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1.
超敏蛋白对低温胁迫下核桃生理特性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《果树学报》2017,(6)
【目的】研究超敏蛋白对低温胁迫下核桃生理特性的影响,探讨其提高核桃抗寒性可能的作用机制,为超敏蛋白在核桃抗逆生产中的应用提供理论依据。【方法】以抗寒力较弱的早实核桃品种‘香玲’为试材,采用大田喷施与室内模拟低温环境处理相结合的方法,测定低温(2、0、-2、-4、-6℃)胁迫下核桃叶片的相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)含量、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,探究超敏蛋白在核桃响应低温胁迫中的作用。【结果】随着温度的降低,核桃叶片相对电导率、丙二醛含量、可溶性蛋白含量、脯氨酸含量及超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均升高,可溶性糖含量降低;喷施超敏蛋白可显著降低0℃以下低温胁迫核桃叶片的相对电导率、丙二醛含量,显著提高可溶性蛋白含量、脯氨酸含量和超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,对可溶性糖含量影响不大。【结论】喷施超敏蛋白可以提高低温胁迫下核桃叶片脯氨酸含量和可溶性蛋白含量,增强抗氧化酶活性,降低相对电导率和MDA含量,以维持细胞正常的生理代谢,防止膜脂过氧化和保护细胞膜结构的稳定性,增强核桃的抗寒性。 相似文献
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为探究低温胁迫下外源5-氨基乙酰丙酸（ALA）对梨花器官生理特性的影响,以新梨7号、玉露香花器官为试验材料,分别对其喷施25、50、75、100 mg/L ALA溶液,以喷清水作对照,置于-2℃低温环境下处理3 h后,测定其相对电导率、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量、脯氨酸含量、抗氧化酶活性、丙二醛（MDA）含量,并进行主成分分析。结果表明：低温胁迫下,100 mg/L ALA处理显著提高了新梨7号花器官可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸含量和SOD、POD、CAT活性,显著降低了相对电导率,MDA含量与对照相比无显著变化;75 mg/L ALA处理显著降低了玉露香花器官相对电导率,50 mg/L ALA处理提高了可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量和SOD活性,25、50 mg/L ALA处理脯氨酸含量显著低于对照,CAT活性、MDA含量无显著变化;对8个生理指标进行主成分分析,并构建综合评价模型,结合花器官形态,确定了缓解新梨7号、玉露香花器官低温伤害的最佳ALA浓度分别为100、50 mg/L。 相似文献
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采用营养液栽培,研究硝酸盐胁迫下喷施10 mg·L-1 叶绿酸铁溶液对黄瓜幼苗生长、脯氨酸、可溶性糖、丙二醛含
量及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明：硝酸盐胁迫下叶面喷施叶绿酸铁可以缓解硝酸盐对黄瓜幼苗生长的抑制,减少叶片中
脯氨酸、可溶性糖、丙二醛含量,提高超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）及抗坏血酸过氧
化物酶（APX）活性。喷施叶绿酸铁可以在一定程度上减少硝酸盐胁迫下叶片中活性氧的积累,抑制膜脂过氧化,从而缓解
硝酸盐胁迫对黄瓜幼苗的伤害。 相似文献
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水杨酸对低温胁迫下黄瓜幼苗叶片抗寒生理指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以"津研2号"黄瓜为试材,采用水培方法,研究了不同浓度的水杨酸(Salicylic acid,SA)对4℃低温胁迫下黄瓜幼苗生长的影响,以期为黄瓜抗低温胁迫研究提供参考。结果表明:低温胁迫下,黄瓜幼苗叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量显著降低,可溶性糖、脯氨酸(Pro)、丙二醛(MDA)含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性显著增加(P0.01);外施SA显著提高了低温胁迫下幼苗叶片的叶绿素、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和Pro含量,SOD、POD活性也显著升高,使膜脂过氧化产物MDA含量显著降低(P0.01)。由此可见,外施SA可以通过提高黄瓜幼苗可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、Pro含量以及SOD、POD活性来维持细胞膜的稳定性,降低膜脂过氧化伤害程度,从而缓解了低温胁迫对幼苗生长的抑制,并以1.5mmol/L外源SA缓解效果最好。 相似文献
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NaCl胁迫对甜瓜幼苗叶片膜脂过氧化和渗透调节物质的影响 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
研究了厚皮甜瓜黄河蜜和薄皮甜瓜白沙蜜在NaCl胁迫下甜瓜幼苗叶片相对膜透性、丙二醛(MDA)和保护酶SOD、CAT、POD活性及脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量的变化。结果表明,随盐浓度的增加和时间的延长,甜瓜叶片细胞膜相对透性、MDA含量、脯氨酸含量和可溶性糖含量逐渐增大。叶片SOD、POD和CAT酶活性对NaCl胁迫的响应具有浓度和时间依赖性。NaCl对黄河蜜叶片膜系统的伤害小于对白沙蜜的伤害。渗透调节是甜瓜在盐胁迫下的适应性表现。 相似文献
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在低温胁迫条件下，分析了不同施肥处理对云南藜蒿叶片电解质渗透率、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量、脯氨酸含量（Pro）、丙二醛（MDA）含量及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性的影响。试验结果表明，与纯无机肥料处理相比，施用养殖废弃物生物有机肥料之后，在一定范围内，藜蒿叶片的可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量、脯氨酸含量、过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性随生物有机肥施用量的增加而升高，藜蒿叶片的电解质渗透率、MDA含量随生物有机肥施用量的增加而降低。研究表明，养殖废弃物生物有机肥料可以显著提高藜蒿抗寒性。 相似文献
