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1.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether repetitive endurance exercise in sled dogs was associated with substantial lipid peroxidation, decreases in antioxidant capacity of the serum, and skeletal muscle damage. ANIMALS: 24 lightly trained sled dogs. PROCEDURE: 16 dogs completed a 58-km run on each of 3 consecutive days; the other 8 dogs (control) did not exercise during the study. Blood samples were collected before the first exercise run and after the first and third exercise runs. Plasma isoprostane and serum vitamin E concentrations, total antioxidant status of plasma, and serum creatine kinase activity were measured. RESULTS: Plasma isoprostane concentrations in dogs in the exercise group were significantly increased after the first exercise run and further significantly increased after the third exercise run. Serum vitamin E concentration was significantly decreased after the first exercise run in dogs in the exercise group, and this change persisted after the third exercise run. There was a significant linear relationship between plasma isoprostane concentration and the logarithm of serum creatine kinase activity (adjusted ? = 0.84). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results demonstrate that repetitive endurance exercise in dogs is associated with lipid peroxidation and a reduction in plasma antioxidant concentrations. We interpret these results as indicating that the antioxidant mechanisms of minimally trained dogs may, in some instances, be inadequate to meet the antioxidant requirements of repetitive endurance exercise.  相似文献   

2.
OBJECTIVE: To assess degree of oxidative stress and antioxidant concentrations in dogs with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM). DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: 18 dogs with IDCM and 16 healthy control dogs. PROCEDURE: Concentrations of malondialdehyde (an indicator of oxidative stress); vitamins A, C, and E; glutathione peroxidase; and superoxide dismutase were measured. RESULTS: Glutathione peroxidase concentration was significantly increased in dogs with IDCM, compared with control dogs. Vitamin A and superoxide dismutase concentrations were not significantly different between groups. A negative correlation was found between disease severity and plasma vitamin E concentration. Disease severity was not correlated with concentrations of other antioxidants. Medications did not significantly affect oxidant or antioxidant concentrations. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The change in glutathione peroxidase concentration and the correlation between vitamin E concentration and disease severity suggest that the oxidant-antioxidant system may play a role in development of IDCM.  相似文献   

3.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether dietary antioxidants would attenuate exercise-induced increases in plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity in sled dogs. ANIMALS: 41 trained adult sled dogs. PROCEDURE: Dogs, randomly assigned to 2 groups, received the same base diet throughout the study. After 8 weeks on that diet, 1 group (21 dogs) received a daily supplement containing vitamins E (457 U) and C (706 mg) and beta-carotene (5.1 mg), and a control group (20 dogs) received a supplement containing minimal amounts of antioxidants. After 3 weeks, both groups performed identical endurance exercise on each of 3 days. Blood samples were collected before and 3 weeks after addition of supplements and after each day of exercise. Plasma was analyzed for vitamins E and C, retinol, uric acid, triglyceride, and cholesterol concentrations, total antioxidant status (TAS), and CK activity. RESULTS: Feeding supplements containing antioxidants caused a significant increase in vitamin E concentration but did not change retinol or vitamin C concentrations orTAS. Exercise caused significantly higher CK activity, but did not cause a significant difference in CK activity between groups. Exercise was associated with significantly lower vitamin E, retinol, and cholesterol concentrations and TAS but significantly higher vitamin C, triglyceride, and uric acid concentrations in both groups. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Use of supplements containing the doses of antioxidants used here failed to attenuate exercise-induced increases in CK activity. Muscle damage in sled dogs, as measured by plasma CK activity, may be caused by a mechanism other than oxidant stress.  相似文献   

