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1.
为探究鲤不同体色个体肌肉品质的差异,本研究以福瑞鲤2号(Cyprinus carpio)青灰色个体(BG)和全红个体(WR)为研究对象,通过检测其肌肉色泽、氨基酸、脂肪酸和质构指标,来评价这2种体色福瑞鲤2号肌肉品质的差异。结果表明：BG的b*值显著高于WR(P<0.05);出肉率以及肌肉的水分、粗脂肪、粗蛋白和灰分无显著差异(P>0.05);不同体色福瑞鲤2号的肌肉中均能检测出17种氨基酸,其中人体必需氨基酸7种,非必需氨基酸10种。甘氨酸(Gly)、脯氨酸(Pro)、组氨酸(His)和半胱氨酸(Cys)在2组间差异不显著(P>0.05),其它氨基酸在2组间存在显著(P<0.05)或极显著差异(P<0.01),两种体色福瑞鲤2号之间ΣEAA/ΣTAA没有显著差异(P>0.05);BG肉豆蔻酸(C14:0)显著高于WR(P<0.05),BG的饱和脂肪酸含量较WR稍高,WR的单不饱和脂肪酸含量较BG稍高,两者多不饱和脂肪酸含量相近;WR的弹性和咀嚼性显著高于BG(P<0.05)。研究结果显示体色对福瑞鲤2号的肌肉品质有影响,本研究为鱼类肉质性状改良提供基础数据和参照依据。 相似文献
2.
多巴色素异构酶（dopachrome tautomerase，Dct）是酪氨酸酶家族的重要成员之一，在黑色素合成过程中具有重要作用。为了解多巴色素异构酶基因（）的“粉花”体色类型为研究对象，在对该基因进行克隆和表达分析的基础上，应用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术研究了该基因对瓯江彩鲤黑斑体色的影响。结果发现，瓯江彩鲤存在2个Dct1与在“粉花”体色瓯江彩鲤的黑斑皮肤中的表达量显著高于白色皮肤，而Dct1和基因突变对瓯江彩鲤黑斑体色存在重要影响，与在鲤的黑斑体色形成中发挥着更大的作用。 相似文献
3.
鲤鱼体色体型遗传的研究 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
用桔红色、体型粗短的荷包红鲤与青灰色、体型长的元江鲤杂交，正反交的F1皆呈青灰色，青灰色为显性，桔红色为隐性。F1自交，体色分离，青灰色与桔红色之比为15：1。F1与隐性亲本荷包红鲤回交，青灰色与桔红色之比为3：1，故认为鲤鱼体色性状由两对遗传因子控制。F1的体型介于双亲之间，但偏母本，故正反交F1有差异。F1自交，F2体型分离，各种体型呈数量性状分布。体型无明显的显隐性关系，属多基因效应。F3的体型较似F2的选择亲本，且齐性有提高。F1与亲本回交，子代偏向回交亲本：F1与荷包红鲤回交，回交鲤较似荷包红鲤；F1与元江鲤回交，回交鲤较似元江鲤。鲤鱼的体型与体重有密切关系。体长、体高与体重呈显著正相关性。分析F3群体不同体型的鱼的体长、体高与体重的相关系数及其生长情况，结果表明以偏长型个体的生长、增重最快。F1杂种优势显著，回交鲤较F1又有显著提高，F3选择效果良好。 相似文献
4.
研究不同投喂频率(1次/d,2次/d,3次/d,4次/d)对福瑞鲤(FFRC strain common carp)幼鱼摄食与生长的影响,试验周期为30 d。结果显示:当投喂频率从1次/d增加到4次/d时,福瑞鲤幼鱼的摄食率逐步提高,1次/d组的摄食率显著低于其他组(P0.05);体重增长率、体长增长率和特定生长率随投喂频率的增加均有不同程度提高,在4次/d时达到最高;饲料转化率逐步升高,1次/d组显著低于其他组(P0.05)。各试验组福瑞鲤幼鱼的个体体重/体长差异随着投喂频率的增加而先升后降,最终幼鱼的规格趋于一致。综合本试验结果,投喂频率对福瑞鲤幼鱼的摄食与生长存在显著影响,在4次/d的投喂频率下其摄食水平、生长性能、饲料转化效率及大小分化差异系数等均表现出较好状态。 相似文献
5.
