共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Summary Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV) and potato virus Y (PVY) were isolated from plants of cultivar Kennebec with severe necrotic
symptoms in the field. In the greenhouse, severe necrotic symptoms were reproduced only when potato plants were infected either
simultaneously with PSTV+PVY, or with PSTV prior to PVY infection. Thirteen additional potato cultivars were tested in the
greenhouse for this synergistic reaction and eight developed necrotic responses similar to cv. Kennebec. PVY concentration
was significantly higher in doubly infected plants, compared with those infected with PVY alone. 相似文献
2.
Summary Tubers of field-grown plants of ten Dutch potato cultivars, secondarily infected with potato virus X (PVX) or free from this
virus were submitted to ELISA after storage at 4°C. About 40 weeks after lifting PVX could be detected reliably. Extinction
values with the apical parts of the tubers were slightly higher than those with the basal parts. 相似文献
3.
马铃薯X病毒的RT-PCR和IC-RT-PCR检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
马铃薯X病毒(Potato virus X,PVX)是侵染马铃薯重要病毒之一,通常引起花叶症状,在田间常与其他病毒混合感染导致马铃薯的毁灭性减产。PVX尚无有效的药剂可以防治,加强对PVX的快速检测是一个亟待解决的课题。本研究应用反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)和免疫捕捉反转录聚合酶链式反应(IC-RT-PCR)技术检测马铃薯X病毒。结果表明:IC-RT-PCR方法可检测出稀释至1.0×10-3的粗汁液中的病毒;RT-PCR方法可从稀释至1.0×10-4的总RNA中扩增出特异的目的条带。这两种方法均具有较高的检测灵敏度,均可用于马铃薯X病毒的检测。 相似文献
4.
Foliar treatment of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) with metribuzin at 0.57–1.0 lb/A caused a necrotic reaction in leaflets of plants infected with potato virus Y (PVY), but not in plants infected with potato virus X (PVX) or potato leafroll virus. Necrosis symptoms resulting from metribuzin-PVY interaction were distinct from symptoms of either PVY infection or of metribuzin injury. This reaction was similar in the Russet Burbank, Lemhi Russet, and Pioneer cultivars. Russet Burbank infected with PVY and PVX, alone or in combination, was treated with metribuzin to study herbicidevirus interaction effects on yield. Secondary PVY infection alone caused a 57% yield reduction, and when combined with PVX caused a 71% yield reduction. Although leaflet necrosis was induced by the metribuzin-PVY combination, there was no significant yield interaction. Results suggest that post-emergence application of metribuzin can be used as an aid for detecting and removing potato virus Y infected plants from potato seed fields 相似文献
5.
将多种病毒的有效核酸片断拼接成融合基因转入马铃薯可获得多抗马铃薯材料。针对马铃薯生产中分布广泛、危害严重并经常混合感染的马铃薯X病毒(PVX)、马铃薯Y病毒(PVY)、马铃薯卷叶病毒(PLRV)和马铃薯S病毒(PVS),开展了利用基因工程方法获得兼抗4种马铃薯病毒转基因马铃薯材料的研究。试验在前期获得含4种马铃薯病毒外壳蛋白基因片段的质粒pART27-XSYV-rh的基础上,通过根癌农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)介导转化马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)品种‘陇薯3号’,PCR扩增和PCR-Southern杂交证明,4价融合基因已整合到马铃薯基因组中。qRT-PCR分析表明,该融合基因在转基因植株中能正常表达。3株转基因植株的抗病性鉴定结果表明,2株对4种病毒同时具有抗性;1株对PLRV侵染表现阳性,对另外3种病毒同时具有抗性。 相似文献
6.
Weeds in tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-infested potato fields were examined for TRV and potato virus X (PVX) with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Questionable positive reactions were evaluated with immunosorbent electron microscopy. Of 615 weeds, representing 28 species, sampled over a two-year period, four species contained only TRV, three were infected only with PVX and eight had both viruses. Tobacco rattle virus was located only in the roots of five species and PVX was found only in the foliage of five species. Seeds and/or fruits of three species contained TRV while two contained PVX. Only one weed species,Solanum sara choides, contained both viruses in all plant portions tested. Potato virus X was not detected in weeds within a field planted with PVX-free potato seed. 相似文献
7.
