共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
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探究不同类型豆类种子的活力检测方法并对其进行分析。选取绿豆和黄豆为研究对象,使用低温冷浸、冷发芽以及提升老化速度3种方法对品种齐黄28、中豆31、绿宝八号以及周研一号豆类种子进行活力检测,找出不同种类豆子合适的活力检测方法。结果发现,加速老化对绿宝八号苗高效果明显,且对其他3种豆类的发芽势、发芽、苗高效果均下降;低温冷浸对4类豆类的发芽势、发芽率以及苗高效果均明显降低;冷发芽对齐黄28、中豆31发芽势、发芽率以及苗高下降均不显著,绿宝八号的苗高显著下降以及周研一号的发芽、苗高显著下降;加速老化和低温冷浸方法对齐黄28和中豆31的活力测定较为适用,低温冷浸对绿宝八号活力测定较为适用。 相似文献
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浅谈大豆蛋白的加工利用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
最近卢良恕等学者提出我国现阶段调整和改善食物结构的原则是:坚持以植物性食品为主,逐步增加动物食品和豆类消费量,不断改进膳食质量。专家们又设想了2000年我国膳食目标为:平均每人日摄入热量2400千卡,谷物占总热量的60~65％,蛋白质70~75克。其中动物蛋白质占20~25％,豆类蛋白质占15~20％。如何提高大豆蛋白加工利用水平,是实现这一战略设想的重要问题之一。一、大豆营养和对现代加工技术的要求大豆籽粒含蛋白质40％。仅以含量看,1公斤…… 相似文献
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大豆虽然是豆类作物,但因其含有较高的油分和丰富的蛋白质,不仅与禾谷类作物种子有很大差别,而且也不同于一般豆类作物种子。在贮藏大豆种子时,除按一般种子贮藏保管外,还应分析其贮藏特点、质变规律,采取相应的措施,才能达到安全贮藏的 相似文献
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豌豆种子发育过程中贮藏蛋白质的合成 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
对豌豆种子发育过程中贮藏蛋白质的生物合成的研究结果表明:豌豆种子发育过程中,干物质累积量、单粒含氮量都随开花后日数增加而增加。其中开花第3天出现LMW蛋白质组分,第6天出现HMW蛋白质组分;第15天出现豌豆球蛋白、第18天出现豆球蛋白,第21天出现伴豌豆球蛋白,第27天各种蛋白质组分累积达最大值。其累积的顺序是:豌豆球蛋白——豆球蛋白—伴豌豆球蛋白。 相似文献
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近年来,随着国家种子工程和种子产业化的不断实施,青海种子加工业有了较快发展。但由于起步较晚,目前在不少方面尚处于探索阶段,出现的一些问题不容忽视。1存在的问题1.1种子加工种类混乱、程序过于简单目前,青海使用的种子加工设备主要以小型单机为主,用以加工小麦、青稞、豆类等作物种子。由于缺乏小粒种子设备,对蔬菜种子的精选加工基本没有开展。就小麦、青稞、豆类等作物种子加工而言,也因种子加工机械不配套,许多加工点只是简单的初级加工,即清选后进行定量包装,这与种子规范加工所规定的预清、精选分级、药物处理、计量、包装等要求相差甚远,还达不到种子加工的标准,在一定程度上影响了青海农业生产向现代 相似文献
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贺荣平 《农产品加工．学刊》2005,(12):44-45
动物蛋白和植物蛋白是人体蛋白的两个重要来源，植物蛋白主要是从谷物及豆类中获得特别是豆类蛋白营养价值高，不含脂肪和胆固醇，富含异黄酮、低聚糖、膳食纤维和多种矿物质，它的蛋白质含量是牛奶的17倍、猪肉的3倍、牛肉的2倍、面粉的5倍、大米的7倍左右。用衡量蛋白质质量的PDCAAS方法测算，以1为最高分，豆类蛋白、牛奶蛋白、鸡蛋蛋白均为1分，牛肉蛋白为0．92分，小麦蛋白只为0．25分。可以说，豆类食品是营养物质的宝库。除此之外，豆类食品还可以预防多种疾病，大量的临床试验表明，每天食用25g豆类蛋白可减少心脏疾病的危险，关于豆类蛋白的抗癌功能也得到有关专家的论证。 相似文献
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用气相色谱分析了白菜,水稻,绿豆种子在密闭贮藏间挥发性组分的种类与释放量,不同温度下含水量不同的各种种子都有挥发性组分产生,种子贮藏在０℃,比的在２５℃产生的挥发性组分多,经３２％相对湿度（ＲＨ）平衡水分的种子比经９％或６４％ＲＨ平衡水分的种子产生的挥发性组分释放量多,分析种子产生的挥发性组分与种子活力关系,发现乙醛释放量与种了活力成显著正相关,乙醛／乙醇与这种子活力也成明显正相关。 相似文献
10.
