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1.
Norfloxacin was given to 6 healthy dogs at a dosage of 5 mg/kg of body weight IV and orally in a complete crossover study, and orally at dosages of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg to 6 healthy dogs in a 3-way crossover study. For 24 hours, serum concentration was monitored serially after each administration. Another 6 dogs were given 5 mg of norfloxacin/kg orally every 12 hours for 14 days, and serum concentration was determined serially for 12 hours after the first and last administration of the drug. Complete blood count and serum biochemical analysis were performed before and after 14 days of oral norfloxacin administration, and clinical signs of drug toxicosis were monitored twice daily during norfloxacin administration. Urine concentration of norfloxacin was determined periodically during serum acquisition periods. Norfloxacin concentration was determined, using high-performance liquid chromatography with a limit of detection of 25 ng of norfloxacin/ml of serum or urine. Serum norfloxacin pharmacokinetic values after single IV dosing in dogs were best modeled, using a 2-compartment open model, with distribution and elimination half-lives of 0.467 and 3.56 hours (harmonic means), respectively. Area-derived volume of distribution (Vd area) was 1.77 +/- 0.69 L/kg (arithmetic mean +/- SD), and serum clearance (Cls) was 0.332 +/- 0.115 L/h/kg. Mean residence time was 4.32 +/- 0.98 hour. Comparison of the area under the curve (AUC; derived, using model-independent calculations) after iv administration (5 mg/kg) with AUC after oral administration (5 mg/kg) in the same dogs indicated bioavailability of 35.0 +/- 46.1%, with a mean residence time after oral administration of 5.71 +/-2.24 hours. Urine concentration was 33.8 +/- 15.3 micrograms/ml at 4 hours after a single dose of 5 mg/kg given orally, whereas concentration after 20 mg/kg was given orally was 56.8 +/- 18.0 micrograms/ml at 6 hours after dosing. Twelve hours after drug administration, urine concentration was 47.4 +/- 20.6 micrograms/ml after the 5-mg/kg dose and 80.6 +/- 37.7 micrograms/ml after the 20/mg/kg dose.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

2.
This study was designed to assess the effects of 5 anesthetic drug combinations in ponies: (1) ketamine 2.75 mg/kg, xylazine 1.0 mg/kg (KX), (2) Telazol 1.65 mg/kg, xylazine 1.0 mg/kg (TX), (3) Telazol 2 mg/kg, detomidine 20 micrograms/kg (TD-20), (4) Telazol 2 mg/kg, detomidine 40 micrograms/kg (TD-40), (5) Telazol 3 mg/kg, detomidine 60 micrograms/kg (TD-60). All drugs were given iv with xylazine or detomidine preceding ketamine or Telazol by 5 min. Heart rate was decreased significantly from 5 min to arousal after TD-20 but only at 60 and 90 min after TD-40 and TD-60 respectively. Respiratory rate was decreased significantly for all ponies. Induction time did not differ between treatments. Duration of analgesia was 10 min for KX, 22.2 min for TX, 27.5 min for TD-20, 32.5 min for TD-40, and 70 min for TD-60. Arousal time was significantly longer with detomidine and Telazol. Smoothness of recovery was judged best in ponies receiving KX and TD-40. All ponies stood unassisted 30 min after signs of arousal.  相似文献   

3.
The cardiopulmonary effects of 3 dosages of doxapram hydrochloride (0.275 mg/kg, 0.55 mg/kg, and 1.1 mg/kg, IV) were studied in 6 adult horses. Doxapram given IV significantly (P less than 0.05) decreased PaCO2 and increased respiratory rate, cardiac output arterial blood pressures (systolic, mean, and diastolic) arterial pH, and PaO2 at 1 minute after each dose was administered. Heart rate and mean and diastolic pulmonary arterial blood pressure were significantly (P less than 0.05) increased 1 minute after the 2 larger dosages of doxapram were given (0.55 mg/kg and 1.1 mg/kg, IV), but not after the smallest dosage was given. All measurements, except heart rate and cardiac output, had returned to base line by 5 minutes after each dosing. Heart rate remained significantly (P less than 0.05) increased 10 minutes after the 0.55 mg/kg dosage was given and 30 minutes after the 1.1 mg/kg dosage. Cardiac output remained significantly (P less than 0.05) increased at 10 minutes, 5 minutes, and 30 minutes after the 0.275, 0.55, and 1.1 mg/kg dosages, respectively, were given.  相似文献   

