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以3个在生产上表现优良的黄心菜品种为试材,将萌动种子置于4℃低温处理6、12、18、24 d,研究了种子春化处理对黄心菜植株抽薹开花的影响,以期为黄心菜种子繁育、单倍体育种等提供参考依据。结果表明：低温春化处理后,3个黄心菜品种的抽薹、现蕾、初花期、盛花期均显著提前,处理时间超过18 d以后,尽管植株抽薹开花更早,但植株及花薹表现更瘦弱;处理时间与各个表型性状均显著相关,处理时间与叶片数、叶片宽、叶柄长、株幅呈极显著负相关,与叶片长、叶柄宽、薹粗呈显著负相关,与株高、薹长呈极显著正相关。综合分析表明,处理6、12 d抽薹开花时间较晚,而处理24 d虽开花较早,但植株及花薹表现瘦弱,不利于花粉或种子培育,处理18 d植株抽薹开花时间显著提前且综合性状较好。 相似文献
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<正>1温度对蔬菜植物开花的影响1.1春化作用对于有些蔬菜作物,它们必须经过一定时间的低温诱导,才能开花结实,这种现象称为春化作用。如果人工施加低温处理,代替自然界的低温,促进植物通过春化,这种处理称为春化处理。在蔬菜植物中,大部分二年生蔬菜,如白菜类、根菜类、葱蒜类蔬菜及芹菜等绿叶菜类蔬菜,都要经过一段低温春化,才能开花结实。春化过程是诱导性的,本身并不直接引起开花,在春化过程完成以后,植株处于较高温度下才分化花原基,并且在许多 相似文献
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以结球甘蓝早熟品种8398和中熟品种京丰1号为试材,分别在植株长至7片和9片真叶时进行绿体春化处理18和21d,再进行37℃高温春化逆转12h,研究结球甘蓝高温春化逆转过程中内源激素含量的变化。结果表明:在高温春化逆转过程中,结球甘蓝植株体内GA3含量变化不大,IAA含量呈上升趋势,ABA含量呈下降趋势。与低温春化的对照相比,在高温春化逆转结束时,GA3和ABA含量显著降低,而IAA含量显著升高。低水平的GA3和ABA含量和高水平的IAA含量有利于春化逆转完成。 相似文献
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Cristina M. Oliveira G. Browning 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):731-739
Juvenile Prunus avium shoot apices produced flowering shoots after grafting to mature trees irrespective of treatment of the apices in the season before grafting with G A or G A + cytokinin. Scions grown from mature shoot apices grafted to seedling stocks failed to flower, again irrespective of prior hormone treatment. Similar treatment of mature shoot apices with these hormones, or with zeatin, inhibited concurrent floral initiation, but G A or GA + zeatin treatments increased flowering of scions grown from the treated apices after grafting to untreated mature trees. Localized shoot tip or root drench treatment of one or two year old seedlings with (2RS, 3RS)-paclobutrazol failed to induce flowering, but treatment of three or four year old plants did stimulate flowering. Branch or stem girdling or root flooding applied alone or in combination to three year old plants did not affect flowering. Floral initiation by three or four year old plants was inhibited by treatment with GAs. The results were consistent with the presence in seedlings of a root- produced, xylem transported, graft-transmissible inhibitor(s), which control the initiation of otherwise competent meristems, and which could include factors other than GAs. Juvenile meristem competence to flower was not affected by prior GA treatment. 相似文献
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S.J. Wellensiek 《Scientia Horticulturae》1973,1(2):177-192
The influences of vernalization, photoperiods of 8, 12 or 16 hours, and gibberellic acid (GA) on the flower bud formation of the pea were studied in a Late, a Medium and an Early flowering genotype, each genotypically either Tall or Dwarf, but for the rest genetically identical. The detailed experimental results are summarized on p. 188 (Section 3.4).Just as Medium and Early, Late is considered as a quantitative long-day plant, but its necessary duration of exposure is exceedingly long under short-day conditions. It is suggested to replace ‘critical day length’ by ‘critical duration of exposure’ in the pea and similarly reacting plants. Flower bud formation becomes increasingly more difficult from Early to Medium to Late, from Tall to Dwarf, from photoperiods of 16 hours to 12 hours to 8 hours, and certain combinations become marginal.Vernalization and GA had dramatic effects under the same marginal conditions, but GA was sometimes effective, where vernalization was not. In case of effect of both factors, strong interactions were found: vernalization reduced the effect of GA, and the reverse. This suggests similarity of action.The implications of these results for the mechanism of flower bud formation were discussed. It is presumed that the triple allelic genes for Late, Medium and Early determine a strong, an intermediate and a weak inhibition of flower bud formation, respectively. Inducing factors remove these inhibitions. Long day induces so strongly that vernalization and GA have hardly any supplementary effects, but under decreasing photoperiods, or more general, under marginal conditions, vernalization and gibberellic acid become more and more important as inducing factors. 相似文献
