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1.
The allelic frequency, the polymorphic information contents （PIC）, the number of effective alleles, the heterozygosity, and the genetic distances were studied in three imported meat sheep （Suffolk, Dorset, Texel） and their F1 crossbred obtained from those crossed with indigenous Small Tail Hun Sheep （Suffolk♂× Small Tail Hun Sheep, SH; Dorset ♂× Small Tail Han Sheep♂, DH; Texel♂× Small Tail Hart Sheep ♀, TH） using six microsatellite DNA loci. The perpormences of three-breed crossbred （Suffolk ♂× DH ♀, Suffolk ♂× TH ♀, Texel ♂× SH ♀, Texel ♂× DH ♀, Dorset ♂× TH ♀, and Dorset ♂× SH ♀ ） were tested. The results indicated that there were genetic polymorphisms at six microsatellite loci in six sheep populations. Six microsatellite loci could be used for genetic diversity evaluation in sheep populations. The order of three-breed heterosis by the analysis of genetic relationship from large to small was Texel ♂× DH ♀, Suffolk ♂× DH ♀, Suffolki ♂× TH ♀, Texel ♂× SH ♀, Dorset ♂×TH ♀, and Dorset ♂× SH ♀, which was in accordance with the testing results on actual heterosis. These results showed that prediction of the best three-breed hybridized combination among sheep breeds by microsatellite DNA polymorphism was feasible, which will have an important value on the reasonable utilization of introduced meat sheep and sheep breeding in our country in the future.  相似文献   

2.
The aim of our present study was to construct genetic structure and relationships among Chinese fine-wool sheep breeds.46 individuals from 25 breeds or strains were genotyped based on the Illumina Ovine 50K SNP array.Meanwhile,genetic variations among 482 individuals from 9 populations were genotyped with 10 microsatellites.In this study,we found high genetic polymorphisms for the microsatellites,while 7 loci in the Chinese superfine Merino strain（Xinjiang types）（CMS）and 5loci in Gansu alpine superfine-wool sheep strain（GSS）groups were found deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium（HWE）.Genetic drift FST=0.019（P<0.001）and high gene flows were detected in all the 7 fine-wool sheep populations.Phylogenetic analysis showed fine-wool sheep populations were clustered in a group independent from the Chinese indigenous breeds such that the 7 fine-wool sheep clustered distinct from Liangshan semifine-wool sheep（LS）and Hu sheep（HY）reflected by different population differentiation analyses.Overall,our findings suggested that all fine-wool sheep populations have close genetic relationship,which is consistent with their breeding progress.These populations,therefore,can be regarded as open-breeding populations with high levels of gene flows.Furthermore,the two superfine-wool strains,viz.,CMS and GSS,might be formed by strong artificial selection and with frequent introduction of Australian Merino.Our results can assist in breeding of superfine-wool sheep and provide guidance for the cultivation of new fine-wool sheep breeds with different breeding objectives.  相似文献   

3.
Variations of structural loci among 4 sheep populations in China were examined by the method of multiloci electrophoresis, and similar data from 11 sheep populations were taken as basic references to analyze the genetic structure of the native sheep populations in East and South Asia. The results showed that the average heterozygosity and effective number of alleles among 15 populations were 0.2746 and 1.559, respectively. Mongolian sheep possessed the largest average heterozygosity and effective number of alleles. Genetic diversity of sheep populations in Mongolia, China, Vietnam, Bangladesh and Nepal was reduced in this order. The coefficients of genetic differentiation were between 0.0126 and 0.3083, with the average of 0.148, demonstrating that genetic variations lay mainly in populations with 85.2% of the total variations. There exists no correlation between geographical distances and genetic distances. Gene flow was smooth among most populations, which led to inconsistency between geographical distances and genetic distances. The 15 native sheep populations in East and South Asia could be divided into two groups： One group included part populations of China and Mongolia, and the other included Yunnan populations of China, and part populations of Nepal and Bangladesh. Other populations did not cluster together and divide into the above-mentioned two groups. Tills study indicated genetic differentiation of the 15 native sheep populations in East and South Asia was relatively low, geographical isolation was not the main reason affecting genetic differentiation, and the fifteen sheep populations could be divided into two groups according to phylogenetic relationships.  相似文献   

