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1.
中国谷子育成品种维生素E含量分布规律及其与主要农艺性状和类胡萝卜素的相关性分析 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
采用正相高效液相色谱法测定200份不同省份来源的谷子育成品种籽粒中的4种维生素E(α-VE、β-VE、γ-VE和δ-VE)及叶黄素和玉米黄素2种类胡萝卜素组分的含量,并分析了谷子维生素E含量与类胡萝卜素含量和主要农艺性状的相关性。结果显示,我国谷子育成品种籽粒中VE总量、α-VE含量及(β+γ)-VE含量均呈正态分布,δ-VE含量呈偏态分布,且(β+γ)-VE是维生素E的主要组分; 陕西和吉林谷子的VE总量和(β+γ)-VE含量显著高于其他省份品种,东北三省谷子的α-VE含量显著高于其他省份,而不同省份谷子品种中δ-VE含量差异不显著;不同省份谷子品种间叶黄素含量差异达极显著(P<0.01),玉米黄素含量差异不显著,类胡萝卜素总含量差异显著(P<0.05)。相关分析表明,参试品种籽粒中叶黄素含量与VE总量呈显著正相关,与α-VE含量呈极显著正相关,与δ-VE含量呈极显著负相关,与(β+γ)-VE含量不相关;玉米黄素与VE总量和α-VE含量呈显著正相关,与δ-VE含量呈极显著负相关,与(β+γ)-VE含量不著相关;VE总量和(β+γ)-VE含量与千粒重呈显著负相关,δ-VE含量与粒重和穗重呈极显著正相关,类胡萝卜素各组分与草重呈极显著正相关。 相似文献
2.
水稻籽粒维生素E及组分在品种间的变异与分布 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
维生素E是人与动物必须从食物中摄取的微量营养元素之一,根据侧链的饱和度可将其分为生育酚和三烯生育酚,水稻种子中均含二者。本研究利用反相高效液相色谱法测定了18份籼稻和16份粳稻品种糙米中维生素E各异构体的含量。结果表明,种子中各异构体的含量在籼稻与粳稻间存在显著差异,粳稻种子中的生育酚和维生素E含量一般要高于籼稻;籼稻种子中三烯生育酚与生育酚的比值(1.61)极显著高于粳稻(0.95),籼稻中以γ-三烯生育酚为主,而粳稻中主要含α-生育酚。水稻种子中同种类型异构体(即α-型间或γ-型间)含量间具有显著正相关,但γ-型与α-型异构体间呈显著负相关。这些数据为进一步研究水稻种子中维生素E的代谢调控和营养品质改良提供了有益的表型数据。 相似文献
3.
建立了利用高效液相色谱法同时测定玉米籽粒类胡萝卜素和生育酚各组分含量的技术体系,分析了112份黄色胚乳玉米自交系的类胡萝卜素和生育酚含量,其中包括32份高油自交系和80份在生产上广泛应用的普通玉米自交系。结果表明,不同自交系间存在广泛的变异,各组分含量变幅最大的是α-生育酚,含量相差达162倍;变幅最小的是δ-生育酚,含量相差也接近4倍。类胡萝卜素各组分含量在高油和普通玉米自交系之间并没有显著差异,但普通玉米的变异范围更为广泛;高油玉米生育酚各组分含量显著高于普通玉米,其中γ-生育酚、α-生育酚和总生育酚含量的均值分别是普通玉米均值的2.4、2.5和2.4倍。尽管供试的高油玉米材料仅32份,但其生育酚的某些组分比普通玉米具有更广泛的遗传变异。这为进一步的玉米高油、高维生素A原、高维生素E,即“三高”品质成分育种提供了有益参考。 相似文献
4.
