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1.
为了探讨迟缓爱德华菌菌蜕疫苗预防鳗鲡爱德华菌病的可行性,实验采用腹腔注射、口服、浸泡3种途径探讨了迟缓爱德华菌菌蜕疫苗对欧洲鳗的免疫保护效果。结果表明,免疫后欧洲鳗血清抗体效价均明显升高,但菌蜕疫苗(ETG)组与福尔马林灭活疫苗(FKC)组间血清抗体效价无显著性差异。欧洲鳗注射、口服、浸泡ETG组的相对免疫保护率分别为75.0%、52.5%、37.5%,分别高于FKC组的55.0%、40.0%、32.5%,且ETG组欧洲鳗死亡时间明显推后,表明菌蜕疫苗的免疫保护效果优于福尔马林灭活疫苗。易操作、对鱼体应激少的ETG疫苗口服免疫欧洲鳗获得了52.5%的免疫保护率,在预防鳗鲡爱德华菌病中具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
2.
为了评价抗爱德华氏菌(Edwardsiella ictaluri)的特异性Ig Y的功能性蛋粉在黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)"红头病"预防及治疗中的应用效果,采用灭活的爱德华氏菌(菌种保藏号:CCTCCNO:M2012024)免疫蛋鸡,通过微包膜及高速离心喷雾干燥技术制备抗爱德华氏菌的特异性Ig Y的功能性蛋粉,采用泼洒和口服两种方式检测该功能性蛋粉对黄颡鱼的免疫保护率。结果显示,所制备的功能性蛋粉抗体效价达到1∶5120;以剂量为2 mg/L功能性蛋粉连续泼洒水体3 d或以饲料重量0.2%的剂量口服14 d后,再用浓度为2.0×107CFU/m L的致病性爱德华氏菌对健康黄颡鱼进行攻毒,泼洒和口服功能性蛋粉对黄颡鱼的免疫保护率分别为85.5%和70.0%;对人工感染爱德华氏菌后患病的黄颡鱼养殖水体连续泼洒5 d或投喂14 d功能性蛋粉,其对黄颡鱼的免疫保护率分别为67.2%和40.7%,表明制备的功能性蛋粉对黄颡鱼"红头病"有很好的预防和治疗效果。 相似文献
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4.
为比较鱼源乳酸菌表达系统口服疫苗在不同免疫程序下诱导鱼免疫应答水平的差异,确定鱼源乳酸菌表达系统口服免疫虹鳟幼鱼的免疫程序。本研究构建了重组表达IPNV VP2-VP3蛋白的鱼源植物乳杆菌L1212,将重组菌pPG612-VP2-VP3/L1212包裹颗粒饲料,口服免疫虹鳟幼鱼。免疫程序分为连续免疫组、免疫1 d后间隔1 d再免疫1 d组、连续免疫4 d后32 d加强免疫1次组和间隔免疫后32 d加强免疫1次组。免疫后进行尾动脉采血,间接ELISA方法检测各组血清抗体效价,免疫接种66 d后,腹腔注射IPNV,计算各组相对免疫保护率。确定颗粒饲料按照1 mL/g比例与108 CFU/mL重组菌pPG612-VP2-VP3/L1212和2.5%海藻酸钠混合,于20℃烘干制备口服疫苗。间隔免疫组血清抗体效价和攻毒保护率均显著高于其他组,并且免疫2次的间隔免疫组的血清抗体效价和攻毒保护率均显著高于免疫1次间隔免疫组。采用重组菌包被颗粒饲料饲喂虹鳟幼鱼,间隔免疫的免疫程序和免疫保护率优于连续免疫的免疫程序,对IPNV的入侵起到保护作用。 相似文献
5.