4.
Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is an important cause of renal failure in dogs. Aminoglycoside antibiotics, such as gentamicin, can produce nephrotoxicity in dogs, due to in part to an imbalance of pro- and antioxidants (oxidative stress). Silymarin (the mixture of flavonolignans extracted from Silybum marianum) has potentially beneficial antioxidant properties. A control group (saline, group 1, n = 5) was compared with dogs that were administrated gentamicin by intramuscular injection, at dosage of 20 mg/kg, once daily for 9 days (groups 2-5, n = 5 per group). The effects of vitamin E (group 3) and silymarin (group 4) alone and in combination (group 5) were compared for induced nephrotoxicity. Renal function was assessed using serum biochemical markers (creatinine and urea). Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration were measured as a marker of lipid peroxidation. The activity of total serum antioxidants (TSAO) was assessed as a marker of antioxidant defences. Serum creatinine and urea concentrations were increased significantly and TSAO was decreased significantly in group 2 compared with group 1. Serum creatinine concentrations but not urea concentrations were significantly lower in groups 3 and 4 than in group 2 (P = 0.001). Serum MDA concentrations was significantly different between groups 2 and 3 (P = 0.01), 2 and 4 (P < 0.001) and 4 and 5 (P = 0.01). TSAO activity was significantly in group 4 (silymarin) than in group 2 (P = 0.002). Silymarin and vitamin E decreased gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in dogs.  相似文献   

5.
Objectives : To compare serum vitamin D metabolites and plasma parathyroid hormone concentrations in dogs with inflammatory bowel disease and normal albumin concentration, dogs with inflammatory bowel disease and hypoalbuminaemia, healthy dogs and hospitalised ill dogs with non‐gastrointestinal illness. Methods : Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations were measured in 36 healthy dogs, 49 hospitalised ill dogs with non‐gastrointestinal illnesses, 21 dogs with inflammatory bowel disease and normoalbuminaemia and 12 dogs with inflammatory bowel disease and hypoalbuminaemia. Plasma parathyroid hormone and ionised calcium concentrations were measured in a subset of these dogs. Results : Concentrations of serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D were lower in hypoalbuminaemic dogs with inflammatory bowel disease than in the healthy dogs (P<0·001), hospitalised ill dogs (P<0·001) and normoalbuminaemic dogs with inflammatory bowel disease (P<0·001). Dogs with inflammatory bowel disease and hypoalbuminaemia had a higher plasma concentration of parathyroid hormone (P<0·01) and lower plasma concentration of ionised calcium (P<0·001) than hospitalised ill dogs. Dogs with inflammatory bowel disease had a positive correlation between serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and serum albumin (P<0·0001), serum calcium (P<0·0001) and plasma ionised calcium (P<0·0005) concentrations. Clinical Significance : Dogs with inflammatory bowel disease and hypoalbuminaemia frequently have ionised hypocalcaemia, high parathyroid hormone and low serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. Further studies are indicated to establish the pathogenesis of this disease complication as well as therapeutic strategies to reverse this state.  相似文献   

6.
Background: Dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) and certain inflammatory diseases are at high risk of developing thromboembolic disease. The presence of anti-endothelial cell autoantibodies (AECA) has been associated with an increased risk of thromboembolism in humans.
Hypothesis: AECA will be detected more often in dogs at risk of thromboembolism than in healthy control animals or dogs with diseases not associated with a higher risk of thromboembolism.
Animals: Ninety-one sick dogs and 22 healthy control dogs.
Methods: Retrospective case-controlled study. Serum was screened for the presence of AECA. Dogs were identified for the study based on the risk of thromboembolism as determined by clinical impression and the underlying disease process. Flow cytometry and normal canine endothelial cells were used to screen serum samples from sick and healthy control dogs for the presence of AECA. In addition, serum from dogs with confirmed thromboemboli was also screened for the presence of AECA by immunohistochemistry.
Results: AECA were detected in 2/91 sick dogs, both with infectious diseases, but were not found in healthy dogs. Anti-endothelial antibodies were not detected in 21 dogs with IMHA and 20 dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, or both.
Conclusions: We conclude that AECA are rarely detectable in dogs considered at high risk of thromboembolism. These findings suggest that AECA may not play an important role in the pathogenesis of thromboembolism in dogs with IMHA and other inflammatory diseases.  相似文献   