γ-生育酚甲基转移酶(γ-TMT)催化γ-生育酚转变为生物活性最高的α-生育酚,是决定植物中维生素E成分和活性的关键酶。本研究采用电子克隆与PCR相结合的方法获得了花生６个栽培品种(A. hypogaea L.)和花生区组4个二倍体野生种中γ-TMT的全长DNA序列,定名为AhgTMT;从栽培品种丰花2号中获得γ-TMT的cDNA序列,定名为AhrTMT。同一栽培品种的AhgTMT与AhrTMT的序列完全对应,说明该基因无内含子。AhrTMT编码区长1 059 bp,编码352个氨基酸残基的AhTMT蛋白。AhTMT分子量为39.09 kD,等电点6.72,总平均亲水性–0.12;预测的二级结构中α-螺旋占55.40%, β-折叠占10.51%, 无规则卷曲占34.09%;被定位于叶绿体,含有甲基转移酶保守的SAM结构域。AhTMT与已报道植物γ-TMT氨基酸序列的相似性为61.75%~72.80%。栽培品种的AhgTMT与A. ipaensis (BB)、A. batizocoi (BB)、A. duranensis (AA)、A. kuhlmannii (AA) 4个野生种的核苷酸序列同源性分别是100%、99.91%、99.74%、95.63%。 相似文献
5.
大豆籽粒维生素E含量的QTL分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
维生素E(VE)具有提高人体免疫力、抗癌、预防心血管疾病等保健作用,从大豆中提取的VE安全性更高。本研究采用高效液相色谱技术(HPLC)检测大豆BIEX群体(Essex×ZDD2315)维生素E的α-生育酚、γ-生育酚和δ-生育酚含量。应用QTLNetwork 2.1软件分别检测到8个和12对控制大豆维生素E及组分含量的加性和互作QTL。α-生育酚含量加性和互作QTL累计贡献值分别为8.68%(2个)和15.57%(4对),γ-生育酚含量加性和互作QTL累计贡献值分别为8.59%(2个)和11.57%(2对),δ-生育酚含量加性和互作QTL累计贡献值分别为5.44%(1个)和17.61%(3对),维生素E总含量的加性和互作QTL累计贡献值分别为11.39%(3个)和9.48%(3对)。未检测到维生素E及组分含量和环境互作的QTL。未定位到的微效QTL累计贡献值为66.16%~75.32%,说明未定位到的微效基因的变异占2/3以上。各性状的遗传构成中,未检测出的微效QTL份额最大,加性QTL和互作QTL贡献相差不大。在育种中应考虑常规方法聚合微效QTL与标记辅助方法聚合主要QTL相结合。 相似文献
6.
采用高效液相色谱检测60个不同玉米籽粒颜色自交系中类胡萝卜素（叶黄素、玉米黄质、β-隐黄质和β-胡萝卜素）含量,结果显示,叶黄素、玉米黄质、β-隐黄质和β-胡萝卜素的平均含量分别为56.32、0.85、1.31和5.75mg/kg。按籽粒颜色由浅到深,将60个玉米自交系分为4个等级,颜色越深的品种类胡萝卜素含量越高。对R、G、B、Gray值与类胡萝卜素含量进行相关分析表明,R、G、B和Gray值之间存在极显著正相关（P<0.01）,相关系数分别为0.992（G与Gray）和0.939（R与Gray）,4种类胡萝卜素含量间呈极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.830（β-隐黄质与β-胡萝卜素）和0.815（β-隐黄质与玉米黄质）。根据类胡萝卜素含量对60个玉米自交系进行聚类分析,60个自交系分为5类,其中第1类类胡萝卜素含量最低,第2类属于中富含类胡萝卜素的自交系,第5类属于高维生素A含量的自交系。综上可知,类胡萝卜素的种类及其含量是影响籽粒颜色的重要因素,可为培育高胡萝卜素含量的玉米品种提供依据。 相似文献
7.
不同作物中维生素E含量的测定和比较 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
该研究利用HPLC法测定了玉米、大豆和油菜不同品种籽粒中维生素E的含量,并对3种作物及每种作物不同品种之间的维生素E含量进行了比较分析。结果表明：3种作物的VE总量为油菜>大豆>玉米;活性最高的α-生育酚含量为油菜>玉米>大豆。每种作物不同品种间VE总量与α-生育酚含量比较发现,玉米不同品种间的变化最大,其VE总量与α-生育酚含量的变化范围分别在12.05~128.63 mg/100 g之间和0.93~52.01 mg/100 g之间。这些数据为将来的基因工程育种、食用油选购等提供依据。 相似文献
8.