为探究由维氏气单胞菌（Aeromonas veronii,简称Av）弱毒株FS12001制备的疫苗对异育银鲫（Carassius auratus gibelio,gibel carp）免疫效果。采用Av弱毒株FS12001制备活疫苗、灭活疫苗、ISA763A-灭活疫苗和蜂胶-灭活疫苗腹腔注射免疫异育银鲫,同时设ISA763A佐剂、蜂胶佐剂及0.65% NaCL作为对照组。于免疫后 1、3、5、7和 14 d经实时荧光定量 PCR 法检测脾脏组织中 IgM、IL-1β及LZM的基因表达量;于免疫后 7、14、21、28、42和 48 d尾静脉采血分离血清,检测抗体IgM,SOD和LZM活性;于免疫28 d 后用2株不同来源的Av强毒株分别攻毒各组实验鱼,连续观察记录7 d,计算各免疫组的相对保护率。结果显示,各免疫组脾脏组织中IgM、IL-1β及LZM的基因表达量高于对照组,且ISA763A-灭活疫苗组和蜂胶-灭活疫苗组的表达量显著高于其他各实验组。各疫苗免疫组血清特异性抗体水平均显著高于0.65% NaCL对照组和佐剂对照组。各疫苗免疫组的LZM活性均在28 d最高,灭活疫苗组、ISA763A-灭活疫苗组及蜂胶-灭活疫苗组SOD活性均在7 d 最高。菌株AVCA07攻毒后,活疫苗组、灭活疫苗组、ISA763A-灭活疫苗组和蜂胶-灭活疫苗组的RPS 分别为 63%、56%、100%、60%;菌株YC170511攻毒后,以上4个免疫组RPS分别为59%、55%、93%、72%。研究表明用弱毒株FS12001制备的几种疫苗,注射免疫异育银鲫后均可增加脾脏中 IgM、IL-1β及LZM的基因表达量,提高血清抗体水平,增强SOD和LZM酶活性,增强其抵抗Av感染的能力。本研究为运动性气单胞菌败血症疫苗研发做储备,为该病的预防和控制技术提供依据。 相似文献
6.
嗜水气单胞菌3种疫苗对斑点叉尾免疫原性比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将经福尔马林灭活的嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)、菌体脂多糖(LPS)和菌体外膜蛋白(OMP)作为免疫原,分别接种斑点叉尾(Ictalurus punctatus Rafinsque)后,通过测定受免鱼的凝集抗体效价,头肾和血液中吞噬细胞的吞噬活性和用A.hydrophila活菌攻毒的方法,探讨了斑点叉尾对A.hydrophila的3种疫苗的免疫应答状况和对活菌攻毒的免疫保护效果。试验结果显示:对斑点叉尾经腹腔注射接种3种疫苗均能刺激受免鱼产生较强的免疫应答,3种疫苗的受免鱼均产生了特异性凝集抗体,接种F-Ah灭活菌苗的试验鱼最高,接种OMP疫苗的试验鱼其次,而接种LPS疫苗的试验鱼血清中凝集抗体效价最低;与未接种疫苗的对照鱼相比,受免鱼头肾和血液中吞噬细胞的吞噬活性明显上升,头肾和血液中吞噬细胞活性由高到低依次是LPS、OMP和F-Ah免疫接种的斑点叉尾;活菌攻毒的结果证明接种3种疫苗的受免斑点叉尾A.hydrophila的感染产生了不同程度的相对免疫保护力(RPS),以OMP免疫接种后的斑点叉尾RPS最高,达到72.5%,接种LPS的斑点叉尾稍差,RPS为62.5%,而RPS最低的是接种F-Ah的免疫组,RPS只有24.2%。 相似文献
7.
鱼用哈维氏弧菌亚单位缓释微球口服疫苗的免疫效果初探 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
通过复乳化-溶剂挥发技术,采用生物可降解性高分子材料聚-DL-乳酸-聚乙二醇共聚物(PELA)包裹哈维氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi,Vh)重组外膜蛋白OmpK,制成缓释微球颗粒疫苗,口服免疫鲫鱼,测定其血清的凝集效价和相对免疫保护率.结果表明,制备的缓释微球疫苗直径＜10μm,且以粒径＜5μm的微球居多;微球中重组外膜蛋白OmpK包裹率达78.3%.鲫鱼口服微球疫苗2周后,血清抗体水平持续上升,第5周血清凝集抗体效价可达到与佐剂注射组相当的水平(28),抗体高峰期比注射组长1～2周,且降低较慢;免疫4周后用活菌攻击,口服组具有69.4%的相对免疫保护率,而对照组死亡率高达98%.结论为采用可生物降解的缓释微球作为鱼类亚单位口服疫苗的载体系统是可行的. 相似文献
8.
