首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
omega-3 Fatty acids have numerous health benefits, but their addition to foods is limited by oxidative rancidity. Spray-drying tuna oil-in-water emulsion droplets with a coating of lecithin and chitosan multilayer system could produce emulsion droplet interfacial membranes that are cationic and thick, both factors that can help control lipid oxidation. Physicochemical and oxidative stability of the spray-dried emulsions were determined as a function of storage temperature and relative humidity (RH). The combination of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and mixed tocopherols was able to increase the oxidative stability of dried emulsions. Lipid oxidation was more rapid during storage at low relative humidity (11% and 33% compared to 52% RH). At high moisture, physical modifications in the sample were observed, including reduced dispersibility and formation of brown pigments. Sugar crystallization or Maillard products produced at the higher humidities may have inhibited oxidation. Overall, spray-dried tuna oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by lecithin-chitosan membranes were more oxidatively stable than bulk oils and thus have excellent potential as an omega-3 fatty acid ingredient for functional foods.  相似文献   

2.
Flaxseed oil was emulsified in whey protein isolate (WPI) and spray-dried. Powder characteristics and oxidative stability of oil at relative humidities (RH) from RH approximately 0% to RH 91% at 37 degrees C were analyzed. Oil droplets retained their forms in drying and reconstitution, but the original droplet size of the emulsion was not restored when the powder was dispersed in water. The particles seemed to be covered by a protein-rich surface layer as analyzed by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). Oxidation of flaxseed oil dispersed in the WPI matrix was retarded from that of bulk oil but followed the same pattern as bulk oil with respect to humidity. A high rate of oxidation was found for both low and high humidity conditions. The lowest rate of oxidation as followed by peroxide values was found at RH 75%, a condition that is likely to diverge significantly from the monolayer moisture value. A weak baseline transition observed for the WPI matrix in a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermogram suggested a glassy state of the matrix at all storage conditions. This was not consistent with the observed caking of the powder at RH 91%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed a considerable structural change in the WPI matrix in these conditions, which was suggested to be linked with a higher rate of oxygen transport. Possible mechanisms for oxygen transport in the whey protein matrix under variable RHs are discussed.  相似文献   

3.
土壤水吸力对控释尿素养分释放特征的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
王苓  张民  刘之广  刘备  李涛  耿计彪 《土壤学报》2017,54(2):434-443
为探究不同土壤水吸力对控释尿素养分释放的影响,根据供试壤质砂土的水分特征曲线设置了6种不同土壤水吸力的处理,采用25℃恒温土壤模拟实验,测定土壤中控释尿素的养分释放特征。结果表明,土壤水吸力为0 k Pa时恒温土壤培养法与静水浸提法测得的控释尿素养分释放特征无显著差异。土壤水吸力为75 k Pa、30 k Pa和0 k Pa的3个处理,测定的土壤孔隙中空气相对湿度均为95%以上,土壤水汽饱和,释放期基本相同,表明在不考虑水分流动及养分扩散状况影响时,土壤水分条件已不再是影响控释尿素养分释放的主要因素。土壤水吸力525 k Pa和260 k Pa(土壤孔隙中空气相对湿度分别为84%和91%)时释放期分别为416.4 d和120.0 d,相对于土壤水饱和时释放期(63.6 d)的相对相差分别为146.8%和59.1%,远超过《控释肥料》行业标准规定的允许差(20%),表明控释尿素的释放率和释放期受到土壤水吸力过高的抑制。土壤水吸力大小直接影响土壤孔隙空气湿度的饱和与否,土壤水吸力对控释尿素养分释放的影响通过土壤水汽作用于肥料颗粒实现。  相似文献   

4.
贮藏时间和温度对蓝莓花色苷微胶囊品质的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
为了探究贮藏时间和温度对蓝莓花色苷微胶囊品质的影响,确定适宜的贮藏条件,该文研究微胶囊在?18、4和25℃下,贮藏6个月期间品质的变化。结果表明,以乳清蛋白联合多糖为壁材的微胶囊能确保贮藏期间花色苷被高效包封。贮藏期间微胶囊品质的下降可能是因分子间相互作用力减弱所致。贮藏3~4月间,微胶囊玻璃态转化温度出现大幅下降(P0.05),粉体稳定性变差。与其他贮藏温度相比,?18℃下贮藏可抑制微胶囊分子间相互作用力的减弱,使其具有更高的包埋产率(P0.05)和释放率(P0.05),保留更多的花色苷(P0.05)和其他酚类物质(P0.05)从而增强抗氧化活性(P0.05)。因此,花色苷微胶囊较适宜的贮藏时间为3个月,贮藏温度为?18℃。研究结果可为微胶囊的贮藏和应用提供理论依据。  相似文献   

