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1.
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2.
Abstract: A 14‐year‐old male Labrador Retriever was presented for lethargy and collapse. On physical examination, numerous abnormalities were found, including a large ventral neck mass (100 cm3) in the area of the thyroid gland. Fine‐needle aspirates revealed 2 apparent populations of cells: one suspected to be a well‐differentiated thyroid carcinoma, and the other consisting of large pleomorphic to spindloid cells suggestive of sarcoma. Two days later, the dog died at home. A full necropsy was not performed, but examination of the head and neck revealed a well‐encapsulated mass adjacent to the cranial trachea and larynx. A section of the mass was evaluated histologically and a diagnosis of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma was made. Immunohistochemical evaluation with antibodies to thyroglobulin, cytokeratin, and vimentin confirmed distinct populations of malignant epithelial and malignant mesenchymal cells, and the diagnosis was amended to thyroid carcinosarcoma. Thyroid carcinosarcoma is a rare neoplasm in dogs in which the cell type comprising the mesenchymal component can vary. Immunochemistry to demonstrate the 2 cell types may be necessary to differentiate thyroid carcinosarcoma from anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.  相似文献   

3.
An indoor‐only, 5‐year‐old, spayed female domestic shorthair cat presented for an ophthalmic examination of the left eye. An intraocular tumor with secondary glaucoma and blindness was diagnosed; the globe was enucleated and sent for histopathological examination. Gross examination revealed a solid white mass filling the entire vitreous space and replacing the iris and ciliary body. The lens and retina appeared to be similarly replaced by the neoplasm. Histological examination revealed a complete loss of the internal ocular structures, with a ruptured capsule as the only remnant of the lens within an extensive malignant mesenchymal neoplastic cell proliferation. The cells were polygonal, with well‐defined cytoplasmic borders and abundant weakly basophilic cytoplasm, embedded within the islands of chondroid matrix. No neoplastic invasion of the sclera was apparent. The animal died 6 months after the enucleation due to respiratory distress. Gross examination revealed numerous firm, white to tan nodular masses with smooth to mildly irregular surfaces dispersed throughout the parietal pleura, thoracic surface of the diaphragm, tracheobronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes, pericardium, and lungs. On cross‐section, the neoplastic nodules were solid and variably translucent, resembling hyaline cartilage. Histologically, these nodules were similar to the neoplasm identified earlier in the left globe. Metastasis of post‐traumatic ocular chondrosarcoma has not yet been described in cats. This is therefore believed to be the first report of metastases of this type of neoplasm in cats. This case adds to the limited set of data on the outcome of this type of tumor.  相似文献   

4.
Abstract: Two young adult dogs with gastrointestinal signs were each found to have an intra‐abdominal mass based on physical examination and diagnostic imaging. On exploratory laparotomy, small intestinal masses and mesenteric lymphadenopathy were found in both dogs; a liver mass was also found in dog 1. Cytologic and histologic examination of intestinal and liver masses and mesenteric lymph nodes revealed 2 distinct lymphoid cell populations: lymphoblasts and atypical Mott cells. With Romanowsky stains, the atypical Mott cells contained many discrete, clear to pale blue cytoplasmic inclusions consistent with Russell bodies that were positive by immunohistochemistry for IgM and CD79a in both dogs and for IgG in dog 2. The Mott cells and occasional lymphoblasts stained strongly positive with periodic acid‐Schiff. Using flow cytometric immunophenotyping in dog 1, 60% of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and 85% of cells in an affected lymph node were positive for CD21, CD79a, IgM, and MCH II, indicative of B‐cells. With electron microscopy, disorganized and dilated endoplasmic reticulum was seen in Mott cells in tumors from both dogs. Antigen receptor gene rearrangement analysis of lymph node and intestinal masses indicated a clonal B‐cell population. Based on cell morphology, tissue involvement, and evidence for clonal B‐cell proliferation, we diagnosed neoplasms involving Mott cells. To the authors' knowledge, this is the second report of Mott cell tumors or, more appropriately, B‐cell lymphoma with Mott cell differentiation, in dogs. More complete characterization of this neoplasm requires further investigation of additional cases. This lymphoproliferative disease should be considered as a differential diagnosis for canine gastrointestinal tumors.  相似文献   