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根据已报道的拟南芥春化相关基因VIN3设计引物,通过RT-PCR方法首次从结球甘蓝中克隆得到两条春化相关基因BoVIN3的cDNA ORF编码区序列,各1 680 bp,GenBank登录号分别为JQ394927和JQ394928,可编码由560个氨基酸组成的蛋白质;与拟南芥VIN3基因在核酸水平上同源性分别达到85.55%和79.95%;与拟南芥氨基酸序列同源性分别为80.72%和72.96%。半定量RT-PCR表达分析表明BoVIN3受春化作用的诱导,只在感应低温的茎尖生长点表达,在其它部位不表达,并且其转录产物随春化时间延长逐渐积累,在春化42 d时达到峰值;而在不同浓度GA3和KT诱导下不表达;FLC受春化作用的抑制,并且BoVIN3受诱导表达后才能使FLC的表达受到抑制,暗示在结球甘蓝中BoVIN3可能参与春化调控开花的生物学过程,属于春化特异基因,只响应低温诱导而转录。 相似文献
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以越橘品种‘瑞卡’为试材,分别于初花期、盛花期、落花期与果实膨大期喷施25、50、75、100 mg·L^-1赤霉素(GA3)和5、10、15、20 mg·L^-1氯吡苯脲(CPPU)以及GA3+CPPU(25+5、25+10、50+5、50+10 mg·L^-1)的组合处理,研究不同时期和不同处理对越橘‘瑞卡’果实品质的影响,以期为GA3与CPPU在越橘栽培生产上应用提供参考依据。结果表明:果实膨大期各处理对果实品质的影响优于开花期,并且GA3与CPPU组合处理的效果优于二者单独处理,通过主成分分析得出50 mg·L^-1 GA3+10 mg·L^-1组合处理综合得分最高,与对照比较,单果质量提高33.1%,可溶性固形物含量、维生素C含量、可溶性蛋白质含量和花色苷含量分别提高15.3%、13.9%、20.6%和14.4%;可滴定酸含量和种子数量分别降低15.9%和16.9%,果实综合品质较好。 相似文献
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核桃多倍体诱导技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以‘绿岭’核桃种子、1a生‘绿岭’核桃实生苗的新梢、5a生采穗圃的‘绿岭’核桃新梢为试材,通过不同浓度的秋水仙素和不同时间的处理对核桃进行多倍体诱导,并用流式细胞仪进行倍性鉴定。结果表明:幼苗茎尖浸润法、新梢掐茎尖浸润法、种仁浸泡法、胚浸泡法、刺激隐芽法、刺激腋芽法处理后变异率均为0%,幼苗掐茎尖浸润法处理后,1.0%的秋水仙素溶液处理8d的30株幼苗中有4株变异,变异率为13.3%。对叶片明显变大、变厚,叶色变深,叶片变皱的植株进行倍性鉴定表明,1株是四倍体,3株是混倍体。 相似文献
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J. Craigon J. G. Atherton E. A. Basher 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):547-554
Rates of bolting and flowering in carrots cv. Chantenay Red Cored, measured as the reciprocals of days to first internode visibility and flower bud appearance respectively, were shown to relate linearly to a thermal time of vernalization derived from data obtained in controlled environments. Days elapsed from the end of vernalization to the start of visible bolting and flowering bore a curved relationship to thermal time of vernalization. The model curves also predicted closely the bolting and flowering responses of carrots to vernalization at different temperatures in controlled environments and under markedly different conditions in the field. Time taken from the end of vernalization to flowering and bolting decreased with increasing thermal time of vernalization, particularly between ca. 110 and 400°Cd. Vernalization beyond 400°Cd had less effect on the timing of these processes. The percentage of plants flowering increased asymptotically with increasing thermal time of vernalization up to ca. 400°Cd whereas shoot extension increased linearly up to ca. 650°Cd. 相似文献
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SUMMARYPhotoperiods of 8 and 16 h during chilling at 5°C had no effect on bolting and macroscopic flower appearance in celery cv. New Dwarf White. Eight hour photoperiods during chilling however markedly increased the number of plants forming sessile flowers. Short photoperiods (8 h) after chilling decreased the proportion of young, but competent plants that bolted and flowered. Total darkness during chilling completely prevented any subsequent vernalization response either as bolting or as flowering. Reducing irradiance receipt by the plants during chilling from 85 to W m"2 (PAR) had no effect on their vernalization response. After chilling, a reduction in mean daily total irradiance in the glasshouse from 4.05 to 1.57 MJ m"2 d-1 had no effect on bolting and flowering. Confinement of competent plants to darkness for 4-8 d at 20°C just prior to chilling resulted in a highly significant delay (F>0.001) to bolting and reduced the number of plants flowering. Two days of darkness had no significant effect. The inhibitory effects of dark treatments prior to chilling was greater in plants chilled subsequently for six weeks than for nine weeks. 相似文献
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为阐明芥菜（Brassica juncea Coss.）开花激活因子AGL24的表达特性及其在开花途径中与调节因子SOC1、SVP和FLC蛋白的互作机制,从‘青叶芥’中克隆了680 bp的AGL24基因,它编码221个氨基酸。序列分析表明：芥菜AGL24含有M、I、K和C域,分别有59、11、102和47个氨基酸,与油菜AGL24亲缘关系较近。荧光定量PCR分析发现：在低温春化途径和长日照光周期途径中,AGL24在叶片和茎尖中均有表达,营养生长期表达量较低,而生殖生长期表达量迅速增加;AGL24在光周期途径中的表达峰值要早于低温春化途径。酵母双杂交试验表明：全长AGL24与开花信号整合子SOC1蛋白能够互作,激活酵母报告基因AUR1-C、HIS3、ADE2和MEL1,在QDO/X-α-Gal/AbA平板培养基上长出蓝斑。另外,分别去掉M域后的截短体AGL24与SOC1也能相互作用。β–半乳糖苷酶活性检测发现：截短体杂交组合AGL24 × SOC1的互作强度显著高于全长杂交组合AGL24 × SOC1。然而全长AGL24或截短体AGL24 均不能与光周期途径核心抑制子SVP互作,也不与低温春化途径核心抑制因子FLC相互作用,说明AGL24并不是SVP或FLC的直接靶蛋白。 相似文献