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华安县地处闽南漳州市西北部，种茶历史悠久，是漳州的主茶区之一。茶叶产业已成为当地农民脱贫致富的主要产业。随着茶叶生产的发展，茶苗根结线虫病在我县育苗地有危害加重和蔓延的趋势。据在仙都镇茶育苗圃调查，主要病源一般株发病率10．3％～18．8％，个别田块高达49％，受害茶苗死亡率达85％，严重威胁着我县茶产业的发展。主要病源是南方根结线虫（Meloidogyne incognita Chitwood）. 相似文献
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在福建省发现豆科新品种多年生藤本豆（Lablab sp.）发生严重的根结线虫病,根部可产生巨大根结,根结内组织内可埋生数以百计的雌虫,卵囊产于根结内。通过形态特征及rDNA-ITS区序列扩增比对,藤本豆根结线虫鉴定为南方根结线虫（Meloidogyne incognita）。多年生藤本豆受根结线虫为害为首次记述, 也是南方根结线虫新寄主。接种实验结果表明,2龄幼虫主要侵染藤本豆根尖,也可侵染根其他部位,雌虫与卵囊埋生于根结内,卵可直接孵化并在根内直接侵染发育,根结大小发展快,根结坚硬,表面组织不易腐解,雄虫只能在后期根结腐败组织处发现。在环境温度（24~36 ℃）,生活史最短为24 d。田间重要杂草空心莲子草（Alternanthera philoxeroides）根结线虫病发生普遍,形态特征鉴定为南方根结线虫,田间调查及交叉接种实验表明其可能为田间藤本豆根结线虫病的主要侵染来源。 相似文献
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海南岛香蕉根结线虫病原的鉴定与防治 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对从海南岛各香蕉产区采集的香蕉根结线虫样本进行鉴定及防治试验,结果表明:均为南方根结线虫[Meloidogyne incognita(Koforid and White,1919)Chitwood,1949]。在巴西、泰蕉、8818、龙选、红蕉和粉蕉6个香蕉品种中,巴西品种最感病,粉蕉最抗病。质量分数3%米乐尔(0.5g/株)、质量分数1.8%爱福丁(1.25×10-2mL/株)防治香蕉根结线虫效果在90%以上,可有效地防治控制香蕉苗期根结线虫的危害。 相似文献
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水稻根结线虫病的病原鉴定及其侵染源的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在福建省政和县稻田发现大面积的严重水稻根结线虫病,沟渠内禾本科杂草油芒(Eccoilopus sp.)也遭受根结线虫（Meloidogyne sp.）的严重侵染。这两种寄主的根结线虫形态特征与拟禾本科根结线虫(Meloidogyne graminicola,Golden and Birchfield,1965)原始描述相符;对根结线虫的rDNA ITS区、28S rDNA D2/D3区进行了扩增、克隆与测序,其序列与GenBank中拟禾本科根结线虫的相似性达99%以上,据此将水稻和油芒上的根结线虫鉴定为拟禾本科根结线虫。通过交叉接种试验和田间调查,证实油芒是水稻根结线虫的重要寄主,为田间水稻根结线虫病的重要侵染源。 相似文献
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红麻是一种重要纤维作物,随着红麻造纸工业的开发,它在我国国民经济中的地位将不断提高。目前生产上存在的一个主要障碍是病虫害,尤其是土传病害对其产量和品质的影响。据研究报道,我国红麻产区主要土传病害有由南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)1号和2号小种,爪哇根结线虫(M.javanica)和花生根结线虫(M.arenaria)2号小种诱致的根结线虫病,立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia 相似文献
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本研究鉴定出在中国大豆上又一类重要病原线虫——根结线虫。黄淮海豆区为其主要发生危害地带,并且,其主要病原种和小种为南方根结线虫寄主小种1号和花生根结线虫寄主小种2号。经用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜形态学观察,测量及鉴别寄主试验鉴定,结果表明其区系分布大体为:在开封为南方根结线虫[Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White,1919) Chitwood,1949]寄主小种1号和花生根结线虫[M.arenaria (Neal,1889) Chitwood,1949]寄主小种2号;在宁陵为花生根结线虫寄主小种2号;在崂山为南方根结线虫寄主小种1号,在栖霞为北方根结线虫(M.hapla Chitwood,1949),其中南方根结线虫的开封群体和崂山群体雌虫会阴花纹和排孔位置略有不同,但仍属于其种内群体及个体之间的差异。 相似文献