5.
A 10‐year‐old Lipizzaner gelding was presented with intermittent ataxia and hindlimb weakness. Ultrasonographic examination identified a mass cranial to the tuber sacrale. A provisional diagnosis of a soft tissue sarcoma was made based on a biopsy specimen. Owing to the extensive nature of the tumour and the associated poor prognosis, the horse was subjected to euthanasia on humane grounds. A post mortem examination revealed a locally infiltrative soft mass within the left lumbosacral epaxial musculature. Histologically, an infiltrative neoplasm predominantly composed of pleomorphic spindle or stellate‐shaped cells was identified. Neoplastic cells exhibited strong S‐100 protein and GFAP expression and variable vimentin, NSE, NGFR and myoglobin expression. They were uniformly negative for pan‐cytokeratin, melan A, laminin and desmin. The ultrastructural examination revealed pleomorphic cells with long cytoplasmic processes and an absence of melanosomes. Based on these results, a diagnosis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour was made. This report contributes further information to assist in the diagnosis of these poorly defined neoplasms in animals, especially when they occur in uncommon locations.  相似文献   

6.
An 11-year-old, intact female Pekingese dog was presented because of chronic vomiting. Clinical examination and diagnostic imaging suggested the presence of an intestinal mass. Laparotomy was performed, and a gelatinous effusion associated with a suspected jejunal neoplasm was found. Accumulation of gelatinous material was grossly evident in several abdominal organs and parietal peritoneum. Cytopathological smears from this material showed macrophages, reactive mesothelial cells, and spindle cells embedded in a mucinous basophilic background. After spontaneous death, necropsy and histopathology were performed and showed the presence of an invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma with visceral and peritoneal metastases. The clinicopathological findings of this case report closely resemble those reported in human cases of pseudomyxoma peritonei.  相似文献   

7.
An 11‐year‐old neutered male Alaskan Malamute mixed‐breed dog was presented with a complaint of polyuria/polydipsia (PU/PD), weight loss, tachypnea, regurgitation, and a previous history of nontreated osteosarcoma of the right distal radius, diagnosed 21 months prior. On physical examination, an abdominal mass was palpated. The abdominal mass was aspirated and cytologically diagnosed as a neuroendocrine tumor, suspected to be a pheochromocytoma. Laboratory examination revealed a mild anemia and thrombocytopenia, markedly elevated ATP and ALP activities, and moderate hypercalcemia. A low‐dose dexamethasone suppression test and endogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentration were compatible with pituitary hyperadrenocorticism. On urinalysis, proteinuria was noted as well as a high urine metanephrine/creatinine ratio, consistent with a diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. The dog was treated with supportive care and euthanized 6 months later due to decreasing quality of life. On necropsy, an extra‐adrenal pheochromocytoma (paraganglioma) was diagnosed in the caudal abdomen, and a pituitary adenoma and an osteosarcoma of the right distal radius were confirmed.  相似文献   

8.
Primary jejunal osteosarcoma was diagnosed in association with a surgical sponge in a dog. The tumor was biologically aggressive, resulting in widespread metastasis throughout the abdomen within 2 months of surgical resection. Microscopic examination of the resected osteosarcoma revealed strands of gauze material throughout the tumor mass. It was theorized that the presence of a sponge foreign body may have resulted in malignant transformation of adjacent tissues similar to what has been reported to occur after internal fixation of some long-bone fractures.  相似文献   

9.
A 3‐year‐old spayed female dog was presented with 3‐month history of severe bilateral uveitis subsequent to previous ovariohysterectomy. Physical examination revealed moderate abdominal pain. Computed tomography showed a nonobstructive heterogeneous mass‐like lesion with a speckled gas pattern (spongiform pattern) within the cecum. Exploratory laparotomy revealed a surgical swab in the lumen of the cecum with severe adhesions. Histopathological examination demonstrated a chronic inflammatory pyogranulomatous reaction to the retained swab embedded within the intestinal wall, consistent with transmural migration of the swab from the peritoneal cavity into the cecum.  相似文献   