福瑞鲤选育家系不同养殖阶段的生长差异分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了进一步观察最佳线性无偏预测(best linear unbiased prediction,BLUP)家系选育方法在福瑞鲤(Cyprinus carpio)继代选育中的潜力,该研究测量了继续选育第2代家系群体不同养殖阶段的体质量和形态性状。结果表明,生长快速家系群福瑞鲤早期(4月龄)生长速度较慢,到后期则生长加快,其体质量增长表现出明显的优势。在体型方面,随着养殖时间的延长,福瑞鲤各选育家系群的体厚/体长增加,体高/体长降低,逐渐呈现其体型修长的特征;同时2个越冬期的成活率均达到了94%以上。结果表明通过BLUP家系选育对福瑞鲤长期选育是可行的。在此基础上,通过主成分分析发现,福瑞鲤生长性状第一主成分是体质量;对不同生长时期的体质量进行相关性分析,发现9月龄、14月龄、21月龄鱼的体质量与24月龄的相关系数均达到极显著水平(P0.01),分别为0.851、0.897和0.957。因此,在福瑞鲤继续选育过程中,进行早期个体选择值得尝试。 相似文献
6.
为探明金边鲤肌球蛋白结合蛋白C3(MyBPC3)基因的序列结构和组织表达特性，并分析其在金边鲤体色变异调控机制中的功能作用，试验采用RACE技术克隆金边鲤MyBPC3基因cDNA全长序列，检测分析其组织表达量及该基因与TYR、TYRP1、TYRP2和MC-1R等黑色素合成相关基因的相关性。结果显示，MyBPC3基因cDNA全长4253 bp,开放阅读框3783 bp,共编码1260个氨基酸。软件预测该蛋白分子质量为141.57 ku,理论等电点为6.42,并潜在22个PKC磷酸化位点和5个PKA磷酸化位点。同源性和进化树分析显示，金边鲤MyBPC3基因与鲫的亲缘关系最近。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示，MyBPC3基因在金边鲤的不同组织中均有表达，但在心脏组织中的表达量显著高于大脑、皮肤、肌肉、脾脏、肝脏、肠道和肾脏组织(P<0.05),且该基因在金边个体心脏和皮肤中的表达量显著低于黑色个体(P<0.05)。相关性分析显示，MyBPC3基因与黑色素合成相关基因MC-1R、TYR和TYRP2基因呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。综上可知，MyBPC3基因可能参与了金边鲤皮肤黑色... 相似文献
7.
用微卫星标记分析了鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio L.)的2个品种福瑞鲤和豫选黄河鲤选育群体的遗传结构,并揭示了雌雄个体间遗传距离的分布规律。结果表明,23个微卫星标记在福瑞鲤(FR,n=192)和豫选黄河鲤(YX,n=96)中各检测到160个和131个等位基因。福瑞鲤的平均有效等位基因数(N_e)、观测杂合度(H_o)、期望杂合度(H_e)和多态信息含量(PIC)分别为4.559、0.695、0.741和0.702,群体处于高度多态水平(PIC≥0.5);豫选黄河鲤的4项遗传多样性参数分别为3.620、0.665、0.642和0.600。虽然豫选黄河鲤同样处于高度多态水平(PIC≥0.5),但是N_e、H_e和PIC均极显著低于福瑞鲤(P0.01),说明福瑞鲤的杂交选育背景决定了其较系统选育的豫选黄河鲤具有较多的来源于不同亲本的等位基因;而两者H_o差异不显著(P0.05),说明豫选黄河鲤种内也保持了较高的遗传杂合度。分别统计福瑞鲤与豫选黄河鲤雌雄个体间的遗传距离,结果表明两两雌雄个体间遗传距离呈正态分布。福瑞鲤个体间遗传距离的中间值位于0.8~1.0,占37.39%;而豫选黄河鲤个体间遗传距离中间值位于0.5~0.7,占49.33%。建议福瑞鲤和豫选黄河鲤在家系配组时,选择亲本间遗传距离阈值范围在0.8~1.0和0.5~0.7为宜。 相似文献
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采用全红体色日本彩鲫（ Carassius auratus）与青灰色建鲤（ Cyprinus carpiovar Jian）杂交,对所获得鲤鲫F1（建鲤♀×彩鲫♂）和鲫鲤F1（彩鲫♀×建鲤♂）两个杂交群体的个体及其父母本的外形特征进行研究,从而了解建鲤与彩鲫正反交后代的形态特征。试验分别从大学实验室随机取样50尾,对体型指数、可量性状、可数性状和肥满度分析比较。在体型指数体长/全长中,鲫鲤F1偏向母本,而在体高/体长中,鲤鲫 F1偏向母本;头高/体高、头高/头长、尾柄长/尾柄高都偏向建鲤,头长/体长这一体型指数处于亲本之间,属于杂交性状。进而推测生长性能出现离散现象,控制体色的基因来自母本。 相似文献
9.