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在湖南、湖北、广东、广西、浙江和河南等省(区)主产区调查和鉴定,红麻根结线虫病病原线虫有南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)1号和2号小种,爪哇根结线虫(M.javanica)和花生根结线虫(M.arenaria)2号小种。南方根结线虫为优势种,其在湖南沅江麻田一年可完成四代。它们都不为害棉花、小麦、花生、芝麻、苎麻、高粱和玉米。幼虫主要分布在0～40厘米土层内。0～10厘米土层内幼虫数的波动在红麻生长季节有4个高峰,收获后还出现一个高峰。病原线虫以幼虫和卵主要在病残中越冬,清除病残可压低初次侵染。实行轮作可减轻病害和增产。重病田用D—D混剂,涕灭威或棉虫灵处理土壤效果良好。文中对抗线虫育种工作作了讨论。 相似文献
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为了明确南方根结线虫对不同南瓜砧木嫁接冬瓜苗生长发育的影响,以期为冬瓜生产筛选抗根结线虫砧木品种,促进产业可持续发展。本文采用人工接种南方根结线虫,研究比较了‘海砧1号’、‘海砧2号’和‘银龙黄籽’3种南瓜砧木的冬瓜嫁接苗及冬瓜自根苗的抗性水平及植株生物量的差异。结果表明：不同南瓜砧木冬瓜嫁接苗和自根苗的病情指数、根结指数、卵粒指数和繁殖指数均随着生育期延长而不断升高,抗性水平发生不同程度变化;以‘海砧2号’为砧木的嫁接苗在全生育期均表现为抗病,以‘海砧1号’和‘银龙黄籽’为砧木的嫁接苗表现为高感,‘清远黑皮冬瓜’自根苗表现为感病。在茎叶鲜重和单果鲜重方面,生长中后期以‘海砧2号’为砧木的嫁接苗显著高于以‘海砧1号’和‘银龙黄籽’为砧木的嫁接苗以及‘清远黑皮冬瓜’自根苗,但与未接种的‘清远黑皮冬瓜’自根苗无显著差异。研究结果证实,南方根结线虫明显抑制了感病砧木冬瓜嫁接苗的生长和产量,对抗病砧木嫁接苗无明显影响。 相似文献
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Among 19 bacterial strains isolated in Yunnan from rhizosphere soils and plant tissues, Bacillus methylotrophicus strain R2-2 and Lysobacter antibioticus strain 13-6 exhibited the highest antagonistic activity against the tomato root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in plate and greenhouse pot experiments. The two strains, when applied as soil drenches or seed treatments in greenhouse experiments, reduced root-knot severity and incidence on tomato compared to no-bacteria controls. In tomato field trials conducted in separate years, soil drench treatment with either strain reduced root-knot disease levels and increased yields compared to the control. Levels of disease control and yield enhancement provided by the strains were higher than those using the chemicals abamectin and carbofuran. This is the first report of B. methylotrophicus being used as a biocontrol agent against a plant parasitic nematode and the first demonstration that B. methylotrophicus and L. antibioticus can suppress disease caused by root-knot nematodes in the field. 相似文献
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以出口盆栽榕树种植示范基地为观测点,剖析检测根结线虫病的病原种类、为害症状、发病规律和传播控制,选择测定阿维菌素、毒死蜱、益舒宝和克百威对基质和根系根结线虫的防控效果,评价根结线虫对这4种药剂的敏感性。结果表明:对出口盆栽榕树造成为害的主要是南方根结线虫。阿维菌素原浆、毒死蜱乳油对盆栽榕树基质和根系根结线虫的防控效果均较理想,极显著优于两颗粒剂益舒宝和克百威。基质根结线虫对阿维菌素和毒死蜱敏感,LD50分别为0.215 4 mg/L和0.215 5 mg/L,无明显差异。根系根结线虫对阿维菌素的LD50为8.64 80 mg/L,是毒死蜱的3.10倍;克百威的LD50为2.127 9 g/盆,是益舒宝的1.35倍;各处理抗性个体出现频率会有不同,要尽可能轮换或交替使用。 相似文献
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利用EST结合RACE方法从象耳豆根结线虫(Meloidogyne enterolobii)中克隆一个新的果胶酸裂解酶基因Me-pel2(Gen Bank登录号KP987180)。Me-pel2 c DNA开放阅读框全长834 bp,推导编码277个氨基酸残基的蛋白,属于多糖裂解酶第III家族新成员。Me-PEL2与南方根结线虫果胶酸裂解酶Mi-PEL3氨基酸具有较高的一致性,为54%。发育表达结果显示,Me-pel2在2龄幼虫和雄虫期高丰度表达,而在固着期寄生阶段转录水平急剧下降,推测Me-pel2主要在象耳豆根结线虫迁移性阶段起重要作用,通过降解寄主细胞壁果胶质成分,协助幼虫侵入寄主以及在寄主体内迁移。 相似文献
