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1.
He Jing-lei Zhou Yan-tong Kong Ling-ze-lai Li Bing Yu Jin-qiu Gong Hao Sun Xue Cui Guo-wen 《东北农业大学学报(英文版)》2021,28(2):69-76
In order to reveal the effects of different altitudes on the nutritional quality of wild forage in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,this study used Elymus nutans as the tested plants to evaluate the changes of nutrient contents and the correlation between the nutrient contents and altitudes.Four sampling sites were set up at altitudes of 2 562,2 660,2 775 and 2 905 m with the vertical distance among each sampling point was about 100 m.The results showed that the crude protein,ash and phosphorus contents of Elymus nutans decreased significantly with an increase in altitudes.The crude protein contents decreased by 1.87 % with each 100 m increase in altitudes.The variation rule of crude protein contents with altitudes in the simulated curve was "y=–0.0187x+63.244 (R~2=0.9557)".The crude ash contents decreased by 1.77% with each 100 m increase in altitudes.The variation rule of crude ash contents with altitudes in the simulated curve was "y=–0.0177x+56.144 (R~2=0.978)".Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) showed an overall increasing trend with the increase of altitudes,but the most obvious increase was at 2 775 m.The contents of crude fat and Ca did not change regularly with altitudes. 相似文献
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《农业科学与技术》2013,(10):1421-1428
[Objective] The aim was to compare differences of SPAD value, chloro- phyll content, agronomic characters, economic characters and yield traits to analyze correlation of SPAD value with other indices and establish regression functions. [Method] Based on 34 Brassica napus L. varieties, SPAD value, chlorophyll content, agronomic characters, economic characters and yield traits were measured and re- gression functions were established according to correlations. [Result] SPAD value, chlorophyll content, agronomic and economic characters and yield traits all achieved significant level in differences among 34 varieties. Specifically, SPAD value was of extremely significant correlation with chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid, and the correlation from high to low was chl-b〉chl-z〉chl-a〉chl-x. SPAD value was of significantly positive correlation with total pod number per plant, plant height, seed number per pod, yield per plant and harvest yield, and of insignificant correlation with branch point height, effective branch number, pod density of main stem, and pod length. [Conclusion] It is simple and rapid to predict chlorophyll con- tent, economic characters and yields of Brassica napus L. with SPAD value and re- gression functions. 相似文献
3.
Resynthesized rapeseeds obtained by crossing the diploid parents Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea have significant potential in hybrid breeding because of their higher genetic basis compared with Brassica napus cultivars. In this study, an 8 × 8 complete diallel experiment using four B. napus cultivars （BN） and four resynthesized rapeseed lines （RS） as parents was designed to study heterosis and genetic inheritance for yield components. The results showed that heterosis for yield per plant, the number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod were high, with means 32.77, 24.49 and 15.71%, respectively. Diallel analysis showed that both additive and dominant effects were significant for yield and yield components. All traits, except for 1 000-seed weight, were significant for bl mean squares and exhibited directional dominance. Dominant genes had positive effects on yield per plant, pods per plant and 1000-seed weight, and negative effects on seeds per pod （r=-0.86, -0.62, -0.41, and 0.47, respectively）. Narrow-sense heritability for yield per plant, pods per plant, and 1 000-seed weight and seeds per pod were 66, 31, 46 and 78% for the four traits, respectively. The Fl hybrids showed considerable yields compared to B. napus cultivars when B. napus cultivars and resynthesized rapeseeds were used as parents （NR hybrids）, with many more pods per plant and lower seeds per pod compared with the rapeseed cultivars, indicating that the resynthesized rapeseed may be applicable in current hybrid breeding programs. 相似文献
4.
