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1.
本试验采取有代表性的饲料原料,分别采用干灰化法、湿消化法和酸溶解法3种不同的处理方法处理饲料样本测定微量元素铜(Cu)、铁(Fe)含量。试验以精确度、准确度、所需时间、操作的难易程度等为指标综合比较不同处理方法对饲料分析的实际意义。实验表明:国标干灰化法需专门设备,灰化时间较长;湿法消化法和酸溶解法可以达到国标法的精确度和准确度,在进行植物性饲料微量元素Cu、Fe的测定时,可以用湿消化法和盐酸溶解法代替国标法。 相似文献
2.
用火焰原子吸收法测定饲料以及动物不同组织中微量元素含量的样品前处理方法有多种 ,主要有干灰化法、湿灰化法、酸溶解法以及微波溶样技术。这些方法相对来说比较麻烦 ,对设备的要求也比较高。在测定血清中微量元素含量时 ,鉴于血清的成分均匀 ,在本试验中尝试采用表面活性剂聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚 (ＯＰ)加稀硝酸直接稀释血清的办法测定猪血清中铜、铁、锌含量 ,结果稳定理想 ,简化了操作过程。1 试验方法1 1 仪器和试剂 Ｓｏｌａａｒ 969ＡＡ型原子吸收分光光度计及配套计算机软件 ;铜、铁、锌空心阴极灯 ;铜、铁、锌标准储备液 :1ｍｇ/… 相似文献
3.
为研究微波消解-火焰原子吸收法测定饲料中钾、钠、钙、镁、铁、锰、铜和锌8种元素含量的可行性分析,本实验采取微波消解法代替传统的干灰化法,加入氯化铯、硝酸镧作为消电离剂及掩蔽剂,各元素的质量浓度在一定范围内与吸光度值呈线性关系,而且线性相关系数(R2)均达到0.995以上,满足仪器的要求;曲线最低点可以做到0.10mg/L,最高点可以做到7.00mg/L;方法检出限为0.68~207mg/kg,方法重现性(RSD)均小于3%,质控样在质控范围内,通过对实际多种类样品的测定,结果的准确度和精密度均符合饲料国标要求。综上,微波消解-火焰原子吸收法是一种速度快、成本低的联合检测方式,可以用于不同类型的饲料中钾、钠、钙、镁、铁、锰、铜和锌8种元素含量的测定。 相似文献
4.
应用原子荧光法测定鱼粉中砷,分别运用干式灰化法、微波消解法和湿法消解3种前处理方法对样品进行消解并测定砷的含量。采用硝酸-高氯酸-硫酸体系进行湿法消解,检测鱼粉样品中的总砷,检测结果与中国合格评定国家认可委员会组织的鱼粉中重金属含量的测定(CNAS T0508)能力验证中位值相近(相对偏差=0.42%);相对标准偏差(n=6)0.39%;加标水平20 mg/kg,平均回收率98.02%～103.05%;检出限3.6μg/kg;线性范围80～450μg/mL,R2=0.998 2。结果表明:对于鱼粉这类难消解样品,采用硝酸-高氯酸-硫酸体系进行湿法消解,消解能力强,处理效果较好,检测灵敏度、准确度和精密度均能满足分析要求。 相似文献
5.
试验旨在建立火焰原子吸收光谱法测定混合型饲料添加剂、微量元素预混料、矿物质饲料原料中铬含量的分析方法。试验通过改变样品溶解体系，优选狭缝宽度、燃助比等，将混合型饲料添加剂、微量元素预混合饲料、矿物质饲料原料样品经盐酸、硝酸、氢氟酸和高氯酸溶解，于原子吸收分光光度计上进行检测。结果显示，试验方法检出限为0.000 9 mg/kg，线性相关系数为0.999 9，样品加标回收率为95.50%～103.10%；矿物质饲料原料相对标准偏差（RSD）小于5.91%，微量元素预混料RSD小于3.06%，混合型饲料添加剂RSD小于3.00%。研究表明，试验所用方法具有良好的灵敏度、精密度和准确度，可操作性强，可实现快速准确测定混合型饲料添加剂、微量元素预混合饲料、矿物质饲料原料中铬的含量。 相似文献
6.