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【目的】低温是热带果树北移的关键限制因素,寒害会导致它们的产量下降甚至引种失败。对5种热带珍稀山榄科果树幼苗的耐寒性进行研究,为其引种驯化及推广种植提供理论依据。【方法】以2 a(年)苗龄实生苗的古巴牛乳树[Manilkara roxburghiana(Wight)Dubard]、人心果[Manilkara zapota(L.)van Royen]、神秘果(Synsepalum dulcif-cum Denill)、蛋黄果(Lucuma nervosa A. DC.)和星苹果(Chrysophyllum cainito L.)为试材,于光照培养箱中先9℃处理72 h,后3℃处理24 h。测定低温胁迫下叶片的叶绿素含量、相对电导率(REC)、半致死温度(LT50)、游离脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性等指标的变化。【结果】随着温度下降,5种果树的叶绿素含量不断降低,在3℃时皆显著低于对照;脯氨酸含量不断上升,在9℃、3℃均明显高于对照;可溶性蛋白含量先升后降,除人心果在3℃时和对照没有显著差异,其他4种在9℃、3℃时均显著高于对照;可溶性糖含量在9℃时达到峰值,此时5者之间有显著差异,其中古巴牛乳树最高,星苹果最低;MDA含量不断上升,到3℃时,与对照相比,只有古巴牛乳树、人心果没有显著升高,其他3种均有显著升高;SOD、POD及CAT活性均先升后降,在9℃时达到峰值,古巴牛乳树、人心果SOD、POD活性总体上显著高于其他3种,古巴牛乳树的CAT活性显著高于其他4种,星苹果最低。【结论】低温胁迫下,5种山榄科果树叶片各指标的变化趋势大体一致,但变化程度各有不同,耐寒性强弱顺序为:古巴牛乳树人心果神秘果蛋黄果星苹果。脯氨酸的含量和升幅,可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖的含量及SOD、POD、CAT的活性可以作为山榄科果树耐寒性评价的重要参考指标。 相似文献
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干旱胁迫下水杨酸、脱落酸和海藻提取物对苹果幼苗抗旱性及养分吸收的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国果树》2019,(6)
以盆栽苹果砧木M9T337矮化幼苗为试材,研究了水杨酸(SA)、脱落酸(ABA)和海藻提取物(SE)对重度干旱胁迫下苹果幼苗生长、光合色素、抗氧化酶活性、光合特性、渗透调节物质以及养分吸收的影响。结果表明:重度干旱胁迫显著抑制了苹果幼苗的营养生长,降低了叶片抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质含量、光合作用及植株养分含量。喷施SA、ABA和SE均促进了干旱胁迫下幼苗的生长,提高了叶片光合色素含量以及净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr),同时也提高了苹果叶片中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性以及可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸等渗透调节物质的含量,降低了丙二醛(MDA)含量,有效缓解了干旱胁迫对植株造成的伤害。与SA和ABA相比,喷施SE在促进苹果幼苗营养生长、提高叶绿素a含量和叶片SOD和CAT活性、增加可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量、提高植株养分含量方面效果更显著。 相似文献
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Stroke is one of the major causes of death and disability in China and even worldwide. At present, treatment of stroke has been traditionally focused on reducing death of ischemic cells. However, clinical trials have shown that none of neuroprotective drugs tested achieve clinical benefit after acute stroke. Exosomes are 30~100 nm extracellular vesicles derived from cells with cell membrane structure. Many studies suggest exosomes play essential roles in intercellular communication by transferring their cargo between source and target cells in brain. Emerging data show that exsomes also make a contribution to brain recovery via regulating highly interactive process pathway after stroke. Here, we review these advances and highlight the potential therapeutic functions of exosomes in brain remodeling after stroke. 相似文献
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Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that are actively released from all types of cells to various body fluids under the physiological and pathological conditions. It can be used as an intercellular signaling carrier by transferring specific components such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, which mediates the transmission of information between cells, thereby affecting the biological function of the recipient cells. Urinary exosomes are secreted by various cells in the urinary system and released into the urine. Recent studies have shown that changes of urinary exosome microRNAs can be used as biomarkers in kidney diseases for monitoring the changes of diseases and judging prognosis, and also have important value in the disease treatment. This article reviews the progress of urinary exosome microRNAs in kidney diseases. 相似文献
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YE Jin-hao CHEN Jing JI Yang GU Jie-lei LIU Jian-wei LIU Shi-ming ZHONG Yun 《园艺学报》2000,36(8):1351-1358