4.
Daily doses of albendazole administered as a premix in the feed for 35 days were effective in preventing Fasciola hepatica infections in 17 sheep in three groups: 5 mg/kg/day (6 sheep) was 100% effective; 3 mg/kg/day (5 sheep) was 98% effective; and 1 mg/kg/day (6 sheep) was 42% effective. Infective cysts were given daily for 5 days during the first week of treatment, treatment was continued an additional 28 days, and sheep were necropsied 14 weeks after final cyst inoculation. There were no visible lesions in any livers of sheep given albendazole at the rate of 5 mg/kg/day or in three of five livers of sheep dosed at the rate of 3 mg/kg/day. Sheep treated with albendazole had a mean weight gain of 2.7 kg, 4.0 kg, and 4.0 kg greater than the controls for the dosages of 1, 3, and 5 mg/kg/day, respectively. Determination of bile duct damage by measurement of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity at 9 weeks after final cyst inoculation revealed increases of 3.0X, 1.0X, and 1.1X for the dosages of 1, 3, and 5 mg/kg/day, respectively, and 2.3X for the control, as compared with 7 weeks after final cyst inoculation.  相似文献   

5.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of ketamine, diazepam, and the combination of ketamine and diazepam on intraocular pressures (IOPs) in clinically normal dogs in which premedication was not administered. ANIMALS: 50 dogs. PROCEDURES: Dogs were randomly allocated to 1 of 5 groups. Dogs received ketamine alone (5 mg/kg [KET5] or 10 mg/kg [KET10], IV), ketamine (10 mg/kg) with diazepam (0.5 mg/kg, IV; KETVAL), diazepam alone (0.5 mg/kg, IV; VAL), or saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (0.1 mL/kg, IV; SAL). Intraocular pressures were measured immediately before and after injection and at 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes after injection. RESULTS: IOP was increased over baseline values immediately after injection and at 5 and 10 minutes in the KET5 group and immediately after injection in the KETVAL group. Compared with the SAL group, the mean change in IOP was greater immediately after injection and at 5 and 10 minutes in the KET5 group. The mean IOP increased to 5.7, 3.2, 3.1, 0.8, and 0.8 mm Hg over mean baseline values in the KET5, KET10, KETVAL, SAL, and VAL groups, respectively. All dogs in the KET5 and most dogs in the KETVAL and KET10 groups had an overall increase in IOP over baseline values. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Compared with baseline values and values obtained from dogs in the SAL group, ketamine administered at a dose of 5 mg/kg, IV, caused a significant and clinically important increase in IOP in dogs in which premedication was not administered. Ketamine should not be used in dogs with corneal trauma or glaucoma or in those undergoing intraocular surgery.  相似文献   

6.
Summary The anaesthetic effects of intravenous tiletamine-zolazepam 6.6 mg/kg-ketamine 6.6 mg/kg (TK) and tiletamine-zolazepam 6.6 mg/kg-ketamine 6.6 mg/kg-xylazine 0.11 mg/kg (TKX) were evaluated in six wethers. Heart rate, respiration rate, arterial blood pressure, and the electrocardiogram were monitored during anaesthesia. Analgesia was tested by electrical stimulation in the left flank. Atropine (0.03 mg/kg) was given intramuscularly before induction, but after recording of baseline heart rate and respiratory rate. The duration of analgesia was 28.7 ± 6.9 min with TK and 82.8 ± 26.6 min with TKX. Heart rate increased significantly within 5 min after TK or TKX administration. Respiratory rate remained unchanged after TK administration, but increased significantly from 5 to 45 min after TKX administration. Arterial blood pressure decreased significantly at 15 min with TK and 30 min with TKX. Sheep remained recumbent for 201 min with TK and 166 min with TKX. All recovered uneventfully. We conclude that either TK or TKX may be used for anaesthetising sheep.  相似文献   

