共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
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<正>红尾水鸲在陕南为留鸟,分布广,数量多,为该区低山灌丛及河溪留鸟中的主要品种。笔者在宁陕县蒲河区(海拔760m)对红尾水鸲的繁殖习性做了系统的观察研究,并对本县江口区(海拔900m)、太山区(海拔540m)红尾水鸲的繁殖做了相应的考证。报告如下:一、发情。红尾水鸲发情在2月上中旬,历时一月左右。初期通常几只成 相似文献
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关于鸟类生物学的研究,国内学者对我国的繁殖鸟已经做了大量的工作。但还有一部分种类缺小这方面的资料。为此,现将我们1984年在大兴安岭地区对红喉(姬)鹟、燕雀、鸲(姬)鹟、栗鹀繁殖习性的初步观察简报如下。一、红喉(姬)鹟(Ficedula parva albicilla) 5月中旬迁来(10—20日),9月中旬迁走,居留期为120天。迁来时成3—5只的小群,迁到以后单独活动,尚不会呜唱。主要分布在山地落叶松林和白桦落叶松混交林中,遇 相似文献
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<正>歌鸲,就是在以鸟类丰富著称的西南山地的野外,人们也难得一见,但在紧靠西南山地的繁华都市——成都市中心,却发现8种歌鸲。成都市区有8种歌鸲歌鸲,取自谐音"歌曲",是一类把鸣声和体型结合在一起命名的鹟亚科鸟类。古文中提到过"歌者善唱,鸲",根据汉语释义为鸟类的一属,体小,尾巴长,嘴短而尖,羽毛美丽。而中国古代把"鸲"定义为一类广泛的鸟类,八哥、鸺鹠在不同的书作 相似文献
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Avian use of even-aged timber harvests is likely affected by stand attributes such as size, amount of edge, and retained basal area, all characteristics that can easily be manipulated in timber harvesting plans. However, few studies have examined their effects during the post-breeding period. We studied the impacts of clearcut, low-leave two-age, and high-leave two-age harvesting on post-breeding birds using transect sampling and mist-netting in north-central West Virginia. In our approach, we studied the effects of these harvest types as well as stand size and edge on species characteristic of both early-successional and mature forest habitats. In 2005-2006, 13 stands ranging from 4 to 10 years post-harvest and 4-21 ha in size were sampled from late June through mid-August. Capture rates and relative abundance were similar among treatments for generalist birds. Early-successional birds had the lowest capture rates and fewer species (∼30% lower), and late-successional birds reached their highest abundance and species totals (double the other treatments) in high-leave two-age stands. Area sensitivity was evident for all breeding habitat groups. Both generalist and late-successional bird captures were negatively related to stand size, but these groups showed no clear edge effects. Mean relative abundance decreased to nearly zero for the latter group in the largest stands. In contrast, early-successional species tended to use stand interiors more often and responded positively to stand size. Capture rates for this group tripled as stand size increased from 4 to 21 ha. Few birds in the forest periphery responded to harvest edge types despite within-stand edge effects evident for several species. To create suitable habitat for early-successional birds, large, non-linear openings with a low retained basal area are ideal, while smaller harvests and increased residual tree retention would provide habitat for more late-successional birds post-breeding. Although our study has identified habitat use patterns for different species in timber harvests, understanding habitat-specific bird survival is needed to help determine the quality of silvicultural harvests for post-breeding birds. 相似文献
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2019年至2021年对云南省昆明市呈贡回回营社区混合集群的鹭鸟开展调研,分别于2019年10月, 2021年4、5、6月对鹭群进行4次访问。2019年10月,鹭鸟繁殖栖息地主要由竹子和少量桉树构成,地面覆盖大量落叶;其间污水流淌,形成数条小河和一个池塘。2021年统计每棵竹子和桉树上鹭巢数量及营巢鹭鸟种类,并测量巢距离地面的垂直高度。该地发现有小白鹭、黑顶夜鹭和牛背鹭筑巢繁殖,其中小白鹭和黑顶夜鹭构成群落数量主体。2021年4月记录21个鹭巢（小白鹭与黑顶夜鹭）,5月记录41个鹭巢（小白鹭、黑顶夜鹭和牛背鹭;此月为繁殖高峰）,6月记录8个鹭巢。鹭巢距离地面平均距离为8.78 m。目前,该鹭群由于回回营面临拆迁而受到威胁,为此提议保留鹭群所在的繁殖地,并改善研究地点及周边地区水质情况。 相似文献
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Conversion of natural forests to other land use results not only in a decrease of forest area but also in the degradation
of remnant forests as a habitat for forest animals. Although such degradation due to an increase of forest edges has been
studied most intensively, other factors such as forest shape may also contribute to the degradation. In this study, we compared
bird abundance and species richness between irregular-shaped and relatively continuous forests in the breeding and migratory
seasons. Since the forests were surrounded by tree plantations rather than open lands, the edge effect may have been weak
at the study site. Our results suggested that the irregular forest shape negatively affected forest bird abundance and species
richness in the breeding season, but not in the migratory season. The response of birds varied with bird traits: migrants
avoided the irregular-shaped forest, but residents did not. Among the residents, small ones preferred or tolerate the irregular-shaped
forest whereas large ones avoided it. This study indicates that careful consideration of various factors such as seasonality
and bird traits is needed to understand the consequences of land use changes on forest birds. 相似文献
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Richard B. Chandler David I. King Carlin C. Chandler 《Forest Ecology and Management》2009,258(7):1669-1676
Many shrubland bird species are declining in eastern North America and as a result forest managers have used a variety of techniques to provide breeding habitat for these species. The maintenance of permanent “wildlife openings” using prescribed burns or mechanical treatments is a widely used approach for providing habitat for these species, but there have been no studies of the effects of treatment regime on bird abundance and nest survival in managed wildlife openings. We studied shrubland birds in wildlife openings on the White Mountain National Forest (WMNF) in New Hampshire and Maine, USA, during 2003 and 2004. We analyzed bird abundance and nest survival in relation to treatment type (burned versus mowed), treatment frequency, time since treatment, and patch area. We found that wildlife openings provided habitat for shrubland birds that are not present in mature forest. There was relatively modest support for models of focal bird species abundance as a function of treatment regime variables, despite pronounced effects of treatment on habitat conditions. This probably was attributable to the combined effects of complex site histories and bird site fidelity. Overall nest success (52%) was comparable to other types of early-successional habitats in the region, but there were few supported relationships between nest survival and treatment variables. We conclude that wildlife openings provide quality habitat for shrubland birds of high conservation interest as long as managers ensure treatment intervals are long enough to permit the development of woody vegetation characteristic of the later stages of this sere. Also, wildlife openings should be large enough to accommodate the territory sizes of all target species, which was ≥1.2 ha in this study. 相似文献
