共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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内蒙古二狼山白山羊遗传性甲状腺肿杂合子的测交试验,以及其纯合子甲状腺组织中T_3、T_4免疫组化定量、半定量和定位分析结果表明,本病属常染色体单基因隐性遗传病;其纯合子羔羊甲状腺明显肿大(P<0.01),甲状腺组织高度增生,T_3、T_4含量明显降低(P<0.01);T_3、T_4主要定位于滤泡腔胶质和滤泡上皮细胞滤泡腔缘的胞浆中,且着色强弱不一.T_3、T_4的半定量与定量分析之间呈密切的直线相关关系.讨论了二狼山白山羊甲状腺肿大的原因、结果,以及T_3、T_4的定位与甲状腺上皮细胞功能的关系. 相似文献
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应用光镜和透射电镜技术,研究2月龄非洲雏鸵鸟甲状腺的显微和超微结构。结果表明,非洲雏鸵鸟甲状腺实质由甲状腺滤泡和滤泡旁细胞组成;甲状腺滤泡大小不一,直径20.0～280.0μm,平均69.9μm;滤泡主要由单层立方上皮细胞围成,上皮细胞高5.0～15.0μm,平均9.4μm。电镜下,滤泡上皮细胞分为A、B两型,A型细胞呈立方形或低柱状,胞核较大,常染色质丰富;胞质内RER、线粒体、高尔基复合体和溶酶体等细胞器丰富;B型细胞呈扁平或低立方形,胞核扁椭圆形,异染色质较多;胞质内各种细胞器不发达。滤泡旁细胞卵圆形或多边形,数量较少,胞体较大,位于滤泡间或滤泡上皮细胞之间;胞质内RER、线粒体、高尔基复合体和分泌颗粒较多。研究结果提示2月龄非洲雏鸵鸟的甲状腺功能比较活跃,能够合成、分泌较多的甲状腺激素和一定量的降钙素。 相似文献
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恒河猴甲状腺与甲状旁腺的组织学观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用光镜和透射电镜技术，探讨了2～15岁恒河猴甲状腺和甲状旁腺的细微结构。结果表明，甲状腺实质由滤泡和滤泡旁细胞构成。滤泡大小不等，平均直径173μm，由单层低立方上皮细胞围成，细胞平均高度4．93μm，胞质内含较丰富的细胞器和胶质小泡等。滤泡旁细胞较少，平均直径13．20μm，位于滤泡之间或镶嵌于滤泡上皮细胞之间，胞质内含少量的分泌颗粒。甲状旁腺位于甲状腺内，其实质由暗主细胞、淡主细胞、暗嗜酸性细胞、淡嗜酸性细胞组成，并可见腺泡样结构和脂肪细胞。主细胞平均直径6．96μm，嗜酸性细胞11．69μm。 相似文献
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康贝尔鸭开产前、后甲状腺组织结构的变化 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
用光镜和电镜观察了康贝尔母鸭(产前组、开产组各15只)的甲状腺组织结构。结果:各组右侧甲状腺的重量和体积均大于左侧,开产组左、右测甲状腺的重量和体积均相应大于产前组;产前鸭甲状腺滤泡的直径,上皮细胞和核的高度分别为97±8μm,5.7±0.9μm,4.1±0.3μm,开产鸭则为87±18μm,8.3±0.7μm,4.83±0.24μm;开产鸭比产前鸭甲状腺具有一系列功能旺盛的结构象,如上皮细胞的游离面有长而多的微绒毛和明显的伪足,胞质内胶质滴、初级溶酶体、线粒体的数量较多,高尔基体发达,粗面内质网池扩张等。用氨银染色法,两组鸭均未发现滤泡旁细胞。此外,讨论了甲状隙的结构与功能的关系及甲状腺和性腺的关系。 相似文献
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Shimokawa T Nakanishi I Hondo E Iwasaki T Kiso Y Makita T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(6):509-512
To accumulate histological information of cetaceans and basic information about metabolic systems of marine mammals, the thyroid gland of Risso's dolphins was examined by gross anatomical and light and electron microscopic observations. Gross anatomically, right and left lobes of the thyroid were not clearly discriminated, and no isthmus was observed. By light microscopy, irregular or oval follicular lumens were seen, and surrounded by follicular epithelial cells. By electron microscopy, the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) was seen adjacently to mitochondria at the basal and lateral regions of the follicular epithelial cells. RERs at the basal side of the cells sometimes contained flocculent material with the same electron density as the follicular lumen component. Microvilli were poorly developed at the apical surface of the cells. In the apical regions of the cells, there were typical Golgi complexes, multivesicular bodies, and granules with various size and electron density. The parafollicular cells were recognized among the follicular epithelial cells and in the interstitial regions but never protruded into the follicular lumen. These cells were present singly and/or formed clusters among the follicular epithelial cells, and often located adjacent to capillaries. They were obviously discriminated from follicular epithelial cells by higher electron density of their granules. In their cytoplasm, well-developed rERs, primary lysosomes, secondary lysosomes, multivesicular bodies, and phagosomes were recognized. 相似文献
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Quantitative morphologic study of the pituitary and thyroid glands of dogs administered L-thyroxine.