7.
Procaine penicillin is a commonly used antibiotic in equine medicine but its use is associated with a substantial incidence of adverse reactions. Soluble procaine concentrations were determined by HPLC in several commercially available procaine penicillin preparations, including some that were involved in adverse reactions. The mean (+/- SEM) soluble procaine concentrations in the veterinary preparations was 20.18 +/- 5.07 mg/ml, which was higher than the concentration in the only procaine penicillin preparation for use in humans in Australia of 7.3 mg/ml. Heating the veterinary procaine penicillin preparations to 50 degrees C for 1 day led to a significant (P less than 0.01) increase in the amount of soluble procaine. Heating to 50 degrees C for 7 days also produced a significant (P less than 0.02) increase. Soluble procaine tended to return to baseline concentrations when veterinary procaine penicillin preparations were heated to 50 degrees C for 2 days then stored for 7 days at room temperature. Administration of procaine HCl intravenously (IV) at 2, 5, and 10 mg/kg produced behavioural, locomotor and vascular reactions, which were clinically similar to those reported in adverse reactions to procaine penicillin. The more severe reactions occurred at higher doses, although different horses responded variably at the same dose. Some adverse reactions lead to recumbency but none were fatal. The blood procaine concentrations 1 min after IV administration averaged 19.0 +/- 12.6 and 25.3 +/- 16 micrograms/ml at 2.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg, respectively. Ten min after administration, blood procaine concentrations were significantly higher (P less than 0.001) in the 5 mg/kg group than in the 2.5 mg/kg group. Intramuscular (IM) procaine HCl at 5 mg/kg produced significantly lower (P less than 0.001) blood concentrations than similar IV doses, and, in contrast to the IV doses, the amount of procaine in the blood was significantly higher 5 and 10 min after administration than it was after 1 min. Mild excitatory reactions in 4/5 horses were noted 5 to 10 min after IM administration. Administration of diazepam 20 s before procaine HCl prevented the excitatory adverse reaction in 2/2 horses, but administration after the procaine did not influence the outcome.  相似文献   

8.
To assess the oral activity of KP102 (also known GHRP-2) on growth hormone (GH) release in ruminant animals, 5 or 10 mg/kg body weight (BW) of KP102 dissolved in saline was orally administered twice at 2 hr-intervals to either 1- or 3-mo-old goats (n = 5-6). Plasma GH concentrations in the 1-mo-old goats were elevated at 15 min after the first administration of both 5 and 10 mg/kg BW of KP102. Significant elevation of GH concentrations continued until 180 min after 10 mg/kg BW of KP102, whereas the elevated GH levels after the administrations of 5 mg/kg BW of KP102 subsided to basal concentrations within 90 min. The second administration of 10 mg/kg BW of KP102 failed to elevate the GH concentration, but 5 mg/kg BW of KP102 abruptly stimulated GH release. Plasma GH concentrations in the 3-mo-old goats were also significantly elevated after the administration of both 5 and 10 mg/kg BW of KP102. The plasma GH responses to 5 and 10 mg/kg BW of KP102 were almost identical. The elevated GH levels after the first administration of KP102 tended to be maintained throughout the experiment, and a transient increase in plasma GH levels was observed after the second administration. However, the stimulatory effect of KP102 on GH release in the 3-mo-old goats was small and less abrupt than that in the 1-mo-old goats. The concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I were not increased by KP102 during the brief sampling periods used in this experiment. These results show that the oral administration of the peptidergic GH secretogogue KP102 stimulates GH release in a ruminant species, and that the oral activity of KP102 on GH release is modified by the age.  相似文献   

9.
Groups of six, six and eight miniature gilts, respectively, received 5, 10 or 15 mg/day of altrenogest for 18 days, and the numbers of corpora lutea and residual follicles were counted approximately 14 days after the treatment by an exploratory laparotomy. They were compared with the numbers in a control group of eight gilts which were examined six to eight days after oestrus. The interval between the last dose of altrenogest and the onset of oestrus increased with the dose of altrenogest, and was significantly longer after the treatments with 10 or 15 mg/day than after 5 mg/day (P < 0.01). Significantly more corpora lutea were observed in the gilts receiving 5 or 10 mg/day of altrenogest than in the control gilts (P < 0.1). Groups of six, seven and six miniature gilts that had respectively received 5, 10 or 15 mg/day of altrenogest were artificially inseminated; four, six and five of the gilts in these groups farrowed, and their mean (sd) litter sizes were 5.5 (2.4), 6.8 (1.2) and 5.0 (2.3), respectively. All six of a group of control gilts farrowed and their mean litter size was 5.8 (1.2).  相似文献   