Summary Thermotherapy of PVX infected potato plants at 30°C followed by in vitro tip culture at 24°C was more or less successful depending
on the duration of the heart treatment. Virus inactivation in meristematic tissues was much more efficient when the heat treatment
was applied to mature plants rather than to meristem tips cultured in viro. By combining 30°C treatment of potato plants with
30°C tip culture. PVX eradication was not improved but the final proportion of PVX-free plantlets was increased because the
tip population developed faster, giving a higher number of rooted plantlets at 30°C than at 24°C. 相似文献
8.
Summary The diploid clone DW.84-1457 which has outstanding resistance to potato leafroll virus (PLRV), has been selected at the Mlochów
Centre of the Institute for Potato Research. It has in its pedigree PLRV-resistant clones from the Max Planck Institute nos.
MPI 44.1016/10, MPI 44.335/130 and MPI 49.540/2. Its behaviour in the field and response to aphid inoculation indicate high
resistance to infection, and the low concentration of the virus in graft-inoculated plants indicates high resistance to multiplication.
This combination within one genotype of two aspects of resistance is not connected with hypersensitivity, and is heritable.
Clone DW.84-1457 has other desirable characters such as extreme resistance to potato virus X (PVX), high resistance to potato
virus M (PVM) and good table and processing quality. It is being utilized in the development of parental lines, both at the
diploid and tetraploid level. 相似文献
9.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with single or combined antisera was effective for diagnosing potato virus S (PVS), potato virus X (PVX) or both viruses in plants grown in the greenhouse or field. In dormant tubers, stolon, middle and apical end composite sampling with or without eyes and sprouted tubers produced reliable positive assays for PVX. Only tuber pieces with sprouts resulted in consistently reliable assays for PVS. Composite sampling of potato foliage was effective for detecting one PVX infected plant in a total of 100 Kennebec, Norland, or Russet Burbank plants. There were some false negative results and greater variability in composite PVS assays, but on average, one PVS infected plant can be detected in composites of 10 Kennebec, Norland, or Russet Burbank plants. Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (0.01M NaDIECA) in phosphate buffered saline + 0.5% Tween (PBS-T) added to plant extracts enhanced specific reactions for either virus. Onceor twiceused enzyme conjugate was effective in ELISA of either virus from potato foliage. 相似文献
10.
Summary Potato leafroll virus and potato viruses M, S, X and Y in green leaves were detected by dot immunobinding (DIB) on plain paper
and on nitrocellulose membranes. On both materials, DIB could detect the presence of very small amounts of virus, e.g. 30
pg of purified PVX. The sensitivity of the DIB test on plain paper and on nitrocellulose was compared to Double Antibody Sandwich
ELISA (DAS-ELISA) by serial dilutions of infected plant sap made in healthy plant sap. Detection of potato viruses by DIB
on plain paper and nitrocellulose was found to be equally sensitive whereas DAS-ELISA was 2 to 8 times more sensitive. Possible
simplifications of the DIB procedure to suit the requirements of a routine method were examined. The use of the DIB method
for routine testing of potato viruses is discussed. 相似文献
11.
Reinfection of potato seed stocks with the potato viruses S (PVS) and X (PVX) varied with cultivar, virus, and grower. Rapid recontamination was observed for the cultivars Norgold Russet and Ontario with PVS and for the cultivars LaChipper, Norchip, and Norgold Russet with PVX. Recontamination was low for the cultivars LaChipper and Monona with PVS and for the cultivars Kennebec, Monona, Norland, and Superior with PVX. Survey results suggest that PVS and/or PVX can be eliminated from cultivars which appear to possess field resistance to infection, but that further evaluation of cultivars which are very susceptible to reinfection will be necessary. 相似文献
12.
