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笔者以日本落叶松二代优树嫁接苗为对象,对嫁接成活率和嫁接苗生长情况进行调查分析,结果表明:二代优树嫁接成活率平均值为36.40%;无性系间嫁接成活率和生长量差异较大,无性系内各单株生长差异大,变异系数最大达到72.49%;家系间嫁接成活率存在极显著差异,生长量差异不显著;第3 a生主梢长度与2 a苗高存在极显著正相关,用2 a苗高对第3 a苗高生长进行校正后发现家系间第3 a苗高生长存在显著差异;不同树龄母树穗条的嫁接成活率及嫁接后苗木生长情况均存在极显著差异,采穗母树年龄为10～12 a的嫁接苗嫁接成活率、苗高和地径生长量均大于采穗母树年龄为14～17,18～20 a的嫁接苗。 相似文献
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试验研究了“银辉紫叶”紫薇在沧州盐碱地的生长势、生长量、成活率、物候期、观赏性状和病虫害发生情况等。结果表明:“银辉紫叶”紫薇的引种成活率为100%,地径年均生长量0.65cm,株高年均生长量71cm,色叶期220d,花期121d,未见病虫害发生。综合生长表现可以评定,“银辉紫叶”紫薇在沧州盐碱地区具有良好的适应性,研究结果可为进一步推广应用提供参考。 相似文献
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摘要：笔者以日本落叶松二代优树嫁接苗为对象,对嫁接成活率和嫁接苗生长情况进行调查分析,结果表明：二代优树嫁接成活率平均值为36.40%;无性系间嫁接成活率和生长量差异较大,无性系内各单株生长差异大,变异系数最大达到72.49%;家系间嫁接成活率存在极显著差异,生长量差异不显著;第3 a生主梢长度与2 a苗高存在极显著正相关,用2 a苗高对第3 a苗高生长进行校正后发现家系间第3 a苗高生长存在显著差异;不同树龄母树穗条的嫁接成活率及嫁接后苗木生长情况均存在极显著差异,采穗母树年龄为10～12 a的嫁接苗嫁接成活率、苗高和地径生长量均大于采穗母树年龄为14～17,18～20 a的嫁接苗。 相似文献
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以南亚松(Pinus latteri)种子园嫁接无性系为研究对象,分析南亚松无性系的成活率和生长性状,为南亚松种质资源保存、种子园营建及良种选育提供参考。结果表明,南亚松种子园不同种源的无性系成活率在28%～88%之间,平均58.5%。海南和越南种源无性系的平均成活率高于防城港。3个种源南亚松嫁接株的平均接穗高生长量、接穗径生长量、冠幅和主干分枝数分别为91 cm、31.32 mm、73 cm和5,不同指标间均呈极显著正相关(P 0.01)。成活率大于70%的17个无性系间对比分析表明,越南无性系的生长优于海南无性系;多重比较分析表明来自越南的11#和13#无性系生长最优。 相似文献
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为丰富成都地区彩叶树种资源,于2009年12月在成都崇州羊马引种美国红枫、北美枫香、北美海棠、紫叶矮樱、紫叶加拿大紫荆5个彩叶树种,对其成活率、生长势、生长量、物候、观赏性状和病虫害发生情况等进行了观察分析。结果表明,5种彩叶树种的引种成活率为80%～100%,地径年均生长量为0.4～0.9 cm,树高年均生长量为32～83 cm,冠幅年均生长量为15～76 cm,最佳色叶观赏期为49～150天,色叶期为90～282天和有叶期为258～303天,病虫害发生率为9%～95%。其中美国红枫、北美枫香、北美海棠和紫叶加拿大紫荆4个彩叶树种在崇州羊马综合生长表现较好,适应性较强,可作为适宜栽培的彩叶树种;紫叶矮樱生长速度最慢,病虫害发生率最高,达95%,不适宜在崇州羊马引种栽培。 相似文献
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We studied the response of nodal segments of Eucalyptus microtheca F.J. Muell. to salt stress in a tissue culture system. Three clones of Eucalyptus microtheca (37, 42 and 43) were grown in vitro under saline conditions (0-140 mM NaCl) for three months. The survival of all three clones decreased with increasing concentrations of NaCl in the medium, but the presence of up to 70 mM NaCl stimulated rooting in Clones 37 and 42. Shoot elongation of Clone 43 was less affected by salt than that of Clones 37 and 42. Leaf growth, expressed as leaf length, was stimulated 40% in Clone 42 and 33% in Clone 43, but was progressively inhibited up to 27% by 70 mM NaCl in Clone 37. Massive accumulation of Na(+) and Cl(-) occurred, especially in Clones 42 and 43 (4000 and 3000 mmol Na(+) kg(DW) (-1), respectively), as the salinity of the culture solution increased, and this was correlated with inhibition of growth. Because of a reduction in the accumulation of K(+) with increasing salinity, the K(+)/Na(+) ratio decreased from a control value of 4.5 to 0.14 in shoots grown in the presence of 140 mM NaCl. The development of techniques for selecting seedlings by monitoring the physiology of shoots in vitro instead of testing whole plants in vivo will provide a relatively simple method of selection for woody trees. 相似文献