10.
Oxymorphone was administered IV to dogs 4 times at 20-minute intervals (total dosage, 1 mg/kg of body weight, IV) on 2 separate occasions. Minute ventilation, mixed-expired carbon dioxide concentration, arterial and mixed-venous pH and blood gas tensions, arterial, central venous, pulmonary arterial, and pulmonary wedge pressures, and cardiac output were measured. Physiologic dead space, base deficit, oxygen transport, and vascular resistance were calculated before and at 5 minutes after the first dose of oxymorphone (0.4 mg/kg) and at 15 minutes after the first and the 3 subsequent doses of oxymorphone (0.2 mg/kg). During 1 of the 2 experiments in each dog, naloxone was administered 20 minutes after the last dose of oxymorphone; during the alternate experiment, naloxone was not administered. In 5 dogs, naloxone was administered IV in titrated dosages (0.005 mg/kg) at 1-minute intervals until the dogs were able to maintain sternal recumbency, and in the other 5 dogs, naloxone was administered IM as a single dose (0.04 mg/kg). Naloxone (0.01 mg/kg, IV or 0.04 mg/kg, IM) transiently reversed most of the effects of oxymorphone. Within 20 to 40 minutes after IV naloxone administration and within 40 to 70 minutes after IM naloxone administration, most variables returned to the approximate values measured before naloxone administration. The effects of oxymorphone outlasted the effects of naloxone; cardiovascular and pulmonary depression and sedation recurred in all dogs. Four hours and 20 minutes after the last dose of oxymorphone, alertness, responsiveness, and coordination improved in all dogs after IM administration of naloxone. Cardiac arrhythmia, hypertension, or excitement was not observed after naloxone administration.  相似文献   

11.
以野生天蓝苜蓿种子发育5～7d无菌苗的子叶、下胚轴和种子苗叶片为外植体,对其愈伤组织诱导及其分化的基本培养与外源激素组合和浓度配比进行试验。结果表明:对子叶、下胚轴和叶片愈伤组织诱导最适宜的基础培养基分别是MS、B5和SH;激素的种类及其浓度配比对于愈伤组织的诱导因不同的外植体有很大的差异。其中,子叶、下胚轴以MS+NAA(0.5～1.0 mg/L)+6-BA(0.7mg/L)效果较好,叶片以SH+NAA(0.5～1.0mg/L)+2,4-D(1.5～5 mg/L)+6-BA(0.7mg/L)较好,少量下胚轴在MS+NAA(0.5mg/L)+6-BA(0.7mg/L)和MS+NAA(0.5mg/L)+KT(0.5 mg/L)的培养基中直接分化出胚状体,并成功发育成植株。在培养基Whb5上,子叶、下胚轴和叶片的分化都得到了很好的效果,分化率分别为43%、57%、40%,15～30d后都能再生植株。  相似文献   

12.
Ticlopidine hydrochloride was evaluated for its effectiveness in inhibiting platelet aggregation and serotonin release in 5 laboratory Beagles before and after heartworm implantation with 7 adult Dirofilaria immitis, and after embolization with 7 dead heartworms to mimic what happens after heartworm adulticide treatment. Five other laboratory Beagles, similarly implanted and embolized with heartworms, were used as nonmedicated controls. During the heartworm-negative stage, the dosage of ticlopidine that inhibited adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation in 5 dogs by at least 50% after 5 days of treatment was 62 mg/kg of body weight once a day. In the same dogs implanted with 7 adult heartworms 21 days previously, mean (+/- SD) ticlopidine dosage required to obtain similar results was 71 (+/- 13) mg/kg given once daily. During the 21 days after dead heartworms were implanted in heartworm-infected dogs, mean ticlopidine dosage was 108 (+/- 35) mg/kg (range, 62 to 150 mg/kg). Ticlopidine treatment was associated with increased platelet numbers in all 5 dogs during the heartworm-negative stage and in 4 of 5 dogs during the heartworm implantation and heartworm embolization stages. Mean platelet volume tended to decrease as platelet numbers increased. At necropsy, gross and histologic pulmonary lesions were less severe in ticlopidine-treated dogs than in nonmedicated control dogs.  相似文献   

