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为了研究西畴县猎蝽科昆虫多样性状况和区系特征,于2016年6月-2017年10月,对西畴县猎蝽科昆虫进行调查,采用路线调查法,利用网捕,共采集猎蝽科昆虫标本67号,隶属于2亚科10属16种。多样性分析显示,物种丰富度指数以猛猎蝽属最高,其次为彩猎蝽属;多样性指数以猛猎蝽属最高,其次为脂猎蝽属;优势度指数以犀猎蝽属、真猎蝽属、素猎蝽属和盗猎蝽属最高,其次为壮猎蝽属;均匀度指数以彩猎蝽属最高,其次为猛猎蝽属。各种数量均较少,优势种不明显。随海拔变化,猎蝽科昆虫分布存在差异,以海拔1 100-1 200m物种丰富度和多样性指数为最高,海拔1 500-1 600m最低;同时,不同乡镇物种分布与多样性也存在差异。西畴县猎蝽科昆虫东洋区特征极显著,仅1种为东洋-古北区共有分布;同时,华南区特征明显,西南、华南、华中共有成分较多。 相似文献
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贵州茂兰自然保护区猎蝽昆虫种类调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文中记述了贵州省茂兰自然保护区的猎蝽6亚科32属49种,其中包括2个贵州新记录种,即：毛足菱猎蝽Isyndus pilosipes Reuter和锥头长头猎蝽Henricohahnia monticola Hsiao et Ren。 相似文献
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采用踏查与标准地调查相结合的方法,系统调查了徐州半翅目异翅亚目昆虫的种类、发生与危害情况。结果表明,徐州异翅亚目昆虫共有10科34种,较历史记载的种类(5科20种)有显著增加,其中,蝽科种类最多(13种),占调查总种数的38.2%,较历史记载新增5种;缘蝽科次之(7种),占20.6%,新增5种;网蝽科和猎蝽科分别新增1种和5种。重要林木害虫有麻皮蝽、茶翅蝽、稻棘缘蝽、点蜂缘蝽、悬铃木方翅网蝽、梨冠网蝽和小板网蝽等,其中3种网蝽均为中度以上发生,特别是悬铃木方翅网蝽为重度发生,其风险性R值为1.64。蝽科的益蝽、蠋蝽、蓝蝽和猎蝽科的黑红赤猎蝽、短斑普猎蝽、暴猎蝽、黑叉盾猎蝽和黄纹盗猎蝽均为捕食性天敌昆虫。 相似文献
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猎蝽科我国已记录270余种(萧、任等1981),分属于14个亚科,除椎猎蝽亚科的种类吸血外,其余各亚科的种类均为捕食性,常在林木枝干或草丛间捕食鳞翅目幼虫及同翅目、鞘翅目等成虫、幼虫和卵。如黑脂猎蝽(Velitra nodipes Uhler)捕食马尾 相似文献
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黑胫米缘蝽（ＭｉｃｔｉｓｆｕｓｃｉｐｅｓＨｓｉａｏ）属缘蝽科，米缘蝽属，为杂食性害虫，为害肉桂、木兰、白木香、假苹婆等植物。此虫以成虫在枯枝落叶层内越冬，竖年二月下旬越冬成虫开始活动，在广西桂平一年发生二代，少数三代，有世代重叠现象。 相似文献
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祁连山自然保护区半翅目昆虫调查初报 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
于1994~2002年期间,通过林间调查采集标本鉴定、查阅历史资料,查对有关单位标本等方法,对祁连山保护区半翅目(Hem iptera)昆虫种类进行了全面调查,整理记录半翅目昆虫13科71种,其中:盲蝽科16种、土蝽科1种、长蝽科8种、红蝽科1种、蛛缘蝽科1种、缘蝽科4种、同蝽科4种、蝽科21种、异蝽科1种、网蝽科3种、姬蝽科5种、猎蝽科3种、花蝽科3种。按食性分,植食性的59种,捕食性的12种。查清了它们的分布,分析了生态学特征。 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
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本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):131-138
The effects of soil scarification (mounding), slash removal and clear-cut age on the natural regeneration in clear-cuts was evaluated using data from four sites in southern Sweden. The treatments were carried out during a good seed and establishment year for birch ( Betula pubescens Ehrh. and B. pendula Roth). Scarification had the strongest positive effect on the density of naturally regenerated seedlings, especially in birch, but also in pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce [ Picea abies (L.) Karst]. Slash removal had a positive effect on birch density. No statistically significant effect of clear-cut age was found. In addition, no statistically significant interactions between clear-cut age and scarification or slash removal were found. The ingrowth of field vegetation was the fastest in areas that were not scarified, less rapid in areas scarified on old clear-cuts, and the slowest after scarification in fresh clear-cuts. In conclusion, it may be possible to control the density of birch during a good establishment year for birch. If birch is desired, the best combination of treatments is to remove the slash and scarify; otherwise, these treatments should be avoided. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):472-479
Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken. 相似文献
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Srisuda Thippayarugs Banyong Toomsan Patma Vityakon Viriya Limpinuntana Aran Patanothai Georg Cadisch 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(2):137-148
In situ produced plant residues contain a mixture of different plant components of varying quality. To assess synergistic
or antagonistic interactions occurring during the decomposition and mineralization of such mixtures, individual plant parts