Volunteer potatoes were investigated as infection sources for potato leafroll virus (PLRV) and potato virus X (PVX) in a high elevation seed potato growing area of eastern Idaho. Population densities ofMyzus persicae were assessed. Percentage of PLRV and PVX infection of the volunteers and seed potato crops was determined, as well as density of volunteers and certain parameters of volunteer growth and reproduction. Volunteers apparently harbored no more PLRV than the potato crop from which they originated. But they were found to be an important reservoir of PVX with the infection increasing as much as 12.43% in one year. No aphids capable of transmitting PLRV were found although one species that can transmit potato virus Y was recorded. The mean density of volunteers varied from 0 to 84,880 stems/ha. The number of tubers remaining in the field after harvest and winter weather conditions appeared to be the only factors affecting volunteer density. Volunteer plants arising from seed pieces at an average depth of 6.1 cm were found to set an average of 2.1 new tubers per plant at an average depth of 4.0 cm. These results suggest that volunteer potatoes are a significant source of PVX infection in subsequent seed potato crops. 相似文献
13.
Maintaining potato viruses X, S, Y, A, M and leafroll in tissue culture plantlets is a convenient, cost and space effective alternative to the use of greenhouse plants. Of these six viruses, only certain strains of PVX induced symptoms in tissue culture plantlets. Nevertheless, all infected tissue culture plants were found to be more reliable than greenhouse grown plants as virus-infected controls in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing. Another advantage of maintaining viruses in tissue culture plantlets was the elimination of contamination by other viruses or other pathogens. Leaves, stems, and roots of virus infected plantlets were tested separately for antigen levels by ELISA. In these tests, the stems and leaves of all but PVA infected tissue culture plants consistently gave positive ELISA values. In contrast, root tissue from PVY infected tissue culture plantlets was not reliable for PVY detection. In all cases, the viruses detected in the original source material were detected in the resulting tissue culture plantlets. 相似文献
14.
C. Theoduloz J. Sáez-Vásquez F. Poblete A. Contreras E. Hubert L. Meza-Basso 《American Journal of Potato Research》1992,69(12):827-830
The 530 potato clones of the Chilota collection of the germplasm bank from the Universidad Austral de Chile were tested for potato viruses X (PVX), Y (PVY) and S (PVS) by means of NCM-ELISA (nitrocellulose membrane enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Four clones (0.8%) healthy for all 3 viruses simultaneously were detected. These clones could be resistant to the above mentioned viruses. 相似文献
15.
Plants from 6 potato cultivars uniformly infected with potato virus X (PVX) were exposed to darkness and gradual temperature increases from 37 to 40 C, during a two-week period. This was followed by shoot tip culture to obtain virus free individuals. The procedure was effective in obtaining PVX-free propagation material from 4 of the 6 varieties. Differences were observed in the response of the cultivars to the heat and to thein vitro culture. At least one plant from every cultivar showed repeated negative serological reaction against PVX after the tissue culture regeneration, except Atzimba and Montsama. Tollocan and Murca were the most resistant to heat, developed better duringin vitro culture and resulted in the largest number of PVX-negative plants. Rosita was intermediate, and Juanita did not adapt to heat stress. 相似文献
16.
E. A. Locatelli T. C. Allen P. A. Koepsell A. P. Appleby 《American Journal of Potato Research》1978,55(5):249-257
The methodology for the detection of tobacco rattle virus (TRV) and for the incidence of TRV and other viruses was determined in weed species associated with potatoes. Symptoms onNicotiana tabacum L. cv. ‘Samsun NN’and Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. ‘Bountiful’ were used to detect the viruses. Identity was confirmed by comparison with symptoms produced on plants by standard cultures of TRV and potato virus X (PVX), by electron microscopy, and by serology.Portulaca oleracea L.,Solatium sarachoides Sendt., andAmaranthus retroflexus L. were hosts of TRV; the latter two also carried PVX. Most TRV carriers were found adjacent to infected potatoes. The roots of naturally infectedS. sarachoides contained the highest concentration of TRV encountered in these studies. Mechanical inoculation of TRV to A.retroflexus andS. sarachoides produced variable symptoms that included red spots on the former and chlorosis and stunting on the latter. TRV moved systematically in both species. Assay methods for detection were adequate but low concentrations of TRV limited the usefulness of electron microscopy and serology. 相似文献
17.