13.
Norfloxacin, a 4-quinolone antibiotic, was administered orally to 4 healthy dogs at dosages of 11 and 22 mg/kg of body weight, every 12 hours for 4 days, with a 4-week interval between dosing regimens. Serum and tissue cage fluid (TCF) norfloxacin concentrations were measured at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, and 12 hours after the first and seventh dose of each dosing regimen. When administered at a dosage of 11 mg/kg, the mean peak serum concentration (Cmax) was 1.0 microgram/ml at 1 hour, the time of mean peak concentration (Tmax) after the first dose. After the seventh dose, the Cmax was 1.4 micrograms/ml at Tmax of 1.5 hours. The Tmax for the TCF concentration was 5 hours, with Cmax of 0.3 microgram/ml and 0.7 microgram/ml after the first and seventh dose, respectively. When administered at a dosage of 22 mg/kg, the serum Tmax was 2 hours after the first dose, with Cmax of 2.8 micrograms/ml. After the seventh dose, the serum Tmax was 1.5 hours, with Cmax of 2.8 micrograms/ml. The Tmax for the TCF concentration was 5 hours after the first and seventh doses, with Cmax of 1.2 micrograms/ml and 1.6 micrograms/ml, respectively. After the seventh dose, the serum elimination half-life was 6.3 hours for a dosage of 11 mg/kg and was 6.7 hours for a dosage of 22 mg/kg. For serum concentration, the area under the curve from 0 to 12 hours (AUC0----12) was 8.77 micrograms.h/ml and 18.27 micrograms.h/ml for dosages of 11 mg/kg and 22 mg/kg, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

14.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of pentoxifylline (PTX) and its 5-hydroxyhexyl-metabolite, metabolite 1 (M1), in dogs after IV administration of a single dose and oral administration of multiple doses. ANIMALS: 7 sexually intact, female, mixed-breed dogs. PROCEDURE: A crossover study design was used so that each of the dogs received all treatments in random order. A drug-free period of 5 days was allowed between treatments. Treatments included IV administration of a single dose of PTX (15 mg/kg of body weight), oral administration of PTX with food at a dosage of 15 mg/kg (q 8 h) for 5 days, and oral administration of PTX without food at a dosage of 15 mg/kg (q 8 h) for 5 days. Blood samples were taken at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 hours after the first and last dose of PTX was administered PO, and at 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 minutes after PTX was administered IV. RESULTS: PTX was rapidly absorbed and eliminated after oral administration. Mean bioavailability after oral administration ranged from 15 to 32% among treatment groups and was not affected by the presence of food. Higher plasma PTX concentrations and apparent bioavailability were observed after oral administration of the first dose, compared with the last dose during the 5-day treatment regimens. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In dogs, oral administration of 15 mg of PTX/kg results in plasma concentrations similar to those produced by therapeutic doses in humans, and a three-times-a-day dosing regimen is the most appropriate.  相似文献   

15.
Diminazene diaceturate (Berenil, Hoechst) at 12 mg/kg intramuscularly (i/m) and repeated after 24 hours controlled the rising parasitaemia of Babesia equi infection in four out of five splenectomised donkeys. The drug was more effective in the early stages of the disease and had a prophylactic effect for at least 30–35 days.A new babesicide, imidocarb (Imizol, Burroughs Wellcome), was 100% effective in three splenectomised donkeys at 5 mg/kg, i/m and repeated after 48 hours. However, imidocarb at 5 or 2 mg/kg i/m with a single injection was only partially effective or ineffective.  相似文献   

16.
One hundred eighteen dogs were studied at three veterinary teaching hospitals after the administration of midazolam (0.1 mg/kg, intravenously [IV]) or a placebo. Midazolam and placebo treatments were randomized and blinded to the investigators. The dose of thiamylal required for tracheal intubation 3 to 5 minutes after midazolam or placebo was calculated. The dose of thiamylal at the three hospitals was 10.6,9.8, and 10.1 mg/kg IV after midazolam, and 12.1,11.2, and 11.6 mg/kg IV after placebo. Pooled data from the three hospitals yielded a significant (p < .001) decrease in mean IV thiamylal dose after midazolam (10.2 mg/kg) compared with placebo (11.6 mg/kg). Overall, there was a 12% decrease in the dose of thiamylal required for tracheal intubation after midazolam compared to that after the placebo. The thiamylal dose was significantly (p < .001) decreased after midazolam compared with placebo for dogs weighing more than 15 kg but not for dogs weighing less than 15 kg.  相似文献   