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Naoko Emura Kazuto Kawakami Tomohiro Deguchi Koichi Sone 《Journal of Forest Research》2012,17(4):352-359
Some introduced frugivorous birds disperse introduced plants and are thus a substitute for extinct native birds. Introduced birds have negative and/or infrequently positive effects on local ecosystems. It is important for management of the ecosystems to understand the relationships between native and introduced frugivorous and plant species. In this study, we elucidated these relationships in Mukojima Island, the Bonin Islands, where was anthropologically deforested and Japanese White-eye Zosterops japonicus and some plants were already introduced. We examined the habitat selection of frugivorous birds, actual dispersed seeds in bird feces, and the distribution of the potentially dispersed plant species. The Japanese White-eye and the native, Blue Rockthrush Monticola solitarius, were dominant on this island. The former mainly used the forest area and dispersed only small seeds and frequently introduced plant seeds. The latter mainly used the open area and dispersed both small and large seeds. Some small-seed plants occurred not only in the forest but also in the open area. Their seedlings were distributed farther from their adult trees than the large-seed species. These indicate that small-seed plants would be more spread than the large-seed plants because the two bird species disperse their seeds in different environments. This introduced bird species may be important in vegetation recovery, although it may contribute to the distribution of introduced plants on this island. 相似文献
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Spatial scale is an important consideration when managing forest wildlife habitat, and models can be used to improve our understanding of these habitats at relevant scales. Our objectives were to determine whether stand- or microhabitat-scale variables better predicted bird metrics (diversity, species presence, and abundance) and to examine breeding bird response to clearcut size and age in a highly forested landscape. In 2004-2007, vegetation data were collected from 62 even-aged stands that were 3.6-34.6 ha in size and harvested in 1963-1990 on the Monongahela National Forest, WV, USA. In 2005-2007, we also surveyed birds at vegetation plots. We used classification and regression trees to model breeding bird habitat use with a suite of stand and microhabitat variables. Among stand variables, elevation, stand age, and stand size were most commonly retained as important variables in guild and species models. Among microhabitat variables, medium-sized tree density and tree species diversity most commonly predicted bird presence or abundance. Early successional and generalist bird presence, abundance, and diversity were better predicted by microhabitat variables than stand variables. Thus, more intensive field sampling may be required to predict habitat use for these species, and management may be needed at a finer scale. Conversely, stand-level variables had greater utility in predicting late-successional species occurrence and abundance; thus management decisions and modeling at this scale may be suitable in areas with a uniform landscape, such as our study area. Our study suggests that late-successional breeding bird diversity can be maximized long-term by including harvests >10 ha in size into our study area and by increasing tree diversity. Some harvesting will need to be incorporated regularly, because after 15 years, the study stands did not provide habitat for most early successional breeding specialists. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):452-465
In Fennoscandinan forestry, retention of forest strips as a buffer adjacent to water and bogs has long been recommended, but their biological value is poorly known and practice varies greatly. This study explored the value for breeding birds of retaining buffer strips of different width and structure, after clear-cutting in coniferous forest. The presence of birds during their nesting season was inventoried in 370 strips in south-eastern Norway. The species number per 100 m strip length increased with increasing strip width up to about 30 m width, and then remained constant up to 70–100 m width. Generalist species dominated all width categories. Important habitat factors other than strip width were basal area of spruce, short visibility and tree height. Although 11–20 m wide strips had the highest density of species and individuals per hectare, buffer strips of about 30 m width may be recommended, as narrower strips had fewer species per unit length of edge. 相似文献
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为掌握雷公山国家级自然保护区野生鸟类资源状况,采用公里网格随机布设60个红外相机监测位点,对雷公山重点区域地面活动鸟类进行调查。2020年1月至2021年12月,100台红外相机野外累计正常工作18 074个相机日,累计获得独立有效鸟类照片(视频)2 883份。调查监测记录到鸟类7目、17科、48种,其中栗苇鳽、红点颏、蓝歌鸲、斑胸钩嘴鹛、灰头绿啄木鸟、灰翅噪鹛、褐翅鸦鹃等7种为雷公山保护区鸟类新纪录。分析结果表明：鸟类相对多度最高为白鹇,其次为灰胸竹鸡和棕头鸦雀;鸟类网格占有率最高为白鹇(42.05%),棕头鸦雀(35.23%)和灰胸竹鸡(25.00%)次之。 相似文献