在水温(25±1)℃下,给平均体质量(80±5)g的斑点叉尾鮰Ictalurus punctatus腹腔注射福尔马林灭活的鮰爱德华氏菌(Formalin-killed Edwardsiella ictaluri,FKE)后,第2、4、6、8、14、21,和28d测定外周血液免疫指标,并在免疫后第28天进行攻毒试验。结果显示:注射鮰爱德华氏菌灭活菌苗后,斑点叉尾鮰外周血红细胞和白细胞数量显著升高,白细胞分类组成变化显著,吞噬细胞的吞噬活性与凝集抗体效价显著上升。第4d免疫组红细胞和白细胞达峰值2.52×106/μL和4.67×105/μL,极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);单核细胞、中性粒细胞、吞噬细胞分类百分比和吞噬指数均在第4d达到峰值,分别为22.3%、5.67%、39.3%和4.33,极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);淋巴细胞分类百分比、凝集抗体效价在第21d达到峰值,分别为54.33%和1:341.33,极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。攻毒试验结果表明:免疫组相对免疫保护率为64.3%。福尔马林灭活的鮰爱德华氏菌免疫后,斑点叉尾鮰获得较强的抗鮰爱德华氏菌感染保护能力,为进一步研究斑点叉尾鮰肠道败血症的免疫奠定基础。 相似文献
9.
采用反相蒸发法制备嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌的脂质体疫苗,通过灌胃分别给予各组斑点叉尾(鮰)(Ictalurus punctatus)脂质体疫苗(Ⅰ-Ⅲ组)、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌灭活苗(Ⅳ组)和生理盐水(Ⅴ组),每2周给药1次,共3次.于接种疫苗后第1天、14天、28天和第49天采集静脉血,测定白细胞的杀菌活性和血清抗体IgM含量的变化,并用细菌攻毒实验检测免疫保护效应.结果显示,本实验制备的脂质体疫苗粒径约为(0.9±0.3)μm,包封率为53.23%,与嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌灭活苗相比能显著增强斑点叉尾(鮰)吞噬细胞的杀菌活性和血清抗体:IgM水平.腹腔注射活菌攻毒后,脂质体疫苗免疫的Ⅰ-Ⅲ组的相对免疫保护率分别为34.8%、48.2%和55.4%;而嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌灭活苗免疫的Ⅳ组的相对免疫保护率仅有6.7%,生理盐水对照Ⅴ组保护率则为零.研究表明,口服脂质体疫苗对斑点又尾(鮰)具有显著的免疫保护效应,可作为预防嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌感染的疫苗. 相似文献
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用福尔马林灭活哈维氏弧菌、鳗弧菌、迟钝爱德华氏菌、大菱鲆弧菌和溶藻胶弧菌制备成五联灭活疫苗,添加黄芪多糖作为佐剂。分别用添加黄芪多糖佐剂组和无佐剂组对大菱鲆进行腹腔注射,在第7、14、21、28、35、42、56天采取血样并检测抗体效价、溶菌酶活力和SOD活力,第56天进行人工攻毒实验,测定免疫保护力。结果表明,黄芪多糖佐剂组(免疫组2)和无佐剂组(免疫组1)两组的溶菌酶活力和SOD活力都在第28天达到最高值,且黄芪多糖佐剂组显著高于无佐剂组(P<0.05)。两个免疫组抗体效价也都在第28天达到最大值,但黄芪多糖佐剂组要显著高于无佐剂组(P<0.05),其中免疫组2的哈维氏弧菌、鳗弧菌、迟钝爱德华氏菌、大菱鲆弧菌和溶藻胶弧菌的抗体效价分别为27.25、26.75、28.5、28.75、26.25,免疫组1分别为26、25.75、26.75、27.5、25。用上述5种细菌分别进行人工攻毒实验,结果表明,免疫组2的免疫保护力依次为50.0%、50.0%、71.4%、62.5%、44.4%;免疫组1的免疫保护力依次为37.5%、30.0%、42.9%、50.0%、33.3%。实验结果证明,五联疫苗对大菱鲆具有免疫作用,而且添加黄芪多糖佐剂组的免疫效果显著好于无佐剂组。 相似文献
11.