7.
The aim of the study was to investigate the ability of vitamin C to increase the antioxidative and immunomodulating potential in healthy dogs. Fifteen dogs were tested for the effects of orally administered vitamin E (60 mg dl‐α tocopheryl acetate) in combination with vitamin C (0, 30 or 60 mg ascorbic acid crystalline). Three treatments (0, 30, 60 mg vitamin C) were tested in a 3 × 3 cross‐over study in three periods of 36 days. Pre‐prandial blood samples were taken for analysis of vitamins C, E, A, retinyl palmitate and stearate, antioxidant status [Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and uric acid], biochemical and haematological analysis. Subpopulations of lymphocytes, mitogen‐induced peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation (PBMC) and serum IgA and IgG concentrations were determined. There was a trend (p = 0.056) for an increased plasma vitamin C concentration by vitamin C supplementation. There was no evidence that dietary treatment altered neither the other plasma vitamin concentrations nor TBARS and uric acid concentrations nor the subpopulations of the lymphocytes except for the number of CD4+ lymphocytes that increased with vitamin C supplementation. There was no effect of vitamin C on serum IgA and IgG concentration. A significant time × treatment interaction was demonstrated on PBMC’s to pokeweed, with an increase observed by 30 mg vitamin C supplementation but a decrease by 60 mg vitamin C supplementation. There was no clear evidence for an effect of dietary vitamin C on antioxidative capacity in healthy dogs fed a diet with vitamin E concentrations well above the recommendations. Yet, a limited number of immunological parameters were slightly affected.  相似文献   

8.

Background

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are part of the innate immune response and are essential in local pathogen control, but are associated with pathological inflammation, organ damage, autoimmunity, and thrombosis. Immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) is a pro‐inflammatory, prothrombotic disease associated with high mortality.

Hypothesis/Objectives

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a feature of the inflammatory process in dogs with IMHA. The objective of the study was to evaluate plasma from dogs with IMHA for the presence of 2 indirect markers and 1 direct marker of NETs.

Animals

Healthy client‐owned dogs (56) and hospitalized dogs with IMHA (n = 35).

Methods

Prospective study. Plasma samples for all dogs were evaluated for cell‐free DNA using a fluorescence assay, histone‐DNA (hisDNA) complex using an ELISA, and citrullinated histone H3 (specific for NETosis) using Western blot. Reference intervals were generated using plasma from healthy dogs.

Results

In dogs with IMHA, cell‐free DNA concentration was above the reference interval in 17% of samples with a median (range) of 1.0 μg/mL (0.1–17.3), and hisDNA concentration was above the reference interval in 94% of samples with a median (range) of 30.7 × pooled normal plasma (PNP; 0.6–372.1). Western blot for citrullinated histone H3 identified detectable bands in 84% samples from dogs with IMHA.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

The assay for cell‐free DNA detected evidence of NETs in fewer dogs than did the other approaches. Excessive NETs appears to be a feature of IMHA in dogs and contributions to the prothrombotic state deserve further study.  相似文献   

9.
Objective: To serially determine the biomarkers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status of dogs with gastric dilatation‐volvulus (GDV) over 48 hours. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Veterinary teaching hospital intensive care unit. Animals: Thirteen client‐owned dogs with GDV. Interventions: None. Measurement and main results: For all dogs, biomarkers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status were ascertained. Indicators of oxidative stress measured included F2α‐isoprostanes (isoprostanes) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Vitamin C, vitamin E, glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) were measured to assess antioxidant status. Oxidants and antioxidants were measured at the time of admission and at 24 and 48 hours post‐admission. There were significant decreases in vitamin E (P=0.002), vitamin C (P=0.001), ORAC (P=0.02), and MDA (P=0.001) during hospitalization. There was no significant change in GSHPx and isoprostane concentrations over time. Conclusion: Oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity in dogs with GDV change over time. Further studies measuring oxidative stress in more severely affected dogs and performing measurements earlier in the disease process may be beneficial in determining when oxidative stress is most severe during the course of GDV management.  相似文献   

10.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether blood type, breed, or sex were risk factors for immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) in dogs and whether bacteremia was common in dogs with IMHA. DESIGN: Case-control study. ANIMALS: 33 dogs with IMHA, 1,014 dogs without IMHA for which blood type (dog erythrocyte antigens 1.1, 1.2, 3, 4, 5, and 7) was known, 15,668 dogs without IMHA for which breed was known, and 15,589 dogs without IMHA for which sex was known. PROCEDURE: Blood type, breed, and sex distribution of dogs with IMHA were compared with data for control dogs with Fisher exact tests and by calculating odds ratios (ORs). Results of bacterial culture of blood samples were documented for dogs with IMHA, when available. RESULTS: Dog erythrocyte antigen 7 was associated with a significant protective effect (OR, 0.1) in Cocker Spaniels with IMHA (n = 10), compared with control dogs. Cocker Spaniels, Bichon Frise, Miniature Pinschers, Rough-coated Collies, and Finnish Spitz had a significantly increased risk of IMHA, as did female dogs (OR, 2.1). Blood samples from 12 dogs with IMHA were submitted for bacterial culture, and none had bacteremia. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that blood type, breed, and sex may play a role in IMHA in dogs.  相似文献   