生育酚（维生素E）具有防止人体动脉硬化、降低胆固醇、增强血液循环和防治心血管疾病等多种功效。大豆较其他植物含有更为丰富的生育酚,但目前大规模筛选优异种质的工作开展较少且研究不够深入。鉴于此,利用299份大豆品种资源,通过高效液相色谱法测定其籽粒生育酚及其组分含量,明确其遗传变异及相关性,并筛选生育酚含量高的特异种质。结果表明,供试大豆品种生育酚及其组分含量存在丰富的遗传变异,其δ-、γ-、α-生育酚及总生育酚平均含量分别为44.15、143.05、66.81及254.01μg/g,变异系数在15.37%~38.04%之间,α-生育酚变异系数最高;3种成分占总含量比值分别为17.47%、56.57%和25.96%,变异系数为11.78%~32.21%,α-生育酚比值变异系数最高;同时发现,总含量与3种组分含量间的相关系数均达到极显著水平,δ-生育酚与γ-及α-生育酚的相关系数也达极显著水平;基于各供试品种生育酚及其组分含量,将其分为3类,并筛选出13份高生育酚含量特异种质,其中包括黑河44、合丰50、合农75和绥农28等,为今后通过常规及分子育种方法实现生育酚及其组分含量遗传改良奠定了材料基础。 相似文献
9.
维生素E是大豆的重要功能性成分之一,其含量与组成随品种和生长环境的不同而存在差异。本研究采用高效液相色谱法,以黑龙江省品种合丰25和加拿大品种Bayfield为材料,利用硅胶柱为固定相,甲醇:水(90:10,V/V)为流动相,测定900份黑龙江省哈尔滨、绥化、呼兰三个地区大豆资源中的维生素E含量,使用荧光检测器检测(Ex=295nm,Em=330nm),以α-生育酚、γ-生育酚,β-生育酚为标准品,分析了不同地区大豆中维生素E含量中各个成分的差异。结果显示,哈尔滨地区大豆品种中维生素E的含量最高,最适宜种植大豆维生素E品种。 相似文献
10.
大豆2-甲基-6-植基-1,4-苯醌甲基转移酶（GmVTE3）对转基因拟南芥生育酚组成的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
摘要：2-甲基-6-植基-1,4-苯醌甲基转移酶（MPBQ-MT,VTE3）催化2-甲基-6-植基-1,4-苯醌（MPBQ）的甲基化,生成2,3-二甲基-6-叶绿基-1,4-苯醌（DMPBQ）,是维生素E合成过程中的关键酶之一。本研究利用已克隆的大豆2-甲基-6-植基-1,4-苯醌甲基转移酶基因(GmVTE3)构建了植物表达载体,转化模式植物拟南芥。利用HPLC对转基因拟南芥种子和叶片进行了维生素E含量测定,结果表明转基因植株种子中γ-生育酚/δ-生育酚比值比野生型提高1.7倍,而叶片中δ-生育酚则全部转化为γ-生育酚。表明GmVTE3可以有效的把δ-生育酚转化成活性较高的γ-生育酚,从而提高植物中高活性的维生素E的含量。 相似文献
11.
Abebe Menkir Bussie Maziya-Dixon Wende Mengesha Torbert Rocheford Emmanuel Oladeji Alamu 《Euphytica》2017,213(5):105
Maize has been targeted as one of the major crops for provitamin enrichment and delivery because it is an inexpensive and easily available source of food for millions of people in sub-Saharan Africa. Although tropical-adapted yellow maize contains provitamin-A carotenoids that can be converted into vitamin A in the human body, they represent less than 25% of the total carotenoids in most widely grown and consumed maize cultivars in Africa. Novel genes conditioning high concentration of β-carotene and other carotenoids were then continually introduced from the temperate zone and tropics to boost provitamin A in tropical-adapted maize. Several promising inbred lines developed from backcrosses involving diverse exotic donor lines displayed provitamin A concentrations that match or surpass the current breeding target of 15 μg g?1. Some of these lines attained high provitamin A content by accumulating mainly high β-carotene while others contained high provitamin A by promoting accumulation of high levels of both carotenes and xanthophylls. Several inbred lines with intermediate to high levels of provitamin A have already been used to develop hybrids and synthetics without compromising grain yield and other adaptive traits that are required to profitably cultivate maize by farmers in West and Central Africa. 相似文献
12.
