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通过深入分析深圳出入境检验检疫局动检实验宣对禽流感开展的病原学检测方法和血清学检测方法,系统总结了目前动物检疫实验室禽流感检测与监测过程中常用的方法。在病原学检测方面,比较了鸡胚病毒分离鉴定方法、实时荧光PCR检测方法和乳胶凝集试验检测方法的优劣,提出了适合本实验室的病毒快速鉴定方法。鉴于生物安全的要求,对禽流感病毒检测采用施实时荧光RT-PCR,同时不断开展新的检测方法。在血清学检测方面,全面总结了在常规的HA和HI检测中的注意事项,并对近年来深圳出入境检验检疫局的血清学检测数据进行了分析。 相似文献
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为探讨适合基层大面积检测畜产品中盐酸克伦特罗残留的方法,对LC/MS、GC/MS、HPLC、CE、ELISA和GICA等6种检测盐酸克伦特罗的主要方法进行了优缺点比较,对ELISA和GICA实验原理、实验室操作步骤、样品处理方法、特点等进行了综合分析后得出结论:用GICA现场初筛,对GICA检测结果为阳性的样品在当地实验室用ELISA再次进行定性检测,ELISA检测仍为阳性的样品送有资质的检测单位进行确证。这一整套联合检测方法,充分利用了各种检测方法的优点,节约了大量的人力、物力、财力,适用于基层开展畜产品中盐酸克伦特罗残留的大面积筛查。 相似文献
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禽流感病毒实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法的建立 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为满足禽流感病毒高通量快速检测的需要,建立了一种能够检测各亚型禽流感病毒的实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法,并对该方法的特异性和灵敏度进行评估,使用该方法与农业行业标准NY/T772—2013中的禽流感病毒RT-PCR方法同时进行临床样品检测。结果显示,该方法检测耗时短、特异性好,检测下限达10-4 ng/μL,与传统的RT-PCR方法阳性符合率为100%。结果表明,本方法能实现对禽流感病毒的安全、特异、快速、灵敏、简单、高通量检测,从而弥补了现有传统检测技术的不足。 相似文献
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根据传染性造血器官坏死病毒(IHNV)基因序列,设计了IHNV最为保守的指纹序列,以及测序引物,建立了IHNV焦磷酸测序检测方法。对所构建的IHNV焦磷酸检测方法进行特异性试验和灵敏度检测。结果表明,所建立的方法特异性好,在8种鱼类病毒中能够特异性检测出目的病毒,检测方法灵敏度高,最低检出核酸量为10pg/μL。对建立的焦磷酸测序检测方法进行了实际应用研究,选取国内采集与进口的鱼类样本共计80批次进行IHNV检测。结果显示,焦磷酸测序检测方法可以有效的检出常规RTPCR不能检出的假阴性样本和弱阳性样本,该方法的灵敏度和特异性可以满足水生动物疫病检测的需要。 相似文献
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为鉴别检测犬腺病毒（CAV）I型和II型,根据GenBank中CAV-I和CAV-II型参考基因序列,设计合成1对通用引物和2条鉴别探针,建立了可鉴别检测CAV-I型和CAV-II型的双重荧光定量PCR检测方法。同时,对该方法进行了优化,并对该方法的特异性、敏感性和重复性进行了试验,并与普通PCR检测方法进行样品检测符合率分析。特异性试验结果显示;本研究建立方法对犬瘟热病毒、犬副流感病毒、犬冠状病毒均未产生扩增曲线。敏感性试验结果显示,建立方法对CAV-I的检测敏感度为100 copies/μL,对CAV-II的检测敏感度为10 copies/μL。重复性试验结果显示,组内和组间变异系数均小于5%。临床样品检测对比结果显示,建立方法与普通PCR方法的符合率为95.12%。结果表明,本研究建立的TaqMan双重荧光定量PCR方法具有特异性好、灵敏度高、重复性好等优点,可用于临床鉴别检测CAV-I和CAV-II型。本研究为CAV-I和CAV-II型感染的检测、鉴别以及流行病学调查提供了便捷快速的方法。 相似文献
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为满足新城疫病毒高通量快速检测的需要,针对新城疫病毒M基因序列,通过基因比对分析保守区域,经同源性分析后,设计合成多条引物和探针并对其筛选,建立了一种能够快速检测新城疫病毒的实时荧光RTPCR检测方法,并对该方法的特异性、灵敏性进行了评估。结果显示,该方法检测耗时短、特异性好,检测下限达10~(-4) ng/μL。利用该方法,对480份临床采集的各类家禽咽拭子样品进行检测,共检测出25份阳性,与常规RT-PCR检测方法结果一致,κ值为1(P 0.001)。结果表明,该方法快速、准确,可用于新城疫病毒的快速检测。 相似文献
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为建立检测副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus,VP)的快速检测方法,本研究以VP toxR基因为靶基因设计合成引物及TaqMan探针,建立了实时荧光定量PCR快速检测VP的方法。结果显示,对15株试验菌株进行实时荧光定量PCR检测,只有VP检测为阳性,表明该检测方法特异性强;该方法的灵敏度为4.9 CFU/mL,利用该检测方法对采集的150份样品进行检测,共计检出3份VP阳性样品,与国标法(GB 4789.7-2013)检测结果一致,显示了良好的实用性。该检测方法灵敏度高、特异性强,具有良好的实用性。 相似文献
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利用制备的抗三聚氰胺单克隆抗体建立了间接竞争ELISA方法,采用棋盘滴定法确定最佳三聚氰胺-OVA包被浓度为1.0μg/mL,单抗最佳稀释度为1∶1 000,最佳的封闭液为50g/L的脱脂乳,标准曲线的线性方程为y=-15.12x+107.3(R2=0.997)。批内变异系数(CV)为1.07%～5.53%,批间CV值为3.33%～11.92%,确定此方法精确度良好。利用建立的间接竞争ELISA方法,测定添加有三聚氰胺标准溶液的样品(宠物食品、小麦面筋、饲料、牛乳、鸡蛋),得到三聚氰胺在各样品中的回收率范围分别为宠物食品73.8%～84.32%,小麦面筋67.3%～88.27%,饲料70.3%～85.9%,牛乳83.47%～89.76%,鸡蛋76.2%～87.29%。确定可以利用此间接竞争ELISA方法检测样品中的三聚氰胺含量。 相似文献
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Mycotoxin-producing fungi may contaminate agricultural products in the field (preharvest spoilage), during storage (postharvest spoilage), or during processing. Mycotoxin contamination of foods and feeds poses serious health hazard to animals and humans. For lowering mycotoxin contamination of feeds and foods, several strategies have been investigated that can be divided into biological, chemical and physical methods. This paper gives an overview of strategies which are promising with regard to lowering the mycotoxin burden of animals and humans. 相似文献