11.
OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that exchange of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) for long-chain triglycerides (LCTs) in the diet of dogs with well-managed exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) changes serum biochemical variables and to subjectively assess the well-being of dogs with EPI in response to experimental diets. ANIMALS: 21 dogs with EPI and 6 healthy control dogs. PROCEDURE: The effects of 3 diets containing 0%, 16%, or 35% of the total fat content as MCTs were examined in a randomized controlled double-blind crossover trial. The 3 diets were fed for 12 weeks each. Dietary effects were evaluated by both subjective and objective variables. RESULTS: Analysis of subjective data revealed no significant difference in appetite, attitude, drinking behavior, volume of feces, defecation frequency, color of feces, consistency of feces, flatulence, or borborygmus among dogs fed the 3 experimental diets. A high MCT content in the diet was associated with significantly higher serum vitamin E, cholesterol, triglyceride, retinyl stearate, retinyl palmitate, and total vitamin A concentrations in dogs with EPI and significantly higher serum vitamin E concentrations in control dogs, compared with low MCT content. High MCT content in the diet was also associated with significantly lower concentrations of serum linoleic acid (C18:2[n-6]) in dogs with EPI and in control dogs, compared with low MCT content. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: A high MCT content in the diet leads to increases in serum concentrations of cholesterol and certain fat-soluble vitamins. However, no effect was found on the subjective well-being of the dogs as evaluated by their owners.  相似文献   

12.
Background: Canine histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is an aggressive malignancy. Hyperferritinemia has been documented in dogs with HS and could serve as a tumor marker aiding in diagnosis and treatment. In people, hyperferritinemia is found in inflammatory diseases, liver disease, and hemolysis, and thus may occur in dogs with these conditions. Objective: To determine if serum ferritin concentration is a tumor marker for canine HS. Animals: Dogs with HS (18), inflammatory diseases (20), liver disease (24), immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) (15), and lymphoma (23). Methods: Prospective, observational, cohort study: Serum ferritin concentration was measured at initial diagnosis. Parametric methods were used to compare mean log ferritin concentrations among disease categories. Receiver‐operating characteristic curves and likelihood ratios were used to evaluate serum ferritin concentration as a tumor marker. Results: Varying proportions of dogs with IMHA (94%), HS (89%), liver disease (79%), lymphoma (65%), and inflammatory diseases (40%) had hyperferritinemia. Dogs with IMHA had significantly higher mean ferritin concentration than dogs in all other categories. Dogs with HS had significantly higher mean ferritin concentration than those in the inflammatory disease and lymphoma categories. Mean serum ferritin concentration was not significantly different between dogs with HS and those with liver disease. Decision thresholds were determined to distinguish IMHA and HS from the other diseases associated with hyperferritinemia. Conclusion: Hyperferritinemia is common in dogs with HS and, after IMHA is ruled out, the degree of hyperferritinemia may be useful in differentiating dogs with HS from dogs with inflammatory diseases, liver disease, and lymphoma.  相似文献   