5.
摘要：为解决碾后白米抛光时碎米多的问题,该研究以碾后的白米为原料,研究温度、相对湿度以及含水率对白米形变消除时间的影响规律,采用二次旋转组合试验方法设计试验,对照了白米形变消除后抛光与碾后直接抛光的整精米率。用EXCEL软件和SAS软件处理数据,建立相关数学方程。结果表明：含水率、环境温度和相对湿度对形变消除时间影响显著;白米消除形变后抛光的整精米率明显高于直接抛光的整精米率。所建数学模型对碾后白米形变消除具有指导作用。  相似文献   

6.
The kinetics of degradation and surface color changes of beta-carotene encapsulated in a polymeric matrix (PVP-40) and its relationship with physical changes (manifested as structural collapse) of the matrix were studied during storage of samples at several water activities at constant temperature. The degradation rate constants obtained decreased with an increase in the relative humidity (RH) of the storage atmosphere. Beta-carotene losses were observed mainly at RHs below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the corresponding systems, and the lower degradation constant rates were observed under conditions where the matrices were fully plasticized (i.e., rubbery) and collapsed (RH, 64 and 75%). An inverse correlation was observed between collapse and degradation rate constants. The results presented here indicated that the molecular mobility of the matrix is not rate limiting for the degradation of beta-carotene. Factors such as microstructure and porosity of the polymeric matrix may be more important as modifiers of kinetic reactions. Surface color was not a sensitive indicator of beta-carotene retention, because it was mostly affected by the degree of matrix hydration and collapse phenomena.  相似文献   

7.
内蒙古库布齐沙漠四翅滨藜叶水势研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
2006年5-9月.采用PSYPRO露点水势仪和稳态气孔计Li-1600,在库布齐沙漠测定了从美国引种的四翅滨藜的叶水势和蒸腾速率的日、月动态变化,并与同期测定的杨柴、白刺的叶水势进行了比较,旨在为这一优良灌木树种的推广及管理提供理论依据.结果表明:四翅滨藜叶水势在月和9月的较高,生长最旺盛的6-8月较低;一天中,叶水势与气温和太阳辐射强度呈负相关,与大气相对湿度成显著正相关.气温与大气相对湿度的综合作用对叶水势影响显著:在低温高湿时,叶水势最高;在低温低湿和高温高湿时,叶水势均较低;在高温低湿时,叶水势维持在相对较高的水平.在相同条件下,四翅滨藜的叶水势较杨柴和白刺的要低,表明它从干旱土壤中吸收水分的能力比另外两者更强.  相似文献   

8.
壳聚糖和抗坏血酸复合处理提高台湾青枣采后保鲜效果   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
为了延长台湾青枣(Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.)的采后保鲜时间,基于抗坏血酸(ascorbic acid,As A)可提高果实抗氧化能力,壳聚糖涂膜处理能防止果实失水和微生物侵染,该文探讨抗坏血酸、壳聚糖涂膜及抗坏血酸和壳聚糖复合处理对台湾青枣(Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.)采后保鲜效果的影响.果实采收后当天,分别用30.0mmol/L抗坏血酸浸泡处理、8g/L壳聚糖涂膜以及30.0mmol/L抗坏血酸浸泡后并用8g/L壳聚糖涂膜复合处理,以双蒸水浸泡处理为对照,处理结束后,置于(25±1)℃和90%~95%相对湿度下贮藏,定期测定果实相关生理参数,扫描电镜观察果皮果实组织结构.结果表明,与对照相比,抗坏血酸或壳聚糖单独处理虽然对台湾青枣保鲜有一定效果,但复合处理后保鲜效果更好.表现为显著减少果实失水率和相对电导率(P<0.05),抑制果皮叶绿素降解及果实果胶酶和多聚半乳糖醛酸酶活性增加,降低原果胶分解成可溶性果胶的速率(P<0.05),使果实硬度和细胞完整性得以维持;延缓果实超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)活性下降,降低膜脂氧化速率,果实过氧化氢和膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛含量显著下降(P<0.05);维持果实较高的可溶性固形物(total soluble solids,SS)、可溶性总糖(total soluble sugar,TSS)、可滴定酸(titratable acidity,TA)、谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)及抗坏血酸含量.研究结果说明,抗坏血酸和壳聚糖复合处理可提高台湾青枣贮藏过程中的抗氧化能力,降低氧化伤害;降低果实失水率,减缓果皮叶绿素降解速率,延缓细胞降解和软化速率,维持果实细胞完整性,降低果实的腐烂率,从而达到延长采后果实保鲜的效果.  相似文献   

