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象山县二化螟对杀虫双的抗性在２０世纪９０年代初已经出现 ,抗性程度逐年提高 ,至１９９９年抗性测定结果达到２４３倍 ,属高抗水平级 ,故治螟药剂杀虫双逐步被三唑磷所取代。由于单一药剂使用多年 ,二化螟对三唑磷的抗性也已经产生 ,局部地区抗性严重 ,如地处象山县南部的高塘岛乡 ,抗性最为严重 ,经１９９９年抗性测定 ,二化螟对三唑磷的抗性已达１０８倍 ,属高抗水平级。为了解决螟害问题 ,特在２０００年春引进台州菲尔达化工有限公司生产的２５%万螟灵乳油防治１代二化螟 ,进行边试验边推广 ,凡应用万螟灵的田块均取得较理想的防治效… 相似文献
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二化螟、纵卷叶螟是水稻生产上的主要害虫,自推广超级杂交水稻以来其危害损失呈上升趋势,尤其是近几年来,二化螟和纵卷叶螟发生世代重叠,抗药性日趋增强,危害态势明显加重。虽然水稻综合治理的研究取得巨大进展,但化学防治仍然是生产上最为直接、有效和普遍采用的防治手段,三唑磷、杀虫双、杀虫单在水稻害虫防治中由于使用多年,治螟效果明显下降。为了筛选防治二化螟、纵卷叶螟的理想药剂,指导当前的治螟工作。2011年我们对5％阿维·杀铃脲悬浮剂防治水稻二化螟和稻纵卷叶螟进行了应用技术的试验研究。 相似文献
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20 0 2年应用点滴法普查了江苏常熟、锡山、武进、句容、姜堰、高邮、楚州、宿豫、灌云及连云港 10县 (市 ) 12个二化螟种群 4龄幼虫对 4种 (类 )杀虫剂的抗药性。结果表明 ,供试种群对沙蚕毒素类农药杀虫单已普遍产生抗性 ,且苏南种群的抗性水平高于苏北 ,常熟为最高 ( 16倍 ) ;对有机磷类农药三唑磷苏南地区种群为低水平抗性 ,其他地区均属敏感水平。目前二化螟供试种群对苯基吡唑类农药氟虫腈和抗生素类农药阿维菌素未产生抗药性。本文还对二化螟抗性治理对策进行了讨论。 相似文献
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近年来,二化螟已成为为害钟山县水稻主要的钻蛀性螟虫.该县用于防治二化螟的主要农药有三唑磷、毒死蜱和杀虫单等,已使用多年,防效已明显下降.据何月平等人报道:在桂林地区,二化螟对三唑磷已经达到了高水平抗性,对杀虫单和毒死蜱已经达到了中等水平抗性[1]. 相似文献
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浙江省二化螟不同种群和大螟对三唑磷的敏感性研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
于2004年用点滴法测定了浙江杭州地区(富阳和余杭)和嘉兴地区(平湖、秀城和秀洲)二化螟、杭州富阳大螟等种群4龄幼虫对三唑磷的敏感性,以及各种群体内与抗药性相关酶系(多功能氧化酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶、酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶等)的比活力。结果证实上述地区二化螟种群对三唑磷产生了21.1~218.8倍的抗性,其中以富阳和平湖种群的抗性水平较高。二化螟体内多功能氧化酶活性与三唑磷抗性水平呈显著正相关,而乙酰胆碱酯酶活性则呈显著负相关,表明二化螟对三唑磷的抗性可能与多功能氧化酶活性增强和乙酰胆碱酯酶敏感性降低有关。大螟富阳种群对三唑磷的敏感性明显高于二化螟富阳种群,其抗性机制还有待研究。 相似文献
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水稻二化螟抗药性监测及防控对策* 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用点滴法测定了2007-2009年采自浙江、江苏、湖北、四川等地水稻二化螟4龄幼虫对沙蚕毒素类的杀虫单、有机磷类的三唑磷、毒死蜱、苯基吡唑类的氟虫腈及微生物源的阿维菌素等杀虫剂的抗性。结果表明：上述二化螟种群对５种杀虫剂抗性分布具有明显的地区性,其中浙江、江苏大部分地区供试种群对杀虫单、三唑磷的抗性水平达40倍以上,已普遍产生高至极高水平抗性;对毒死蜱产生的抗性水平达22倍以上,已普遍产生中等水平至高水平抗性;对氟虫腈产生的抗性水平达6倍以上,已普遍产生低水平至中等水平抗性;对阿维菌素敏感至低水平抗性;湖北孝感、四川武胜种群对５种药剂尚未产生抗性或为低水平抗性。本文还对二化螟抗性防控对策进行了讨论。 相似文献
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Using synergists to detect multiple insecticide resistance in field populations of rice stem borer 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Yueping HeJuefeng Zhang Jianming Chen Jinliang Shen 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2012,103(2):121-126
The rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker), an important insect pest of rice in China, has developed resistances to several classes of insecticides in field. In order to investigate multiple resistance mechanisms, synergistic tests were conducted with the Ruian (RA) population and Lianyungang (LYG) population, two representative populations to different insecticides. Results showed that diethyl maleate (DEM), S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF) and piperonyl butoxide (PBO), had no significant synergistic or inhibitory effect on the high level of resistance to monosultap (313.4-fold) and moderate level to chlorpyrifos (36.9-fold) in Ruian field population from the year 2011 (RA11). DEF significantly synergized the activity of triazophos in RA11 population (536.8-fold), with synergism ratio of 1.92. DEF and PBO significantly suppressed 43.3% and 40.4% of resistance to fipronil in RA11 population (48.4-fold), respectively, with the synergistic ratios of 1.76 and 1.69. When pretreated with PBO, the activity of deltamethrin against RA11 population were significantly synergized, with synergism ratio of 9.57, and with reducing resistance levels from 152.5- to 15.9-fold. The results of this study indicated that resistance to several classes of insecticide among the field populations of C. suppressalis might be provided by the combination of the multiple resistance mechanisms. Metabolic resistance mechanism might be the major reason for the evolution for resistance to deltamethrin and fipronil, while resistance to monosultap, triazophos and chlorpyrifos is not associated with metabolic resistance. 