13.
Serum glucose and plasma C-peptide response to IV glucagon administration was evaluated in 24 healthy dogs, 12 dogs with untreated diabetes mellitus, 30 dogs with insulin-treated diabetes mellitus, and 8 dogs with naturally acquired hyperadrenocorticism. Serum insulin response also was evaluated in all dogs, except 20 insulin-treated diabetic dogs. Blood samples for serum glucose, serum insulin, and plasma C-peptide determinations were collected immediately before and 5,10,20,30, and (for healthy dogs) 60 minutes after IV administration of 1 mg glucagon per dog. In healthy dogs, the patterns of glucagon-stimulated changes in plasma C-peptide and serum insulin concentrations were identical, with single peaks in plasma C-peptide and serum insulin concentrations observed approximately 15 minutes after IV glucagon administration. Mean plasma C-peptide and serum insulin concentrations in untreated diabetic dogs, and mean plasma C-peptide concentration in insulin-treated diabetic dogs did not increase significantly after IV glucagon administration. The validity of serum insulin concentration results was questionable in 10 insulin-treated diabetic dogs, possibly because of anti-insulin antibody interference with the insulin radioimmunoassay. Plasma C-peptide and serum insulin concentrations were significantly increased (P < .001) at all blood sarnplkg times after glucagon administration in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism, compared with healthy dogs, and untreated and insulin-treated diabetic dogs. Five-minute C-peptide increment, C-peptide peak response, total C-peptide secretion, and, for untreated diabetic dogs, insulin peak response and total insulin secretion were significantly lower (P < .001) in diabetic dogs, compared with healthy dogs, whereas these same parameters were significantly increased (P < .011 in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism, compared with healthy dogs, and untreated and insulin-treated diabetic dogs. Although not statistically significant, there was a trend for higher plasma C-peptide concentrations in untreated diabetic dogs compared with insulin-treated diabetic dogs during the glucagon stimulation test. Baseline C-peptide concentrations also were significantly higher (P < .05) in diabetic dogs treated with insulin for less than 6 months, compared with diabetic dogs treated for longer than 1 year. Finally, 7 of 42 diabetic dogs had baseline plasma C-peptide concentrations greater than 2 SD (ie, >0.29 pmol/mL) above the normal mean plasma C-peptide concentration; values that were significantly higher, compared with results in healthy dogs (P < .001) and with the other 35 diabetic dogs (P < .001). In summary, measurement of plasma C-peptide concentration during glucagon stimulation testing allowed differentiation among healthy dogs, dogs with impaired β-cell function (ie, diabetes mellitusl, and dogs with increased β-cell responsiveness to glucagon (ie, insulin resistance). Plasma C-peptide concentrations during glucagon stimulation testing were variable in diabetic dogs and may represent dogs with type-1 and type-2 diabetes or, more likely, differences in severity of β-cell loss in dogs with type-1 diabetes. J Vet Intern Med 1996;10:116–122. Copyright © 1996 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.  相似文献   

14.
BACKGROUND: Bromide (BR) administration causes pseudohyperchloremia when plasma or serum chloride (Cl-) concentrations are determined with commonly available automated analytical assays. In humans receiving BR, it has been previously demonstrated that the plasma Cl- concentration is a useful indirect estimator of the measured BR concentration. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine if the magnitude of pseudohyperchloremia seen in epileptic dogs treated with BR could be used as a predictor of the measured serum BR concentration. METHODS: Plasma and serum Cl- concentrations, analyzed by ion-specific electrode (ISE) and colorimetric techniques, and serum BR concentrations, determined using the gold-trichloride assay, were simultaneously determined in 88 blood samples from dogs with idiopathic epilepsy that were treated with BR. RESULTS: For all methods used to quantify Cl- concentrations, there were significant (P < .0001) linear relationships between BR and Cl- concentrations. Linear relationships between BR and Cl- concentrations were significantly different (P < .0001) between blood samples from dogs obtained during routine therapeutic monitoring and those obtained during emergency hospital admissions. Calculated 95% prediction intervals for future values of BR using measured Cl- concentrations contained considerable error. Plasma Cl- values determined with ISE generally provided the best prediction of serum BR concentrations. Agreement between the measured BR and Cl- using all Cl- assay techniques was moderate, but was statistically significant only when Cl- was assayed in plasma using one ISE method. CONCLUSIONS: The pseudohyperchloremia observed in epileptic dogs receiving BR is an inadequate indirect estimator for the measured BR concentration, although in certain clinical situations identified through construction of a clinical decision tree, the measured Cl- value can be used to guide general therapeutic decisions regarding alterations in BR therapy. Optimal tailoring of BR therapy in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy should be based on results of therapeutic monitoring of BR concentrations.  相似文献   