Summary Potato virus M (PVM), potato virus S (PVS), potato virus X and tobacco veinal necrosis strain of potato virus Y (PVYR) were isolated from potatoes showing tuber necrotic ringspot disease (TNRD). Potato mop-top virus, tobacco rattle virus,
tobacco necrosis virus and tomato black ring virus could not be isolated from the diseased plants. Because PVM and PVS could
be isolated from potato plants that did not show symptoms, these viruses could not be causally related to TNRD. However, TNRD
is closely connected with infections by PVYR which always could be isolated from potato plants with TNRD symptoms.
Zusammenfassung Aus Kartoffelpflanzen (Solanum tuberosum, Sorten Adema, Malacsinka, Mona Lisa, Romano und Rosalie) die Symptome des Tuber necrotic ringspot zeigten, wurden Kartoffel-M-Virus (PVM), Kartoffel-S-Virus (PVS), Kartoffel-X-Virus (PVX) und Kartoffel-Y-Virus (PVY) isoliert. Die Viren wurden mit Hilfe von Differentialwirten, Elektronenmikroskopie, Serologie und Pr?munit?tstests identifiziert. Die untersuchten Kartoffelknollen zeigten deutlich sichtbar nekrotische Ringsymptome (Abb. 1). Von den Nekrosen aufweisenden Knollen und von Kartoffelpflanzen konnten von allen Sorten drei Viren (PVM, PVS, PVY) isoliert werden, von der Sorte Malacsinka zus?tzlich noch PVX (Tab. 2). Entsprechend den Symptomen der Testpflanzen (Tab. 3) identifizierten wir die Virus-isolate aus Kartoffelpflanzen die Symptome des Tuber necrotic ringspot aufwiesen als PVM, PVS, PVX und PVY. Aus keiner kranken Pflanze konnte Kartoffelbüscheltrieb-Virus, Tabakmauche-Virus, Tabaknekrose-Virus und Tomatenschwarzring-Virus isoliert werden. Da PVM und PVS aus Pflanzen, die keine Symptome aufwiesen, isoliert werden k?nnten, k?nnen diese beiden Viren nicht urs?chlich mit den Symptomen der Tuber necrotic ringspot Krankheit (TNRD) verbunden sein. Wir konnten jedoch eine enge Verbindung zwischen TNRD und der Infektion mit PVY feststellen, da dieses Virus von allen Pflanzen, die Symptome des TNRD aufwiesen, isoliert werden konnte. Die Eigenschaften von PVY-Isolaten aus Knollen, Bl?ttern und Wurzeln ?hnelten jenen, die in verschiedenen Testpflanzen gefunden wurden (Tab. 4). Die typischen Symptomreaktionen aufNicotiana debneyi (Abb. 2) undN. tabacum Sorte Xanthi-nc sowie aufSolanum demissum A6-Hybride lassen vermuten, dass die Ursache ein Tobacco veinal necrosis—Stamm des PVY, (PVYR, siehe Abb. 3) war. Es ist schwierig zu einem endgültigen Ergebnis über die ?tiologie der TNRD zu kommen, weil einige PVYR-isolate sogar aus symptomlosen Kartoffelknollen gewonnen werden konnten. Die Untersuchungen werden fortgesetzt.
