共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 242 毫秒
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为分析巴梅猪繁殖性能的育种进展,试验整理了2013年7月份—2015年12月份梅山猪保种场繁育实绩并随机抽取205窝,对巴梅、梅山纯繁、巴×梅杂交猪的初产、经产的总产仔数、产活仔数、初生个体重、初生窝重、21日龄育成数、21日龄个体重和21日龄窝重进行统计及分析。结果表明:初产巴梅猪的初生窝重极显著高于初产梅山纯繁猪和巴×梅杂交猪(P0.01);巴梅猪、梅山纯繁猪、巴×梅杂交猪的初产、经产的总产仔数、产活仔数及21日龄育成数差异不显著(P0.05);经产巴梅猪的初生窝重和21日龄窝重极显著高于梅山纯繁猪和巴×梅杂交猪(P0.01)。说明巴梅猪较好地遗传了母本梅山猪的高繁殖性能,并表现了父本巴克夏猪的生长发育优势。 相似文献
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由于梅山猪的高产仔性能,近20年来已被国外竞相引进,主要目的是用以改良其本国猪种的产仔性能。这些国家对梅山猪并不局限于杂交利用,还从基础理论方面进行研究,如梅山猪高产仔性能的生理机制、基因定位．主效基因检测等,探索梅山猪的高产仔性能的机理和控制基因。随着分子遗传技术的进展,有可能将高产基因直接插入西方猪的基因组,以避免梅山猪生长慢、瘦肉率低的缺点,创建新的合成系,以提高养猪业的经济效益。 相似文献
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本研究旨在检测猪GPR54基因多态性,分析其与产仔数之间的关系。采用PCR-SSCP、PCR-R FLP和直接测序方法,对小梅山猪、枫泾猪和大白猪3个群体218头繁殖母猪进行GPR54基因的多态分析,并采用最小二乘法分析其与616窝小梅山母猪繁殖记录的关系。结果表明:在3对引物(P1、P4、P8)中检测到3个多态位点,其中1个多态位点(P1)导致氨基酸的改变(Leu35Pro),P4与P8位点的基因遗传为连锁遗传;P1位点上,2胎以上小梅山母猪中,BB型个体的产活仔数(NBA)比AB型和AA型分别高0.69、1.65头(P0.01),所有胎次中,BB型个体的TNB和NBA均高于AA型(P0.01)和AB型(P0.01);P4/P8位点上,杂合型的总产仔数(TNB)和NBA均高于纯合型。结果提示,对于小梅山猪,P1位点的BB基因型可作为小梅山猪辅助选择的遗传标记。 相似文献
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小梅山猪促卵泡素β基因多态性及其与繁殖性能的关系 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
用PCR SSCPs法检测小梅山猪母猪群促卵泡素 (FSH) β基因的多态性 ,分析该基因与产仔数和仔猪体重的关系。小梅山猪母猪群FSH β基因N基因频率为 0 .4 14 1,n基因频率为 0 .5 85 9,该基因处于遗传非平衡状态。nn基因型母猪的总产仔数和产活仔数比NN型母猪的分别多 0 .7头和 1.1头 (P <0 .0 5 )。小梅山猪产仔数曲线是开口向下的二次曲线 ,其中nn型母猪具有较理想的产仔模型 ,其拟合的最高产仔数最大 ,且产仔数达高峰后下降较慢。nn型母猪的仔猪初生重比NN基因型母猪的重 (P <0 .0 5 )。杂合型母猪的总产仔数 (12 .38)、产活仔数 (11.6 9)、仔猪初生重 (1.72 )和 35日龄断奶重 (2 0 .16 )比纯合型母猪的大 ,表现出一定的杂合效应。这些结果提示母猪的n等位基因对产仔数和仔猪初生重有利 ,该基因可望用于猪的标记辅助选择 相似文献
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采用混合基因池和直接测序方法,寻找猪LHR基因第11外显子区域的SNP;利用PCR-RFLP技术对小梅山猪、枫泾猪和大白猪3个群体218头繁殖母猪进行大规模检测,并采用最小二乘法分析其与616窝小梅山猪繁殖记录的关系。结果表明,在猪LHR基因第11外显子1 351bp处发现1个SNP（C→T）;利用错配PCR技术产生1个新的酶切位点SphⅠ,经RFLP分析,在小梅山猪群体中检测到3种基因型：MM、MN、NN,其中MN基因型频率最高（0.69）,而枫泾猪和大白猪中只检测到MM型个体;关联分析及方差分析结果表明,对于小梅山猪母猪,2胎以上中,MN型的总产仔数（TNB）显著高于NN型（P〈0.05）;所有胎次中,MN型的TNB和活产仔数（NBA）均显著高于NN型（P〈0.05）;初步表明,MN基因型为优势基因型,TNB和NBA的遗传主要受基因的显性效应的影响;LHR基因第11外显子可作为小梅山猪辅助选择的遗传标记。 相似文献
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上期回顾:上一期简要介绍了决定梅山猪与欧洲猪种窝产仔数的因素、窝产仔数与相关繁殖性状、采用传统选育与分子遗传学方法提高窝产仔数和与窝产仔数有关的候选基因. 相似文献
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在藏猪中心产区建立藏猪选育基础群,对其外貌特征、繁殖性能和生长发育进行个体测定。采用综合育种值对基础群藏猪按照高繁殖力和快生长高瘦肉率2个方向进行选种。经过3个世代的选育,2个品系藏猪外貌体型更典型;高繁殖力品系总产仔数、产活仔数、初生窝重、断奶仔数和断奶窝重分别达到了7.65头、7.16头、5.42 kg、6.46头和31.05 kg;快生长高瘦肉率品系初生重、断奶重、25 kg日龄、屠宰率、腿臀率、瘦肉率和眼肌面积分别达到了0.78kg、7.87 kg、260.5 d、61.65%、31.44%、63.49%和9.13 cm2,背膘厚减小至8.19 mm,肉质性状变化不大,保持了藏猪良好的特性。 相似文献
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在藏猪中心产区建立藏猪选育基础群,对其外貌特征、繁殖性能和生长发育进行个体测定.采用综合育种值对基础群藏猪按照高繁殖力和快生长高瘦肉率2个方向进行选种.经过3个世代的选育,2个品系藏猪外貌体型更典型;高繁殖力品系总产仔数、产活仔数、初生窝重、断奶仔数和断奶窝重分别达到了7.65头、7.16头、5.42 kg、6.46头和31.05 kg;快生长高瘦肉率品系初生重、断奶重、25 kg日龄、屠宰率、腿臀率、瘦肉率和眼肌面积分别达到了0.78kg、7.87 kg、260.5 d、61.65%、31.44%、63.49%和9.13 cm2,背膘厚减小至8.19 mm,肉质性状变化不大,保持了藏猪良好的特性. 相似文献