10.
Apparently synchronous, aggressive, mixed mesenchymal tumors in the right tibia, right femur, left femur, and rib cage produced multiple microscopic metastases in the lungs and macroscopic metastases in the liver, kidney, and spleen in a 1.5-year-old, neutered male, mixed-breed dog. No primary soft tissue tumor mass was present. Microscopically, the neoplasm exhibited osteosarcomatous, chondrosarcomatous, liposarcomatous, leiomyosarcomatous, fibrosarcomatous, angiosarcomatous, and leukocytic differentiation and was diagnosed as a multipotential osteosarcoma with various mesenchymal differentiation. Immunohistochemically, the neoplasm was cytoplasmically immunoreactive for vimentin, osteonectin, osteocalcin, CD 18, CD 31, desmin, and muscle-specific actin. Oil Red O staining was positive within liposarcomatous areas. Skeletal metastases from a primary bone tumor are exceedingly rare in human and veterinary medicine. However, the history, clinical signs, location, microscopic and immunohistochemical features were similar to those described in aggressive, poorly differentiated osteosarcomas of children. In addition, the wide range of mesenchymal tissue differentiation of this neoplasm was unusual, and to the authors' knowledge, an osteosarcoma with this degree of multiple differentiation has not been previously reported in the dog.  相似文献   

11.
Computed tomography angiography is widely used for the assessment of various mesenteric vascular and bowel diseases in humans. However, there are only few studies that describe CT angiography application to mesenteric vessels in dogs. In this prospective, experimental, exploratory study, the mesenteric vasculature and enhancement pattern of the intestinal wall were evaluated on triple‐phase CT angiography, and improvement of the visibility of vasculature was assessed on multiplanar reformation, maximum intensity projection, and volume rendering technique. After test bolus scanning at the level of the cranial mesenteric artery arising from the aorta, mesenteric CT angiography was performed in 10 healthy, male, Beagle dogs. Scan delay was set based on time‐to‐attenuation curves, drawn by placing the regions of interest over the aorta, intestinal wall, and cranial mesenteric vein. Visualization and enhancement of mesenteric arteries and veins were evaluated with multiplanar reformation, maximum intensity projection, and volume rendering techniques. The degree of intestinal wall enhancement was assessed on the transverse images in precontrast, arterial, intestinal, and venous phases. Pure arterial images were obtained in the arterial phase. Venous phase images allowed good portal vascular mapping. All CT angiography images were of high quality, allowing for excellent visualization of the anatomy of mesenteric vasculature including the small branches, particularly on maximum intensity projection and volume rendering technique. Distinct contrast enhancement of the intestinal wall was observed in both intestinal and venous phases. Findings indicated that this technique is feasible for the evaluation of mesenteric circulation in dogs.  相似文献   

12.
A 15‐year‐old, neutered male, Shih Tzu cross developed progressive corneal stromal thickening and vascularization of the right eye, and 5 months later, of the left eye. Both eyes became blind due to extensive corneal opacification and were enucleated. Light microscopic examination revealed a diffuse corneal infiltrate of neoplastic mesenchymal cells, and immunohistochemistry revealed diffuse cytoplasmic vimentin immunoreactivity and variable cytoplasmic and nuclear immunoreactivity for S100 in the neoplastic cells. Transmission electron microscopy revealed desmosomes between contiguous cells, thread‐like cytoplasmic processes coated with basement membrane, extracellular bundles of collagen, and axonal degeneration consistent with features of a nerve sheath neoplasm. This is the first report of primary, bilateral corneal nerve sheath sarcoma in a canine.  相似文献   

13.
A 3.5-year-old Thoroughbred mare presented at necropsy with a large mass at the root of the mesentery and multiple smaller mesenteric masses. The mucosa of the small intestine contained numerous raised nodules. Histologic examination revealed severe granulomatous mesenteric lymphadenitis and enteritis. Epithelioid macrophages and multinucleated giant cells frequently contained numerous intracytoplasmic yeast organisms, which were strongly positive on immunohistochemical staining when using a polyclonal antibody against Histoplasma spp. A diagnosis of abdominal histoplasmosis was made based on the gross, microscopic, and immunohistochemical findings.  相似文献   