4.
The genetic diversity and relationships of seven Chinese indigenous pig breeds （Meishan, Erhualian, Hezuo, Bamei, Qingping, Tongcheng, and Huainan） and three exotic pig breeds （Large White, Landrace, and Duroc） were analyzed using the DNA differential display technique by means of eight primer combinations. A total of 123 reproducible bands were used to calculate mean Nei＇s gene diversity, and mean Shannon＇s information index for each pig population. Based on these the Nei＇s standard genetic identity and distance were estimated, which was used to construct a dendrogram tree for the 10 pig breeds. The experimental results obtained and the method used in this study for evaluating the genetic diversity and relationships of pigs were also discussed.  相似文献   

5.
Twelve fluorescence-labeled microsatellite markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 12 domestic duck breeds and 2 wild duck breeds to determine the relationship and origin of Chinese domestic duck breeds. Gene frequency, effective number of alleles （Ne）, expected heterozygosity （He）, polymorphism information contents （PIC）, inbreeding coefficient in population （Fis）, standard genetic distance （Ds）, and genetic distance （DA） were calculated by FSTAT and distance and phylogenetic analysis after the dates which were output from the Microsatellite-Toolkit software. Genetic distances between 12 domestic duck breeds and 2 wild duck breeds were analyzed by variance analysis. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean （UPGMA） and phylogenetic trees used for cluster analysis were structured. The results indicated that 11 loci had medium- or high-level genetic diversity among the 12 loci, which could be efficiently used in the detection of the genetic parameters of each population. The values of He were 0.5414 to 0.7343, those of PIC proved similar, and those of Fis were 0.1101 to 0.3381 among all populations. All breeds were clustered into three groups by UPGMA phylogenetic trees. Banzui duck was clustered into a separate group. Differences of the DA were analysed by t-test. The results showed that difference in DA between the 12 domestic duck breeds and Lvtou duck and the Banzui duck were very significant （P〈0.01）, indicating that these 12 domestic duck breeds originated from Lvtou wild duck, but not Banzui duck.  相似文献   

6.
Using the method of ＂random sampling in typical colonies of the central area of the habitat＂ and several electrophoresis techniques, the variations of 17 structural loci encoding blood proteins in 60 Small-Tailed Han sheep and 73 Tan sheep were examined and compared with those of 14 other sheep populations in China and other countries to investigate their levels of genetic differentiation. The average heterozygosities of Small-Tailed Han sheep and Tan sheep were 0.2360 and 0.2587, respectively. The average polymorphic information content values were 0.1974 and 0.2102, respectively. The average effective numbers of alleles were 1.5723 and 1.5751, respectively. The coefficients of gene differentiation in the four groups （including 4, 6, 13, and 16 sheep populations, respectively） were 0.049323, 0.059987, 0.1728, and 0.201256, respectively, indicating that the degree of gene differentiation at the structural loci was the least in Hu sheep, Tong sheep, Small-Tailed Hart sheep, and Tan sheep; followed by the above-mentioned four sheep populations and two Mongolian sheep populations; and was the highest in sheep populations belonging to the Mongolian sheep group, South Asian sheep, and European sheep. The earlier researchers＇ conclusions that both Small-Tailed Han sheep and Tan sheep evolved from Mongolian sheep were further verified by the results of this study. Hu sheep, Tong sheep, Small-Tailed Han sheep, and Tan sheep were decreasingly affected by the bloodline of Mongolian sheep to different degrees. The relationships among sheep populations were not closely related to the geographical distances among sheep populations.  相似文献   

