共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Carbon nanotubes display either metallic or semiconducting properties. Both large, multiwalled nanotubes (MWNTs), with many concentric carbon shells, and bundles or "ropes" of aligned single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs), are complex composite conductors that incorporate many weakly coupled nanotubes that each have a different electronic structure. Here we demonstrate a simple and reliable method for selectively removing single carbon shells from MWNTs and SWNT ropes to tailor the properties of these composite nanotubes. We can remove shells of MWNTs stepwise and individually characterize the different shells. By choosing among the shells, we can convert a MWNT into either a metallic or a semiconducting conductor, as well as directly address the issue of multiple-shell transport. With SWNT ropes, similar selectivity allows us to generate entire arrays of nanoscale field-effect transistors based solely on the fraction of semiconducting SWNTs. 相似文献
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根据工程力学点的复合运动理论,分析了卧轴式旋耕机刀齿运动速度的图解过程,首次提出了刀齿切削速度、入土角和工作深度等主要工作参数的图解方法。这种方法直观、简单,可应用于收获、播种等农机具工作参数的分析设计和教学过程。 相似文献
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利用化学共沉淀方法制备了磁性多壁碳纳米管,研究了磁性多壁碳纳米管对水中蒽的吸附行为及pH值、离子强度、腐殖酸等因素的影响.结果表明,在弱酸性条件下其吸附效率最高,离子强度对吸附的影响较小,腐殖酸在低浓度时抑制蒽的吸附,高浓度腐殖酸则可以促进吸附;蒽的吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程;磁性多壁碳纳米管对蒽的吸附率超过98%,最大吸附量可达到95.2mg/g,能有效地去除水中的蒽. 相似文献
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[目的]在非溶液体系下优化复合酶降解烟草梗丝的工艺条件。[方法]通过响应面试验设计和结合实际生产工艺的方法,优化了复合酶降解梗丝的工艺条件,建立了二次项拟合的数学方程,研究了在非溶液体系下酶解条件主因素影响效应、交互作用的影响及反应前后梗丝表面的变化情况。[结果]确定了复合酶降解梗丝的最佳工艺条件:温度45℃,水分40%,果胶酶Ⅰ20 U/g,果胶酶Ⅱ400U/g,粗酶液2%;在非溶液体系下,酶解条件交互作用不显著;反应前后梗丝表面变化明显,果胶降解显著,暴露出纤维素管束。[结论]酶反应前烟梗最好利用酸碱、爆破、微波或超声波等方法破坏其致密结构和纤维素结晶,以提高酶降解效果。 相似文献
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中国主要树种的切削性能的研究——木材的密度对切削力的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文通过木材密度对切削力的影响,探讨了木材的切削性能。对61种树种(针叶树11种,阔叶树50种)进行三个方向切削(纵向切削、横向切削、端向切削),两个切屑厚度的基本切削。通过切削实验,分别得出了主切削力Px与木材密度ρ之间的关系。实验结果表明,主切削力Px与木材密度ρ之间成如下关系:Px=a+bρ。此外,根据在切削中切屑的形成过程和木材产生的各种变形以及木材的强度特性,对主切削力随着木材密度的变化而变化的特点和机理作了分析。 相似文献
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In this paper, a polyethersulfone(PES)/multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) composite membrane was prepared using phase inversion. The surface morphology and internal structure of the membrane were observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The effects of MWCNTs content on various aspects of membrane performance such as porosity, water flux, and antifouling characteristics were investigated. Results showed that proper addition of MWCNTs would improve the properties of the membrane. MWCNTs had a strong adsorption capacity for industrial dyes and the composite membrane could be used as an effective method to identify and clean up illegal dyes in foods. In addition, this new method for identifying dyes is rapid: the cleanup procedure in the determination of illegal dyes in foods by the composite membrane was shortened to 30 min or less compared to 6–8 h for traditional methods. 相似文献
