共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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面对着21世纪人类粮食安全的挑战,东北农业大学、黑龙江省农业开发办公室、黑龙江省农业技术推广总站、黑龙江省农业科学院第二水稻研究所共同试验研究、示范推广了“寒地水稻三超栽培技术”。其主要技术内容包括:①标准优质超级稻;②壮秧宽行超稀植;③安全持续超高产。 相似文献
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寒地香粳水稻主栽品种绥粳18的选育难点与创新点 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过分析寒地香粳水稻主栽品种绥粳18的选育背景和技术难点,发现该品种创新点为:实现了高产、稳产、多抗、优质等优良基因累加与聚合的目标;成功构建了香粳稻核心基因库,为选育寒地香粳稻新品种奠定了重要基础;解决了寒地香粳稻育种改良技术难点,创新了思路与方法,提高了寒地香型粳稻的育种效果;育成了广适性的香粳稻品种,拓宽了种植区域与推广范围;将绥粳18成功应用于"育繁推、产加销"一体化中,实现了成果产业化,为推进农业供给侧结构性改革、加快寒地稻米产业发展注入了新动能。 相似文献
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两系超级杂交稻育种研究进展 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
综述了近年来中国在两系超级杂交稻育种理论与实践中取得的进展,提出了两系超级杂交稻育种的主攻方向和策略,认为以分子育种技术为核心,进行种质创新及亲本遗传改良是今后两系超级杂交稻育种的关键。 相似文献
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自主创新实现杂交水稻研发新飞跃 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
杂交水稻经历了由三系杂交稻、两系杂交稻到超级杂交稻的发展历程，取得了一系列重大科技成果，对中国乃至世界的粮食安全做出了巨大贡献。阐述了袁隆平院士提出的攻克超级杂交稻第3期育种目标、实施“种3产4”丰产工程和拓展杂交水稻国际化开发等新时期杂交水稻研发的重大目标，提出了以分子育种技术的运用、C4型杂交水稻的研究和杂交水稻产业化开发为突破口，坚持自主创新，实现杂交水稻研发新飞跃的战略措施。 相似文献
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Practices and Prospects of Super Hybrid Rice Breeding 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
CHEN Li-yun XIAO Ying-hui TANG Wen-bang LEI Dong-yang 《水稻科学》2007,14(2):71-77
The great progress in super rice breeding both in China and other countries has been made in recent years. However, there were three main problems in super rice breeding: 1) the super rice varieties were still rare; 2) most super rice varieties exhibited narrow adaptability; and 3) current breeding theories emphasized too much on the rice growth model, but they were unpractical in guidance for rice breeding. According to the authors’ experience on the rice breeding, the breeding strategies including three steps (super parent breeding, super hybrid rice breeding and super hybrid rice seed production) were proposed, and the objectives of each step and the key technologies to achieve the goals were elucidated in detail. The super parent of hybrid rice should exhibit excellent performance in all agronomic traits, with the yield or sink capacity reached the level of the hybrid rice control in regional trials. The super hybrid rice combination should meet the following criteria: good rice quality, wide adaptation, lodging resistance, resistance to main insects and diseases, and the yield exceeded above 8% over the control varieties in the national and provincial regional trials. To achieve the goal, the technical strategies, such as selecting optimal combination of the parents, increasing selection pressure, paying more attention to harmony of ideal plant type, excellent physiological traits and all the agronomic traits, should be emphasized. The yield of seed production should reach 3.75 t/ha and 5.25 t/ha for the super hybrid rice combinations derived from early-season and middle-season types of male sterile lines, respectively. The main technologies for raising seed production yield included selecting optimum seed production site, using the male sterile line with large sink capacity and good outcrossing characteristics, and improving the amount of the pollen by intensive cultivation of the male parent. According to the technologies of the three-step breeding on super hybrid rice, two super rice parents, including a male parent 996 and a thermo(photo)-genic male sterile [T(P)GMS] line C815S, were bred. Furthermore, a super early hybrid rice combination, Luliangyou 996, which could be used as a double-season early rice variety in middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China, was bred by using the super rice variety 996 as the male parent, and several hybrid rice combinations with higher yield than control variety in regional trials both of Hunan Province and state were bred with the T(P)GMS line C815S as the female parent. 相似文献
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简要回顾了水稻超高产育种的历史进程,指出了提高单产是增加粮食产量的根本。结合我国水稻超高产育种经典理论内容与实践,分析了水稻超高产育种的现状,提出了通过籼粳稻杂交、光敏核不育和广亲和基因等途径实现水稻超高产育种的方法。 相似文献
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北方超级粳稻育种研究进展与前景 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
从育种理论、育种技术及新品种选育等方面,综合评述了中国北方超级粳稻育种研究的进展与前景,认为培育和推广超级稻是继株型育种和杂交稻之后,提高北方粳稻综合生产能力,实现北方水稻生产跨越式发展的重要途径。在“利用籼粳稻杂交创造新株型和强优势,通过回交或复交优化性状组配,聚合有利基因,进而选育理想株型与优势利用相结合的超级稻”育种理论与技术路线确立之后,常规超级梗稻育种已取得了重大突破,成功地培育出一批优质抗病的超级稻新品种并已广泛应用于生产。与常规超级稻育种相比,超级杂交粳稻育种研究进展相对较缓慢。这一方面是由于北方气候与生态条件的限制,另一方面是育种技术研究相对落后。解决优势与生育期的矛盾、产量与品质的矛盾以及提高制种产量等问题,仍然是北方超级杂交粳稻育种所面临的严峻挑战。讨论了与超级粳稻育种有关的生理和遗传问题。 相似文献
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关于超级稻品种培育的资源和基因利用问题 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11
超级稻育种是矮化育种和杂种优势利用的深化,其本质是资源或基因及基因与环境互作的综合利用。为给超级稻育种提供思路,回顾和分析了超级稻育种中的资源及基因综合利用现状,包括籼粳基因渐渗及利用、栽培稻产量QTL累加及利用、野生稻产量及抗病基因发掘及利用、株型和根系相关基因的发掘及遗传改良等。指出由于真正能用于超级稻育种的有利基因及连锁标记还不多,水稻基因研究成果还不足以支撑超级稻分子育种,目前的超级稻育种仍以常规杂交技术和资源的综合利用为主。需要进一步发掘高产、优质、抗病虫、抗逆基因,常规育种技术与分子育种技术相结合,培育广适性或绿色超级稻。 相似文献