7.
[Objective] Study on the genetic diversities of A.splendens from different areas of xinjiang.[Method] The genetic diversities among seven populations and within two populations were analyzed by RAPD.[Result] Genetic clustering results presented that the relationships among populations of A.splendens are directly related with geographic positions,and within population are related with habitats.[Conclusion] RAPD technique can be used to study genetic diversity of A.splendens.  相似文献   

8.
[Objective] The research aimed to provide the genetic basis for the protection, development and utilization of Guizhou local pig breeds. [Method] From 27 pairs of porcine microsatellite primers recommended by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG), six pairs (S0155, SW240, IGF1, SW951, SW857, SW24) were selected for microsatellite DNA detection of three Guizhou local pig breeds, including Nuogu Pig, Kele Pig and Guanling Pig. Subsequently, their genetic diversities were analyzed. [Result] The three pig breeds were high polymorphic at the six microsatellite loci (PIC>0.5). The Nei's standard genetic distance of them was 0.206 3-0.481 5. The genetic distance between Nuogu Pig and Kele Pig was the closest, and that between Nuogu Pig and Guanling Pig was the furthest. [Conclusion] The three Guizhou local pig breeds are in high genetic diversities. Nuogu Pig is a special type of Kele Pig, an excellent Chinese local pig breed.  相似文献   

9.
Genetic variation and patterns of genetic differentiation of the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), from the South China were analyzed using 6 microsatellite markers and two partial mtDNA (cox1 and cox2) regions. All of the 6 microsatellite loci were polymorphic in the studied seven populations. The allelic richness per population ranged between 5.67 and 14.00, and average H E and H O values were 0.6246-0.8329 and 0.2634-0.6061, respectively. As the mitochondrial genome is a single genetic locus, we only present results for the concatenated data set (cox1 plus cox2 gene sequences, 513 bp). The concatenated data showed high level of genetic diversity and there are 23 variable polymorphic sites among the 513 sites in concatenated data. Nearly all of (20 of 21) pairwise F ST comparisons among populations showed genetic differentiation with moderate to high pairwise F ST values based on microsatellite markers. However, for the mtDNA data, most of the seven populations did not show significant differentiation with other populations. The differences of population differentiation obtained with the two different genetic markers could be mainly attributed to the different mutation rates of microsatellite and mtDNA. There was not genetic structure existed in these studied populations based on microsatellite loci and mtDNA data. The analysis based on network, mismatch distribution, Tajima’s D and F S indicated that the studied populations were from the recent same ancestor or the same refuge and followed by a sudden demographic expansion condition.  相似文献   

10.
Ten temperate and adapted exotic breeding populations of maize were studied with electrophoretic techniques. Three isozyme systems coded by nine allozyme loci were used for evaluating the genetic variability within and among populations. The results revealed that 78.57% of allozyme loci were polymorphic. Low allelic variation with a mean number of 1.84 alleles per locus per population was detected. But, these populations still maintained higher level of heterozygosity; moreover, the exotic populations had greater gene diversity than the temperate populations. All the populations were non-panmictic with negative Wright＇s fixation indexes （-0.091— -0.424）. The tropical BS 16 was typified by maximum allelic richness, percent of polymorphic loci and heterozygosity. More than 93% of the gene diversity maintained within populations, and the genetic differentiation among populations was low （0.002—0.191）. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the tropical BS29 diverged from other populations in the reverse direction. The temperate BS9 and tropical BS16 were divergent each other, and highly differentiated from other temperate and tropical populations, consequently, these two populations would be analogically postulated as potential germplasms to establish new heterotic groups for temperate maize breeding programs.  相似文献   