9.
The effects of the addition of amino acids and peptides on the oxidation of eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (EPE) encapsulated by maltodextrin (MD) were investigated. The encapsulated lipid was prepared in two steps, that is, by mixing of EPE with MD solutions (+/-amino acids and peptides) to produce emulsions and freeze-drying of the resultant emulsions. The addition of amino acids and peptides improved the oxidation stability of EPE encapsulated with MD, and the inhibition of lipid oxidation by the amino acids and peptides was more effective at 70% relative humidity (RH). Met, Arg, and Trp were effective amino acids for antioxidation at RH = 10 and 40%, whereas at RH = 70%, His was the most effective amino acid, preventing the oxidation of EPE almost perfectly. Carnosine also exhibited a strong antioxidant effect at RH = 70%, but the effect of anserine was inferior. The addition of Met + Trp or Met + Arg inhibited the oxidation of EPE encapsulated with MD at RH = 40%. Cys accelerated the oxidation of EPE, indicating that the thiyl radical may act as a pro-oxidant. No close relationship was observed between the radical scavenging abilities of amino acids and peptides measured in the aqueous diphenylpicrylhydrazyl solution and their antioxidative effects in the powdery system. It is possible that the radical-scavenging ability of amino acids and peptides detected by ESR in the powder system is responsible for the antioxidative activity of these compounds.  相似文献   

10.
水汽相变技术与湿法烟气脱硫系统(wet flue gas desulfurization,WFGD)结合可有效控制细颗粒物排放,脱硫净烟气所能达到的过饱和度直接影响细颗粒物脱除效果,而烟气过饱和度取决于脱硫净烟气温湿度和水蒸气添加量。因而脱硫净烟气温湿度变化特性研究可为WFGD系统中应用水汽相变促进细颗粒物脱除提供依据,对于优化湿法脱硫操作条件、估算水蒸气添加量以及实现低能耗高效脱除细颗粒物具有重要意义。该文基于石灰石-石膏法脱硫工艺,试验考察了脱硫塔进口烟气温湿度、空塔气速、液气比、脱硫液温度等操作条件以及脱硫塔类型对脱硫净烟气温湿度的影响。结果表明,空塔气速由2.5 m/s提高至2.9 m/s可使脱硫净烟气相对湿度和绝对湿度分别由88%、82.2 g/kg先急剧降低至52%、57.3 g/kg,随后趋于相对平缓;液气比由5 L/m~3增至20 L/m~3有利于提高脱硫净烟气的相对湿度和绝对湿度,可分别由39%、46.4 g/kg提高至91%、84.3 g/kg,但相对湿度的增幅明显高于绝对湿度增幅;脱硫净烟气的相对湿度、绝对湿度及温度均随脱硫液温度升高而迅速提高,液气比为15 L/m3时,脱硫液温度由25℃升至60℃可使脱硫净烟气相对湿度、绝对湿度、温度分别由54%、25.9 g/kg、42℃提高至85%、98.5 g/kg、56℃,但脱硫液温度升至40℃后,脱硫净烟气的相对湿度趋于平缓;脱硫液温度保持不变时,提高塔进口烟气温度可使脱硫净烟气的绝对湿度和温度先明显增加,随后趋于平缓,而相对湿度随塔进口烟温提高稍有降低;并且不同的脱硫塔型对脱硫净烟气温湿度也有影响,液气比为5 L/m3时,经湍球塔、旋流板塔、喷淋塔脱硫后的净烟气相对湿度分别为90%、91%、44%。该研究结果为湿法烟气脱硫系统的应用提供参考。  相似文献   