在鲤(Cyprinus carpio)感染鲤疱疹病毒Ⅲ型(CyHV-3)不同时期,通过分析鲤疱疹病毒标志基因TK和ORF72与自噬标志基因Beclin-1、LC3、P62的差异表达情况,探讨在CyHV-3感染中自噬的发生情况。研究表明:(1)抗病选育组与未选育组鲤TK和ORF72基因以及自噬标志因子Beclin-1、LC3、P62基因相对表达量均呈现先升高后降低的趋势; TK和ORF72基因相对表达量选育组均极显著低于未选育组(P<0.01)且在感染144 h达到最高;(2)选育组鲤Beclin-1、LC3、P62基因相对表达量在感染48h达到最高,且Beclin-1、LC3基因表达量极显著高于未选育组(P<0.001),P62显著高于未选育组(P<0.05);(3)未选育组鲤Beclin-1、LC3、P62基因相对表达量在感染96h达到最高且极显著高于选育组(P<0.001),而P62基因相对表达量持续在感染144h、192h极显著高于选育组(P<0.01),说明P62基因表达发生了聚集;(4) LC3蛋白表达趋势与基因相对表达量趋势一致。以上结果表明C... 相似文献
10.
《水生态学杂志》2017,(3)
探讨当前中国鲤(Cyprinus carpio)野生群体和育成品种的遗传结构及变异情况,以期丰富鲤种质资源的研究数据,为后期鲤的种质挖掘和遗传育种提供更多参考。收集了鲤的4个野生群体(清水江鲤、太湖鲤、黄河鲤和黑龙江鲤)和2个育成品种(福瑞鲤和松浦鲤)共计185尾个体,进行mtDNA D-loop序列测序分析。全长927~930 bp的D-loop序列有36个变异位点。所有个体呈27个单倍型,其中清水江鲤和太湖鲤的单倍型数量较多(分别为18和9个),而福瑞鲤和松浦鲤各存在1个优势单倍型(占有率分别为93%和80%)。F_(ST)值检验发现,松浦鲤与黑龙江鲤间遗传分化不显著(P0.05),其余群体间均呈极显著遗传分化(P0.01)。基于群体间K2P遗传距离(0.005~0.013)的NJ树显示,福瑞鲤和黄河鲤首先聚类,然后依次与清水江鲤和太湖鲤聚类;最后与松浦鲤和黑龙江鲤所在的另一支聚类。分子方差分析显示,群体间遗传变异极显著(P0.01),占总变异的35.59%。研究表明,鲤的野生群体(清水江鲤和太湖鲤)存在较高的遗传多样性,具有进一步选育利用的潜力;而2个育成品种(福瑞鲤和松浦鲤)在选育过程中积累了较高的遗传纯度。 相似文献
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Shun Watanabe Jun Aoyama Seishi Hagihara Bunpei Ai Rhodora V. Azanza Katsumi Tsukamoto 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(3):375-383
Anguilla luzonensis and A. huangi were each described in 2009 using eels obtained from northern Luzon Island. We examined the taxonomic status of these two groups of eels using morphological and molecular genetic characters. There were no significant differences in two vertebrae counts between eels of A. luzonensis and A. huangi. Mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA and cytochrome b genes sequences were obtained and compared among 28 specimens of A. luzonensis, the holotypes of A. luzonensis and A. huangi, and one specimen of the other 15 anguillid species. The specimens of A. luzonensis exhibited almost identical sequences, including the holotype, with only a few site differences, and the genetic difference between the holotypes of A. luzonensis and A. huangi was within the range of differences of specimens of A. luzonensis. The other anguillid species were genetically very different from A. luzonensis and A. huangi, although A. interioris is a closely related species. It is clear that A. luzonensis and A. huangi are the same species, and according to the principle of priority in zoological nomenclature, A. luzonensis Watanabe, Aoyama, and Tsukamoto, 2009 is the valid species name, and A. huangi Teng, Lin, and Tzeng, 2009 is a junior synonym of A. luzonensis. 相似文献
12.