D L Panciera C E Atkins W T Bosu E G MacEwen 《American journal of veterinary research》1990,51(1):27-31
To determine the effects of long-term thyroxine treatment, histomorphometric analysis was performed on the pituitary and thyroid glands of healthy dogs, dogs treated for 9 weeks with a replacement dose of L-thyroxine, and dogs at 6 weeks after cessation of thyroxine treatment. In treated dogs, the volume density of thyrotropes decreased during thyroxine treatment and increased 6 weeks after cessation of treatment, compared with thyrotropes of healthy nontreated dogs. The activity of the thyroid gland was decreased in dogs during thyroxine treatment, as evidenced by decreases in epithelial volume density, epithelial height, and follicular area, and increase in colloid volume density, compared with thyroid gland activity in nontreated dogs. After cessation of thyroxine treatment, the thyroid gland had decreased colloid area, follicular area, and epithelial volume density, and increased interstitial volume density, compared with the thyroid gland of healthy nontreated dogs. Thyroxine treatment resulted in suppression of pituitary thyrotropes and thyroid follicular activity. 相似文献
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This study was aimed to compare structures of the thyroid tissue of transgenic rabbits expressing the human clotting factor VIII under the murine whey acidic protein promoter (mWAP-hFVIII rabbits) with the non-transgenic controls. Thyroid tissue samples were taken from transgenic and non-transgenic New Zealand White rabbits, examined by optical microscopy and analysed morphometrically. The analysis revealed no significant differences (P > 0.05) in the relative volume of basic thyroid structures. Furthermore, no significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed when measuring the epithelial height and nuclear diameter of the follicular cells. Altogether, this study demonstrates no negative effect of the mWAP-hFVIII transgenesis on the rabbit thyroid gland structure. 相似文献
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M Shirai K Arishima M Yamamoto Y Ueda Y Eguchi 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1989,51(2):244-250
Hypothalamus-independent negative feedback mechanism of the pituitary-thyroid axis was studied by electron microscopic observation of thyroid follicular cells of encephalectomized or hypophysectomized fetal rats under hypothyroidism induced by propylthiouracil (PTU). Fetal hypophysectomy or encephalectomy was performed on day 19 of gestation. Mother rats were given either a daily amount of 40 mg PTU or saline alone on the day of operation and on the next day. On day 21, their fetuses were obtained. As a result, PTU induced marked goiters even in encephalectomized fetuses, the goiters being comparable in weight to those induced in littermate intact fetuses. Electron microscopically, the follicular lumen was narrowed, microvilli were lengthened with a marked increase in number, and rER was extremely expanded. Follicular cells often confined colloid droplets and lysosomes. Fetal hypophysectomy, even in PTU-treatment, caused a reduction in the thyroid weight, accompanied by flattening of follicular cells, shortening of microvilli, widening of follicular lumen, and shrinkage of rER. These findings would support the view that the negative feedback mechanism of the pituitary-thyroid axis can operate without the hypothalamus in fetal rats. 相似文献
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Weng Q Saita E Watanabe G Takahashi S Sedqyar M Suzuki AK Taneda S Taya K 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(6):1335-1341
To investigate the effect of hypothyroidism on gonadal and adrenal functions in male Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica), hypothyroidism was induced in male adult Japanese quail by daily administration of 2-Mercapto-1-methylimidazole (methimazole) in their drinking water. Four weeks after methimazole treatment, the Japanese quail were sacrificed, and the plasma concentrations of free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), total T3 (TT3), total T4 (TT4), corticosterone, testosterone, LH and immunoreactive (ir) inhibins were measured by radioimmunoassay, the testes and adrenal glands were removed and weighed and the thyroid glands and testes were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for histological observation. The results showed that the hypothyroidism induced by methimazole caused a significant decrease in body and testes weight; the plasma levels of FT3, FT4 and TT4 significantly decreased, and the hypothyroid quail possessed a greater number of small follicles and more follicular epithelial cells in the thyroid gland. In addition, hypothyroidism resulted in a significant decrease in the plasma concentrations of corticosterone, LH, testosterone and ir-inhibin. Furthermore, no spermatogenesis was found in the seminiferous tubules of the methimazole treatment groups. These results clearly demonstrate that hypothyroidism caused both gonadal and adrenal disturbances in the adult male Japanese quail. 相似文献