11.
Water sorption, water vapor permeability, and tensile properties were evaluated for zein films plasticized with oleic acid. The effect of relative humidity on water vapor permeability and tensile properties of films was investigated. Samples were produced by two different methods: casting from a zein solution and stretching from a zein-fatty acid resin. Films were also coated with linseed oil. Results indicated that preparation method affected water sorption and permeability of zein films. Resin films showed lower water sorption than cast films, especially at high Aw values. Water vapor permeability was also lower for resin films. Coating with linseed oil further improved water vapor barrier ability of resin films. Permeability was affected by environmental relative humidity; higher relative humidity resulted in increased permeability. Environmental relative humidity also affected tensile properties of resin films. Toughness and elongation were improved when relative humidity increased from 50 to 85% rh. Tensile strength showed a maximum at 75% rh. Coating improved elongation and toughness of films. Maximum elongation and toughness were observed for coated samples at 85% rh. Zein resin films showed good tensile and water barrier properties that were maintained through environmental humidity levels from 50 to 98% rh.  相似文献   

12.
湿帘-风机系统对北京育肥猪舍的降温效果   总被引：2，自引：4，他引：2  
北京市夏季高温将对猪的生产造成严重影响,夏季猪舍环境温度控制尤为重要。该试验研究比较了湿帘-风机和单纯风机在北京猪舍的降温效果,设计了风机风量测量系统并实测了猪舍通风量,每天定时分别测定两猪舍内温度、湿度、风速和舍外温、湿度并进行比较分析。结果表明:试验期间,湿帘-风机猪舍和单纯风机舍6个断面风速范围分别为0.51~0.84和0.51~0.68 m/s,整体风速差异不显著(P0.05)。湿帘-风机舍舍内温度显著低于单纯风机舍(P0.05),湿帘-风机舍和单纯风机舍舍内温度高于30.0℃的小时数占比分别为5.0%和20.2%。湿帘-风机舍同一时刻断面1(湿帘端)温度低于断面6(风机端)温度0.4~2.2℃,单纯风机舍各时刻不同断面的温度差异不显著(P0.05)。单纯风机舍内的猪只呼吸频率均显著高于湿帘-风机舍内呼吸频率3.82次/min(12:00)和3.05次/min(14:00)(P0.05)。湿帘-风机舍降温系统日用水量为1.20~6.27 m~3。北京地区猪舍使用湿帘-风机系统降温效果优于单纯风机降温效果,但湿帘-风机降温将耗用一定水资源。  相似文献   

13.
控释尿素养分速测及在田间土壤中氮素释放率研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
介绍了一种树脂包膜尿素工厂在线质检的养分速测方法,即,100℃快速浸提对二甲氨基苯甲醛分光光度法,建立了该方法与缓释肥料国家标准(GB/T23348-2009)中规定的25℃静水浸提凯氏定氮法测定结果之间的相关关系,验证了该速测方法预测计算肥料养分释放期的可行性;将控释尿素施用于田间土壤,实时监测土壤的温湿度状况,对比了控释尿素在25℃水与田间土壤中的氮素累积释放趋势。结果表明:(1)100℃浸提对二甲氨基苯甲醛分光光度法可以准确的预测树脂包膜尿素在25℃下的养分释放率和养分释放期。应用此法测定预测样品S1和S2的养分释放期的误差分别只有0.10d和1.75d,相对误差不超过2.3%。(2)控释尿素S1、S3分别在25℃水中与田间耕层土壤(75%相对含水量)中的氮素释放趋势基本一致。25℃静水与耕层土壤的温差(5℃)较小,不足以引起肥料在两介质中氮素累积释放率的显著差异。  相似文献   

14.
The influence of geometric factors on the water release from artificial aggregates and growth of rye-seedlings Rye-sprouts were cultivated in pots on artificial aggregates of different sizes, but with altogether equal water contents in all variants, at high and low relative humidity. In the course of the experiment, growth of plants and delivery of water were measured. At the end of the experiment, dry- and fresh-matter of roots and sprouts as well as distribution of water within the aggregates were determined. With decreasing aggregate size growth and beginning of fading were accelerated. At low relative humidity the production of dry-matter was higher in case of smaller aggregates compared to larger ones. Delivery of water increased with decreasing aggregate size. The change in water content from the border of the aggregate towards the centre can be expressed as a straight line. The slope of the line increases with decreasing aggregate size. The slopes are modified by the influence of plants and climatic conditions. The water is extracted to a content lower than the permanent wilting point. This is more pronounced with small aggregates and a high evaporative demand.  相似文献   