《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):61-70
No abstract available for this article. 相似文献
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Mulloway (Argyrosomus japonicus) occur in estuarine and coastal waters surrounding Australia, Africa, India, Pakistan, China, Korea and Japan, where they are important in fisheries. This study identified that mulloway in south-eastern Australia had similar growth rates, but matured at smaller lengths and younger ages, to those in South Africa and Western Australia. Growth of both sexes was similar to about 5 years, after which females grew faster and attained a greater maximum length than males. Female mulloway matured at 4–5 years of age with a L50 of 68 cm, whereas males matured at 2–3 years of age with a L50 of 51 cm. The commercial fishery in New South Wales was characterised by declining catches and a reduction in the proportion of mulloway of mature lengths in landings. During 2002–2005 commercial landings were dominated (83%) by fish within 15 cm of the current minimum legal total length of 45 cm and aged 2 and 3 years (>80%), even though mulloway can attain lengths of 200 cm and live >30 years. Estimates of the rates of instantaneous total mortality ranged between 0.34 and 0.45, whilst the rate of instantaneous natural mortality (M) was estimated to be approximately 0.12. Yield-per-recruit analyses indicated that mulloway in New South Wales are being growth overfished and substantial increases in yield could be achieved by increasing the length at first harvest. Values of the spawning potential ratio were below 0.2 under a range of mortality estimates, suggesting that mulloway are at risk of recruitment overfishing. These results suggest that the spawning stock of mulloway in south-eastern Australia has been depleted and that remedial management action is required to protect this iconic species. 相似文献
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Charles C. Mischke Matt J. Griffin Terrence E. Greenway David Wise 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2013,44(2):288-292
Mosquitofish, Gambusia sp., have been spread throughout the world to biologically control mosquitoes. However, the fish has gained a reputation as an invasive species and has been implicated in displacing native aquatic species. Gambusia affinis are native to the southeastern United States and commonly occur in commercial channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, production ponds. We investigated effects of mosquitofish presence on zooplankton populations, water quality, disease occurrence, and fish production in experimental ponds. There were no differences between ponds with or without mosquitofish in numbers of calanoid copepods, cyclopoid copepods, total copepods, Bosmina sp., Ceriodaphnia sp., Moina sp., Daphnia sp., or total cladocerans. There were also no differences in copepod and cladoceran sizes. Copepod nauplii were more numerous during the summer months in ponds with mosquitofish. There were no differences in water quality variables (soluble reactive phosphorus, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, pH) or phytoplankton density between ponds stocked with and without mosquitofish. Catfish production and disease occurrence were also similar between ponds with and without mosquitofish. Although mosquitofish may cause problems when stocked outside their native range, there does not appear to be any adverse effects of mosquitofish presence in catfish production ponds. 相似文献
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The effects of exposing the eggs of Pacific threadfin and amberjack eggs (AEs) to different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide for 5 min on hatch rate and survival were assessed in a series of experiments using a petri dish model rearing system. Despite significant inter‐batch variation in hatch rate, it was shown that eggs of both species could be safely exposed to up to 11 340 mg L−1 H2O2 for 5 min. Exposure to 34 230 mg L−1 H2O2 for 5 min was shown to be lethal to AEs at a late stage of development. In two further experiments, it was demonstrated that Pacific threadfin eggs were resistant to all tested concentrations of a range of polyvinylpyrrolidone iodine (PVP‐I) concentrations and contact times (up to 1000 mg L−1 PVP‐I for 10 min). The level of bacteria adhering to the eggs of both species was highly variable. Where eggs were heavily colonized (>104 cfu egg−1), hydrogen peroxide concentrations of at least 11 340 mg L−1, or PVP‐I concentrations higher than 500 mg L−1 for 10 min, were required for effective sterilization. In less colonized batches, rinsing in sterile seawater or exposure to lower (550 mg L−1) concentrations of H2O2 was sufficient to result in high apparent levels of surface sterility (<1 cfu egg−1). 相似文献
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Fisheries Science - Fermentation of kamaboko in koji with wheat (KW), rice (KR), brown rice (KB), or soybean (KS) was performed by simulation of tofuyo processing. Moisture and protein content... 相似文献
19.