[Objective] The aim of this study was to observe variations of DON content in grain of two wheat cultivars during tempering at different temperatures, and explore the possible causes of the variations. [Method] Two naturally Fusarium-infested wheat samples Youmai 3 and Yangmai 14 were selected as experimental materials. Tempering was carried out at different temperature(15, 25 and 35 ℃) for 48 h. During tempering, wheat grain samples were collected every 8 h. DON contents in tempered grain were measured by HPLC coupled with UV detector. [Result] For Youmai 3, DON contents were in the ranges of 3.94-12.49, 4.26-6.11 and 3.41-7.91 μg/g during tempering at 15, 25 and 35 ℃, respectively. The highest DON contents were observed at the 32ndhour at 15 ℃, the 8thhour at 25 ℃ and the 32ndhour at 35 ℃, respectively. After tempering for 48 h, DON contents in grain were increased by 175.1%, 27.5% and 7.2%, respectively. For Yangmai 14, DON contents were in the ranges of 0.55-1.56, 0.39-0.77 and 0.57-3.17 μg/g during tempering at 15, 25 and 35 ℃, respectively. The highest DON contents were observed at the 24thhour at 15 ℃, the 40thhour at 25 ℃ and the 48thhour at 35 ℃, respectively. After tempering for 48 h, DON contents in grain were increased by 94.5% at 15 ℃ and 456.1% at 35 ℃, respectively, whereas it was decreased by 35.0% at 25 ℃. From the point of view of reducing DON level, 15 ℃ was not reasonable for the tempering of both wheat cultivars, and tempering at 35 ℃ for 16 h and tempering at 25 ℃ for 24 h appeared to be desirable for Youmai 3 and Yangmai 14, respectively. [Conclusion] The results suggested controlling the tempering temperature and time would be helpful to reduce DON level in grain. 相似文献
5.
The contents of dry matter, crude fat, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, crude ash, Ca and P in 43 Saccharum spontaneum L. germplasms during the vegetative period were determined. Among them, the crude protein, crude fat, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, P and Ca contents were treated as the judging indicators. The nutritional value evaluation was carried out with the analytic hierarchy process （AHP）. The results showed A49 （Guangxi） had the highest nutritional value. Its dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, Ca and P contents were 32.35%, 7.20%, 4.06%, 8.07%, 75.81%, 50.72%, 0.23% and 0.16% respectively. While A3 （Guangdong） had the lowest nutritional value. Its dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, Ca and P contents were 32.24%, 4.62%, 0.51%, 6.38%, 46.40%, 40.02%, 0.15% and 0.09% respectively. The crude protein content differed significantly among different germplasms. A48 had the highest crude protein content （9.11%）, and A14 had the lowest crude protein content （3.72%）. Based on the evaluation results, the 43 Saccharum spontaneum L. germplasms were divided into 3 groups： high-nutritional value type, moderate-nutri-tional value type and low-nutritional value type. We hoped to provide a theoretical reference for the application of Saccharum spontaneum L. as a forage grass. 相似文献
6.
[Objective] This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters for milk yield, fat percentage, fat yield and age at first freshening of Chinese Holsteins first lactation cows in Heilongjiang under frigid-temperature and temperature zone. [Method] Records of yield and reproduction from 8 868 Chinese Holstein first lactation cows from 21 herds were utilized to evaluate genetic parameters for Heilongjiangs’ Chinese Holsteins. Restricted maximum likelihood (REML) method was used with an animal model. [Result] The heritabilities were 0.16 to 0.34 for yields and fat percentage, 0.38 for reproduction (age at the first freshening), which were similar to estimates for temperate areas from similar methods, except for constituent percentage. Also, the estimates of genetic correlation were high between milk yield and fat yield (0.97), but were low between milk yield and fat percentage (-0.24), age at the first freshening (-0.29) and generally antagonistic. [Conclusion] Thus, estimates of genetic parameters in this frigid and frigid-temperate environment did not differ appreciably from those that occur in temperate dairy areas. 相似文献
7.