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Novel insight into the control of litter size in pigs, using placental efficiency as a selection tool. 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
Chinese Meishan pigs produce three to five more pigs per litter than less-prolific U.S. or European pig breeds as a result of a markedly decreased placental size and an increased pig weight: placental weight ratio (placental efficiency). We hypothesized that as a result of their intense selection for prolificacy, the Chinese had indirectly selected for a smaller, more efficient placenta in the Meishan breed. The goals of this study were to determine whether 1) significant variation in placental size and efficiency existed within our population of purebred Yorkshire pigs and 2) selection of pigs (boars and gilts) based on clear differences in placental size and efficiency would affect litter size. There was significant (approximately threefold) variation in placental efficiency in our herd of Yorkshire pigs, and marked (approximately twofold) variation existed within individual litters. We then selected pigs (boars and gilts) that had either a higher (A Group) or lower (B Group) than average placental efficiency. Although the birth weights of selected A Group pigs were similar to those of the B Group pigs, they had markedly smaller placentae. Males from each group (A or B) were bred to the females of the same group, and farrowing data were collected from parities 1 and 2. In both parities, A Group females farrowed more live pigs per litter than did B Group females (12.5 +/- .7 vs 9.6 +/- .5, P < .05). Although A Group pigs were on average approximately 20% lighter than B group pigs (1.2 +/- .1 vs 1.5 +/- .1 kg, P < .05), their placentae were approximately 40% lighter (250 +/- 10 vs 347 +/- 15 g, P < .01), resulting in a marked increase in placental efficiency. The results of this study suggest that selection on placental size and efficiency may provide a valuable tool for optimizing litter size in commercially important pig breeds. 相似文献
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为充分利用地方猪种资源,培育优质、高效的专门化母本新品系,以长白猪、梅山猪、通城猪和湖北白猪为遗传资源,进行了湖北白猪新品系的选育。经过6个世代持续选育,各品种在品系的血统比例分别为45.15%、23.39%、7.08%和24.38%。湖北白猪优质系初产母猪产仔数达12.13头/窝,经产母猪达13.52头/窝,经产母猪产活仔数12.74头/窝;肥育期平均日增重达到621.39 g,达90 kg体重日龄为179.26 d,料重比3.15。90 kg体重阶段屠宰率为74.96%,屠体背膘厚为2.64cm,瘦肉率为58.69%,眼肌面积为38.02 cm2,肌内脂肪含量3.05%。 相似文献