用气相色谱分析了白菜、水稻、绿豆种子在密闭贮藏期间挥发性组分的种类与释放量。不同温度下含水量不同的各种种子都有挥发性组分产生。种于贮藏在0℃比的在25℃产生的挥发性组分多：经32％相对湿度（RH）平衡水分的种子比经9％或64％RH平衡水分的种子产生的挥发性组分释放量多。分析种子产生的挥发性组分与种子活力关系,发现乙醛释放量与种子活力成显著正相关,乙醛／乙醇与种子活力也成明显正相关。 相似文献
11.
绿豆的品质特性及综合利用研究进展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
绿豆是中国主要的食用豆类作物之一,其营养品质及加工品质直接影响着绿豆加工产业的发展。为了推动绿豆加工产业的发展,笔者结合国内外文献,归纳了绿豆品质特性的研究进展,包括物理品质、营养品质、药用价值及加工品质,总结了绿豆淀粉、蛋白质、膳食纤维、抗性淀粉、黄酮类化合物及超氧化物歧化酶的加工利用现状。认为应该加强绿豆品质特性、功能成分研究,注重保健产品的开发,加强加工工艺和技术的研究,培育一批市场竞争力强的绿豆加工龙头企业,促进绿豆加工业的发展。 相似文献
12.
Improving adaptation to drought stress in white pea bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): Genotypic effects on grain yield,yield components and pod harvest index 
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下载免费PDF全文 Teshale Assefa Idupulapati M. Rao Steven B. Cannon Jixiang Wu Zenbaba Gutema Matthew Blair Paul Otyama Fitsume Alemayehu Belete Dagne 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(4):548-561
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important food legume crop in Africa and Latin America where rainfall pattern is unpredictable. The objectives were to identify better yielding common bean lines with good canning quality under drought, and to identify traits that could be used as selection criteria for evaluating drought‐tolerant genotypes. In all, 35 advanced lines were developed through single seed descent and evaluated with a standard check under drought and irrigated conditions at two locations over 2 years in Ethiopia. Grain yield (GY), pod number per m2, seed number per m2 and seed weight decreased by 56%, 47%, 49% and 14%, respectively, under drought stress. Eight genotypes had better yield with good canning quality under drought compared to the check. Moderate to high proportion of genetic effects were observed under drought conditions for GY and yield components compared to genotype × environment effects. Significant positive correlations between GY and pod harvest index (PHI) in drought suggest that PHI could be used as an indirect selection criterion for common bean improvement. 相似文献
13.
S. Grzesiak W. Filek G. Skrudlik B. Niziol 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1996,177(4):245-252
Experiments were performed to evaluate seed germination and seedling growth in simulated drought as screening techniques for drought tolerance raring. Several laboratory screening tests were evaluated for ability to estimate drought resistance in 18 cultivars of legume plants (field bean, soybean, field pea, lupine). Drought was simulated by a water solution of mannitol of chemical water potential ψ= -0.3 and -0.6 MPa. Both solutions significantly affected seed germination (final germination and promptness index) and seedling growth parameters (seedling height, dry matter of shoot and root as well as leaf injury by drought and high temperature). The tested cultivars could be grouped as drought resistant and drought susceptible plants. Drought tolerance ratings of legume plants in the laboratory tests were, on the whole, consistent with the ratings based on estimation of direct effects of soil drought on seed yield in field experiments. Measurements of electroconductivity of leaf diffusate to evaluate invisible injury caused by drought or high temperature were found to be an adequate criterion for drought tolerance rating. It is concluded that tolerance to drought stress in growing seedlings can be screened for by using mannitol containing nutrient solution. According to the results collected in this research, varieties differences in seed germination, seedling growth and leaf injury affected by drought or heat temperature were evident, however, not all treatments appeared to be equally useful for screening of legume species cultivars. 相似文献
14.