[Objective] The study was to investigate the agronomic traits and breeding characteristics of genic male sterile material Mian 7AB-4-2 in Brassica napus. [Method] The differences in agronomic traits and polymorphisms in SSR markers, between the genic male sterile material Mian 7AB-4-2 in Brassica napus and its sisterly line Mian 7AB-4-1 were investigated by hybridization and molecular identification; and the percentage of sterile individuals of Mian 7AB-4-2 and of the hybrids with its sisterly line Mian 7AB-4-1 from test cross and back cross were also studied. [Result] Mian 7AB-4-2 was not significantly different in agronomic traits from its sisterly line Mian 7AB-4-1 at 0.05 probability level. The percentages of sterile individuals in the pollinated fertile Mian 7AB-4-2 plants were over 60%, and that in its sisterly line Mian 7AB-4-1 was about 25%. In test crosses with other nine sterile lines, Mian 7AB-4-1 kept the percentage of sterile individuals of sterile lines over 90%, and the percentage of sterile individuals from back cross over 80%. With regard to molecular markers, Mian 7AB-4-2 and its sisterly line Mian 7AB-4-1 were different in the band number from SSR primers a2 and E10. [Conclusion] The results indicate that Mian 7AB-4-2 is helpful for rapeseed breeding, quickening the application of new materials in field breeding. 相似文献
8.
QTL Mapping of Isoflavone,Oil and Protein Contents in Soybean （Glycine max L. Merr.） 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
LIANG Hui-zhen YU Yong-liang WANG Shu-feng LIAN Yun WANG Ting-feng WEI Yan-li GONG Peng-tao LIU Xue-yi FANG Xuan-jun ZHANG Meng-chen 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2010,9(8):1108-1116
Soybean （Glycine max L. Merr.） is the world＇s foremost source of edible plant oil and proteins, meantime, the biologically active secondary metabolites such as saponins and isoflavones are benefit to human health. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci （QTL） and epistatic interactions associated with isoflavone, protein, and oil contents in soybean seeds. An F13 recombinant inbred line （RIL） comprising 474 lines was derived from a cross between Jindou 23 and Huibuzhi cultivars. SSR technique was employed for mapping of the QTLs. The QTLs for isoflavone, protein, and oil contents were analyzed and 23 QTLs were detected based on the constructed linkage map. Six QTLs for isoflavone content were localized in linkage groups J, N, D2, and G, eleven QTLs for oil content were localized in the linkage groups A1, A2, B2, C2, and D2, and six QTLs for protein content were localized in linkage groups B2, C2, G, and H1. The correlative analysis demonstrated that the isoflavone content had significant correlation with protein content, while significantly negative correlations was existed between oil and protein content, and significantly positive correlations was existed between protein and oil content. All these findings have laid an important basis for the marker assisted breeding in soybean. The phenotypic correlations of quantitative traits may be resulted from the correlation of the QTL controlling those traits. 相似文献
9.
直立型川麦冬黄酮含量变化规律的初步研究(英文) 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
[Objective] The experiment aimed to inquire into the regular pattern of the flavonoids content in erect type Ophiopogon jaonicus preliminarily.[Methods]In the main Ophiopogon jaonicus-producing area,we use the method of home position dynamic method to gather sample for experiments,use UV to determine the flavonoids content in Ophiopogon jaonicus and use correlation and regression method to analyze the relation between flavonoids content and the growth period of Ophiopogon jaonicus.[Results]The relation between flavonoids content(y1)and the growth period(x∥d)of erect type Ophiopogon jaonicus is:y=1.235 6lnx-4.748 9(n=7,50≤x≤730,0≤y≤3.128,r0.001=0.950 7,r=0.954 2).[Conclusion]During a determinate time(50≤x≤730),positive correlation exists between flavonoids content and the growth period of Ophiopogon jaonicus.Our research has a great importance in directing the scientific harvest and GAP production of erect type Ophiopogon jaonicus. 相似文献
10.