15.
Corn gluten meal (CGM) was studied to investigate the effect plasticizers and water have on its melt processing, and how this melting affects its mechanical properties. GCM containing varying amounts of water were mixed with 23% (w/w) plasticizers; (glycerol, triethylene glycol (TEG), dibutyl tartrate, and octanoic acid in a Haake bowl mixer at 80°C. The amount of water in the CGM affected the amount of torque produced in the Haake mixer. This increase in torque was correlated with how well the CGM melted in the mixer. SEM images of CGM melted in the mixer showed a more uniform homogenous structure when processed at its optimum moisture content. Glycerol, TEG, and dibutyl tartrate produced the greatest torque when the CGM contained <1% water. Octanoic acid produced the greatest torque when the CGM was processed at 8% moisture. CGM plasticized with TEG and octanoic acid were mixed at either their optimum moisture or at 9.6% moisture and then compression molded into tensile bars. The tensile strengths of the bars that were mixed at their optimum moisture content were significantly greater than the bars mixed at 9.6% moisture. The tensile properties of the CGM samples were affected by relative humidity (rh). The tensile strength decreased and elongation increased as relative humidity increased. CGM plasticized with TEG saw a greater changes in its tensile properties due to relative humidity than did octanoic acid plasticized CGM.  相似文献   

16.
相对湿度作为干燥介质的重要参数,对干燥热质传质过程和干燥品质具有显著影响。但由于相对湿度对干燥过程的影响机理及优化调控机制尚不明确,导致相对湿度的调控方式多依靠经验,造成干燥效率低、品质差、能耗高等问题。对于传质过程,降低相对湿度能够增大对流传质系数,加快物料表面水分蒸发;而对于传热过程,升高相对湿度能够增大对流传热系数,加快物料升温速率。相对湿度较高时,物料升温速率快,内部水分迁移量增大,但表面水分蒸发量较小;而当相对湿度较低时,物料升温速率较慢,内部水分迁移量较小,但表面水分蒸发量较大。相对传热和传质过程的影响此消彼长,互相耦合。高相对湿度主要体现为对传热过程的影响,低相对湿度主要体现为对传质过程的影响。高相对湿度能够抑制物料表面的结壳,并能够提高复水性,降低收缩率。阶段降湿及多阶段降湿干燥方式下物料表面形成和保持了蜂窝状多孔结构,能够提高干燥效率和品质。基于监测物料温度的相对湿度调控方式被验证为较忧的相对湿度控制方式。阶段降湿干燥方式适用性的实质为：干燥过程中所体现出的对流传热热阻和内部导热热阻的相对大小,及对流传质阻力和内部传质阻力的相对大小,不同干燥条件和物料种类、厚度会影响以上传热传质阻力的大小,从而呈现出不同适应性的结果。当阶段降湿干燥过程中传热毕渥数>1且传热毕渥数>0.1时,说明阶段降湿干燥过程适用于此物料的干燥。该文综合论述了相对湿度对果蔬热风干燥过程中热质传递及干燥品质的影响,优化调控策略及适用性范围4个方面内容,明确了果蔬热风干燥过程中相对湿度的影响机理,为相对湿度的优化调控提供理论依据和技术支持。  相似文献   