AIM To investigate the effect of exosomes derived from hypoxia-preconditioned human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) on proliferation, migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). METHODS hUCMSCs and HUVECs were isolated, cultured and identified. Exosomes derived from hUCMSCs were extracted by ultracentrifugation. The morphological change of exosomes was observed under transmission electron microscope. The particle size and concentration of exosomes were detected by nanoparticle tracking analysis, and the surface specific marker proteins of exosomes were determined by Western blot. hUCMSCs were divided into normoxia group and hypoxia group. The viability of hUCMSCs was measured by CCK-8 assay. HUVECs were divided into control group, normoxic exosome group and hypoxic exosome group. The proliferation of HUVECs was detected by EdU assay. The migration ability was detected by cell scratch assay and Transwell experiment. Tube formation ability was evaluated by tube formation experiment. RESULTS Compared with normoxia group, hypoxia pretreatment enhanced the viability and exosome release of hUCMSCs. Compared with normoxic exosome group, hypoxic exosomes enhanced the proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVECs. CONCLUSION Exosomes derived from hUCMSCs under hypoxia enhances the proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVECs. 相似文献
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Exosomes are bilayer-lipid membrane nanovesicle from almost all living cell types which are involved in intercellular substance transporting and signaling communication. Exosomes are 30~120 nm in diameter, can transfer bioactive molecules including DNA, RNA, microRNA, protein as well as lipids derived from parents' cells to recipient cells by body fluids, and specifically influence their physiological or pathological conditions. Leukemia is due to malignant proliferation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. It was reported that leukemia cells derived exosomes play a key role in disease progression, drug resistance, and predict prognosis. This paper will outline the role of exosomes derived from leukemia cells and provide important information to help explore the molecular pathogenesis, biomarker as well as therapeutic target of leukemia. 相似文献
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GAO Lin-zhi XIE Yun Zhou Yi WEI Li-na ZHANG Chi Lü Lin-yan YAO Jia-hui LIANG Xiao-yan LIU Gui-hua YANG Xing 《园艺学报》2020,36(5):906-912
AIMTo investigate the effects of exosomes secreted by M1 macrophages on the viability of ovarian follicular theca cells and the possible mechanism. METHODSRaw264.7 mouse macrophages were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish a model of M1 macrophages. Exosomes secreted by the macrophages were isolated by ultracentrifugation and identified by electron microscopy, Western blot, and flow nanoanalyzer. Primary mouse ovarian follicular theca cells were co-incubated with PKH67 fluorescence-labeled exosomes to detect whether exosomes secreted by the macrophages were uptaken by the theca cells. The cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometric analysis was used to evaluate the cell cycle distribution. The expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B) was determined by qPCR and Western blot. RESULTSThe results of electron microscopy, Western blot, and flow nanoanalyzer verified that the macrophages secreted exosomes. The co-incubation of PKH67 fluorescence-labeled exosomes and theca cells confirmed that the theca cells were able to ingest large numbers of exosomes secreted by the macrophages. M1 macrophage-derived exosomes significantly enhanced the viability of theca cells by shifting the cells from G1 phase to S phase. The expression of CDKN1B was up-regulated in theca cells treated with M1 macrophage-derived exosomes as compared with the controls. CONCLUSION M1 macrophages-derived exosomes enhance the viability of theca cells in association with down-regulated expression of CDKN1B. 相似文献