15.
Effects of acute pancreatitis on circulating lipids in dogs were evaluated by comparing the serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations and plasma lipoprotein electrophoretic patterns of 4 dogs with experimentally induced pancreatitis (EIP), 2 (healthy) sham-operated control (SOC) dogs, and 4 dogs with naturally acquired pancreatitis (NAP) with the concentrations and patterns of 23 healthy, nonoperated control (HNC) dogs. Blood samples were collected once from HNC dogs, 1 to 3 times during the course of the disease in dogs with NAP, and prior to and at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after induction of pancreatitis in dogs with EIP or after the sham operation in the SOC dogs. The dogs with EIP did not have turbid serum and did not develop hypercholesterolemia or hypertriglyceridemia. Three of the dogs with NAP had turbid serum and hypertriglyceridemia, and 3 had hypercholesterolemia. The electrophoretic tracings of HNC dogs had predominant alpha-1 peaks and small beta peaks; 2 of the HNC dogs also had small alpha-2 peaks. The tracings of dogs with EIP were similar to those of HNC dogs until 48 to 72 hours after induction of pancreatitis, when dogs with EIP developed increased beta lipoproteins, decreased alpha-1 lipoproteins, and movement of lipoproteins into the alpha-2 zone. The tracings of SOC dogs were similar to those of HNC dogs at all times. Compared with HNC dogs, dogs with NAP all had increased beta lipoproteins, and 2 had decreased alpha-2 lipoproteins. Two dogs with NAP had additional lipoprotein alterations, unlike any seen in dogs with EIP.  相似文献   

16.
Objective-To determine the prevalence of perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (pANCA) in dogs with confirmed or suspected immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) or dogs infected with various vector-borne pathogens, including Rickettsia rickettsii, Bartonella henselae, Bartonella vinsonii subsp berkhoffii, Ehrlichia canis, Borrelia burgdorferi, and Leishmania infantum. Animals-55 dogs with confirmed or suspected IMHA, 140 dogs seroreactive for vector-borne pathogens, and 62 healthy dogs and dogs seronegative for vector-borne pathogens. Procedures-Samples were allocated to subgroups on the basis of the health status of the dogs and the degree of seroreactivity against various vector-borne pathogens. Serum samples were tested retrospectively via indirect immunofluorescence assay to determine pANCA status. Results-26 of 55 (47%) dogs with confirmed or suspected IMHA and 67 of 140 (48%) dogs seroreactive for vector-borne pathogens had positive results when tested for pANCA. Serum samples with the highest antibody concentrations against L infantum antigen had the highest proportion (28/43 [65%]) that were positive for pANCA. One of 20 (5%) dogs seronegative for tick-borne pathogens and 8 of 22 (36%) dogs seronegative for L infantum had positive results for pANCA. One of 20 (5%) healthy dogs had serum antibodies against pANCA. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-pANCA were detected in a high percentage of dogs with IMHA and vector-borne infectious diseases. Therefore, pANCA may be a relatively nonspecific marker for dogs with inflammatory bowel disease, although they could represent a biomarker for immune-mediated diseases and infections.  相似文献   

17.
Hereditary canine spinal muscular atrophy (HCSMA) is an inherited motor neuron disease affecting a kindred of Brittanies. We have examined the clinicopathologic abnormalities in 57 animals with HCSMA, including 43 affected adult dogs and 14 homozygote pups. We also measured selected biochemical indices of oxidative stress: serum vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) and Se concentrations; serum concentrations of Cu, Zn, Mg, and Fe; and total superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in red blood cells. Dogs with HCSMA had the following abnormalities: regenerative anemia, hypoglobulinemia, hypochloremia, and abnormally high creatine kinase and liver alkaline phosphatase activities. Serum Cu concentration was significantly (P = .01) increased in adult dogs with HCSMA compared to control dogs. Serum vitamin E concentrations tended to be lower in adult dogs with HCSMA compared to controls, and were significantly (P = .01) lower in homozygote pups compared to control pups.  相似文献   

