生物量的解释率达0.88以上,比不分级提高近0.30,均方根误差下降到51 kg左右,下降30 kg以上。在胸径生长速度不分级情况下,各期生物量存量估计误差变动幅度在-46.31%~77.45%之间,而分级情况下下降到-16.13%~7.06%;在尺度上,分级与不分级均呈相同规律,即单木误差小于林分误差、林分误差小于区域误差。不分级时,单木水平和区域尺度间的误差不大于10%,而分级时小于8%。不同间隔期生物量增量估计误差,不分级时估计值普遍偏大,在32.57%~115.45%之间,而分级时下降到-6.57%~15.77%之间,在单木尺度上不超过±10%;随着尺度增大,增量估计误差不断增加,不分级时单木水平和区域尺度间的误差介于10%~15%之间,分级时稳定在8%左右。【结论】对于理论生长方程和异速生长方程组成的模型系,分级可极大提高模型精度,减小预测估计误差;生长速度不分级时,仅利用胸径或年龄数据,分级时,则可利用2期胸径数据或1期胸径和年龄数据,就可预测未来生物量动态,简单方便,在森林资源连续清查和碳汇造林的碳汇量计量中具有极大应用价值,区域尺度上的估计误差也可基本满足精度要求。 相似文献
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Annual production of mast by the beech is highly variable, yetthere are few long-term records of the extent of masting whichmight help to explain the masting phenomenon. In this 16-yearstudy, beech mast has been sampled from 100 trees by 7-min samplescollected from the ground and from low-growing branches at sitesranging from the south to the north of England, and varyingfrom closed canopy beechwood to shelter belts, avenues and isolatedtrees in parks. Variation in production of viable seed is much greater fromyear to year than from north to south. Good masting occurredin 1980, 1982, 1984, 1990 and 1995: in these years at leastone year of very bad masting normally followed. Otherwise, predictionof masting is unreliable. No full mast was found in 1981. Overallthere was very little full mast in five other years, but evenin these years, some sites or some trees produced an appreciableamount. All trees produced empty pericarps as well as full mast, especiallyon lower or shaded branches. Isolated trees produced more emptypericarps than trees in groups; this is likely to result froma lack of cross pollination. It is concluded that ground samplingfor a fixed period affords a rapid and effective method of assessingmasting despite the factors intervening between mast sheddingand collection. 相似文献
15.
Alexander Berrocal Johana Gaitan-Alvarez Roger Moya David Fernandez-Solis Edgar Ortiz-Malavassi 《林业研究》2020,31(2):667-676
To elucidate the development of heartwood,bark,sapwood,pith and specific gravity of wood in fastgrowing teak(Tectona grandis)plantations in Costa Rica,we sampled three trees in each of 55 plantations and modelled each variable with age,site and different tree heights.Age and stand density of plantations were significant correlated with stem diameter at breast height and total height of the tree.Formation of heartwood was initiated at the age of 4-year-old and increased in direct proportion with age.The age of plantation had a significant relationship with stem diameter at breast height,heartwood percentage,sapwood thickness,sapwood percentage,percentage of bark,pith diameter and percentage,and specify gravity.The model for these tree parameters was model with these parameters as dependent variable and in relation to age as independent variable. 相似文献
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利用雷州林业局刚果12号桉W 5无性系林分中胸径8~18 cm径阶,树高11~23 m的样木1 207株和尾叶桉U6无性系林分中胸径8~18 cm径阶,树高10~21 m的样木784株,按材种规格标准造材实测材积,且分别建立刚果12号桉W 5无性系和尾叶桉U6无性系胶合板材立木出材量二元回归方程,经检验精度可靠,可供参考使用。 相似文献
17.
Felipe Crecente-Campo Margarida Tomé Paula Soares Ulises Diéguez-Aranda 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010
A generalized height–diameter model was developed for Eucalyptus globulus Labill. stands in Galicia (northwestern Spain). The study involved a variety of pure stands ranging from even-aged to uneven-aged. Data were obtained from permanent circular sample plots in which trees were sampled within different radii according to their diameter at breast height. A combination of weighted regression, to take into account the unequal selection probabilities of such an inventory design, and mixed model techniques, to accommodate local random fluctuations in the height–diameter relationship, were applied to estimate fixed and random parameters for several models reported in the relevant literature. The models that provided the best results included dominant height and dominant diameter as fixed effects. These models explained more than 83% of the observed variability, with mean errors of less than 2.5 m. Random parameters for particular plots were estimated with different tree selection options. Height–diameter relationships tailored to individual plots can be obtained by calibration of the height measurements of the three smallest trees in a plot. An independent dataset was used to test the performance of the model with data not used in the fitting process, and to demonstrate the advantages of calibrating the mixed-effects model. 相似文献
18.
Birger Hjelm 《林业研究》2013,24(1):15-22
We developed a simple polynomial taper equation for poplars growing on former farmland in Sweden and also evaluated the performance of some well-known taper equations. In Sweden there is an increasing interest in the use of poplar. Effective management of poplar plantations for high yield production would be facilitated by taper equations providing better predictions of stem volume than currently available equations. In the study a polynomial stem taper equation with five parameters was established for individual poplar trees growing on former farmland. The outputs of the polynomial taper equation were compared with five published equations. Data for fitting the equations were collected from 69 poplar trees growing at 37 stands in central and southern Sweden (lat. 55-60° N). The mean age of the stands was 21 years (range 14-43), the mean density 984 stems ha -1 (198 3,493), and the mean diameter at breast height (outside bark) 25 cm (range 12-40). To verify the tested equations, performance of accuracy and precision diameter predictions at seven points along the stem was closely analyzed. Statistics used for evaluation of the equations indicated that the variable exponent taper equation presented by Kozak (1988) performed best and can be recommended. The stem taper equation by Kozak (1988) recommended in the study is likely to be beneficial for optimising the efficiency and profitability of poplar plantation management. The constructed polynomial equation and the segmented equation presented by Max & Burkhart (1976) were second and third ranked. Due to the statistical complexity of Kozak’s equation, the constructed polynomial equation is alternatively recommended when a simple model is requested and larger bias is accepted. 相似文献
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以湖北省赤壁市国有林场40块杉木人工林实测数据为例,运用随机森林方法,以胸径、优势树高、优势胸径为自变量,建立树高预测模型。首先根据随机森林的置换精度重要性筛选出建模的自变量,并确定决策树的数量和竞争节点变量数,得到决定系数R2为0.9450,均方误差MSE为2.6966的随机森林树高预测模型。利用检验数据对随机森林树高预测模型和传统树高预测模型分别进行精度检验。结果表明：随机森林模型的拟合效果与预测效果都优于该传统树高模型,随机森林模型可以作为有效的树高预测技术。
关键词：杉木;标准树高曲线;随机森林 相似文献