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本试验期1年,以月为单位,共分12个组,每月选择200窝空怀母兔、40窝产仔母兔研究不同季节因素对新西兰白兔繁殖性能的影响,统计测定受胎率、窝产仔数、窝产活仔数、产活仔率、初生个体重、初生窝重等指标。试验结果显示,春季总体繁殖性能优于其他季节,其中5月份为最好,其平均受胎率85.00%、平均窝产仔数7.33只、平均初生个体重73.08 g,平均初生窝重526.19 g;夏季高温对繁殖性能影响最大,其8月份的平均窝产仔数5.68只、平均产活仔率94.42%、平均初生个体重60.87 g、平均初生窝重326.44 g,基本处于最低水平;秋季繁殖性能总体呈恢复上升趋势,但由于高温的持续,繁殖性能低于平均水平;冬季除低温对受胎率影响较大外,其余指标相对稳定。试验表明,季节对新西兰白兔繁殖性能有一定影响,春季最宜配种、随后为冬季和秋季,最不宜配种季节为夏季,其中高温比低温的影响程度更大。 相似文献
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不同繁殖季节对母猪产仔状况的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对广东省惠阳市某集约化养猪场1999-2000年度的繁殖母猪(长白×大约克)窝产仔数进行调查分析,着重讨论不同繁殖季节对母猪窝产仔数的影响。924窝不同季节配种的母猪平均窝产仔数10.04头,第四季度配种的母猪(n=265)平均窝产仔数最高,为10.38头;第二季度配种的母猪(n=181)平均窝产仔数最低,为9.68头,两者差异显著(p<0.05)。510窝不同季节分娩的母猪平均窝产仔数为10.13头,第二季度分娩的母猪(n=141)平均窝产仔数最高,为10.44头;第一季度分娩的母猪(n=109)最低,为9.72头,两者差异极显著(p<0.01)。母猪不同分娩季节对初生仔猪24 h成活率的影响明显,第四季度初生仔猪成活率最高,为95.45％;第二季度最低,为85.88％,两者差异显著(p<0.05)。结果表明,不同繁殖季节对母猪窝产仔数、初生仔猪成活率影响显著。 相似文献
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本文对常见的德系、法系、美系三个品系獭兔进行了繁殖性能综合比较。试验结果表明:美系獭兔受胎率、窝产仔数、窝产活仔数、仔兔成活率、仔兔初生重、断奶成活率分别为86.67%、8.08、7.73、95.71%、44.73、89.55%;法系獭兔的试验结果为76.67%、7.70、7.21、94.92%、44.21、88.33%;德系獭兔的试验结果为:73.33%、7.32、6.36、87.34%、49.55、78.57%,经检验美系獭兔的窝产仔数、窝产活仔数、仔兔成活率和断奶成活率均显著高于法系和德系獭兔,仔兔初生重以德系最高,与其他两系比较差异显著。三品系受胎率差异不显著。 相似文献
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对广东省惠阳市某集约化养猪场1999年～2000年度的繁殖母猪(长白×大约克)窝产仔数进行调查分析，着重讨论不同繁殖季节对母猪窝产仔数的影响。924窝不同季节配种的母猪平均窝产仔数10．04头，第四季度配种的母猪(n=265)平均窝产仔数最高，为10．38头，第二季度配种的母猪(n=181)平均窝产仔数最低，为9．68头，两者差异显著(P<0．05)。510窝不同季节分娩的母猪平均窝产仔数为10．13头，第二季度分娩母猪(n=141)平均窝产仔数最高，为10．44头：第一季度分娩的母猪(n=109)最低，为9．72头，两者差异极显著(P<0、01)。母猪不同分娩季节对初生仔猪24小时成活率的影响明显，第四季度初生仔猪成活率最高，为95．45％；第二季度最低，为85．88％，两者差异显著(P<0．05)。结果表明，不同繁殖季节对母猪窝产仔数、初生仔猪成活率影响显著。 相似文献
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为了探讨我国南方气候条件对新西兰兔繁殖性能的影响,笔者选择身体健康、体质量相近(1850±200 g)的3月龄新西兰兔120只,进行常规饲养管理,5月龄开始配种,35日龄断奶,记录年产窝数、窝产仔数、初生个体质量、初生窝质量、断奶个体质量、断奶窝质量和断奶成活率。结果表明,揭阳地区新西兰兔年产5胎~7胎,平均窝产仔数6.25只~7.56只、初生个体质量55.73 g~65.01 g、初生窝质量131.05 g~425.51 g、断奶个体质量598.32 g~701.23 g、断奶窝质量1402.51 g~4828.32 g,全年平均断奶成活率在90%以上。说明南方气候条件对新西兰兔繁殖性能无显著影响,新西兰兔能够适应我国南方气候条件。 相似文献
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饲料中加硒提高獭兔繁殖性能的应用试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2009年,在獭兔日粮中添加0.18 mg/kg硒,与2007、2008年未添加硒的獭兔进行繁殖性能比较,试验结果受胎率提高了5.95%,平均窝产仔数提高了1.5只,初生平均窝重提高了32.86g,初生平均个体重提高了7.68 g,平均泌乳力提高了174.46 g,断奶窝重提高了258.11 g,断奶个体重提高了41.0 g,断奶成活率提高了10.55%。表明了在獭兔的日粮中添加0.18 mg/kg的硒,对繁殖性能的提高极显著（P〈0.01）。 相似文献