Susceptibility of five species of fish to Edwardsiella ictaluri 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Abstract. Five species of fingerling fish, channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus , tilapia, Sarotherodon aureus , golden shiner, Notemigonus crysoleucas , largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides and bighead carp, Aristichthys nobilis , were tested to determine their susceptibility to the bacterium, Edwardsiella ictaluri , at 26°C, Channel catfish demonstrated high susceptibility to E. ictaluri as 100% of those fish injected with 1.5 × 103 cells died within 10 days. Tilapia demonstrated slight susceptibility to the pathogen while golden shiner, bighead carp and largemouth bass were not susceptible. E. ictaluri was isolated from a higher percentage of peritoneal cavities, livers and kidneys of channel catfish than of other species. Sequential growth of E. ictaluri in the liver of channel catfish is described. 相似文献
12.
Wendy M. Sealey Chhorn Lim P. H. Klesius 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1997,28(2):142-149
Channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus fingerlings were fed purified diets supplemented with iron at levels of 0, 20, 60, and 180 mg/kg from iron sulfate (FeS) or 5, 10, 20, 60, and 180 mg/kg from iron methionine (FeM) in triplicate tanks for 8 wk. Fish were then divided into two groups and subjected to different assays to measure disease resistance and individual immune functions. Representative fish from each dietary treatment were challenged by bacterial immersion with virulent Edwardsiella ictaluri , and mortality due to enteric septicemia was recorded. Other fish were immunized with 0.2–mL formalin-killed E. ictaluri and boosted 21 d post-immunization. Antibody response was determined by FAST-ELISA. Chemiluminescent and chemotaxis assays were performed using peritoneal macrophages. Supplementation of the diet with various levels of iron from FeS or FeM did not significantly affect antibody production. Chemotactic migration by macrophages was depressed in iron-deficient fish and a level of 60 mgkg from either FeS or FeM provided the highest chemotactic indexes. A deficiency of dietary iron was found to increase mortality of channel caffish due to enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC). However, more studies should be conducted to better understand the effects of sources and levels of dietary iron on immune responses and disease resistance in channel caffish. 相似文献
13.
Chhorn Lim Mediha Yildirim‐Aksoy Phillip H. Klesius 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2009,40(2):182-193
A study was conducted to examine the effect of dietary levels of distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on growth, body composition, hematology, immune response, and resistance of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, to Edwardsiella ictaluri challenge. Five diets containing 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% DDGS with supplemental lysine (Diets 1–5) as partial replacements of a combination of soybean meal and cornmeal on an equal protein basis were fed to juvenile catfish (13.33 ± 0.25 g) for 12 wk. Growth performance and feed utilization efficiency were similar for fish in all treatments. Body lipid and moisture increased and decreased, respectively, in fish feed DDGS‐containing diets relative to the control group. Dietary treatment had no effect on red and white blood cell counts. Hemoglobin and hematocrit were significantly higher in fish fed diets containing DDGS than in those fed the control diet. Fish fed 20–40% DDGS diets had increased serum total immunoglobulin, and those fed the 30% DDGS diet had significantly increased antibody titers 21 d following E. ictaluri challenge. Other immune variables evaluated were not affected by dietary treatments. Preliminary results on bacterial challenge showed an increased resistance against E. ictaluri in fish fed DDGS‐containing diets (Diets 2–5). 相似文献
14.
Glucan administration potentiates immune defence mechanisms of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abstract. Intraperitoncal injection of β-l,3 glucan in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque, greatly reduces mortality from experimental infection with Edwardsiella ictaluri. Anterior kidney phagocytes from fish receiving glucan had enhanced phagocytic and bactericidal ability. The elevated bactericidal ability of phagocytes was not accompanied by increased production of hydrogen peroxide. Fish injected with glucan responded to subsequent E. ictaluri immunizations with higher serum antibody titres relative to the control catfish. The timing of glucan administration and antigen immunization was also important. These results indicate that β-1,3 glucan potentially could be utilized prophylactically as an immunomodulator in channel catfish. 相似文献
15.
Abstract The efficacy of restrictive feeding regimes and Romet®-medicated feed (formulated at 40.5-mg Romet-30 premix/kg feed) fed at 2.0% body weight was evaluated under field trial conditions for the treatment of naturally induced Edwardsiella ictaluri infections in fingerling channel catfish. After detection of an Edwardsiella ictaluri epizootic, fish were fed medicated and non-medicated feed every day, every other day and every third day for the duration of the experiment. In addition, experimental treatments also included fish that were completely withheld from feed and those provided Romet-medicated feed for five consecutive days followed by non-medicated feed fed daily. Feeding frequency and diet significantly affected survival and weight gain. Survival was greatest among fish that were completely withheld from feed or that were fed medicated feed every other or every third day. The use of non-medicated feed every other or every third day was equally as effective for reducing Edwardsiella ictaluri associated mortalities as feeding Romet-medicated feed on a daily basis. Feeding fish Romet-medicated feed for five consecutive days was not an effective treatment. Agglutinating antibody titers against Edwardsiella ictaluri were significantly lower in all groups of fish fed Romet-medicated feed for the duration of the experiment. These data indicate that feeding frequency is a primary factor affecting the severity of Edwardsiella ictaluri infection and that prolonged consumption of Romet-medicated feed may suppress antibody production. 相似文献
16.