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Fukushima T Kosaka A Ishimura Y Yamamoto T Takigawa T Ishii N Aida T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5628):2072-2074
When mixed with imidazolium ion-based room-temperature ionic liquid, pristine single-walled carbon nanotubes formed gels after being ground. The heavily entangled nanotube bundles were found to untangle within the gel to form much finer bundles. Phase transition and rheological properties suggest that the gels are formed by physical cross-linking of the nanotube bundles, mediated by local molecular ordering of the ionic liquids rather than by entanglement of the nanotubes. The gels were thermally stable and did not shrivel, even under reduced pressure resulting from the nonvolatility of the ionic liquids, but they would readily undergo a gel-to-solid transition on absorbent materials. The use of a polymerizable ionic liquid as the gelling medium allows for the fabrication of a highly electroconductive polymer/nanotube composite material, which showed a substantial enhancement in dynamic hardness. 相似文献
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Optical transitions in carbon nanotubes are of central importance for nanotube characterization. They also provide insight into the nature of excited states in these one-dimensional systems. Recent work suggests that light absorption produces strongly correlated electron-hole states in the form of excitons. However, it has been difficult to rule out a simpler model in which resonances arise from the van Hove singularities associated with the one-dimensional band [corrected] structure of the nanotubes. Here, two-photon excitation spectroscopy bolsters the exciton picture. We found binding energies of approximately 400 millielectron volts for semiconducting single-walled nanotubes with 0.8-nanometer diameters. The results demonstrate the dominant role of many-body interactions in the excited-state properties of one-dimensional systems. 相似文献
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以壳聚糖、多壁碳纳米管和磁性γ-Fe2O3粒子为原料,通过微乳化法制备出磁性壳聚糖/多壁碳纳米管复合吸附剂。运用XRD和VSM等手段对复合吸附剂进行了表征,并研究了吸附剂配比、吸附剂投加量、甲基橙初始浓度、pH、无机阴离子、温度等因素对甲基橙脱色效果的影响。结果表明,γ-Fe2O3磁性粒子和多壁碳纳米管被壳聚糖包裹;引入多壁碳纳米管显著提高了吸附容量;吸附剂的最佳投加量为0.6 g/L;甲基橙初始浓度增大,去除率下降,吸附量上升;酸性环境有利于吸附;降低温度有利于吸附;吸附动力学较好地符合拟二级动力学模型,分子内扩散模型是吸附控制机制之一;吸附等温线更符合Langmuir模型,最大单分子层吸附量为62.97 mg/g。 相似文献
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熊威 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2018,44(1)
使用有限元方法对甘蔗剪切过程进行仿真,研究刀片几何角度对甘蔗断面形态的影响。通过编写VUMAT子程序,将Hashin单向纤维复合材料失效准则应用于甘蔗剪切过程的仿真。仿真包括甘蔗剪切过程的断裂形态、剪切过程的最大剪切力、刀片楔角、后角和间隙对剪切断面的影响。结果显示,断裂形态仿真结果与已有的试验和仿真结果一致,最大剪切力为270 N;刀片楔角从30°减少到5°,可使甘蔗的上下断面都趋于平整;刀片具有正的后角,会使下断面平整;2 mm刀片间隙的存在,导致甘蔗下部断口接近静止刀片一侧出现撕裂。 相似文献
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通过熔融共混将功能化的碳纳米管引入到蜡基粘结剂中,得到碳纳米管改性的复合粘结剂.扫描电镜（SEM）显微照片显示,功能化的碳纳米管能均匀分散在粘结剂基体中.偏光显微照片和热性能分析结果表明,碳纳米管的加入能有效地提高粘结剂的结晶度和热稳定性,进而改善生坯在脱脂时的保形性.碳纳米管与粘结剂的非共价键结合有助于碳纳米管的均匀分散,更可能有利于复合材料成型后的脱脂. 相似文献