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Nodular thyroid hyperplasia was found in a 4-year-old male cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). The monkey was clinically normal; however, necropsy revealed multiple variably sized nodules in both lobes of the thyroid gland. In contrast to the fairly uniform diameter of the lumen of follicles in the surrounding gland, the diameter of the follicular lumen within the hyperplastic nodules was highly variable and ranged from nonexistent to cystlike. Occasionally, in the larger follicles there were papillary infoldings of epithelium. The hyperplastic nodules were partially encapsulated by a fibrous capsule and showed little compression of the surrounding tissue. The follicular cells and colloid comprising the hyperplastic nodule were immunohistochemically positively stained with the antibody for thyroglobulin. Ultrastructurally, the cells forming follicles had numerous microvilli along the luminal surface, and lysosomal bodies and dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm. All these morphologic findings are consistent with nodular thyroid hyperplasia, which is rare in nonhuman primates. 相似文献
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K Taniguchi Y Shutoh S Mikami 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1990,52(1):19-27
The development of endocrine cells in the thyroid and parathyroid glands in the golden hamster was studied immunohistochemically in relation to the formation of these glands. The thyroid was formed on day 9 of gestation by the ventral outpocketing of the foregut between the first and second branchial pouches. The thyroid epithelial cells were faintly thyroglobulin-immunoreactive on day 10.5 of gestation. This immunoreaction became intense thereafter, but was almost confined to the cytoplasm of epithelial cells until birth. It appeared in the follicular lumen in newborn animals. The ultimobranchial body was derived from the fifth pouch and fused with the thyroid on day 12 of gestation. Calcitonin-immunoreactive cells first appeared on day 14 of gestation in the dorsomedial part of the thyroid derived from the ultimobranchial body and increased in number and intensity thereafter. Somatostatin-immunoreactive cells also appeared in the dorsomedial part of the thyroid derived from the ultimobranchial body on day 13 of gestation, and increased in number in newborn animals, but decreased thereafter. The parathyroid was derived from the third pouch, situated on day 13 of gestation on the dorsolateral side of the thyroid, and surrounded by a common capsule with the thyroid. Parathormone-immunoreactive cells first appeared on day 15 of gestation in the parathyroid and increased in number and intensity after birth. 相似文献
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【目的】试验旨在揭示豫西黑猪背最长肌肌纤维组织学、肌纤维类型和成肌调控相关基因发育性变化及其相互之间的关系。【方法】选取平均体重约为60、75、90、105和120 kg共5个体重阶段的豫西黑猪，每个体重屠宰3头，共15头，公母随机。采用HE染色和免疫荧光染色分析快慢肌类型组成和纤维组织学特性，利用实时荧光定量PCR方法测定成肌调控相关基因生肌决定因子（myogenic differentiation，MyoD）、配对盒7（paired-box 7，Pax7）、肌肉生长抑制素（myostatin，MSTN）、肌细胞生成素（myogenin，MyoG）、肌细胞增强因子2C （myocyte enhancer factor 2C，MEF2C）和肌纤维肌球蛋白重链（myosin heavy chain，MyHC）亚型的mRNA表达量。【结果】随着豫西黑猪体重的增加，肌纤维密度整体呈下降趋势，在75 kg时极显著高于其他体重阶段（P<0.01），肌纤维面积和肌纤维直径整体呈上升趋势；慢肌面积占比在60和105 kg时显著或极显著低于其他体重阶段（P<0.05；P<0.01），快慢肌所占面积总百分比在90 kg时极显著低于其他体重阶段（P<0.01）。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果发现，MyHCⅠ基因mRNA表达量在75和105 kg时极显著高于其他体重阶段（P<0.01），MyHCⅡA基因mRNA表达量整体呈下降趋势，MyHCⅡX基因mRNA表达量在60 kg时达到最高，而MyHCⅡB基因mRNA表达量在75 kg时极显著低于其他体重阶段（P<0.01）；MyoD、Pax7、MSTN、MyoG、MEF2C基因mRNA表达量分别于60、75、90、120、120 kg时达到最大值。相关性分析结果表明，除MSTN基因外，MyoG、MyoD、Pax7和MEF2C基因均与肌纤维形态和MyHC基因各亚型之间有显著或极显著的相关性（P<0.05；P<0.01）；通过对120 kg的豫西黑猪和杜洛克猪比较发现，两者间肌纤维直径、肌纤维面积、肌纤维密度，以及MyHC和相关成肌调控基因mRNA表达量均有极显著差异（P<0.01）。【结论】在豫西黑猪60~120 kg生长阶段，肌纤维面积、肌纤维直径整体呈上升趋势，肌纤维密度呈下降趋势；在肌肉发育过程中，纤维类型组成的变化主要是Ⅰ、ⅡA、ⅡX型肌纤维向ⅡB型肌纤维的转化；与杜洛克猪相比，豫西黑猪肌纤维面积和肌纤维直径较大，肌纤维密度较低，MyHCⅠ与MyHCⅡA基因mRNA表达量较高。 相似文献