(stems, leaves, leaf litter and roots) or the mixture of stems, leaves and leaf litter of the agroforestry species pigeonpea
(Cajanus cajan) or of crop residues of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or of the weed hairy indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) were incubated in pots for 19 weeks. Periodically, remaining plant residues were sieved out (>2 mm), weighed and N content
as well as soil mineral N determined. Above- and below-ground residues of peanut decomposed fastest and showed the largest
N release in agreement with their high N concentration and low-acid detergent fibre (ADF) : N ratio. Hairy indigo was hypothesized
to be of lower quality than pigeonpea because of its high-polyphenol content. However, it decomposed faster than pigeonpea,
largely because of the higher N and lower lignin concentration of its components. Ranking of individual plant components for
N mineralization resulted in the following pattern, leaves > leaf litter > roots > stems. In mixtures of the different plant
components a similar species order in decomposition was obtained, e.g. peanut > hairy indigo > pigeonpea. The amount of N
released from the mixture was dominated by stem material that comprised 46–61% of the mixture. The interactions in mixtures
were relatively small for peanut (generally high-quality components) as well as for pigeonpea (low proportion of high-quality
components, i.e. N rich leaf material). However, a positive interaction occurred during later stages of N mineralization in
the mixture of hairy indigo as it had a significant proportion of N rich components and absence of highly reactive polyphenols.
Thus, for plants with low to intermediate chemical quality attributes, manipulating plant composition (e.g. by varying harvest
age, affecting stem and leaf proportions) will be important to obtain significant interactions during decomposition when its
components are mixed. 相似文献
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A. Rigueiro-Rodríguez M. R. Mosquera-Losada E. Gatica-Trabanini 《Agroforestry Systems》2000,48(3):245-256
The use of organic waste materials such as milk sewage as an organic fertilizer could have the dual advantages of organic-waste
disposal and reduced dependence on inorganic fertilizers. The effects of fertilization with (1) conventional mineral fertilization,
(2) milk sewage sludge at 40 kg N ha−1 target rate and (3) no fertilization on pasture production and tree growth were examined in an experiment consisting of two
pasture mixtures under a one-year-old Pinus radiata plantation with a density of 2500 trees ha−1. The two pasture mixtures were: (1) Dactylis glomerata L. var. saborto (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1); (2) Lolium perenne L. var. Tove (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1). The experiment began in the spring of 1995 using a randomized block design with three replicates in Castro Riberas de Lea
(Lugo, Galicia, north-western Spain). Plot size was 12 × 8 m2, with a 1 m buffer strip between plots. Two-year data showed that fertilization with either material had a positive effect
on pasture production, with no significant difference between the two fertilization treatments. Tree growth in the milk sewage
sludge plot was significantly higher than in the control plots. Inorganic fertilization increased pasture production, but
affected tree growth negatively. The results show that milk sewage sludge could be used as a fertilizer in silvo-pastoral
systems.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献