17.
以黄瓜品种"博新525"(Boxin525)为试材,设置4个土壤水分处理,即正常灌溉CK(土壤相对湿度为70%~80%)、轻度胁迫T1(土壤相对湿度为60%~70%)、中度胁迫T2(土壤相对湿度为50%~60%)、重度胁迫T3(土壤相对湿度为35%~45%),利用LI-6400便携式光合仪测定不同水分处理下黄瓜叶片的光响应曲线,采用直角双曲线、非直角双曲线、指数和叶子飘等4种光响应模型对黄瓜叶片光响应过程进行模拟,运用统计方法进行模拟效果评价,以探讨水分胁迫对黄瓜叶片光响应过程的影响。结果表明:(1)水分胁迫导致黄瓜叶片净光合速率(Pn)下降,当光合有效辐射PAR(photosynthetically active radiation)为800μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)时,T1、T2和T3处理叶片Pn分别比CK下降17.92%、26.49%和50.00%。实测与模拟的光响应曲线对水分胁迫的响应趋势一致,随着胁迫程度增加,Pn-PAR曲线变化幅度减小。(2)水分胁迫显著影响黄瓜叶片的光响应曲线参数。4种模型模拟的叶片初始量子效率均随胁迫加重呈先升高后降低的变化趋势;叶片暗呼吸速率以T2处理最高;4种模型计算的T1、T2和T3处理叶片光饱和点平均值较CK分别下降24.28%、31.99%和38.33%,叶片最大净光合速率平均值分别降低23.88%、33.19%和55.78%。(3)CK处理的黄瓜叶片光响应曲线模拟值偏离程度及光响应曲线参数的平均相对误差均最低,水分胁迫降低了黄瓜叶片光响应曲线的模拟效果。(4)4种模型模拟效果以叶子飘模型最佳,其后依次为指数模型、非直角双曲线模型、直角双曲线模型。研究认为水分胁迫显著影响黄瓜叶片的光响应过程,降低黄瓜叶片的光合能力。  相似文献   

18.
The formation of acrylamide was investigated in model systems based on asparagine and glucose under low moisture Maillard reaction conditions as a function of reaction temperature, time, physical state, water activity, and glass transition temperature. Equimolar amorphous glucose/asparagine systems with different water activities were prepared by freeze drying and were shown to quickly move to the rubbery state already at room temperature and a water activity of above 0.15. The acrylamide amounts were correlated with physical changes occurring during the reaction. Pyrolysis and kinetics of acrylamide release in amorphous and crystalline glucose/asparagine models indicated the importance of the physical state in acrylamide formation. In amorphous systems, acrylamide was generated in higher concentrations and at lower temperatures as compared to the crystalline samples. Time and temperature are covariant parameters in both systems affecting the acrylamide formation by thermal processes. On the other side, the water activity and glass transition temperature do not seem to be critical parameters for acrylamide formation in the systems studied.  相似文献   

19.
A new method for encapsulation of micronutrients was successfully developed. The encapsulation matrix consisted of two polymers (alginate and chitosan), which were functionalized by acylation with palmitoyl chloride. The structural modifications of polymers were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Beads were formed by ionic gelation, and their mechanical and physical characteristics (puncture strength and deformation, viscoelasticity, water vapor permeability, and rate of gel swelling) were evaluated using beads or films made of bead-forming solutions. Functionalization increased elasticity and water impermeability of polymer films. Stability of selected encapsulated micronutrients (ferrous fumarate, ascorbic acid, and beta-carotene) was also evaluated under two levels of temperature (23 and 45 degrees C) and relative humidity (56 and 100%) for 6 months. Encapsulation strongly increased the stability of micronutrients. No difference was observed in the encapsulated micronutrients' stability between nonfunctionalized and functionalized beads. Finally, a release study in gastrointestinal media was conducted. Results showed that beads were not susceptible to enzymatic and acidic attacks during stomach transit. This research demonstrates the potential of a new encapsulation method to protect bioactive molecules from temperature, moisture, and acidic conditions.  相似文献   

20.
The formation of odor active compounds resulting from initial lipid oxidation in sunflower oil-in-water emulsions was examined during storage at 60 degrees C. The emulsions differed in initial pH, that is, pH 3 and 6. The volatile compounds were isolated under mouth conditions and were analyzed by gas chromatography/sniffing port analysis. The lipid oxidation rate was followed by the formation of conjugated hydroperoxide dienes and headspace hexanal. The initial pH affected the lipid oxidation rate in the emulsions: the formation of conjugated diene hydroperoxides and the hexanal concentration in the static headspace were increased at pH 6. Pentanal, hexanal, 3-pentanol, and 1-octen-3-one showed odor activity in the emulsions after 6 days of storage, for both pH 3 and 6. Larger amounts of odor active compounds were released from the pH 6 emulsion with extended storage. It was shown that this increased release at pH 6 was not due to increased volatility because an increase in pH diminished the static headspace concentrations of added compounds in emulsions.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号