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Spatial distributions of leaf characteristics relevant to photosynthesis were compared within high-density coppice canopies of Populus spp. of contrasting genetic origin. We studied three clones representative of the range in growth potential, leaf morphology, coppice and canopy structure: Clone Hoogvorst (Hoo) (Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray x Populus deltoides Bartr. & Marsh), Clone Fritzi Pauley (Fri) (Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray) and Clone Wolterson (Wol) (Populus nigra L.). Leaf area index ranged from 2.7 (Fri and Wol) to 3.8 (Hoo). The clones exhibited large vertical variation in leaf area density (0.02-1.42 m2 m-3). Leaf dry mass per unit leaf area (DM(A)) increased with increasing light in Clones Hoo and Fri, from about 56 g m-2 at the bottom of the canopy to 162 g m-2 at the top. In Clone Wol, DM(A) varied only from 65 to 100 g m-2, with no consistent relationship with respect to light. Conversely, nitrogen concentration on a mass basis was nearly constant (around 1.3-2.1%) within the canopies of Clones Hoo and Fri, but increased strongly with light in Clone Wol, from 1.4% at the bottom of the canopy to 4.1% at the top. As a result, nitrogen per unit leaf area (N(A)) increased with light in the canopies of all clones, from 0.9 g m-2 at the bottom to 2.9 g m-2 at the top. Although a single linear relationship described the dependence of maximum carboxylation rate (17-93 micromol CO2 m-2 s-1) or electron transport capacity (45-186 micromol electrons m-2 s-1) on N(A), for all clones, Clone Wol differed from Clones Hoo and Fri by exhibiting a higher dark respiration rate at low N(A) (1.8 versus 0.8 micromol CO2 m-2 s-1). 相似文献
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海滨湿地杨树、柳树新无性系苗期耐盐性研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在海滨湿地分别4个盐度梯度，12种杨树、柳树新无性系田间扦插试验结果表明：在苗期，不同杨树、柳树无性系的成活率、保存率、生长量等均与土壤含盐量呈负相关；在出苗期的耐盐能力，1-74杨、1-69杨可达0．241％，35杨为0．188％，J30-16、J35-13、J4-34、J31-17柳为0．089％，其余5个柳树无性系均在0．060％以下；在苗木生长期，其耐盐极限分别为0．343％，0．333％和0．201％。 相似文献
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Rooted cuttings from three aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) clones (216, 271 and 259, classified as high, intermediate and low in O(3) tolerance, respectively) were exposed to either diurnal O(3) profiles simulating those of Michigan's Lower Peninsula (episodic treatments), or diurnal square-wave O(3) treatments in open-top chambers in northern Michigan, USA. Ozone was dispensed in chambers ventilated with charcoal-filtered (CF) air. In addition, seedlings were compared to rooted cuttings in their response to episodic O(3) treatments. Early in the season, O(3) caused decreased photosynthetic rates in mature leaves of all clones, whereas only the photosynthetic rates of recently mature leaves of the O(3)-sensitive Clone 259 decreased in response to O(3) exposure. During midseason, O(3) caused decreased photosynthetic rates of both recently mature and mature leaves of the O(3)-sensitive Clone 259, but it had no effect on the photosynthetic rate of recently mature leaves of the O(3)-tolerant Clone 216. Late in the season, however, photosynthetic rates of both recently mature and mature leaves of Clone 216 were lower than those of the control plants maintained in CF air. Ozone decreased the photosynthetic rate of mature leaves of Clone 271, but it increased or had no effect on the photosynthetic rate of recently mature leaves. Photosynthetic response patterns of seedlings to O(3) treatment were similar to those of the clones, but total magnitude of the response was less, perhaps reflecting the diverse genotypes of the seedling population. Early leaf abscission was observed in all clones exposed to O(3); however, Clones 216 and 259 lost more leaf area than Clone 271. By late August, leaf area in the highest O(3) treatment had decreased relative to the controls