14.
Objective We present a unique case of a feline orbital extraskeletal osteosarcoma that developed 5 years post‐enucleation. History In 2002, an ophthalmologist enucleated the left eye of a 2‐year‐old neutered male DSH and submitted it to the Comparative Ocular Pathology Laboratory of Wisconsin (COPLOW). COPLOW diagnosed the left eye with feline diffuse iris melanoma. In June 2007, the cat presented to another veterinarian for moderate swelling of the enucleation site. Palpation suggested a firm mass along the lateral orbital rim and an exploratory orbitotomy revealed a cyst with a mass adhered to it and the ventrolateral orbital rim. The cyst and mass were excised by the veterinarian and submitted to COPLOW. COPLOW diagnosed the tissue as an orbital conjunctival inclusion cyst and an acquired orbital osteosarcoma. Conclusions Following the enucleation, retained conjunctival epithelium became embedded in the connective tissue of the orbit and caused a cyst to develop. The cyst wall consisted of a myofibroblastic collagen‐rich matrix and acted as a nidus of chronic irritation and tumor growth. This orbital osteosarcoma resembles feline vaccine‐associated sarcomas (VAS), feline post‐traumatic ocular sarcomas, and microchip‐associated sarcomas in terms of it histopathology and its hypothesized pathogenesis related to exposure to antigenic material such as implanted epithelium, lens protein, vaccine components, and microchips as foreign bodies.  相似文献   

15.
A 10-year-old male German shepherd dog was referred for evaluation of a cranial cervical mass causing progressively worsening respiratory distress. A fine-needle aspirate of the mass was obtained and the cytology results were compatible with a carcinoma. The dog underwent chemotherapy without clinical improvement and was ultimately euthanased because of clinical deterioration. At post-mortem examination, an irregular multi-lobated mass in the cranial cervical region was observed causing ventro-lateral tracheal deviation. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry revealed a mixed population of CD3 lymphocytes and macrophages in an exuberant fibrous stroma, associated with dispersed cytokeratin-positive epithelial cells with marked eosinophilic cytoplasm. Some of the epithelial cells were arranged in concentric clusters that were interpreted as Hassall's corpuscles. Histopathological examination of the thyroid gland revealed several neoplastic emboli composed of epithelial cells similar to those observed in the cervical mass. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of an ectopic cervical thymic carcinoma in a dog.  相似文献   

16.
An 11-year-old mixed breed dog was referred because of coughing and painful swelling of the distal extremities which had not resolved with antibiotic treatment. A consolidated left cranial lung lobe and hypertrophic osteopathy were identified by radiographs. A unique feature of this report is the marked, rapid reduction in pain and lameness associated with hypertrophic osteopathy after treatment with corticosteroids. Histological examination of an 8 cm diameter, spherical mass found in the excised cranial lung lobe revealed osteosarcoma. No evidence of local or distant metastases was present. The dog survived one year after diagnosis.  相似文献   

17.
Abstract: A 14‐year‐old female spayed Golden Retriever was presented to the University of Florida's Veterinary Medical Center with history of lymphoplasmacytic gastroenteritis, intermittent vomiting, watery diarrhea, and weight loss for over a year. CBC, biochemical profile, and urinalysis were within reference intervals. Abdominal ultrasonographic examination revealed mesenteric and jejunal lymphadenopathy and hyperechoic hepatic nodules. Cytologic examination of the enlarged lymph nodes revealed loosely cohesive cells with moderate nuclear pleomorphism and rare punctate eosinophilic cytoplasmic granules. The cytologic interpretation was metastatic neuroendocrine neoplasia. On surgical exploration, a mass was detected in the right lobe of the pancreas. Histologic evaluation determined the mass to be an islet cell tumor. Approximately 98% of cells were positive by immunolabeling for pancreatic polypeptide (PP), and only rare cells were positive for insulin or somatostatin. All cells were negative for glucagon, gastrin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, protein gene product 9.5, synaptophysin, and chromogranins A and B. Pancreatic tumors that primarily produce PP are rare in dogs, and this is the first report of both the cytologic and histologic features of an islet cell tumor predominantly secreting PP. Clinical signs for these tumors are typically absent or nonspecific; signs may include watery diarrhea, as noted in this dog, although the diarrhea may have resulted from lymphoplasmacytic gastroenteritis. Additional case studies are needed to further characterize the cytomorphologic features and clinical presentation of PP‐secreting islet cell tumor, or polypeptidoma, in dogs.  相似文献   