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Information on the insecticide susceptibility of striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker), is essential for an effective pest management programme. An early detection of resistance development can prompt the modification of current control methods and increase the lifespan of insecticides through the rotation of chemicals with different modes of action. In this study, the susceptibility of this pest in Taiwan to four classes of insecticides has been examined. RESULTS: Over 1000‐fold resistance to carbofuran was detected in C. suppressalis collected from Chiayi and Changhua prefectures, with estimated LC50 values of > 3 mg cm?2. In addition, 61‐fold resistance to cartap was found in the Chiayi population. On the other hand, all tested populations of rice stem borer were still relatively susceptible to chlorpyrifos, fipronil and permethrin, with LC50 values ranging from 30 to 553 ng cm?2. Chilo suppressalis populations collected from the central parts of Taiwan have a higher degree of resistance to the tested insecticides than those from northern areas. CONCLUSION: The occurrence of high resistance to carbofuran in the Chiayi and Changhua areas suggests that this compound should be replaced with chemicals having a different mode of action, such as chlorpyrifos, fipronil and permethrin, to which low cross‐resistance has been detected. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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He YP Gao CF Chen WM Huang LQ Zhou WJ Liu XG Shen JL Zhu YC 《Pest management science》2008,64(3):308-315
BACKGROUND: Chemical control is a major strategy for suppressing the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker). Owing to their high toxicity and increasing resistance development in the target insect, many insecticides will be phased out entirely in 2007 in China. Alternatives with relatively low toxicity are urgently needed to replace traditional chemicals for rice stem borer control. In this study, the authors examined four field populations of C. suppressalis for their toxicological responses to more than 20 insecticides, including a few low-toxicity organophosphates and many novel pesticides. Interpopulation resistance levels to 12 conventional insecticides were also compared. RESULTS: Based on LD(50) values, the rice stem borer was most sensitive to avermectins and fipronil (LD(50) < 1 ng larva(-1)). The stem borers exhibited the least sensitivity to endosulfan (LD(50) > 100 ng larva(-1)) and monosultap (LD(50) > 1000 ng larva(-1)). Insect growth regulators and chitin synthase inhibitors showed great efficacy against C. suppressalis, especially against populations that had developed resistance to conventional insecticides. Four field populations showed variable tolerance levels to many insecticides. LYG05 was the most susceptible population, only with a low level of resistance to monosultap (RR = 6.6). NC05 and GL05 populations exhibited intermediate tolerance levels with RR values up to 20.4 and 52.8 respectively. RA05 was the most resistant population to many insecticides, with resistance ratios up to 76.2. CONCLUSION: The results from this study provide valuable information for selection and adoption of new alternative insecticides and for resistance management of the rice stem borer. 相似文献