Sperm Motilities in Waigieu Seaperch,Psammoperca waigiensis: Effects of Various Dilutions,pH, Temperature,Osmolality, and Cations 
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下载免费PDF全文 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of varying dilutions, pH, temperature, osmolality, and cations on sperm motility parameters in waigieu seaperch, Psammoperca waigiensis. The maximum velocity of average in path (VAP), percentage of motile cells (MOT), and duration of sperm motility (DSM) were observed when semen was diluted in artificial seawater (ASW) at a ratio of 1:100 (144.9 ± 0.6 µm/sec, 95.6 ± 0.4%, and 230.3 ± 2.3 sec, respectively), at 30 C (142.0 ± 0.6 µm/sec, 93.6 ± 0.4%, and 238.3 ± 0.9 sec, respectively), and pH 8 (144.8 ± 0.6 µm/sec, 93.3 ± 0.4%, and 234.0 ± 1.5 sec, respectively). Maximum VAP, MOT, and DSM were obtained in each solution containing 0.6 M NaCl (143.8 ± 1.0 µm/sec, 91.3 ± 2.0%, and 230.6 ± 4.2 sec, respectively), 0.6 M KCl (135.1 ± 3.1 µm/sec, 91.1 ± 3.1%, and 230.3 ± 3.7sec, respectively), 0.2M CaCl2 (105.3 ± 4.7μm/sec, 47.9 ± 2.7%, and 120.7 ± 1.3 sec, respectively), 0.2 M MgCl2 (107.3 ± 3.0 m/s, 42.1 ± 3.3%, and 120.3 ± 4.8 sec, respectively), and osmolality of 400 mOsm/kg (145.1 ± 2.5 µm/sec, 93.0 ± 2.1%, and 346.5 ± 4.4s, respectively). We used these mediums as artificial insemination media for fertilizing matured eggs. The results showed that the fertilization and hatching rates in 0.6 M NaCl (75.3 ± 0.6% and 57.0 ± 2.4%, respectively), ASW (70.8 ± 1.2% and 51.2 ± 1.8%, respectively), or 400 mOsm/kg (72.9 ± 1.8% and 55.3 ± 1.6%, respectively) were higher than that in seawater (63.9 ± 1.2% and 39.2 ± 3.9%, respectively). In conclusion, using 0.6 M NaCl, ASW, or 400 mOsm/kg as an artificial insemination medium is effective for fertilizing of waigieu seaperch. 相似文献
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对驼背鲈(Chromileptes altivelis)的胚胎发育及仔、稚、幼鱼的形态特征进行了详细的观察与研究,描述了从受精卵到仔、稚、幼鱼各发育期的时间和形态特征变化。结果表明,在水温25-26℃、盐度30的海水中,受精卵历时27 h 25 min完成整个胚胎发育过程,经历从卵裂、囊胚、原肠、神经胚到肌节形成、各器官的逐渐形成、变化、完善等一系列的胚胎发育和变化过程;根据其卵黄囊消长情况、鳞片的覆盖状态、体色发生的不同变化以及第二背鳍和腹鳍的消长,将胚后发育分为仔、稚、幼鱼3个阶段。在水温22-26℃、盐度29-31、DO≥5 mg/L的条件下,2-3 d仔鱼卵黄囊消失,开口摄食;生长发育至31 d,仔鱼已变态进入稚鱼期;培育至57 d,稚鱼完成变态,成为幼鱼。第二背鳍棘和腹鳍棘的生长与收缩等石斑鱼类早期发育的共性生长特征及其体表特性体色变化特征为驼背鲈胚后发育过程中最明显的特征。 相似文献