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试验为探究海狸色獭兔与皱襞型獭兔不同交配组合生产性能比较,随机选取6~7月龄健康皱襞型獭兔和海狸色獭兔各40只（30只母兔和10只公兔）,进行不同交配组合试验,分别为海狸纯繁组（海狸色獭兔（♂）×海狸色獭兔（♀））、皱襞纯繁组（白色皱襞型獭兔（♂）×白色皱襞型獭兔（♀））、正交组（海狸色獭兔（♂）×白色皱襞型獭兔（♀））和反交组（白色皱襞型獭兔（♂）×海狸色獭兔（♀））,测定母兔繁殖性能和后代生长性能、屠宰性能及被毛品质。结果显示：正交组初生窝重320.71 g、产仔数6.71只、泌乳力1 727.43 g、仔兔断奶成活率83.91%、仔兔断奶窝重5 304.14 g、幼兔料重比4.06、屠宰率62.43%、皮张面积1 160.20 cm2、被毛密度15 951.70根/cm2、被毛细度16.32 μm、粗毛率6.83%;反交组初生窝重315.14 g、产仔数6.52只、泌乳力1 710.00 g、仔兔断奶成活率80.19%、仔兔断奶窝重4 814.82 g、幼兔料重比4.30、屠宰率62.93%、皮张面积1 172.20 cm2、被毛密度16 092.01根/cm2、被毛细度16.43 μm、粗毛率6.78%,经比对两组间差异均不显著（P>0.05）;而海狸色纯繁组的初生窝重、产仔数、泌乳力、仔兔断奶成活率、仔兔断奶窝重、皮张面积、被毛密度、被毛细度均较皱襞型纯繁组低、而幼兔料重比、屠宰率及粗毛率均较皱襞型纯繁组高,经比对两个纯繁组间除料重比、屠宰率、被毛细度和粗毛率差异不显著外（P>0.05）,其他各指标差异均显著（P<0.05）。综上所述,正交组合亲代的繁殖性能及F1代的生长性能和屠宰性能均略好于反交组合;而反交组合F1代的被毛品质略好于正交组合。 相似文献
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ZHAO Yue-ping YANG Cui-jun SUN Quan-wen WU Shu-qin WU Zhan-fu HAO Rong-chao LU Jing MA Meng-pan REN Ling-ling 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(12):3578-3584
In order to compare the production performance of different mating combination between Castor Rex rabbit and Plicae Rex rabbit,40 Castor Rex rabbit (10 ♂ and 30 ♀) and 40 Plicae Rex rabbit (10 ♂ and 30 ♀) with 6 to 7 month old were selected.Hybrid testing was conducted using Plicate Rex rabbit and Castor Rex rabbit as crossing parents which were Castor Rex rabbit pure breeding (Castor Rex rabbit ♂×Castor Rex rabbit ♀),Plicate Rex rabbit pure breeding (Plicae Rex rabbit ♂×Plicae Rex rabbit ♀),orthogonal combination (Castor Rex rabbit ♂×Plicae Rex rabbit ♀)and reciprocal combination (Plicae Rex rabbit ♂×Castor Rex rabbit ♀).The reproductive performance of rabbits does and the growth performance,the slaughter performance and wool quality of their offsprings were measured respectively. The results showed that the neonatal weight of litter,litter size,lactescence,survival rate,weaning weight of litter,F/G,slaughter rate,skin area,hair density,hair fineness and coarse wool rate of orthogonal combination were 320.71 g,6.71,1 727.43 g,83.91%,5 304.14 g,4.06,62.43%,1 160.20 cm2,15 951.70/cm2,16.32 μm and 6.83%,respectively,while that of reciprocal combination were 315.14 g,6.52,1 710.00 g,80.19%,4 814.82 g,4.30,62.93%,1 172.20 cm2,16 092.01/cm2,16.43 μm and 6.78%,respectively,and