by 26, 24 and 9% for Clones 216, 259 and 271, respectively. Ozone decreased whole-tree photosynthesis in all clones, and the decrease was consistently less in Clone 271 (23%) than in Clones 216 (56%) and 259 (56%), and was accompanied by declines in total biomass of 19, 28 and 47%, respectively. The relationship between biomass and whole-tree photosynthesis indicates that the negative impact of O(3) on biomass in the clones was determined largely by lower photosynthetic productivity of the foliage, rather than by potential changes in the carbon relations of other plant organs. 相似文献
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Riikonen J Lindsberg MM Holopainen T Oksanen E Lappi J Peltonen P Vapaavuori E 《Tree physiology》2004,24(11):1227-1237
We studied the effects of elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide ([CO2]) and ozone ([O3]) on growth, biomass allocation and leaf area of field-grown O3-tolerant (Clone 4) and O3-sensitive clones (Clone 80) of European silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) trees during 1999-2001. Seven-year-old trees of Clones 4 and 80 growing outside in open-top chambers were exposed for 3 years to the following treatments: outside control (OC); chamber control (CC); 2 x ambient [CO2] (EC); 2 x ambient [O3] (EO); and 2 x ambient [CO2] + 2 x ambient [O3] (EC+EO). When the results for the two clones were analyzed together, elevated [CO2] increased tree growth and biomass, but had no effect on biomass allocation. Total leaf area increased and leaf abscission was delayed in response to elevated [CO2]. Elevated [O3] decreased dry mass of roots and branches and mean leaf size and induced earlier leaf abscission in the autumn; otherwise, the effects of elevated [O3] were small across the clones. However, there were significant interactions between elevated [CO2] and elevated [O3]. When results for the clones were analyzed separately, stem diameter, volume growth and total biomass of Clone 80 were increased by elevated [CO2] and the stimulatory effects of elevated [CO2] on stem volume growth and total leaf area increased during the 3-year study. Clone 80 was unaffected by elevated [O3]. In Clone 4, elevated [O3] decreased root and branch biomass by 38 and 29%, respectively, whereas this clone showed few responses to elevated [CO2]. Elevated [CO2] significantly increased total leaf area in Clone 80 only, which may partly explain the smaller growth responses to elevated [CO2] of Clone 4 compared with Clone 80. Although we observed responses to elevated [O3], the responses to the EC+EO and EC treatments were similar, indicating that the trees only responded to elevated [O3] under ambient [CO2] conditions, perhaps reflecting a greater quantity of carbohydrates available for detoxification and repair in elevated [CO2]. 相似文献
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In order to identify the optimum cutting density for producing the highest number of plantable seedlings of poplar clones,
a split-plot randomized block design was used to establish four cutting densities in plots. Based on data on the survival,
leaf area, seedling height, caliper, and biomass of 1-year-old seedlings of clones Nanlin-95, Nanlin-895, Nanlin-1388 and
NL-80351, the growth characteristics and seedling quality under four cutting densities were analyzed. Results indicated that
the leaf area, stem and leaf biomass, and caliper of seedlings of all four poplar clones increased with the decrease in cutting