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为寻找抗线虫和香蕉枯萎病菌的天然产物。从链霉菌211726的发酵液中分离纯化出阿扎霉素F5a，以南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)为供试线虫，采用击倒实验，测定阿扎霉素F5a高(1.0%)、中(0.1%)、低(0.01%)3个浓度的抗线虫活性；同时以尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense)为供试菌株，采用牛津杯琼脂平板法，对阿扎霉素F5a的抗香蕉枯萎病活性进行研究。结果表明：1.0%的阿扎霉素F5a溶液在24 h内对供试线虫2龄幼虫的平均校正 相似文献
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R. J. McLaughlin L. Sequeira D. P. Weingartner 《American Journal of Potato Research》1990,67(2):93-107
Field tests for biological control of bacterial wilt of potatoes, caused byPseudomonas solanacearum, were conducted in Florida in 1984 and 1985. Potato seedpieces of tolerant (Ontario) and susceptible (Pungo and/or Atlantic) cultivars were immersed in a suspension of the avirulent, non-bacteriocinogenic strain ofP. solanacearum, B82, prior to planting in naturally-infested soil. Relatively low populations ofP solanacearum (2 to 4 log cfu/g soil) and root-knot nematodes (0 to 33 larvae ofMeloidogyne incognita/100 cm3 soil) were present in the soil before planting. In 1984, there was approximately a 50% reduction in incidence of bacterial wilt and brown rot in B82-treated plants of cultivar Atlantic, as compared with controls. With cultivar Ontario, on the other hand, disease incidence was very low and differences between treatments were not significant. In 1985, the incidence of bacterial wilt was low in all plots. Treatment with strain B82 reduced incidence of tuber brown rot in all cultivars, but differences between treatments were not significant at P = 0.05. There was a significant correlation, however, between incidence of wilt and root-knot nematode populations in the soil. Therefore, the possibility that control of bacterial wilt in 1984 was indirect,i e, via an effect of B82 treatment on root infection byM incognita, was examined. Greenhouse tests were conducted to determine the potential effect of seedpiece treatment with strain B82 on nematode infection of cultivars Atlantic and Ontario. In two out of three trials, the B82 treatment significantly reduced incidence of root knot. These results suggest that interactions of the biocontrol agent with root-knot nematodes may determine the effectiveness of a treatment designed for bacterial wilt control in the field. 相似文献