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1.
从1999年4月开始,我们就开展了体外消化率法在水产饲料配方上应用的研究。通过大量的试验,我们找出了体外消化率方法的合理酶用量和模拟鱼肠道缓冲消化体系的pH值环境、反应时间及反应温度,然后又通过大量的试验筛选出了标准鱼粉样,初步为鱼粉制定了体外消化率的质量指标,并从1999年7月起作为友谊饲料公司鱼粉采购质量控制必检指标之一。在体外消化率方法基本成熟的前提下,友谊饲料公司作为大型专业化水产饲料生产厂家之一,从我国渔业可持续发展与人民身体健康的角度出发,决定率先开发环保型优质鱼用水产饲料系列。我们认为环保型优质鱼用… 相似文献
2.
试验旨在测定酶解羽毛粉的体外蛋白质消化率,同时研究酶解羽毛粉替代日粮中鱼粉对生长猪生产性能和蛋白质消化率的影响。体外试验采用胃蛋白酶-胰酶水解法对水解羽毛粉和酶解羽毛粉进行消化测定其蛋白质消化率。饲养试验选用135头体重相近的杜×长×大生长猪,随机分成3组,分别为对照组(3%秘鲁鱼粉组),处理Ⅰ和Ⅱ(酶解羽毛粉50%和100%替代秘鲁鱼粉)。结果表明:酶解羽毛粉体外蛋白质消化率比水解羽毛粉提高了15.38%(P<0.05)。处理组平均日增重和平均日采食量与对照组均无显著差异(P>0.05);饲料增重比及蛋白质消化率也与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。结合生产性能试验与经济效益分析,酶解羽毛粉100%等蛋白替代秘鲁鱼粉组为最佳,在生产实践中具备实用性和可行性。 相似文献
3.
采用凯氏定氮法、胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶分别作用于5种饲料原料(豆粕、血粉、鱼粉、DDGS、羽毛粉),并测定其粗蛋白的含量、溶解度及体外消化率。试验结果表明:粗蛋白的含量依次为:羽毛粉〉血粉〉鱼粉〉豆粕>DDGS;豆粕、血粉、鱼粉、DDGS、羽毛粉的溶解度分别为:83.56%、56.4%、34.01%、14.33%、7.99%;豆粕、鱼粉、血粉、DDGS、羽毛粉中粗蛋白在消化道不同部位消化率均不相同,而且随着时间的推移,粗蛋白在体外的消化率呈现动态增加的趋势。在消化28h后,豆粕中粗蛋白的体外消化率为84.69%,显著高于其他4种;血粉、鱼粉、DDGS、羽毛粉中粗蛋白的消化率分别为63.19%、61.56%、48.77%和14.25%。 相似文献
4.
采用体外消化法研究了鲤鱼对普通豆粕、发酵豆粕、膨化大豆、大豆浓缩蛋白、山东鱼粉、新西兰进口鱼粉、智利进口白鱼粉和美国进口红鱼粉8种饲料蛋白质的体外消化能力.试验结果表明:1)干物质的体外消化率豆粕为53.43%>发酵豆粕48.45%>山东鱼粉42.45%>膨化大豆39.62%>智利进口白鱼粉35.41%>美国进口红鱼粉34.77%>大豆浓缩蛋白32.53%>新西兰进口鱼粉19.83%:2)粗蛋白的体外消化率豆粕为69.97%>山东鱼粉55.84%>膨化大豆55.75%>美国进口红鱼粉47.74%>发酵豆粕46.15%>智利鱼粉42.91%>大豆浓缩蛋白38.98%>新西兰进口鱼粉25.77%;3)鲤鱼对4种大豆制品有较强消化力,在水产饲料中使用它们取代鱼粉具有一定的可行性. 相似文献
5.
选择健康的尼罗罗非鱼为试验鱼，以Cr2O3为指示物，以70％参照饲料和30％的试验饲料原料组成试验饲料，测定尼罗罗非鱼对鱼粉、豆粕、木薯粉和次粉中的干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪以及灰分的表观消化率。结果表明：①罗非鱼对木薯粉干物质的表观消化率为73．14％，与鱼粉、豆粕干物质的表观消化率没有显著差异（P〉0．05），较次粉提高19．71％（P〈0．05）；②罗非鱼对木薯粉蛋白质的表观消化率为84．58％，与豆粕的表观消化率不存在显著差异（P〉0．05），但显著低于鱼粉（P〈0．05）；③罗非鱼对木薯粉脂肪的表观消化率为93．35％，与豆粕的表观消化率不存在显著差异（P〉0．05），较鱼粉低5．0％（P〈0．05）；④罗非鱼对木薯粉灰分的表观消化率为67．74％，与鱼粉、豆粕灰分的表观消化率没有显著差异（P〉0．05），显著高于次粉（P〈0．05）。 相似文献
6.