化学杀雄剂EXP对油菜膜脂过氧化及保护酶活性的影响(英文) 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics and mechanism of chemical emasculation in rapeseed and to provide the theoretical basis for development and utilization of new chemical gametocides.[Method] The activity of peroxidase,catalase and the content of hydrogen peroxide,malondialdehyde in leaves and flower buds of Brassica napus cultivars Qinyou No.3 and L89 induced by the chemical gametocide EXP in the course of male sterility were studied.[Result] Protective enzyme activity and the content of hydrogen peroxide,malondialdehyde in rapeseed treated with EXP changed significantly,which indicated that active oxygen metabolism was abnormal.Furthermore,there was a significant difference in the reaction degree of different cultivars and organs treated by EXP.[Conclusion] There was a correlation between the disturbance of active oxygen metabolism and the male sterility induced by chemical gametocide EXP. 相似文献
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12.
[目的]建立芜菁子中黄酮类成分的TLC鉴别方法和采用薄层色谱分离和生物活性检测相结合的薄层色谱-自显影技术,初步筛选芜菁子药材中的抗氧化活性成分.[方法]以槲皮素和山奈酚为对照品,采用3种薄层展开系统,选出最佳薄层展开系统;喷以二苯代苦味肼自由基（DPPH）溶剂（1ml含0.08 mg的甲醇溶液）显色,筛选抗氧化活性.[结果]芜菁子中黄酮类物质的TLC鉴别的最佳展开系统为甲苯-乙酸乙酯-甲酸（22∶ 14∶ 1.2）;TLC-生物自显影抗氧化活性筛选中,黄酮类成分的薄层板呈紫色背景白色斑点.[结论]芜菁子药材中黄酮类成分的TLC鉴别方法可行,重复性好,可作为芜菁子药材的薄层鉴别方法;芜菁子药材中的黄酮类成分具有抗氧化活性. 相似文献
13.
甘蓝型油菜种子油体蛋白提取及双向电泳分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]研究不同含油量油菜种子油体蛋白差异表达,为提高油菜含油量提供参考.[方法]分别从高低含油量油菜种子中分离油体,提取油体蛋白,经双向凝胶电泳后,分析油体蛋白质组的二维表达图谱.[结果]仅在高含油量品种种子油体蛋白质组中出现的蛋白点有3个;仅在低含油量油菜品种油体蛋白质组中出现的蛋白点有4个;在两者中均出现、且表达量差异在两倍以上的蛋白点有16个.[结论]采用蛋白质组学技术对不同含油量油菜种子油体蛋白进行比较蛋白质组学研究,是有效研究油菜种子含油量性状的技术手段. 相似文献
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15.
[目的]分析甘蓝型油菜与野生芥菜型油菜杂交子代的性状遗传。[方法]选用1个甘蓝型油菜种（湘油15号,编号138）与2个野生芥菜型油菜品系（编号153和154）作为试材,进行正反杂交并获得了杂交种子。对杂种F1、F2代的发芽率、叶片大小及形状、株高、花粉育性、籽粒颜色等性状进行了分析。[结果]芥甘杂交较易获得杂交种子,F1代种子发芽率、成苗率及花粉育性均相对较高,平均株高低于双亲;而甘芥杂交较难获得杂种,且F1代自交亲和性差,结实率低,平均株高介于双亲之间;不论正反交,F1代营养生长优势和叶形母本效应明显,F2代株高出现明显分离,呈正态分布,未获得黄籽品系。[结论]为将甘芥杂交子代进一步应用于油菜遗传育种与品质改良提供了理论依据。 相似文献
16.
豇豆籽蛋白的功能性质分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
[目的]为开发利用豇豆籽蛋白提供理论基础。[方法]用大豆分离蛋白作比较,分析豇豆籽蛋白的溶解性、起泡性、乳化性及乳化稳定性等功能性质。[结果]豇豆籽蛋白和大豆蛋白的等电点在5左右,均具有较高的持水和持油性,起泡性均随自身浓度的增加而增加,乳化性两者无差异。豇豆籽蛋白不同pH值下的溶解性、持水持油性、起泡性、乳化性都显著高于大豆蛋白,30、60min后的泡沫稳定性高于大豆蛋白,10min后的乳化稳定性高于大豆蛋白,20、30min后的乳化稳定性低于大豆蛋白。[结论]与大豆分离蛋白相比,豇豆籽蛋白具有较好的溶解性、持水持油性、起泡性、起泡稳定性和乳化性,可以应用于饮料、冰激凌、面包、香肠等食品中。 相似文献
17.