11.
[目的]对内蒙古巴彦淖尔市级进杂交肉羊群体的遗传特性进行评估和坚定：[方法]利用10个微卫星标记对3个选育绵羊群体（选育级进1代、级进2代、巴美肉羊）,3个引进肉羊品种（德克塞尔、无角道塞特、德国美利奴）和1个当地母本群体（蒙古羊）进行微卫星标记鉴定,分析这7个绵羊群体的多态性和遗传聚集性。[结果]通过聚类分析,7个群体明显可以分为2大类群,即选育级进1代首先和德国美利奴聚在一起,然后再依次和级进2代、巴美肉羊、蒙古羊聚在一起为一大类,德克塞尔和道塞特聚在一起为一大类;各群体贝叶斯判别结果显示,级进1代和级进2代的遗传聚集性比较低,巴关肉羊和国外肉用绵羊品种德克塞尔、道塞特、德国美利奴的遗传聚集性比较高。[结论]巴美肉羊已经形成了较好的遗传稳定性。  相似文献   

12.
分析了10个微卫星基因座10个微卫星标记在7个绵羊群体（德美♂×当地羊♀级进杂交一代、级进杂交二代、级进杂交三代、德克赛尔、道赛特羊、德国美利奴羊、当地羊）205只绵羊中的遗传多态性。结果表明,这10个微卫星标记在7个绵羊群体中的等位基因数分别为12、22、26、23、14、21、29、17、24和14,由多态信息含量／有效等位基因数／杂合度可知其中AGLA269的遗传变异最大,BMS1714最小。基于Nei氏距离和共祖遗传距离,采用UPGMA方法构建了系统发生树。该发生树将德美×当地羊级进杂交一代、二代、三代和德国美利奴羊归为一类后又与当地羊聚为一大类,将德克赛尔、道赛特羊归为另一类。绵羊微卫星基因分型技术为检查品种（群体）之间的遗传关系提供了一个有用的工具。  相似文献   

13.
阿勒泰羊肌肉组织的免疫组化分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
[目的]比较阿勒泰羊肌肉组织肌球蛋白重链(Myosin heavy chain,My HC)I型肌纤维含量。[方法]收集8月龄阿勒泰羊、Texel羊和F1代肉羊肌肉组织,应用免疫组化方法分析阿勒泰羊My HC I型肌纤维含量,并与Texel和F1代肉羊进行了比较。[结果]阿勒泰羊My HC I型肌纤维含量与Texel肉羊、F1代肉羊差异显著(P0.05)。[结论]研究结果可为肉羊品种选育和肌肉品质鉴定提供理论依据。  相似文献   

14.
利用微卫星DNA多态性预测引进肉用绵羊品种杂种优势   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  
【目的】利用微卫星DNA在不同绵羊群体中的多态性预测引进肉用绵羊品种与小尾寒羊的杂种优势。【方法】利用5个微卫星基因座对4个国外引进肉羊品种及小尾寒羊5个群体的等位基因频率、群体多态信息含量、有效等位基因数、杂合度和遗传距离进行了遗传检测，并测定4个引进肉羊与小尾寒的杂交效果。【结果】5个微卫星基因座在白头萨福克、黑头萨福克、道赛特、得克赛儿及小尾寒羊5个群体中存在多态性，可以用于绵羊遗传多样性的评估；从不同品种看，道赛特羊的遗传变异程度最大，而小尾寒羊的遗传变异程度相对较小；经遗传关系分析，在引进的4个肉羊品种中，与小尾寒羊杂交优势由大到小依次为白头萨福克、黑头萨福克、道赛特、得克赛儿，与实际杂种优势测定结果相符。【结论】利用微卫星DNA多态性预测引进肉用绵羊品种与小尾寒羊的杂种优势是可行的，将对今后绵羊育种具有重要的应用价值。  相似文献   