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A M Durand W H Giesecke M L Barnard M L van der Walt H C Steyn 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》1990,57(3):175-181
The prevalence of Salmonella in southern Africa in farm feeds and by-products of animal origin during 1982-1988 was determined. Salmonella occurred in 5.18% of the farm feed samples and in 9.54% of the by-product samples. Different serovars were isolated, some only once. The findings underestimate the true prevalence of Salmonella in farm feeds and by-products, and is representative of only the most severely contaminated products. The epidemiology of salmonellosis is discussed with special reference to the importance of multiple resistance to antibiotics, the increase in the number of cases of salmonellosis worldwide and "Salmonella free" feeds and foods. More detailed research on the role of farm feeds in the epidemiology of salmonellosis is required. Efforts should be made to increase awareness of the problem, to improve quality management at farm feed production plants and to develop efficient systems to monitor the hygienic safety of feeds and foods. 相似文献
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Maciorowski KG Herrera P Jones FT Pillai SD Ricke SC 《Veterinary research communications》2006,30(2):127-137
Food-borne salmonellosis continues to be a major public health concern, and contamination with Salmonella spp. in pre-harvest animal production is considered a primary contributor to this problem. Animal feeds can easily become
contaminated during primary production, feed mixing and processing as well as during feeding. Consequently, monitoring and
surveillance of feeds and feed ingredients for Salmonella spp. contamination may be useful or necessary in the prevention and control of this organism. Cultural and immunological
detection methods for salmonellae have been used or suggested as possible approaches for use in animal feeds. Cultural methods
remain advantageous owing to their ability to detect viable bacterial cells, while immunological methods have the capability
of detecting nonculturable bacterial cells. Advancements and improvements in both methodologies offer opportunities for eventual
routine use of these detection technologies in animal feed assays. 相似文献
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C D Van Houweling W B Bixler J R McDowell 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1977,171(11):1153-1156
Chemical contamination of animal feeds and feed ingredients is of concern to the Food and Drug Administration. Contamination by industrial chemicals such as polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated biphenyls; heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, and mercury; and pesticides such as dieldrin and chlordane exemplify the problem in feeds and the resulting problem of tissue residues in human foods. 相似文献
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饲料中转基因植物成分的检测 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了确保动物产品对人体健康不造成危害,有必要对饲料中是否含有转基因成分进行检测。本文主要综述了可用于饲料中的转基因作物、检测饲料中转基因成分常用的方法以及这些方法在实际中的应用。 相似文献