利用子房离体培养的方法克服了甘蓝型油菜与青花菜杂种后代杂种胚的衰亡,并通过组织培养技术获得了杂交后代。试验结果表明:授粉后15d的子房离体培养效果最好,获得7粒饱满种籽,其中2粒发芽,发芽率为0.29;1/2MS B5有机 IAA1.5mg/L 蔗糖50g/L为最佳的子房离体培养基,平均每个角果可得到杂种0.17粒,杂种发芽率可达66.7%;通过比较父母本和杂交后代性状,发现杂交后代的生物学性状偏向父本。 相似文献
18.
以6个杜仲优树自由授粉家系种子为材料,研究了种子性状、1 a生苗生长性状及药用有效成分性状的遗传变异状况,并进行了家系及家系内选择。结果表明:不同家系间种子发芽率和发芽势变异较大,其变异系数分别达到49.70%和68.53%。各性状在家系间变异均较大,平均变异系数为10.96%,其中变异系数最大的为17.45%(D),最小的为5.48%(WL/LL);除地径和叶长宽比性状外,家系间差异均达到显著或极显著水平。家系内性状变异幅度较大,变异系数在5.88%～30.0%之间,其中变异系数最大的为30.0%(家系B),变异系数最小的为5.88%(家系E)。选出优良家系2个和优良单株6株,在苗高和地径上分别平均提高17.65%、10.56%(家系选择)及53.67%、45.41%(单株选择)。 相似文献
19.
[目的]研究Zn2＋胁迫对萝卜（Raphanus sativus L.）种子萌发及幼苗生长和叶绿素含量的影响,从而更好地认识重金属Zn2＋对绿色植物生长发育的胁迫作用。[方法]萝卜种子为宝萝一号。Zn2＋浓度梯度为12.5、25.0、50.0、100.0 mg/ml,以去离子水为对照。[结果]Zn2＋浓度变化并不影响萝卜种子萌发率,但随着浓度的增加,对萝卜幼苗形态、根长、根毛的产生及叶绿素的含量均有一定程度的抑制作用。[结论]该研究可以为进一步进行土壤修复提供科学依据。 相似文献
20.
榕小蜂传粉行为对榕树种子繁殖的影响* 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在西双版纳热带雨林中,对叶榕Ficus hispida的传粉榕小蜂Ceratosolen solmsi marchali不同运载花粉过程对寄主榕果和自身后代的繁殖都有影响。对叶榕传粉榕小蜂主动地为对叶榕传粉,在雌株上的榕果内,雌花受精发育成种子,没有榕小蜂寄生繁衍;在雄株上的榕果里则只榕小蜂而没有种子。从雄花期榕果内出来的传粉榕小蜂雌蜂,飞到其它雌树上寻找雌花期的榕果传粉,一只雌蜂在一个榕果传粉产生种子（810.38±235.13）粒,平均种子形成率是0.41％。通过控制实验阻断繁殖雌蜂的飞行过程,一只雌蜂在一个榕果传粉产生种子（1 124.05 ±281.41）粒,平均种子形成率是0.56％。飞行运载花粉的代价为直接减少了传粉榕小蜂给榕果传粉产生种子的数量。通过控制实验阻断繁殖雌蜂的飞行过程,并且不让雌蜂携带花粉,榕果在8～12 d全部掉落,产生的种子数是0个,种子形成率0。用在雄株周围飞翔的小蜂进行放蜂,一只雌蜂在一个榕果传粉产生种子（1 012.20 ±271.97）粒,平均种子形成率为0.50%。 相似文献