铜、铁、锌、锰是畜禽重要的营养微量元素 ,对畜禽造血 ,细胞生长 ,酶活性的激发 ,RNA、DNA和蛋白质合成以及促生长等方面都起着极其重要的作用。目前 ,饲料中铜、铁、锌、锰含量测定的前处理一般需要用干法 (饲料原料、配合料、浓缩料、含金属螯合物预混料 )和酸提取法 (预混料 )。干法前处理时间长 ,操作繁琐 ,试剂用量多 ;预混料酸提取法虽操作简便、时间短 ,但往往会提取不完全。为改进 ,我们采用硝酸 -过氧化氢 ( 4∶1 )对饲料样品进行微波酸消解前处理 ,然后用火焰原子吸收光谱法对饲料中铜、铁、锌、锰含量进行测定 ,取得了满意效… 相似文献
7.
铜在畜禽饲料中是一种常见的微量元素,当前,用原子吸收法测定饲料中铜元素含量时,样本的前处理方法有两种:一是千灰化法;二是湿消化法。这两种方法各有其优点,但都会对环境造成污染,还会使某些元素损失。据国外资料介绍,还可以用酸提取法。如Maurer用盐酸或硝酸从食品中提取七种元素;Hiwners等用1%硝酸从米粒中萃取镉;菲律宾国际水稻中心吉田昌一介绍用1N HCl浸提植株,测定锌、铜、锰、钙、镁、钾和钠等,都得到与湿消化法或干清化法相同的结果。据此,在饲料微量元素铜的测定中,我们探讨了酸提取法的前处理效果。1 测定方法 相似文献
8.
1 样品的干灰化对测定的影响11 干灰化法 在应用ＡＡＳ法(原子吸收分光光度法)测定饲料样品中的矿物质元素时,多采用干灰化法处理微量元素样品,湿法消解一般用来处理痕量元素样品,但采用不同的温度,进行样品的灰化,对不同的元素影响不同。高温干灰化的优点,在于能灰化大量样品,方法简单,无试剂污染,空白低,但对低沸点的元素常有损失,其损失程度取决于灰化温度和时间,还取决于元素在样品中的存在形式。而低温干灰化的优点,在于低沸点元素挥发损失较小,但试剂用量大,空白较高。例如当灰化温度超过500℃时,Ｃｄ会发生损失,为加速灰化过程加… 相似文献
9.
[目的]饲料原料中微量元素和重金属的含量对肉牛的生长发育及生态环境均有重要影响,通过对肉牛养殖中常用饲料原料中的微量元素及重金属含量进行分析,为肉牛养殖提供参考.[方法]研究对泌阳县境内24份肉牛养殖常用的饲料原料样品进行分析,采用硼氢化钾还原原子荧光光谱法测定了饲料原料中4种微量元素(铜、铁、锌、硒)及2种重金属(砷... 相似文献
10.
试验采用湿法消解和干灰化法两种处理方法，再结合原子吸收光谱法测定了动物饲料中钾、钠、钙、镁、铜、铁、锰、锌8种元素的含量，也测定了国家标准物质玉米[GBW10012(GSB-3)]中的各元素含量。结果表明：湿法消解测定饲料中8种元素的结果平行性好，稳定，过程简便，操作时间短，且各元素的添加水平在1.0～4.0 mg/kg时回收率为85.5%～109.1%，变异系数为0.309%～5.020%；而干灰化法耗时较长，测定结果均偏低。采用湿法消解测定的国家标准物质玉米中各种元素含量均在标示值范围内。说明湿法消解处理操作简便、结果准确、耗时短，适合于对饲料中钾、钠、钙、镁、铜、铁、锰、锌8种元素进行测定。 相似文献
11.
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
12.
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
13.
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection. 相似文献
15.
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
16.
In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated. Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively. 相似文献
17.
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
18.
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%). Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
20.
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario. Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously. 相似文献
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