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Metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes have been proposed to be good one-dimensional conductors. However, the finite curvature of the graphene sheet that forms the nanotubes and the broken symmetry due to the local environment may modify their electronic properties. We used low-temperature atomically resolved scanning tunneling microscopy to investigate zigzag and armchair nanotubes, both thought to be metallic. "Metallic" zigzag nanotubes were found to have energy gaps with magnitudes that depend inversely on the square of the tube radius, whereas isolated armchair tubes do not have energy gaps. Additionally, armchair nanotubes packed in bundles have pseudogaps, which exhibit an inverse dependence on tube radius. These observed energy gaps suggest that most "metallic" single-walled nanotubes are not true metals, and they have implications for our understanding of the electronic properties and potential applications of carbon nanotubes. 相似文献
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以能量守恒为理论研究方法,对激光切割薄木过程进行数学描述,以期LOM法对薄木进行层积成型垫定基础,保证木制品纹理美观、各向异性的材性优势。对LOM工艺进行分析,阐述激光切割木材的影响因素;建立激光切割薄木的数学模型,并对其进行参数求解;用不同厚度的黑胡桃薄木作为激光切割的试验材料,对其进行切割,以切缝的宽度来表征切割质量,验证理论的正确性。结果表明,所建立的数学模型和试验结果相吻合。在激光切割薄木过程中,薄木厚度、激光切割功率和进给速度之间的关系为H=P/(12.72×v)×10-5,该模型为LOM法层积木制品过程中激光切割木材的参数的调整提供参考。 相似文献
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表面活性剂对Ni-P-纳米碳管化学复合镀层性能的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用化学复合镀技术制备了Ni-P-纳米碳管化学复合镀层,用正交实验方法分析了多种表面活性剂对镀层性能的影响,确定了Ni-P-纳米碳管化学复合镀最佳工艺条件。结果表明,采用阴离子表面活性剂与非离子表面活性剂进行复配时,所得镀层性能优于一种表面活性剂的单独使用,镀层硬度高、强度大。 相似文献
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改性异氰酸酯树脂胶玉米秸秆皮板工艺 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以异氰酸酯(PMDI)改性的脲醛胶作为胶黏剂,采用正交试验法分析了热压时间、成板密度、施胶量、胶混合比对玉米秸秆皮板主要物理性能的影响。结果表明:热压时间对玉米秸秆皮板的24 h吸水厚度膨胀率(24h TS)、弹性模量(MOE),成板密度和改性脲醛胶/异氰酸酯(UF/PMDI)的混合比例对24 h TSI、B、MOE以及施胶量对24 h TS均有高度显著性影响。在一定范围内,秸秆皮板材的物理力学性能指标随着热压时间、密度以及施胶量的增加而增大,异氰酸酯施加量的增加能持续提高板的性能。当工艺条件为:热压时间4～5 min,板密度0.9 g/cm3,施胶量12%,胶量比(UF/PMDI)7∶3时制得的板材性能最佳。 相似文献
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提出了以石块为主的用作路堤填料的路堑开挖土石料按岩性进行分类的依据和标准，讨论了用它们填筑路基的施工工艺，质量控制要点及质量指标检测方法。 相似文献
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氧化铜/碳纳米管复合物的制备及其微观结构的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
使用直流电沉积技术制得铜与碳纳米管的复合物,经适当煅烧得到氧化铜/碳纳米管复合物。使用TEM、SEM、Raman等手段对复合物进行表征,并对复合物的形貌进行研究。 相似文献
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The electronic properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes are shown here to be extremely sensitive to the chemical environment. Exposure to air or oxygen dramatically influences the nanotubes' electrical resistance, thermoelectric power, and local density of states, as determined by transport measurements and scanning tunneling spectroscopy. These electronic parameters can be reversibly "tuned" by surprisingly small concentrations of adsorbed gases, and an apparently semiconducting nanotube can be converted into an apparent metal through such exposure. These results, although demonstrating that nanotubes could find use as sensitive chemical gas sensors, likewise indicate that many supposedly intrinsic properties measured on as-prepared nanotubes may be severely compromised by extrinsic air exposure effects. 相似文献