本试验以去盲肠鸡和正常鸡各１６只测定了浙江鱼粉和秘鲁鱼粉的氨基酸表观消化率（ＡＡＡＤ）和真消化率（ＴＡＡＤ）。结果表明，以去盲肠鸡测定，浙江鱼粉多数氨基酸的ＡＡＡＤ和ＴＡＡＤ超过秘鲁鱼粉（Ｐ＜０．０５）。以正常鸡测定，两者大多数氨基酸消化率无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。说明新鲜优质浙江鱼粉的氨基酸可消化性与进口鱼粉相当，甚至更优 相似文献
7.
利用体外消化法研究了欧洲鳗粗酶液对鱼粉、发酵豆粕、菜籽粕、玉米蛋白粉、啤酒酵母、蝇蛆粉、膨化大豆、豆粕、花生粕、红虫粉等10种单一蛋白源以及另外5种复合蛋白源酶解7 h的体外消化率以及酶解液中游离氨基酸的生成量,以期筛选出最有可能替代鱼粉的蛋白原料。结果表明:(1)最有望部分或全部取代鱼粉的植物性蛋白源为啤酒酵母、发酵豆粕和花生粕,其干物质和粗蛋白质体外消化率分别为62.75%、55.15%、49.45%和78.50%、70.70%、85.70%;动物性蛋白源中红虫粉和蝇蛆粉的干物质体外消化率与鱼粉差别不大,粗蛋白质消化率红虫粉蝇蛆粉鱼粉。(2)在0～7h,各种蛋白源酶解氨基酸生成量基本呈增加趋势,对植物性蛋白源来说,啤酒酵母氨基酸生成量明显高于其他植物性蛋白源,其次是发酵豆粕、玉米蛋白粉和花生粕,较低的为菜籽粕、膨化大豆、豆粕。对于动物性蛋白源来说,红虫粉体外消化生成氨基酸的量明显高于鱼粉和蝇蛆粉。这一结果说明红虫粉和啤酒酵母是优质的蛋白源,很容易被鳗鱼消化吸收利用。(3)对于混合蛋白源混1、混2、混3、混4、混5来说,其干物质和粗蛋白质的体外消化率分别为:混1混2混5混4混3;混2混1混5混4混3,而原料中粗蛋白含量为混3混4混5,其鱼粉添加量分别为80%、70%、60%,混1、混2均不含鱼粉,这说明鳗鱼对几种植物性蛋白源的粗蛋白体外消化率均高于鱼粉,这也与之前单一蛋白源的粗蛋白体外消化率结果一致。 相似文献
8.
采用体外消化法研究了铜鱼(Coreiusheterodon)对鱼粉、豆粕、菜粕和棉粕4种饲料蛋白质的离体消化能力。试验结果表明:①铜鱼对鱼粉、豆粕、菜粕和棉粕的干物质离体总消化率为菜粕50.18%>鱼粉50.13%>豆粕49.11%>棉粕32.90%,而对粗蛋白的离体总消化率为:鱼粉41.92%>豆粕40.88%>菜粕23.68%>棉粕21.39%;②铜鱼对4种饲料原料的干物质和粗蛋白体外消化能力为:中肠>肝胰脏>前肠>后肠。 相似文献
9.
本研究结果表明,用蒸煮干燥器加工的鱼排粉,其各种营养成分含量及17种氨基酸含量均接近于进口鱼粉;经离体消化试验体外消化率达84.45%;鱼排粉与进口鱼粉对产蛋鸡和育肥猪的对比饲养试验证实在标准日粮中加入3%的鱼排粉,可显著提高鸡的产蛋率;添加鱼排粉与进口鱼粉相比较,可获得产蛋率、日增重均无显著差异的效果。因此从营养上鱼排粉可以替代进口鱼粉降低饲养成本,提高经济效益。 相似文献
10.
为了探索鱼饲料中鱼粉代用料的营养价值，对几种鱼粉代用饲料原料的消化率和饲养效果进行了试验研究。结果表明：鱼粉、肉粉、酵母、豆粕、菜籽粕、水解羽毛粉的蛋白质消化率分别为79．23％，80．46％，74．44％，69．06％，68．50％和58．63％：蛋白质沉积率分别为11．2％，9．9％，8．6％，8．2％，4．4％和4．8％。从而认为，肉粉、酵母可以用作鱼饲料的原料，降低鱼粉的使用量。 相似文献
11.
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection. 相似文献
13.
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario. Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously. 相似文献
15.
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
16.
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
17.
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
18.
In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated. Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively. 相似文献
19.
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
20.
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%). Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
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