the differences between reciprocal combination and orthogonal combination were not significant (P>0.05).The F/G,slaughter rate and coarse wool rate of F1 in Castor Rex rabbit pure breeding were higher than that of Plicate Rex rabbit pure breeding,while the other indexes were all lower than Plicate Rex rabbit pure breeding,of which the differences between two pure breeding, except F/G,slaughter rate,hair fineness and coarse wool rate, were significantly different (P<0.05).In conclusion,the reproductive performance of parental generation and growth and slaughter performance of F1 in orthogonal combination was slightly better than that of reciprocal combination,while the wool quality of F1 in reciprocal combination was better than orthogonal combination. 相似文献
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以美系(A系)和德系(G系)獭兔为基础育种群体,进行正、反交及其子代杂交。其中选择美系(A系)和德系(G系)獭兔公兔各20只,母兔各200只左右;进行正、反杂交试验,并以其杂种后代美德獭兔(AG系)和德美獭兔(GA系)继续进行杂交试验;并以公兔组建家系,对所有杂交组合的繁殖性能和后代体重生长性能进行系统测定,优化杂交组合,选择优良家系。美系与德系獭兔正反杂交组合的繁殖性能均大于德系獭兔亲本(P<0.01),在亲本中,美系獭兔繁殖性能显著优于德系獭兔(P<0.01);在所有杂交组合中,以德美獭兔♂×美德獭兔♀组合的平均产仔数(8.18只)、初生窝重(436.41 g)、断乳活仔数(7.6只)为最高,杂交优势率亦最高。美系獭兔♂×德系獭兔♀杂交组合家系间的产仔数、断乳活仔数、断乳成活率等繁殖性状总体上差异不显著(P>0.05),部分家系间初生窝重有显著差异。德系獭兔♂×美系獭兔♀杂交组合家系间仅少数家系间初生窝重有显著差异(P<0.05);德美獭兔♂×美德獭兔♀家系间的产仔数、初生窝重、断乳活仔数、断乳成活率等繁殖性状均无显著差异(P>0.05)。以德美獭兔(GA)♂×美德獭兔(AG)♀为最佳杂交组合。 相似文献
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葎草饲喂獭兔效果研究 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：10
葎草Humulus scandens分别饲喂生长獭兔、妊娠母兔以探讨其饲用效果.结果显示:葎草干粉代替全部普通青干草饲喂生长獭兔,日增重增加15.05%,料重比降低11.37%,对母兔的产仔数、产活仔数、泌乳力、断奶成活率等指标均没有影响.鲜嫩葎草补加部分精料饲喂生长獭兔,1.5-3.5月龄平均日增重20.52 g,最高日增重可达25.6 g;饲喂繁殖母兔,平均产活仔数6.72只,平均出生个体重54.2 g,平均断奶成活率95.2%,平均断奶个体重375 g . 相似文献
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本研究旨在探讨饲粮中不同粗蛋白、粗纤维水平对四川白獭兔种母兔生产性能的影响,以确定其适宜的蛋白质、粗纤维需要量。试验饲粮设计4个处理,粗蛋白/粗纤维水平分别是18.59%/15.62%、19.84%/16.06%、19.05%/17.55%、18.56%/16.00%。结果表明:饲粮粗蛋白/粗纤维水平为19.05%/17.55%时,母兔受胎率、仔兔平均初生窝重、窝仔数、初生个体重显著高于其余各处理(P<0.05),说明妊娠期母兔适宜的粗蛋白/粗纤维水平为19.05%/17.55%;饲粮粗蛋白/粗纤维水平为19.84%/16.06%、18.56%/16.00%时母兔泌乳量、仔兔生长性能高于其余各处理(P<0.05),说明泌乳期适宜的饲粮粗蛋白/粗纤维水平为19.84%/16.06%或18.56%/16.00%。 相似文献