17.
The effects of single IV administered doses of dexamethasone on response to the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test (baseline plasma ACTH, pre-ACTH cortisol, and post-ACTH cortisol concentrations) performed 1, 2, and 3 days (experiment 1) or 3, 7, 10, and 14 days (experiment 2) after dexamethasone treatment were evaluated in healthy Beagles. In experiment 1, ACTH stimulation tests were carried out after administration of 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 5 mg of dexamethasone/kg of body weight. Dosages greater than or equal to 0.1 mg of dexamethasone/kg decreased pre-ACTH plasma cortisol concentration on subsequent days, whereas dosages greater than or equal to 1 mg/kg also decreased plasma ACTH concentration. Treatment with 1 or 5 mg of dexamethasone/kg suppressed (P less than 0.05) post-ACTH plasma cortisol concentration (on day 3 after 1 mg of dexamethasone/kg; on days 1, 2, and 3 after 5 mg of dexamethasone/kg). In experiment 2, IV administration of 1 mg of dexamethasone/kg was associated only with low (P less than 0.05) post-ACTH plasma cortisol concentration in dogs on day 3. In experiment 2, pre-ACTH plasma cortisol and ACTH concentrations in dogs on days 3, 7, 10, and 14 and post-ACTH plasma cortisol concentration on days 7, 10, and 14 were not affected by dexamethasone administration. The results suggest that, in dogs, a single IV administered dosage of greater than or equal to 0.1 mg of dexamethasone/kg can alter the results of the ACTH stimulation test for at least 3 days. The suppressive effect of dexamethasone is dose dependent and is not apparent 7 days after treatment with 1 mg of dexamethasone/kg.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

18.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of cyclosporine (2 or 5 mg/kg every 24 hours) on perianal fistulae (PAF) lesions. STUDY DESIGN: Blinded randomized, prospective trial. ANIMALS: Dogs (n = 20) with perianal fistulae. METHODS: Dogs were randomly assigned to administration of either 2 mg/kg (n = 10) or 5 mg/kg (n=10) of cyclosporine orally every 24 hours for 8 weeks. Lesion surface area was measured, lesion severity was graded using a visual analog scale, and the presence and severity of clinical signs recorded every 2 weeks. RESULTS: Lesion variables were significantly reduced in both groups after 8 weeks and owners also reported a reduction in clinical sign severity. The 5 mg/kg dose rate significantly accelerated lesion resolution compared with 2 mg/kg. In the 2 mg/kg group, 20% of dogs had complete resolution of clinical signs and 10% had resolution of lesions. In the 5 mg/kg group, 40% of dogs had complete resolution of clinical signs and 60% had resolution of lesions. CONCLUSIONS: A dose rate of 5 mg/kg every 24 hours was more effective at reducing the surface area and severity of PAF lesions than 2 mg/kg every 24 hours but less effective at resolving PAF lesions than previous studies using dose rates > or =5 mg/kg every 12 hours. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Cyclosporine at 5 mg/kg every 24 hours may be useful for the palliation of PAF lesions.  相似文献   

19.
盐酸沙拉沙星胶囊对家蚕细菌性败血病的防治研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  
盐酸沙拉沙星胶囊是以兽用喹诺酮类药物盐酸沙拉沙星为主要成分制成的蚕用抗菌药剂。盐酸沙拉沙星胶囊对家蚕细菌性败血病的防治效果试验表明,用100mg/L盐酸沙拉沙星药液给感染卒倒芽孢杆菌的4龄起蚕连续添食3d(第1天添食24h,第2、3天每天添食6h),对家蚕败血病的防治效果与用500mg/L盐酸诺氟沙星药液、125mg/L盐酸环丙沙星药液添食的防治效果无明显差异(P0.05);用400mg/L盐酸沙拉沙星药液给感染灵菌的4龄起蚕连续添食3d(添食方法同上),对家蚕败血病的防治效果明显优于用500mg/L盐酸诺氟沙星药液、250mg/L盐酸环丙沙星药液添食的防治效果(P0.05),与用500mg/L盐酸环丙沙星药液添食的防治效果无明显差异(P0.05)。盐酸沙拉沙星对卒倒芽孢杆菌、灵菌的最低抑菌浓度分别为1.25、5μg/mL,最低杀菌浓度分别为5、10μg/mL。分别给4龄、5龄家蚕添食400、800、1200、2000mg/L的盐酸沙拉沙星药液,对家蚕的生长发育、茧质和丝质均未见明显不良影响(t检验,P0.05),且不存在明显的剂量-反应关系。分别给5龄第4天家蚕添食剂量为5、10、20mg/kg的盐酸沙拉沙星后,药物在蚕体内吸收良好,血药浓度-时间曲线符合一级吸收的一室开放式模型。研究结果显示,盐酸沙拉沙星胶囊对卒倒芽孢杆菌或灵菌感染引发的家蚕细菌性败血病具有明显的防治效果,并且对家蚕安全无害。  相似文献   

20.
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