15.
【目的】旨在寻找与产羔数相关的遗传标记,为绵羊高繁殖力的标记辅助选择提供科学依据。【方法】以控制Lacaune绵羊高繁殖力的骨形态发生蛋白15(bonemorphogenetic protein15,BMP15)基因为候选基因,采用PCR-SSCP方法在绵羊(Ovisaries)高繁殖力品种(小尾寒羊和湖羊)和低繁殖力品种(多赛特、特克塞尔、考力代、杜泊、南非肉用美利奴和中国美利奴绵羊)中检测BMP15基因的FecXL突变,同时研究该基因突变对小尾寒羊和湖羊高繁殖力的影响。【结果】这8个绵羊品种都没有发生与Lacaune绵羊相同的FecXL突变(C53Y)。【结论】BMP15基因中影响Lacaune绵羊高繁殖力的突变位点对小尾寒羊和湖羊的高繁殖力都没有显著影响。  相似文献   

16.
利用两个微卫星标记OarFCB304和MCM53对陶赛特、德克赛尔和萨福克3个绵羊品种的等位基因频率、群体多态信息含量、有效等位基因数和杂合度进行了检测。结果表明,微卫星位点OarFCB304和MCM53在3个绵羊品种中均具有高度多态性,可以用于绵羊遗传多样性的评估;位点OarFCB304比MCM53变异大;从不同品种来看,陶赛特绵羊的遗传变异程度较大,而德克赛尔羊的遗传变异程度相对较小。  相似文献   

17.
利用30个微卫星DNA标记对乌珠穆沁羊、苏尼特羊、内蒙古细毛羊、宁夏滩羊、小尾寒羊和无角多赛特羊共237个体进行遗传距离分析,结果表明：（1）苏尼特羊和乌珠穆沁羊遗传距离为0．0833最小,无角多赛特羊与其它5个绵羊品种的遗传距离在1．0146-1．2876之间,滩羊、内蒙古细毛羊和小尾寒羊彼此之问及与乌珠穆沁羊和苏尼特羊的遗传距离为0．3623-0．6020;（2）聚类图将6个绵羊品种划分为4个分支,即苏尼特羊和乌珠穆沁羊,内蒙古细毛羊和小尾寒羊,宁夏滩羊,无角多赛特羊。（3）6个绵羊品种间遗传距离和聚类图与品种的历史演化和资料记载基本符合,为绵羊种质资源的利用和保护提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

18.
郎侠 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(4):1746-1747,1764
[目的]研究微卫星标记OarFCB128在5个绵羊品种中的遗传多样性。[方法]利用微卫星标记OarFCB128对5个绵羊品种（藏羊、兰州大尾羊、蒙古羊、小尾寒羊、无角道赛特）的基因频率、多态性信息含量、有效等位基因数和杂合度进行分析。[结果]微卫星标记OarFCB128在藏羊、兰州大尾羊、蒙古羊、小尾寒羊、无角道赛特中的多态信息含量、有效等位基因数及群体杂合度分别是0.8404、0.8922、0.9075、0.9094、0.7728,7.2414、11.5140、12.6820、12.8750、5.2674,0.8619、0.9131、0.9211、0.9223、0.8102。[结论]微卫星标记OarFCB128在绵羊品种中的多态性丰富,可用于绵羊遗传多样性评估。  相似文献   

19.
利用微卫星DNA标记分析高原型细毛羊的种质特性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
 【目的】利用微卫星DNA遗传标记,分析中国高原型细毛羊品种间的遗传差异,为评价其种质特征、开展品种保护和遗传改良提供依据。【方法】运用15个微卫星DNA标记,以甘肃高山细毛羊和青海细毛羊为研究对象,其它9个绵羊群体为对照,分析群体遗传结构、遗传分化和种质特性。【结果】系统发育分析、主成分分析和群体遗传结构推导均得出一致的结果：即所研究的11个群体可分为3类,其中青海细毛羊和甘肃高山细毛羊聚为一类,具有较近的主成分值,群体遗传结构也较相似。【结论】青海细毛羊和甘肃高山细毛羊具有相似的遗传背景,这与他们的育种历史等一致,表明微卫星DNA标记是研究动物种质特征的可靠遗传标记之一,在未来的品种资源保护和利用中,根据系统保种理论,可将青海细毛羊和甘肃高山细毛羊按一个细毛羊品种来对待。  相似文献   

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