Résumé Les virus M (PVM), S (PVS), X (PVX) et Y (PVY) sont isolés à partir de plantes de pommes de terre (Solanum tuberosum cvs Adema, Malacsinka, Mona Lisa, Romano et Rosalie) présentant des sympt?mes de taches nécrotiques annulaires. Les virus sont identifiés à l'aide d'h?tes différentiels, de la microscopie électronique, de la sérologie et de tests de protection croisée. Les tubercules examinés présentent des taches nettement visibles de nécroses annulaires (fig. 1). A partir des tubercules nécrosés et des plantes, trois virus (PVM, PVS, et PVY) sont isolés pour tous les cultivars à l'exception de cv. Malacsinka pour lequel PVX est également isolé (tabl. 2). Les sympt?mes révélés sur les plantes tests (tabl. 3) indiquent que les virus isolés à partir des plantes présentant des sympt?mes de nécroses annulaires sur tubercules sont PVM, PVS, PVX et PVY. Les virus du Mop-Top de la pomme de terre, du rattle du tabac, de la nécrose du tabac et des taches noires en anneau de la tomate n'ont pu être isolés d'aucune des plantes malades. Puisque PVM et PVS peuvent être isolés de plantes de pommes de terre ne présentant pas de sympt?mes, ces deux virus ne peuvent être directement responsables des sympt?mes de taches nécrotiques annulaires sur tubercules (TNRD). Cependant, une relation étroite entre TNRD et la contamination par PVY est établie, puisque ce virus peut être isolé de toutes les plantes présentant des sympt?mes de TNRD. Le tableau 4 regroupe les caractéristiques de quel-ques cultures pures de PVY isolées à partir de tubercules, feuilles et racines et semblables à celles trouvées dans différentes plantes h?tes. Les sympt?mes typiques surNicotiana debneyi (fig. 2) etN. tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc, ainsi que surSolanum demissum-A6-hybride laissent à penser que l'agent responsable est une souche nécrotique des nervures du tabac de PVY (PVYR, voir fig. 3). Il est difficile de conclure de fa?on définitive, quant à l'étiologie de la maladie des taches nécrotiques annulaires, car PVYR peut être également isolé de tubercules ne présentant aucun sympt?me. Des études axées sur l'étiologie de TNRD sont en cours.相似文献
18.
The ultrastructure of Katahdin tubers infected with potato virus X (PVX) is compared with PVX-free tubers by electron microscopy. Electron-dense globules surrounding the inner periphery of the tonoplast were observed in PVX-infected tubers, while PVX-free tubers did not show such bodies. Other organelles were comparable in PVX-infected and PVX-free tubers 相似文献
19.
将来源于国际马铃薯中心 (InternationalPotatoCenter ,ClP)PVX病毒毒源接种至烟草上 ,对表现明显症状的烟草叶片提取马铃薯病毒X (PVX)总RNA ,人工合成引物P1、P2 ,通过RT PCR扩增合成PVX cp的cDNA ,井将其克隆到pGEM T载体上。经限制酶谱分析后进行全序列测定 ,结果表明 :该基因由 714个核苷酸组成 ,编码 2 38个氨基酸 ,与文献 (分别来源于亚洲、非洲和欧洲 )报道的 4个 pVX cp基因相比同源性为 81%～ 95 % ,其编码的氨基酸同源性均在 90 %以上。说明PVX cp具有较高的保守性。用内切酶将PVX cp基因自克隆载体 pGEM切下 ,定向插入到表达质粒 pBV2 2 0的启动子Pr、Pl的下游 ,构建了该基因的原核表达载体pBV pvx ,为进行该基因的原核表达和抗血清的制备奠定了基础。 相似文献
20.
Summary A clone ofSolanum berthaultii P.I. 265858 was not systemically infected when manually inoculated with isolates of PVX groups 1 to 3 but developed top-necrosis
when grafted-inoculated, demonstrating it is hypersensitive. Plants sap- or graft-inoculated with an isolated of PVX group
4 or with PVXHB (a recently-discovered strain overcoming all reported sources of resistance to PVX) were infected systematically. The plants
were extremely sensitive to these isolates, young leaves becoming necrotic and the plant dying within a few weeks and, whilst
still alive, plants contained little virus and were a poor source of infection. These characteristics suggest that this clone
could provide a means of breeding cultivars that would be protected against all known strains of PVX. 相似文献