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Exposing growing and adult New Zealand White (NZW) female rabbits to severe heat stress (temperature–humidity index = 28.9) during summer adversely affected their growth and reproductive traits. The traits that declined significantly (p<0.01) were the live body weight, daily weight gain and feed intake of growing rabbits, and the litter size and litter weight at weaning (p<0.05) and the pre-weaning weight gain of pups (p<0.01) for adult females. The conception rate declined considerably with heat stress. The declines in the values of the digestibility coefficients due to heat stress were 7.9% (p<0.05) for dry matter (DM), 8.1% (p<0.05) for crude protein (CP) and 1.0% for crude fibre (CF). The traits that increased significantly (p<0.01) due to heat stress were water intake, water/feed ratio and rectal temperature in growing rabbits and pre-weaning mortality for adult females.Alleviation of heat stress in the growing and adult female NZW rabbits was more efficient with drinking cool water (10–15°C; between 10:00 and 17:00) than with supplementation with palm oil (as a source of energy) or natural clay (as a natural enhancer to growth and milk production). Supplying the animals with cool drinking water gave the highest body weight and weight gain, conception rate, litter size and weight and digestibility coefficients for DM and CP and the lowest rectal temperature, respiration rate and pre-weaning mortality.The loss in rabbit production pertaining to heat stress estimated from the percentages of decline in conception rate×pre-weaning mortality×litter weight at weaning was 73.0%. The provision of cool water restored 11/12 of heat loss. 相似文献
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Effects of temperature and temperature‐humidity index on the reproductive performance of sows during summer months under a temperate climate 
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下载免费PDF全文 Kerstin Wegner Christian Lambertz Gürbüz Das Gerald Reiner Matthias Gauly 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(11):1334-1339
Heat stress is known to influence sow reproduction, but it is unknown to which extent under temperate climates. Therefore, the impact of temperature and temperature‐humidity index (THI) on the reproductive performance of sows during summer months from 2009 to 2011 were studied. Reproductive parameters of 22 264 inseminations and 21 610 resulting farrowings of 22 German commercial farms were analyzed. Climatic records were available from the nearest weather station. Effects of temperature and THI at different periods of the reproductive cycle were estimated from