18.
A 5-year-old, intact male Italian Spinone dog was presented for progressive, severe dyspnea and coughing. Thoracic radiographs revealed a large mass in the right cranial thorax. Fine needle aspiration of the mass yielded a highly cellular sample containing dense clumps of oval to spindle-shaped mesenchymal cells with distinct intracytoplasmic vacuolation, consistent with lipoblasts and lipocytes. Cell clusters were associated with abundant eosinophilic matrix, which was identified as mucin, based on Alcian blue staining. At exploratory thoracotomy, the mass was found to be nonresectable, and the dog was euthanized. Histologic sections of the multilobular mass had discrete regions of variable cellular differentiation, including highly cellular areas of pleomorphic cells, areas of spindle cells and lipoblasts in a myxoid background, and areas of well-differentiated lipogenic cells. The histologic diagnosis was myxoid liposarcoma. The thoracic cavity is a rare site for liposarcoma in the dog. The cytologic features of lipoblasts together with a mucopolysaccharide matrix were useful for distinguishing the myxoid variant of liposarcoma from other forms of liposarcoma and myxoid sarcomas.  相似文献   

19.
Osteosarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal neoplasm characterized by the formation of osteoid tissue. It is the most frequent primary bone tumour in dogs, accounting for nearly 80–85% of all reported long bone appendicular osteosarcomas. Conversely, in cats and other species, osteosarcoma is rare at any site. Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (EOS) is a malignant, osteoid‐producing neoplasm without primary periosteal or bone involvement. These tumours have been described less frequently and occur mainly in the mammary glands of female dogs. Case material was obtained from biopsy records of the Pathology Service at the Veterinary School, Universidad Nacional. The diagnosis of these tumours was based on the absence of clinical, radiological, or pathological evidence of primary bone or glandular involvement. Samples were processed for histopathological examination and stained with H&E. In two cases, immunohistochemistry was performed. Eleven cases were diagnosed with EOS located in two histological locations. The dermal group consisted of three female dogs (two Rottweillers and one Fila Brasileiro), one male German shepherd (mean age of dogs: 5.5 years), two female cats (mixed‐breed and Siamese) of 5 and 11 years of age, respectively, and one 4‐year‐old female ferret. The subcutaneous group consisted of four dogs, two female pit bull terriers and two male dogs (boxer and mixed‐breed), with a mean age of 5 years. The subcutaneous EOS tumours were more aggressive. Three dogs were euthanized due to lung metastasis and the remaining dog was lost to follow‐up. Funding: Self‐funded.  相似文献   

20.
A 4-year-old, male cat was presented with a fixed, subcutaneous mass in the lumbosacral region. A histopathological examination revealed a well-defined but nonencapsulated neoplasm characterized by a proliferation of predominantly spindle cells, with high mitotic activity. Interspersed between these cells were single cellular elements with chondroid differentiation. Large areas of cartilaginous tissue with foci of endochondral ossification, necrosis and myxoid tissue were also observed within the neoplastic parenchyma. A diagnosis of extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma was made based on the histological pattern - characterized by the coexistence of cartilaginous islands and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, results of Alcian blue staining at various pH, immunohistochemical reactivity against vimentin and S-100, and the absence of skeletal involvement or other primary tumour sites. Clinical history of the cat excluded traumas, vaccinations or other types of subcutaneous inoculation. Six months on from surgical treatment, neither recurrence nor metastases have been detected.  相似文献   

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