芸豆种子蛋白组分及其在种子萌发过程中的变化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以4个具有明显差异的芸豆品种为材料,采用SDS-PAGE方法研究芸豆种子萌发过程中水溶、盐溶和总蛋白组分变化及种子胚和子叶变化过程中蛋白组分变化.试验结果表明,芸豆种子的子叶、胚含有丰富的蛋白亚基,其中,同一品种子叶和胚贮藏蛋白亚基差异明显,子叶、胚的水溶蛋白、盐溶蛋白和总蛋白相差不大、条带丰富;不同品种之间条带存在差异;在发芽过程中,高分子量蛋白亚基的降解速度快于低分子量蛋白亚基,子叶亚基的降解速度明显慢于胚的亚基降解速度;不同品种间子叶、胚条带差异明显,种子活力高的品种(Y05,Y06)降解速度快于种子活力低的品种(Y09,Y1 1),而蛋白含量高的品种(Y1 1,Y05)与蛋白含量低的品种(Y06,Y09)差异不明显.研究结果为芸豆品种鉴定、品种改良、优质栽培及发芽机理提供理论依据. 相似文献
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豆类芽苗菜生产工艺的研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
豆类芽苗菜指豆类种子经过萌发之后,短时间内生长为豆芽或者食用幼苗的一类特色蔬菜。与大宗蔬菜相比,豆类芽苗菜风味独特、口感脆嫩、生育周期短、对光照要求低,是一类经济价值较高的蔬菜。国内,豆类芽苗菜的基本生产技术已经初步形成,但芽苗用品种资源的筛选、浸种技术、栽培管理等研究进展缓慢。笔者从豆类芽苗菜种质资源研究与利用现状、高产优质生产工艺2个层面进行综述,供中国豆类芽苗菜科研工作者参考,并希望为豆类芽苗菜生产者提供一些理论依据和技术支持。 相似文献
16.
M. Bourgault C. A. Madramootoo H. A. Webber P. Dutilleul G. Stulina M. G. Horst D. L. Smith 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2013,199(4):241-252
With world population expected to reach 9.2 billion people by 2050, improved irrigation methods will be needed to increase the productivity of agricultural land and improve food supply worldwide. The objective of this work was to examine the effect of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and alternate furrow irrigation (AFI) on the yield and yield components of two legume species (common bean and mungbean) produced as a second crop following winter wheat in Uzbekistan, Central Asia. Water relations and crop development were also examined. The research was conducted during two successive growing seasons in the Fergana valley. Production of mungbean using the severe stress RDI treatment in combination with AFI resulted in the highest yields with the lowest quantity of applied water in 2004. In addition, yields of common bean in the moderate stress treatment were not different from the recommended schedule, although irrigation events were decreased from 4 to 2. AFI did not reduce yields, and it did not interact with RDI to reduce yields further. In general, mungbean yields were higher than those of common bean. The combination of AFI and RDI can allow legume production with reduced water inputs. 相似文献
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J. D. Lee M. L. Oliva D. A. Sleper & J. G. Shannon 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2008,194(4):320-324
Soya bean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genotypes with modified unsaturated fatty acid profiles in seed oil have been developed. Higher oleic (18:1) and lower linolenic (18:3) acids are desirable for increased use of soya bean oil in food and industrial applications. The environment affects levels of unsaturated fatty acids in soya bean and it is important that desired components of seed oil are produced across a range of growing conditions. Our objective was to determine whether irrigation affects fatty acid levels in soya bean with altered fatty acid profiles. Seven modified oil genotypes which included elevated oleic acids, and/or reduced linolenic acid, along with two common soya bean varieties were evaluated with and without irrigation (rain fed) in four environments in each of 2 years. Irrigation generally had no significant influence on unsaturated fatty acid accumulation in seed oil in soya bean genotypes with altered fatty acid profiles. However, irrigation tended to show desirable effects on 18:1 and 18:3 contents in the genotypes studied. Oleic acid tended to be higher in eight of the nine genotypes and linolenic acid was lower in six of the nine genotypes under irrigation vs. rain fed treatments. 相似文献
18.