May to September where temperatures were expected to influence climatic conditions indoors. High temperatures and THI values 5 days pre‐ and 14 days post‐breeding reduced litter size by 0.01 to 0.03 piglets (P < 0.05). Prior to farrowing, the number of liveborn piglets was reduced (P < 0.05) and of stillborns increased with rising climatic variables (P < 0.001). On the day of farrowing, reduced numbers of weaned piglets were observed when temperature and THI values were elevated (P < 0.05), but pre‐weaning mortality was not influenced (P > 0.05). In conclusion, even under temperate conditions adverse effects of climatic variables on the reproductive performance of sows are present. Thereby, the number of liveborn piglets can be considered as the most sensitive parameter to heat stress. Considering the impact of climate change and predicted heat waves, strategies to mitigate the impact of heat stress are necessary. 相似文献
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研究日粮中性洗涤纤维(NDF)水平对断奶獭兔血液免疫细胞、小肠分泌型免疫球蛋白A(sIgA)、盲肠微生物及盲肠pH的影响,为揭示日粮NDF和肠道健康关系和断奶獭兔日粮的配制提供理论依据。选择35日龄体重差异不显著的断奶獭兔56只,随机分成4组,每组14只(每只为一个重复)。分别饲喂NDF水平为29%,33%,37%,41%的日粮。预试7 d,正式试验28 d。试验结束后各组随机选取6只屠宰采样,测量血液及肠道各项指标。结果表明,随着日粮NDF水平提高,断奶獭兔白细胞数无显著差异 (P>0.05);血液淋巴细胞数上升(P<0.05);十二指肠和空肠sIgA+细胞数显著增加(P<0.05);盲肠总细菌数无显著差异(P>0.05);拟杆菌数先增加后减少,33%组显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);乳酸菌和大肠杆菌数降低,且乳酸菌29%组显著高于37%组和41%组(P<0.05),大肠杆菌41%组显著低于29%和33%组(P<0.05);盲肠pH值升高;腹泻率和死亡率降低。日粮NDF 水平提高对断奶獭兔的肠道健康有利,NDF 41%组断奶獭兔肠道最健康。 相似文献
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气温对种猪繁殖性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究气温对种猪繁殖性能的影响，对杭州市种猪试验场2004、2005两年3866胎长白和大白母猪的分娩记录、断奶后发情配种记录及75头长白公猪精液检测记录进行分析。结果表明：两品种母猪产仔数随状气温上升而下降。长白猪2～6月份总产仔数及活仔数均高于年均值（9．62、9．02头），7月份产活仔数开始下降，8月份死仔数达1．08头，比年均值高1倍，8月份至翌年1月份产仔数都在年均值以下。大白猪表现同样规律，8月份死仔数为0．85头，也是年均值的2倍，7～11月份产仔数在年均值（10．37、9．96头）以下。两个品种的返情率都随气温上升而升高，8月份达到高峰，长白猪前后持续3个月，大白猪仅1个月。长白公猪的精液品质亦随气温上升而下降，精子活力与气温的相关系数为-0．77（P〈0．05）。长白母猪受热应激的影响比大白母猪要严重，在热应激下产生的负面影响母猪大于公猪。 相似文献
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利用15个微卫星座位,分析了新西兰白兔、德系安哥拉兔、美系獭兔、齐卡G系肉兔、福建黄兔5个家兔群体的遗传多样性。结果表明：15个微卫星位点的平均等位基因数和平均有效等位基因数分别为7．400±1．639个和5．694±1．470个;5个家兔群体的平均基因杂合度和平均多态信息含量分别为0．7367和0．6994;新西兰白的平均基因杂合度和平均多态信息含量最高,福建黄兔最低。5个家兔群体的平均总近交系数（F_is）为-0．03,群体内平均近交系数（F_is）为-0．151,群体平均分化系数（F_is）为0．105（P〈0．001）。采用UPGMA法进行聚类分析,5个家兔群体聚为三类：新西兰白兔和德系安哥拉兔聚为一类;齐卡兔G系和美系獭兔聚为一类,福建黄兔独自为一类。 相似文献