Edwardsiella ictaluri is a primary bacterial pathogen of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, and the causative agent of enteric septicaemia of catfish . Edwardsiella ictaluri is known to gain entry to the host by infection of the nares, gastrointestinal tract, and gills, and to disseminate to organs via an as yet uncharacterized acute bacteraemia. In this study, fluorescent microscopy showed E. ictaluri on the gill within 5 min of immersion challenge and E. ictaluri could also be isolated from the circulation within 5 min. When removed to clean water, catfish cleared circulating bacteria within 15 min and the blood remained free of E. ictaluri until its reappearance at the 12 h post-infection sampling. However, Aeromonas hydrophila , the aetiological agent of motile aeromonad septicaemia, appeared within the circulation 7 h post-challenge with E. ictaluri and was detected in all fish at 12 h post-infection. Only 20% of fish carried A. hydrophila in the trunk kidney that could be detected by plate culture on Rimler–Shotts agar; however, 100% of challenged and stress-control fish were A. hydrophila complex positive at 24 h post-challenge. These results suggest that although the catfish is capable of clearing its circulation of E. ictaluri , superinfection with latent A. hydrophila may enhance clinical signs of edwardsiellosis. This is the first report of a bacterial superinfection appearing in fish. 相似文献
17.
甘露糖受体(MR)隶属凝集素超家族,主要表达于巨噬细胞和未成熟的树突状细胞表面。MR不仅在先天免疫防御中发挥重要作用,还通过参与抗原呈递,激活T淋巴细胞,启动获得性免疫应答过程。本研究采用同源克隆技术获得黄颡鱼甘露糖受体(pf MR)基因,采用荧光定量PCR技术检测MR在正常黄颡鱼体内的分布情况,采用鲖爱德华菌感染黄颡鱼头肾巨噬细胞和甘露聚糖封闭MR方法研究黄颡鱼MR在抗细菌感染中的作用。结果显示,pf MR同团头鲂、草鱼、斑马鱼和尼罗罗非鱼的MR聚为一支。pf MR在所检测的12个组织中均有分布,其在肾脏、脾脏和肌肉组织中表达量较高,在血液中表达量较少。鲖爱德华菌感染黄颡鱼头肾巨噬细胞后,pf MR、IL-1β和TNF-a均被细菌诱导表达,超氧阴离子和一氧化氮的含量也上升,超氧阴离子在感染30 min后即显著上升,一氧化氮在感染12 h后才显著上升。甘露聚糖竞争结合MR,显著抑制巨噬细胞内化GFP标签的鲖爱德华菌,加入EDTA减少内化的荧光强度,加入Ca~(2+)使内化的荧光强度回升。研究表明,黄颡鱼头肾巨噬细胞MR参与鲖爱德华菌的识别和内吞过程,而且依赖Ca~(2+)。 相似文献
18.
酵母免疫多糖对受免斑点叉尾免疫应答的增强作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在饲料中添加定量的酵母免疫多糖,投喂注射接种了福尔马林灭活的嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)菌苗的斑点叉尾(Ictalurus punctatus),28 d后通过测定供试鱼的增重量、血清中凝集抗体效价、溶菌酶活性、谷丙转氨酶活性(SGPT)、血清总蛋白含量、白细胞吞噬活性以及活菌攻毒后的免疫保护率(RPS),探讨了酵母免疫多糖对受免斑点叉尾免疫应答的增强作用。结果表明,用添加200.0 mg/(kg.d)酵母免疫多糖的饲料投喂受免斑点叉尾,不仅可以使受免斑点叉尾对灭活嗜水气单胞菌的免疫应答水平提高,增强抵抗嗜水气单胞菌人工感染的能力,而且还具有一定的促进生长和改善肝功能的作用。 相似文献