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ZHANG Zai-yun LI Xiao-mei WANG Juan-dong SUN Jian-hua JIANG Yu-hua PAN Xiang-lin 《园艺学报》2011,27(9):1758-1761
AIM: To study the effect of interleukin 18( IL-8 ) gene modification on anti-tumor activity induced by lung cancer cell-derived exosomes.METHODS: Exosomes isolated from the supernatants of IL-18 gene-modified NCI-H460 lung cancer cells (IL-18/H460), pcDNA3.1+ vector-modified cancer cells (DNA3.1/H460) and non-modified NCI-H460 lung cancer cells (NCI-H460) were observed under transmission electron microscope.The expression of heat-shock protein 70(HSP70),human leukocyte antigen(HLA) and IL-18 were determined by Western blotting.T lymphocytes were activated by exosomes or exosome-pulsed dendritic cells(DCs).The activity of T cells for killing lung cancer cells were detected by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) method.The killing rates were calculated and compared.RESULTS: Exosomes showed typical morphous under transmission electron microscope.The protein levels of HSP70 and HLA were detected in the exosomes of all 3 groups, and IL-18 protein was only observed in IL-18/H460 group.The killing rates of exosome-activated T cells in IL-18/H460 group with the ratio of effector cell to target cell at 25∶ 1, 10∶ 1 and 5∶ 1 were (38.45±5.42)%, (25.17±3.94)% and (11.75±3.22)%, respectively.The killing rates of exosome-pulsed DC-activated T cells in this group were (89.05±4.06)%, (64.97±6.02)% and (40.16±4.98)%, respectively.The killing rates in IL-18/H460 group were higher than those in DNA3.1/H460 group and NCI-H460 group.The anti-tumor efficacy of exosome-pulsed DC－activated T cells was stronger than that of exosome-activated T cells.CONCLUSION: IL-18 gene modification enhances the anti-tumor activity induced by NCI-H460 lung cancer cell-derived exosomes. 相似文献
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WANG Lin PEI Shuang GUO Bin LU Yan-hui LI Yan-fei DUAN Ran-ran YAO Yao-bing CHEN Xue-mei JIA Yan-jie 《园艺学报》2018,34(5):862-869
AIM:To study the influence of bone marrow mesenchymol stem cell-drived exosomes (BMSC-exosomes) on hindlimb activity, and the numbers of reactive astrocytes and residual neurons in spinal cord injury (SCI) rats. METHODS:BMSCs were cultured using the whole bone marrow adherent culture method and surface markers CD90 and CD34 were verified by flow cytometry. Exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation and the morphology of exosomes was observed under transmission electron microscope. The protein markers CD63 and CD9 were verified by Western blot. After exosomes were applied to SCI rats, the Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan locomotor rating scale score, the Nissl staining of the lesion site, and the numbers of reactive astrocytes and residual neurons were assessed at various time points. RESULTS:Transmission electron microscopic observation revealed the presence of saucer-shaped vesicles. BMSC-exosomes were found to express high levels of CD63 and CD9. Compared with injury group, significant improvement of hindlimb activity scores from day 14 after injury in treatment group was observed (P<0.05), and less reactive astrocytes and more residual neurons from day 7 after injury were also observed (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:BMSC-exosomes inhibit reactive astrocytes and death of neurons, and improve hindlimb activity in the rats after SCI. 相似文献