Screening for Drought Resistance: Evaluation of Drought Susceptibility Index of Legume Plants under Natural Growth Conditions 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
S. Grzesiak W. Filek S. Pienkowski B. Nizio&#; 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1996,177(4):237-244
Eighteen cultivars of legume species (field bean, soybean, field pea, lupine) were screened for drought tolerance in 3 year-long field experiments. The aim of the investigations was to evaluate the generic variation of drought susceptibility of the tested varieties. The experimental plots were equipped with an installation which enabled the limitation of the water content in soil and soil irrigation. The applied drought susceptibility index (DSI) considered the relations between seed yield of plants under drought conditions (YD) and that under conditions of good soil watering (YIR) as well as their dependence on the drought severity index (DS). The use of the index divided the cultivars into two groups of different drought tolerances. The group of drought resistant cultivars characterized by mean values of the DSI index < 0.31 comprised field bean cultivars Bourdon, Gobo and Nadwislanski, soybean cultivars Aldana, Polan and Progres, field pea cultivars Miko and Solara and lupine cultivars Popiel and Bac. To the drought sensitive cultivars with DSI > 0.44 belonged Victor and Bronto of field bean species, Bareness and Mige of field pea species and Emir of lupine species. In general, the resistant cultivars when compared with the susceptible ones were characterized by lesser yield of seeds, which, however, was more stable both under conditions of drought and moistured plots. Any dependence of the degree of drought tolerance on the duration of the particular periods of plant growth was not observed in the experiments, however, both in’ drought susceptible and drought resistant cultivars there appeared the tendency to shorten the development phases under drought and to prolong them under artificial irrigation. In general, based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that legume plants belong to the species sensitive to water supply. The observed decrease of plant seed yield under moderate natural soil dryness in the year 1993 differed only a little from that found in experiments in the years 1994 and 1995, when soil dryness was much more severe. 相似文献
19.
In common bean, the most abundant proteins of the lectin family (arcelin, phytohaemagglutinin and α-amylase inhibitor – APA proteins) are major antinutritional factors of the seeds. Reduced protein digestibility and high toxicity at the intestinal level are the causes of their antinutritional effect. Bean lines producing seeds without the lectins mentioned above were developed to improve nutritional characteristics of bean seeds used for human consumption and, potentially, for animal feeding. The genetic trait was transferred from a wild bean accession into a number of bean cultivars. The 1 : 3 'lectin-free/lectin-containing seeds' segregation ratio hypothesis was confirmed by chi-square analysis in the F2 progenies. Four lectin-free stable lines, P500, P501, 938 and 586/8 (white seeded), and 44 climbing breeding lines, have been developed. The 'white seed coat' trait, correlated with a reduced amount of tannins and polyphenols in bean seeds, has been introduced in our lectin-free materials to further improve their nutritional characteristics. The field performance of P501, 938 and 586/8 and that of their lectin-containing parents, was evaluated on 2007 in two locations. Dry seed yield, seed emergence, plant height, plant growth duration, average weight and germination capacity of the produced seeds were surveyed and statistically analysed. At the location of Battipaglia (Salerno), the dry seed yield value of the lectin-free line 938 (3.74 t/ha) and that of one of its parent, the CIAT line BAT 881 (3.65 t/ha), were significantly higher than those of all other lines tested. Germination percentage of lectin-free lines, recorded 3 days after sowing, was significantly higher than that of controls. 相似文献