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A field population of the rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis Walker) with 203.3-fold resistance to triazophos was collected. After 8-generation of continuous selection with triazophos in laboratory, resistance increased to 787.2-fold, and at the same time, the resistance to isocarbophos and methamidophos was also enhanced by 1.9- and 1.4-fold, respectively, implying some cross-resistance between triazophos and these two organophosphate insecticides. Resistance to abamectin was slightly enhanced by triazophos selection, and fipronil and methomyl decreased. Synergism experiments in vivo with TPP, PBO, and DEM were performed to gain a potential indication of roles of detoxicating enzymes in triazophos resistance. The synergism results revealed that TPP (SR, 1.92) and PBO (SR 1.63) had significant synergistic effects on triazophos in resistant rice borers. While DEM (SR 0.83) showed no effects. Assays of enzyme activity in vitro demonstrated that the resistant strain had higher activity of esterase and microsomal O-demethylase than the susceptible strain (1.20- and 1.30-fold, respectively). For glutathione S-transferase activity, no difference was found between the resistant and the susceptible strain when DCNB was used as substrate. However, 1.28-fold higher activity was observed in the resistant strain when CDNB was used. These results showed that esterase and microsomal-O-demethylase play some roles in the resistance. Some iso-enzyme of glutathione S-transferase may involve in the resistance to other insecticides, for this resistant strain was selected from a field population with multiple resistance background. Acetylcholinesterase as the triazophos target was also compared. The results revealed significant differences between the resistant and susceptible strain. The Vmax and Km of the enzyme in resistant strain was only 32 and 65% that in the susceptible strain, respectively. Inhibition tests in vitro showed that I50 of triazophos on AChE of the resistant strain was 2.52-fold higher. Therefore, insensitive AChE may also involved in triazophos resistance mechanism of rice stem borer. 相似文献
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分别于2010和2011年采用点滴法测定了辽宁省辽阳地区张台子、柳壕和大石桥3个稻水象甲Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel田间种群对吡虫啉等6种杀虫剂的敏感性。发现不同种群对同一药剂的敏感性相差可达4.2~49.4倍;2011年大石桥种群对阿维菌素等3种药剂的敏感性较2010年有所下降。通过室内毒力测定筛选出了5种可有效防治稻水象甲的药剂组合:阿维菌素和三唑磷、氯虫苯甲酰胺和三唑磷分别按质量比1∶1和1∶3组合,多杀菌素和辛硫磷按质量比1∶3组合。比较了3个种群稻水象甲成虫羧酸酯酶(CarE)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTs)的活性,初步探讨了其敏感性不同的可能机制。研究结果可为该地区稻水象甲的有效控制提供参考。 相似文献
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稻螟发生演变及防治对策探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
稻螟为浙江省水稻的主要害虫。近５０ ａ 来稻螟发生的演变是：５０ 年代后期,三 化螟随着单季稻改为双季稻,而发生量大增,采用“六六六”药剂防治得到控制,至１９６５ 年,因产生抗药性而再度严重。二化螟在５０ 年代经过一度下降后,至６０ 年代初又有回升,随着三熟制的推广,迟熟早稻扩大,其发生受到抑制,至７０ 年代中期, 杂交稻面积扩大,发生 为害随之加重。８０ 年代后期,因种植业 结构调整,二化螟和三化螟又一次回升。发生上述演变的原因是耕作制 度改变、品种的更换、种植 业结构调 整、防治措施的发展和气候的变化等。防治对策应采取：适时灌水耕耙 等农业防治为基础,优 化药剂防 治策略,选用对口农药等科学用药为重点的综合治理措施。 相似文献
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通过田间试验研究不同药剂对二化螟防治效果、产量及用药成本的影响。结果表明,40%氯虫苯甲酰胺·噻虫嗪水分散粒剂10 g/667m2防治晚稻二化螟的效果明显高于常规用药15%阿维·三唑磷乳油100 mL/667m2,且40%氯虫苯甲酰胺·噻虫嗪水分散粒剂10 g/667m2能起到保护生态环境,减少农药用量、降低农药残留的作用。施药方法：于第3代二化螟卵孵盛期至2龄高峰前施药,可提高防效4.98%,每667 m2减少施药工本6元,增加产量31 kg,减少用药成本11元,667 m2增加总效益79.4元。 相似文献