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为从基因组水平上探究香猪性成熟早、产仔数少、体型小的分子机理,本研究下载与香猪在繁殖和体型性状方面有明显差异的梅山猪、杜洛克猪的重测序数据作为参照,对26头香猪、24头梅山猪和24头杜洛克猪的重测序数据进行SNPs检测和等位基因频率差值分析,筛选香猪基因组外显子上与梅山猪、杜洛克猪高度分化的SNPs位点,并使用AS-PCR方法和Sanger测序方法统计其中8个SNPs位点的群体等位基因频率。最后,对含有高度分化SNPs位点的基因进行GO功能富集和KEGG通路分析。结果显示,SNPs检测获得香猪基因组外显子上SNPs共236 710个,包括193个终止密码子丢失、1 238个终止密码子获得、90 945个错义SNPs和144 334个同义SNPs。得到1 046个香猪高度分化SNPs,包括429个错义SNPs、2个终止子丢失、6个终止子获得和609个同义SNPs,影响524个蛋白质编码基因;并发现X染色体上44-58 Mb的一段富含高度分化SNPs的热点区域。群体等位基因频率验证结果与重测序结果一致,鉴定了8个位点均为香猪与梅山猪、杜洛克猪高度分化的SNPs。对524个含有高度分化SNPs的基因进行GO和KEGG分析,富集到卵母细胞减数分裂、雌激素信号途径等繁殖相关通路;GO功能注释到细胞内雌激素受体信号、纤毛运动等繁殖相关条目,骨骼系统形态发生、骨骼发育、成骨细胞分化等体型相关条目。得到含有香猪高度分化SNPs的18个繁殖性状候选基因PTGFR、TRO、DNAH17、PKDREJ、KAT8、DNAI2、VDR、TEX14、QSOX1、AR、WNK3、ADCY3、SPEF1、MIGA2、SLC2A8、PSMF1、TBC1D20、IFT172和7个体型相关基因IBSP、NR6A1、HSPG2、TARS、PDZD2、FGF4、AMER1,可能是决定香猪性成熟早、产仔数少、体型小的关键基因。 相似文献
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GR Foxcroft 《Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene》2012,47(Z4):313-319
Compared with other domestic species, genetic nucleus selection has gradually increased both prolificacy and productivity of the breeding sow and the post-natal growth performance of commercial progeny. However, increasing variation in litter birth weight and foetal development may be indirect consequences of interactions among multiple genes controlling prolificacy and prenatal development. Phenotypic plasticity in the litter phenotype also results from effects of sow metabolic state on the developing embryo. New genomic tools may provide the opportunity to better balance the selection of genes controlling the component traits affecting the size and quality of litters born, particularly in multiparous sows. 相似文献
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R Abdoli P Zamani SZ Mirhoseini N Ghavi Hossein‐Zadeh S Nadri 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(5):631-637
Ovulation rate and litter size are important reproduction traits in sheep and are of high economic value. Reproduction traits typically have low to medium heritabilities and do not exhibit a noticeable response to phenotypic selection. Therefore, inclusion of genetic information of the genes associated with reproductive ability could efficiently enhance the selection response. The most important major genes affecting prolificacy and their genetic diversities in different sheep breeds were reviewed. Different causative mutations with major effects on reproductive traits including ovulation rate and litter size have been found in various sheep breeds around the world. A general overview of the studies on main prolificacy genes showed that some alleles may express different phenotypic effects in different breeds, and thus, further studies on epistatic effects are necessary for more understanding of genetic control of reproductivity in sheep. Regarding the polygenic control of fertility traits, application of new high‐throughput technologies to find new variants is essential for future studies. Moreover, genomewide association studies and genomic best linear unbiased predictions of breeding values are likely to be effective tools for genetic improvement of sheep reproductive performance traits. 相似文献