Faqiang Feng Feng Deng Peng Zhou Jianbin Yan Qingfeng Wang Ruichun Yang Xiaoqin Li 《Euphytica》2013,193(3):409-417
Tocopherols have several beneficial effects in plants, and are indispensable micronutrients for humans. Sweet corn is a major source of tocopherols in high concentrations. In this investigation, tocopherol compounds in sweet corn were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. To detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling accumulation of tocopherols at the milk stage in sweet corn, a F2 population consisting of 229 F2:3 lines was created from the cross between a high-total tocopherols line (A6) and a low-total tocopherols line (A57). A genetic map was constructed using 136 polymorphic molecular markers including one gene-targeted marker based on the tocopherol biosynthesis pathway (HPPD). Eleven putative QTLs for tocopherol content and composition were detected by composite interval mapping and located on Chr. 1, Chr. 2, Chr. 5, Chr. 6 and Chr. 10. Phenotypic variance explained by each QTL ranged from 4.74 to 41.16 %. Eight mapped QTLs were co-localized, suggesting that the same QTL affected the amounts of more than one tocopherol compound. One candidate gene-targeted marker (HPPD) showed co-localization with the major QTL for γ-tocopherol and total tocopherols. Only one interval (umc1177–bnlg1429) on chromosome one exhibited a QTL for α, δ, γ, and total tocopherols with high LOD and R2 values. The primary conclusion of this work is that two major QTLs located on Chr. 1 and Chr. 5 can be used for improvement of sweet corn nutrition quality by marker-assisted selection. 相似文献
13.
Constantino Tomás Senete Paulo Evaristo de Oliveira Guimarães Maria Cristina Dias Paes João Cândido de Souza 《Euphytica》2011,182(3):395-404
Vitamin A deficiency causes xerophthalmia in preschool-aged children worldwide. The objective of this study was to estimate
the genetic parameters that would be useful in selecting parent plants for developing productive hybrids with higher levels
of provitamin A in the maize kernel. A complete 7 × 7 diallel mating scheme was used to generate 21 single-cross hybrids.
The F1 crosses and check hybrids were evaluated in complete block design across three different Brazilian environments, and carotenoid
content was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. General combining ability effects were significant for all
traits except α-carotene This result indicates that the contribution of the additive effect was more important for provitamin
A and other carotenoids and, consequently that there is high chance of improving this trait through recurrent selection methods.
Line 3 produced the highest level of kernel provitamin A among the inbred lines evaluated and also demonstrated the potential
to contribute to the development of genetic materials with a good performance for provitamin A. Inbred lines 1, 6, and 7 showed
a higher concentration of favorable alleles for grain yield, and inbred lines 3 and 6 exhibited a higher concentration of
favorable alleles for β-carotene. Hybrid 1 × 3 performed well in terms of provitamin A and grain yield and combination 2 × 3
was the best performer in terms of lutein content. 相似文献
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15.
Leonardo Velasco Elena García‐Navarro Begoña Pérez‐Vich José M. Fernández‐Martínez 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(6):694-700
Tocopherols are compounds present in oilseeds with major effect on nutritional and technological properties of seed oils. Brassica spp. mainly contain varying concentrations of α‐tocopherol, with high vitamin E value, and γ‐tocopherol, which contributes to oil stability. The objective of this research was to select for contrasting tocopherol content and profile in Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun). A collection of 211 F4:5 lines was evaluated for tocopherol content and profile, and divergent selection was conducted till the S3:4 generation. Selection resulted in two lines with increased tocopherol content (244 and 243 mg/kg seed as average of four environments), one line with reduced tocopherol content (117 mg/kg), two lines with reduced α/γ‐tocopherol ratio (0.22 and 0.28) and two lines with increased α/γ‐tocopherol ratio (3.74 and 3.34). Control line C‐101 averaged 196 mg/kg with α/γ‐tocopherol ratio of 1.10. Reduced α/γ‐tocopherol ratio was controlled by recessive alleles at a single locus. Seed to plant correlation was high (r = 0.92), which suggests the feasibility of selecting at the single‐seed level. 相似文献