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In recent years, extracellular vesicles are found as an important medium for intercellular signal communication in prokaryotic and higher eukaryotic cells for regulating a variety of biological processes. Extracellular vesicles include exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies, and can be released into extracellular media by almost all types of cells in vivo and in vitro. Extracellular vesicles are released under physiological and pathological conditions, including liver diseases, and have a wide range of effects on the target cells. This review summarizes the progress in understanding the role of extracellular vesicles in chronic liver diseases. Specifically, how extracellular vesicles regulate non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma is discussed in detail highlighting extracellular vesicles as a promising therapeutic target for chronic liver diseases. 相似文献
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AIM: To investigate the effects of exosomes secreted by pancreatic cancer cells on the viability and function of β cells and the possible mechanism. METHODS: ExoQuick-TC kit was used to extract exosomes in the supernatants of mouse pancreatic cancer Pan02 and MPC-83 cells, and the extracted exosomes were identified by transmission electron microscopy. Fluorescence-labeled exosomes were incubated with mouse insulinoma MIN6 cells for 48 h to detect whether exosomes secreted by pancreatic cancer cells were uptaken by MIN6 cells. MTT and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) assays were conducted to examine cell viability and insulin secretion of MIN6 cells after incubating with exosomes. The expression of miR-204 and Bcl-2 mRNA in MIN6 cells was detected by qPCR. The protein expression of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 and cytochrome C (Cyt-C) in MIN6 cells was determined by Western blot. RESULTS: The results of transmission electron microscopy showed that both Pan02 cells and MPC-83 cells secreted exosomes, and Pan02 cells secreted more. The co-incubation results of fluorescence-labeled exosomes and MIN6 cells confirmed that MIN6 cells were able to ingest large amounts of exosomes secreted by pancreatic cancer cells. The results of MTT and GSIS assays showed that the viability and the level of high glucose-stimulated insulin secretion of MIN6 cells in exosome treatment group significantly decreased compared with nontreatment group (P<0.01). The results of qPCR showed that the exosomes secreted by pancreatic cancer cells were rich in miR-204, and the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 in MIN6 cells was significantly down-regulated by exosome incubation (P<0.01). The results of Western blot showed that the protein expression of Bcl-2 in the MIN6 cells treated with exosomes was significantly down-regulated (P<0.05), and the protein levels of Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and Cyt-C in exosomes treatment group were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Pancreatic cancer cells secrete exosomes. The exosomes secreted by pancreatic cancer cells are ingested by β cells, and reduce the viability and insulin secretion of β cells. The mechanism may be related to the increase in exosomal miR-204 in the β cells. Increasing miR-204 may inhibit the expression of Bcl-2 and promote the activation of mitochondrial apoptosis in β cells. 相似文献