18.
Alterations in antioxidant status and oxidative stress have been documented in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The purpose of this study was to more broadly assess this relationship in dogs with congestive heart failure (CHF). Malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-F(2alpha)-isoprostane, protein carbonyls, reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) glutathione, vitamins A, C, and E, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) were measured from a single venous blood sample from dogs with CHF secondary to DCM or chronic valvular disease (CVD) and in healthy controls. Nineteen dogs with CHF (14 CVD and 5 DCM) and 12 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Concentrations of 8-F(2alpha)-isoprostane (CHF: 44.6 pg/mL [range, 27.1-98.0 pg/mL], controls: 25.3 pg/ mL [range, 11.1-80.4 pg/mL]) but not MDA (CHF: 4.11 microM [range, 1.89-6.39 microM], controls: 3.88 microM [range, 2.14-4.72 microM]) or protein carbonyls (0.69 nmol/mg protein [range, 0.37-1.67 nmol/mg protein], controls: 0.80 nmol/mg protein [range, 0.40-1.14 nmol/mg protein]) were significantly higher in the dogs with CHF than in the controls. Vitamin E concentration (CHF: 2,215 microg/ dL [range, 916-3,499 microg/dL], controls: 2,820 microg/dL [range, 1,738-3,775 microg/dL]) and GSH:GSSG (CHF: 12.0 [range, 3.69-30.1], controls: 22.7 [range, 12.5-227]) were significantly lower, whereas ORAC (CHF: 824 micromol Trolox equivalent/L [range, 304-984], controls: 497 micromol Trolox equivalent/L [range, 258-759]) and vitamin C (CHF: 0.90 mg/dL [range, 0.55-2.02 mg/dL], controls: 0.72 mg/dL [range, 0.43-0.85 mg/dL]) concentrations were higher in dogs with CHF than in controls. Vitamin A concentrations were not different between dogs with CHF and controls. No differences in any of the parameters were detected between dogs with DCM versus those with CVD. Some antioxidant defenses are decreased in dogs with CHF, and some biomarkers of oxidative stress are increased in dogs with CHF. The effect of dietary interventions to correct this imbalance in antioxidant defenses warrants further study.  相似文献   

19.
The aim of this prospective observational study was to evaluate the differences in plasma nitrate/nitrite concentrations between dogs with sepsis and those with non-infectious forms of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Eighteen dogs with sepsis, 20 dogs with SIRS and 29 healthy control dogs were enrolled. Blood samples were obtained from the dogs within 12 hours of admission to the University of Missouri Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (MU VMTH) Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in lithium heparin blood tubes. Plasma nitrate/nitrite concentrations were measured using the Greiss reaction. Plasma nitrate/nitrite concentrations at presentation, clinical parameters, organ dysfunction and in-hospital mortality were compared between groups. Plasma total nitrate/nitrite was significantly greater in the sepsis group compared with the control group (P=0.005) and SIRS group (P=0.037). There was no statistical difference in plasma nitrate/nitrite concentration between the SIRS and control groups (P=0.489). The sensitivity was 66.7 per cent (95 per cent CI, 41 to 87 per cent) and the specificity was 75.5 per cent (95 per cent CI, 61 to 87 per cent) for differentiating dogs with sepsis from dogs without sepsis.  相似文献   

20.
The endothelin-1 (ET-1) plasma concentration was measured in dogs with spontaneous cardiac or respiratory diseases. Plasma samples were obtained from 76 healthy control dogs and 73 dogs, of which 58 were suffering from heart disease and 15 were suffering from respiratory disease. Dogs were evaluated using echocardiography, thoracic radiography, biochemical evaluation and a radioimmunoassay for ET-1. ET-1 plasma concentrations were significantly higher in dogs with spontaneous cardiac or respiratory diseases (mean [se] 5.3 [0.3] and 5.3 [0.6] pg/ml, respectively) than in healthy dogs (1.9 [0.1] pg/ml) (P<0.0001). ET-1 plasma concentrations increased with the class of heart failure (International Small Animal Cardiac Health Council classification) (P<0.0001) and with the severity of pulmonary disorders. ET-1 plasma concentrations were positively correlated with the extent of systolic pulmonary hypertension measured by Doppler echocardiography (P<0.05; r=0.75) and with the clinical outcome of dogs with respiratory disease. Evaluation of the ET-1 plasma concentration allowed differentiation between heart and respiratory disorders in dogs exhibiting clinical signs at exercise, but not in patients exhibiting clinical signs at rest.  相似文献   

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