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This study determined whether early experiences by sheep with monotonous or diverse diets influence intake of unfamiliar flavors and feeds later in life. Thirty 2-mo-old lambs were randomly assigned to 3 treatment diets (n = 10): diverse (DIV), diverse with plant toxins (DIV+T), and monotonous (MON). Lambs in DIV received in 9 successive periods of exposure 4-way choice combinations of 2 foods high in energy and 2 foods high in protein from an array of 6 foods: 3 high in energy [beet pulp, oat grain, and a mix of milo:grape pomace (60:40)] and 3 high in digestible protein (DP) (soybean meal, alfalfa, corn gluten meal). Lambs in DIV+T received the same exposure as DIV, but 2 plant toxins, oxalic acid (1.5%) and quebracho tannins (10%), were randomly added to 2 of the feeds in each of the choice combinations. Lambs in MON received a monotonous balanced diet, made with a mixture of all 6 feeds detailed before. All treatments received their feed in 4 separate buckets. During exposure, treatments did not differ in total daily DMI (P = 0.31), but daily intake of ME was less (P < 0.02) and daily intake of DP was greater (P < 0.03) for lambs in DIV and DIV+T than for lambs in MON. Treatments did not differ in ADG or G:F (P > 0.05). After exposure, lambs were offered a familiar feed (wheat bran) containing novel flavors (maple, garlic, or bitter) and 2-way choices of novel feeds (fescue hay vs. corn distillers grains, rice vs. calf manna, and green peas vs. rolled oats). Intake of maple-flavored wheat bran tended (P = 0.08) to be greater for lambs in DIV than for lambs in DIV+T and MON. Intake of bitter-flavored and garlic-flavored wheat bran were greater (P = 0.03 and P = 0.04, respectively) for lambs in DIV and DIV+T than for lambs in MON. During 2-way choice trials, lambs in DIV, but not in DIV+T, showed greater intakes of fescue hay (P = 0.05) and rice (P = 0.04) than lambs in MON. Intake of green peas was greater (P = 0.03) for lambs in DIV and DIV+T than for lambs in MON. At the end of testing, lambs in DIV but not in DIV+T showed greater ADG than lambs in MON (P = 0.05). Thus, early exposure to diverse foods enhanced acceptance of novel flavors relative to early exposure to a monotonous ration. Early experience with diverse feeds plus plant toxins led to a less diverse diet than early experience with diverse feeds. Early exposure to diverse feeds may be beneficial in production systems that require rapid acceptance and high intake of unfamiliar feeds. 相似文献
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NI Teng-teng PENG Da-peng XIE Shu-yu CHEN Dong-mei WANG Yu-lian PAN Yuan-hu TAO Yan-fei YUAN Zong-hui 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(9):2344-2351
Currently,avermectins are the most widespread anti-parasite drugs,and it is urgent to develop the simple,faste,high sensitive high-throughput and low cost methods for residues rapid detection because of its residual in animal body for a long time.In order to provide certain reference for the choice and application of current multi-residues detection method,the rapid detection technology of avermectins in feeds and animal products were reviewed in this paper,such as biochip,fluorescent immunoassay,immune affinity chromatography and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.At the same time,this paper described the prospects of the development in residues detection methods. 相似文献