density. Leaf area index reached its highest level at the spacing of 40 cm×40 cm, while the aboveground biomass of the seedling
on an area basis increased as the cutting density increased. Seedling quality at low cutting density was higher than that
at closer cutting density. The quantity of first-grade seedlings (grade I) for clones Nanlin-95 and Nanlin-895 was achieved
at the spacing of 40 cm×50 cm; for NL-1388 and NL-80351, it was 50 cm×50 cm. According to the seedling quality and the number
of plantable seedlings produced, the suggested cutting density for these four poplar clones was 50,000 stems/hm2. 相似文献
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对雷州半岛6年生11种桉树无性系的林分生长量、生物量、炭化量进行了研究。结果表明:11种桉树无性系林分蓄积量大小排序为:GL4>GL9>DH32-22>LH5>DH201-2>LH1>M1>EC34>柳桉1>UC184-1>SH7,林分蓄积量最大的GL4是最小的SH7的2.12倍。11种桉树无性系各组分生物量变化不一致,但都以树干的最大,叶片的最小。LH5和GL4的林分生物量最大,均高于180t·hm-2,SH7和UC184-1林分生物量较小,均低于130t·hm-2,其它几种较为平均,在140~170t·hm-2之间。11种桉树无性系炭化量受林分生物量和炭化率影响,林分生物量和炭化率越大,炭化量越大。LH5、DH201-2、LH1和GL4的炭化率较高,均大于20%,UC184-1和SH7的炭化率最低。11种桉树无性系中LH5林分生物量最大,炭化率最高,故炭化量最高;其次为GL4和LH1,其炭化量均高于60t·hm-2,EC34、GL9、柳桉1、M1和DH32-22均大于50 t·hm-2,UC184-1的炭化量低于40 t·hm-2为最低。综合生长量、生物量和炭化率分析,GL4、LH5、GL9和DH32-224个无性系为一类,可作为薪炭林品系发展;LH1、EC34、DH201-2和M14个无性系划分为一类,作为薪炭林发展潜力较低;柳桉1、UC184-1和SH73个无性系为一类,不适合作为薪炭林发展。 相似文献
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以2年生元宝枫当年嫩枝为材料,在全光喷雾条件下,研究了不同外源激素(IBA,NAA和ABT1号生根粉)处理之间、不同元宝枫无性系之间插穗扦插成活率的差异。结果表明,不同种类激素、不同质量浓度处理,以及不同无性系间的成活率和平均插穗单株生根数存在显著差异。ABT1和IBA处理比NAA处理,生根效果更好,最高扦插成活率分别达到71.11%和73.33%,而NAA只有44.45%;在供试的元宝枫11个无性系中,以500mg/LABT1水溶液处理插穗,扦插成活率高于80%的无性系有UR08和W1,扦插成活率介于70%-80%之间无性系有UR07,NM2和NM5,无性系R02,BL07,W2和KM1的成活率在50%-70%之间;无性系R01,R03扦插成活率较低,只有37.63%和33.53%。 相似文献
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Weih M 《Tree physiology》2001,21(15):1141-1148
The hypothesis that fast-growing breeds of willow (Salix spp.) are more sensitive to nutrient and water stress and less efficient in nutrient- and water-use than slower-growing natural willow clones was tested. Cuttings of a natural clone of S. viminalis L. collected in Sweden (L78183) and a hybrid clone of S. schwerinii E. Wolf. x S. viminalis L. ("Tora") were grown outdoors in pots under various experimental conditions in a full-factorial design. The experimental conditions included three fertilization, two irrigation and two temperature regimes. Classical growth analysis techniques, based on an initial and a final harvest, were used as a screening method, together with calculation of intrinsic water-use efficiency (foliar carbon isotope ratio; delta13C). In addition, nitrogen-use efficiency was calculated as the product of nitrogen productivity and mean residence time of nitrogen on an annual basis. There were significant differences in plant structural parameters (leaf area ratio, specific leaf area) and water-use efficiency between the clones. Furthermore, several clone x treatment interaction effects on various growth parameters indicated that the clones adapted to specific environments in different ways. "Tora" plants produced up to 25% more shoot biomass than plants of the natural clone in response to high rates of fertilization and irrigation, whereas clone ranking was reversed in most other treatments. The results support the hypothesis that fast-growing hybrids are more sensitive to nutrient and water stress than slower-growing natural clones. The hypothesis that natural clones have higher resource-use efficiency than fast-growing hybrids was supported with respect to water, but not nitrogen. 相似文献